CN204068418U - A kind of power supply source switching device - Google Patents
A kind of power supply source switching device Download PDFInfo
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- CN204068418U CN204068418U CN201420484725.8U CN201420484725U CN204068418U CN 204068418 U CN204068418 U CN 204068418U CN 201420484725 U CN201420484725 U CN 201420484725U CN 204068418 U CN204068418 U CN 204068418U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of power supply source switching device, comprise analog input circuit, instrument transformer buffer circuit, Zero-cross comparator circuit, 32 central processing units, on-off model input circuit, photoelectric isolating circuit, PLD logic device circuit, action breaker circuit, print output circuit, liquid crystal display, input through keyboard circuit and telecommunication management circuit.The variable quantity of self-adaptive switch position of the present utility model and electric parameter, with real fault or decompression Real-Time Monitoring, judges and reliable treatments for " shaking electric " from system itself, is one of technology domestically leading at present, and reaches international requirement.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to power transfer device, is specifically related to a kind of power supply source switching device.
Background technology
Current enterprise mostly uses and has power switchover device abbreviation " prepared auto restart " (BZT).Namely, when working power switch non-protected trips, Backup Power Switch needs automatic closing; Automatic switching device of standby power supply, as the automatics completing this function, its safe operation for electric power system has played huge effect in the production of enterprise, to can yet be regarded as at present one of the most effective automatics, but backup auto-activating device is more long for operate time, be not suitable with the requirement that enterprise improves power safety and automation? main cause has five, and one is that device judges that starting is too late; Two is by oversize for the time of in-put of spare power supply after device starts; Three is phase places when accurately can not judge switch on opportunity; Four is that switching mode is single, poor selectivity; Five be switch time excessive to the impact of whole electrical network, easily there is serious accident, cause system to shake, cause system large-area power-cuts.Trace to its source, mainly the network structure feature of Industrial-Enterprises in China determines, the backup auto-activating device operation principle that the backup auto-activating device that uses at present with mesolow transformer station almost absolutely applies mechanically electricity grid substation always falls in industrial enterprise, not for the demand of industrial enterprise and technical characterstic carry out principle, function, performance technicality design and development but this is again two diverse systems.
In addition, due to the present situation of China's electric power system, general large and medium-sized enterprise faces the puzzlement that system " is shaken electric " often, causes the large-area power failure of full factory or operational outfit paralysis time the system of first and second " is shaken electric " seriously.Economic loss is difficult to estimate, these problems annoying the producer and the manager of enterprise, also proposes urgent requirement to the function innovation of backup auto-activating device, is badly in need of wanting a kind of brand-new device to replace standby power switching device.
Utility model content
The utility model, for the problems referred to above, provides a kind of power supply source switching device.
The technical scheme in the invention for solving the above technical problem is: a kind of power supply source switching device, comprises analog input circuit, instrument transformer buffer circuit, Zero-cross comparator circuit, central processing unit, on-off model input circuit, photoelectric isolating circuit, PLD logic device circuit, action breaker circuit, print output circuit, liquid crystal display, input through keyboard circuit and telecommunication management circuit; Described central processing unit connects Zero-cross comparator circuit, photoelectric isolating circuit, print output circuit, liquid crystal display, input through keyboard circuit and telecommunication management circuit respectively; Described analog input circuit output connects instrument transformer buffer circuit; Described instrument transformer buffer circuit output connects Zero-cross comparator circuit; Described on-off model input circuit output connects photoelectric isolating circuit; Described photoelectric isolating circuit output decibel connects central processing unit and PLD logic device circuit; Described PLD logic device circuit output connecting moves breaker circuit; Described action short-circuiting device circuit input/output terminal connects host computer.
Described analog input circuit comprise for non-electric analoging signal is converted into the signal converter of the signal of telecommunication, the A/D converter be connected with signal converter, to the sampling holder inputting analog signal sampling, maintenance.
