CN204064875U - Rail Surface friction coefficient measuring apparatus - Google Patents
Rail Surface friction coefficient measuring apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN204064875U CN204064875U CN201420510748.1U CN201420510748U CN204064875U CN 204064875 U CN204064875 U CN 204064875U CN 201420510748 U CN201420510748 U CN 201420510748U CN 204064875 U CN204064875 U CN 204064875U
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- rail
- friction coefficient
- rail surface
- general frame
- surface friction
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of Rail Surface friction coefficient measuring apparatus, contact with rail and arrange and under external force along the travel mechanism of rail movement, travel mechanism be provided with the measuring mechanism for measuring rail surface and side friction coefficient; For gathering measurement mechanism positional information, line information, and the information acquisition mechanism of the measurement data information of measuring mechanism; Also comprise the administration of power supply that measuring mechanism, information acquisition mechanism are powered.The utility model structure is simple, and volume is little, and cost is low, accurately can measure the friction factor of the main model rail of China.The utility model is applicable to the measurement main model rail of China being carried out to friction factor.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to railway construction technical field, relates to a kind of Rail Surface friction coefficient measuring apparatus.
Background technology
Rail Surface friction factor is very large on transportation by railroad impact, and wherein, rail surface friction factor directly affects vehicle safety and runs: if rail surface friction factor is too little, and phenomenon easily appears skidding, dallying in rolling stock, can cause engine burn; If rail surface friction factor is excessive, vehicle driving resistance increases, and energy resource consumption increases;
Meanwhile, 3 in Curve Segment rail side friction coefficient is very large on track side abrasion impact: in sharp radius curve section, if foreign stock rail side friction coefficient is excessive, and track side abrasion is serious, greatly reduces rail serviceable life.Therefore, no matter from traffic safety angle or from prolongation rail angle in serviceable life, all need to control Rail Surface friction factor, so just need to measure Rail Surface friction factor.
At present, China is domestic is not also specifically designed to the