Advantage of the present utility model: after using said apparatus, judges to start switching time fast, reaches 10ms; After judging starting, the time of in-put of spare power supply is fast, within reaching 50ms; Removed circuit breaker failure reason; True detection system phase place, accurately judges phase place during switch on opportunity; Utility power grid ensures closing a floodgate within 30 °; Switching mode is flexible, and according to on-the-spot actual needs, menu is multiple available, and security reliability is high; Little to the impact of whole electrical network during switching, there will not be serious accident, anti-locking system concussion, definitely avoid system large-area power-cuts and " shaking electric " impact; Device can realize the normal grid switching operation of artificial system, eliminate or avoid the potential safety hazard that traditional back brake mode is in the past brought completely, ensure safe operation of electric network; Substitute existing automatic switching device of standby power supply or apparatus for fast switching completely, wiring is simple, easy for installation; Realize safety automation to switch, reach unattended, intelligent operation; Multiple communication modes and protocol transform, can get involved the Internet rapidly, implements remote monitoring.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the utility model embodiment or technical scheme of the prior art, be briefly described to the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only embodiments more of the present utility model, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is theory diagram of the present utility model;
Fig. 2 is electrical network sectionalized single busbar connection system diagram in the utility model.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the utility model embodiment, be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the utility model embodiment, obviously, described embodiment is only the utility model part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the utility model, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, all belong to the scope of the utility model protection.
With reference to figure 1, a kind of power supply source switching device as shown in Figure 1, comprises analog input circuit, instrument transformer buffer circuit, Zero-cross comparator circuit, 32 central processing units, on-off model input circuit, photoelectric isolating circuit, PLD logic device circuit, action breaker circuit, print output circuit, liquid crystal display, input through keyboard circuit and telecommunication management circuit; Described 32 central processing units connect Zero-cross comparator circuit, photoelectric isolating circuit, print output circuit, liquid crystal display, input through keyboard circuit and telecommunication management circuit respectively; Described analog input circuit output connects instrument transformer buffer circuit; Described instrument transformer buffer circuit output connects Zero-cross comparator circuit; Described on-off model input circuit output connects photoelectric isolating circuit; Described photoelectric isolating circuit output decibel connects 32 central processing units and PLD logic device circuit; Described PLD logic device circuit output connecting moves breaker circuit; Described action short-circuiting device circuit input/output terminal connects host computer.
One, analog signals input circuit describes
Analog quantity mainly refer to from the electric current of electric equipment, voltage, active power, reactive power, etc. all belong to analog quantity.
Analog input channel is made up of parts such as signal converter, multiway analog switch, sampling holder, A/D converters.
1) isolated converter
The function of isolated converter, that various non-electric analoging signal is transformed to the signal of telecommunication that A/D converter can accept, as current signal, voltage signal etc., can also standardize to the excursion of these output signal values as required, so that A/D converter process.
2) multiway analog switch
In this device, adopt tens tunnel analog signals to share an A/D converter, the cost of passage and system can be reduced, improve the utilance of A/D converter, in this case, multiway analog switch must be utilized to switch each road in turn by the analog signal of observing and controlling.
3) sampling holder
The Core Feature of analog input channel, carries out A/D conversion to the analog quantity of input exactly.When input analog amount value is determined, the digital quantity that A/D converter exports also is determined, but the analog quantity received when A/D converter changes in time, be called analog input signal, and when changing very fast, then in the process of A/D conversion, the signal quantity be converted is exactly uncertain, this uncertainty, certain aperture error can be caused, in order to reduce the impact of aperture error, can, before A/D conversion, sampling hold circuit be utilized to form sampling holder to input analog signal sampling, maintenance operation.
LF398 is sampling holder integrated circuit (IC) chip.
4) A/D converter
A/D converter is the core component of analog input channel, and be also absolutely necessary parts.
Two, on-off model input circuit describes
1) input circuit of switching value is made up of circuit for signal conditioning, control logic circuit, drive circuit, address decoding circuitry, buffer circuit.The input circuit of switching value is many, roughly can divide two classes: a class is the input of the various contacts be contained on device panel, as the keyboard contact for making regular check in device debugging or operation; Another kind of is outside through the contact of terminal board introducing device from device, as the auxiliary contact of circuit breaker and isolating switch, for running the various pressing plates, brace etc. of switching.
2) isolation of switching value is divided into
1. Phototube Coupling
2. the switching signal such as auxiliary contact and the load tap changer position of the switch of relay isolation circuit breakers, isolating switch, relay, when inputing to microcomputer, isolates by relay.
3. relay and photoelectrical coupler dual resisteance is long at circuit, interference ratio is more serious occasion, relay and photoelectrical coupler dual resisteance can be adopted simultaneously, with the effect of once strong isolation, namely the auxiliary contact of on-the-spot switch are first isolated through relay, the auxiliary contact of relay, again through photoelectric coupler isolation, then input to microcomputer.This two middle isolation has good effect to shake when improving antijamming capability and eliminate switch motion.
3) the anti-interference of switch acquisition has hardware and software two kinds of measures:
1. hardware of anti-interference measures is called de-twitter circuit, is the shake in order to produce when eliminating switching manipulation.De-twitter circuit has various ways, and the most frequently used is adopt bistable state to trigger short circuit, utilizes positive feedback effect that state is overturn rapidly and reaches debounce object.
2. the increase time delay that Countermeasures on software anti-disturbance is mainly suitable, all to open the impact of contact chatter.The acquisition mode of switching value, can adopt timing inquiry mode, also can adopt interrupt mode.
4) state of identification switch amount that switch becomes represents with binary number usually, such as, represent "off" with " 0 ", " closes " with " 1 " representative.And electric substation obtains switching value number usually a lot, determine whether a certain switch produces displacement, just need to carry out certain logical operation by the original state of switch and present state, thus filter out the switch producing displacement.
Three, cpu central processing unit
The CPU (Central Processing Unit, central processing unit) of microcomputer is the core component of single-chip microcomputer, is made up of, realizes logical operation parts such as control unit, ALU and register cells.According to the width of data/address bus and once accessible data byte length can be divided into 8 bit CPUs, 16 bit CPUs and 32 bit CPUs etc.This device adopts 32 central processing units.
CPU takes out instruction from memory or cache memory, puts into command register, and to Instruction decoding.It becomes a series of microoperation Command Resolution, then sends various control command, performs microoperation series, thus completes the execution of an instruction.
The critical piece realizing this device is the microcomputer system peripheral circuit of the large-scale circuit chips such as central microprocessor, memory and I/O interface circuit and necessity is assembled in a printed circuit board, realizes its respective handoff functionality.
Four, input circuit
Input equipment is used to built-in storage program and data being input to microcomputer, also can be used for realizing human-computer dialogue when microcomputer working procedure, this device finger keyboard and communication management module.
1) keyboard
Keyboard circuit non-coding matrix keyboard, is provided with 16 buttons, arranges form according to 4 row 4, at row and column infall access switching regulator button.At every turn corresponding by corresponding chip process button by next button, and record.
2) communication
RS-485 be a kind of antijamming capability strong, can effectively extension data transmission range, be convenient to realize the serial communication mode of multiple communication.Its interface standard is a kind of circuit criteria of transmitters, it extends the performance of RS-422A, 1 transmitter on two-conductor line is allowed to drive 32 load equipments, load equipment can be passive transmitter, receiver or transceiver, communication distance can reach 1200m, at this moment transmission rate is 100kb/s, with repeater, can extend distance again.
And RS-485 circuit allows pay station line communication, semiduplex communication modes can save holding wire again, so be particularly suitable for telecommunication.
Ethernet interface technology is a kind of shared bus technology, and Ethernet is got involved control MAC by medium and driven and each node access networks medium on Controling network.The digital received and sent of all Ethernets of MAC process, comprises collision detection, the generation of preamble and detection, CRC and produces and detect.Main frame one side, the receiving data frames come from high level delivers to physical layer through MAC, and frame is converted into packet thus, then sends it to online: network one side, the packets of information that medium comes from network is transformed to after frame through physical layer, processes the software that this frame adapts through MAC control feeding upper strata.
Five, output circuit
Output equipment is that one chip microcomputer requires operation result to embody with the form of display or preservation according to programming in advance.The most frequently used output equipment is display and printer, and this device is liquid crystal display and impact printer.
Device Starting mode of the present utility model and logic:
1. line voltage distribution starts, and the device fact detects voltage variety, occurs exception or lose power supply when circuit three-phase voltage, namely detects voltage lower than line voltage distribution setting value and line current is less than overcurrent locking value, starts step-down logic.
2. low-frequency starting, the device fact detects voltage and frequency variation, occur abnormal when circuit three-phase voltage and lose power supply, declining also appears in simultaneity factor frequency, namely detect voltage lower than line voltage distribution setting value and frequency lower than system frequency setting value and line current is less than overcurrent locking value, start step-down and frequency logic.
3. inverse probability is started, and when industrial system bus is with generator operation, this bus major part load now born by generator, and user gains merit from system acceptance.But when system loses power supply, engine will fall power transmission to system, and for preventing the system failure, device will start inverse probability.
4. the position of the switch start, when systems are functioning properly, because of working power co-bit switch occur suddenly displacement time, be ensure power supply reliability, device needs Backup Power Switch of closing, now the position of the switch start.
5. trip protection starts, and the protective device on circuit is this line work of tripping power supply at treatment system external area error, and device plays dynamic circuit connector stand-by power supply.
Device action mode of the present utility model:
Device, after correct startup, can carry out action according to the logical order of setting in advance to working power and Backup Power Switch, to ensure system safety, reliable.
1. switching in parallel
First close Backup Power Switch, after confirming that Backup Power Switch is closed, then divide work mains switch.In this course of action, system can short time cyclization.Parallel way be applicable under normal circumstances with frequently system two power supplys between switching, manually recover after artificial back brake when can be used for inlet wire maintenance or fault.Parallel way is also divided into automated manner in parallel and semiautomatic fashion in parallel.Automated manner in parallel be finger device after combined floodgate, through adjusting time delay, automatic tripping working power switch.Semiautomatic fashion in parallel be finger device after combined floodgate, by manual tripping working power switch.
Specific under system list mother partition system wiring, to be switched to 2DL from 1DL parallel connection, now 3DL is in co-bit.After manual starting, if condition in parallel meets, device first closes 2DL switch, now working power, stand-by power supply two power supply cyclizations in short-term, device tripping 1DL again after time delay of adjusting (shunt tripping time delay).
2. series connection switches
First divide work mains switch, after confirming that working power separately, then close Backup Power Switch.Series system is applicable to the automatic switchover of power supply in accident and switch mis-jumping situation.
Specific under system list mother partition system wiring, to be switched to 2DL from 1DL parallel connection, now 3DL is in co-bit.After manual starting, if condition in parallel meets, device first tripping 1DL switch, and then the 2DL switch that closes, now there is not cyclization situation in working power, stand-by power supply two power supplys.
3. switch simultaneously
Device is sent out simultaneously and is jumped working power switch and close Backup Power Switch order, is suitable for and the system normally use of falling load.With switch logic in parallel.
Device implementation of the present utility model as shown in Figure 2, when system cloud gray model is normal, I section bus and II bus are powered by working power, and namely working power switch and bus connection switch are all at closing position, and 1DL, 3DL are in co-bit, Backup Power Switch 2DL is at open position, when working power is due to after fault loses power supply, device through in short-term correct judge after tripping working power, close stand-by power supply, i.e. tripping 1DL, close 2DL.Vice versa.
Device implementation depends on that device is to the accurate judgement of system parameters and set-up mode, specifically comprises following implementation:
1. quick-action switches
Quick-action switches to the most advantage of this device, is also switch to use one of switching mode that success rate is the highest, generally reaches more than 80%, can ensure system safety, do not make again the equipment such as electricity consumption can not be subject to greater impact and disturbance.
Wherein Rule of judgment: first: line voltage distribution can not lower than 80% of system voltage and more than; Second: bus with wait to throw voltage | dz| " switching pressure reduction " is within 20%; 3rd: bus with wait to throw voltage | dq| " switching angular difference " must within 30 °.
It is the fastest combined floodgate mode of whole switching combined floodgate mode that quick-action switches, and wherein completes the whole switch motion time at about 100ms, ensure that the action message of stand-by power supply, ensures the recovery of system electricity consumption.
2. follow the tracks of the same period and switch
If device loses the meeting of quick-action switching machine, device can proceed to rapidly to follow the tracks of and switch the same period, to realize the best opportunity restored electricity, busbar voltage and treat that the asynchronous switch-on point between switching voltage is most important, its criterion device tracking is attached most importance to its opportunity of closing a floodgate point, the intrinsic closing time set in advance around switch is reference, selected one " expection leading phase angle " is as long as this " expection leading phase angle " is in the permission phase angle that device sets, the position just can finding put the same period is sent out and is closed stand-by power supply order, now impact minimum to electrical network, also power load can not be made to be affected.
3. overbottom pressure switches
System voltage progressively reduces along with handoff failure number of times, drops to about about 30% in busbar voltage, switching now enter overbottom pressure switch, but due to interruption duration long, not as this device switching mode first.But can use at some particular system, now switching does not have strict criterion, affects not quite system yet.
4. safety delay switches
The safety delay of system switches, and be supplementing for overbottom pressure switching, at present along with a large amount of replacements of automatic switching device of standby power supply, this kind of switching mode also use, so this device relates to less.
The utility model provides a kind of full new firms power supply switching mode-power supply stable-switching device, transformer station's (switchgear house) unattended operation can be realized by using this device, due to the short circuit of external power grid, " shake electric ", air-drop etc. causes instantaneous or normal time service power outage, device automatic checkout system voltage, electric current, frequency, the true variable quantity of power, when the voltage of whole using electricity system is unlikely to loss, drop into stand-by power supply or bus connection switch safely and fast, system is made to reenter normal operating condition, make whole electric power netting safe running.The development of Modern vacuum circuit breaker, point, the time of closing a floodgate can reach 30-50ms the soonest, this for power supply stable-switching device realize possibility is provided, the safety and reliability of electric power system, require that peopleware and power supply unit automation improve constantly, depend merely on artificial operation to be difficult to be competent at, digital transformer substation gos deep into enterprise, by from motion tracking, detect, judge, the power supply stable-switching device performed coordinates other automatically-monitored software, really realize the digitlization of transformer station's (switchgear house), intelligent, ensure the safety and reliability of electrical network.
It is fast that device judges to start switching time, reaches 10ms; Device is fast by the time of in-put of spare power supply after judging starting, within reaching 50ms; Removed circuit breaker failure reason; True detection system phase place, accurately judges phase place during switch on opportunity; Utility power grid ensures closing a floodgate within 30 °; Switching mode is flexible, and according to on-the-spot actual needs, menu is multiple available, and security reliability is high; Little to the impact of whole electrical network during switching, there will not be serious accident, anti-locking system concussion, definitely avoid system large-area power-cuts and " shaking electric " impact; Device can realize the normal grid switching operation of artificial system, eliminate or avoid the potential safety hazard that traditional back brake mode is in the past brought completely, ensure safe operation of electric network; Substitute existing automatic switching device of standby power supply or apparatus for fast switching completely, wiring is simple, easy for installation; Realize safety automation to switch, reach unattended, intelligent operation; Multiple communication modes and protocol transform, can get involved the Internet rapidly, implements remote monitoring.
The variable quantity of self-adaptive switch position of the present utility model and electric parameter, with real fault or decompression Real-Time Monitoring, judges and reliable treatments for " shaking electric " from system itself, is one of technology domestically leading at present, and reaches international requirement.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present utility model; not in order to limit the utility model; all within spirit of the present utility model and principle, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection range of the present utility model.
Claims (1)
1. a power supply source switching device, it is characterized in that, comprise analog input circuit, instrument transformer buffer circuit, Zero-cross comparator circuit, 32 central processing units, on-off model input circuit, photoelectric isolating circuit, PLD logic device circuit, action breaker circuit, print output circuit, liquid crystal display, input through keyboard circuit and telecommunication management circuit; Described 32 central processing units connect Zero-cross comparator circuit, photoelectric isolating circuit, print output circuit, liquid crystal display, input through keyboard circuit and telecommunication management circuit respectively; Described analog input circuit output connects instrument transformer buffer circuit; Described instrument transformer buffer circuit output connects Zero-cross comparator circuit; Described on-off model input circuit output connects photoelectric isolating circuit; Described photoelectric isolating circuit output connects 32 central processing units and PLD logic device circuit respectively; Described PLD logic device circuit output connecting moves breaker circuit; Described action short-circuiting device circuit input/output terminal connects host computer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201420484725.8U CN204068418U (en) | 2014-08-26 | 2014-08-26 | A kind of power supply source switching device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201420484725.8U CN204068418U (en) | 2014-08-26 | 2014-08-26 | A kind of power supply source switching device |
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| CN204068418U true CN204068418U (en) | 2014-12-31 |
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| CN201420484725.8U Expired - Fee Related CN204068418U (en) | 2014-08-26 | 2014-08-26 | A kind of power supply source switching device |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106611998A (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2017-05-03 | 宁夏琪凯节能设备有限公司 | Energy-saving power switching device |
| CN110440833A (en) * | 2019-09-03 | 2019-11-12 | 中核核电运行管理有限公司 | Chromacoder and signal transducer card |
-
2014
- 2014-08-26 CN CN201420484725.8U patent/CN204068418U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106611998A (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2017-05-03 | 宁夏琪凯节能设备有限公司 | Energy-saving power switching device |
| CN110440833A (en) * | 2019-09-03 | 2019-11-12 | 中核核电运行管理有限公司 | Chromacoder and signal transducer card |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20141231 Termination date: 20180826 |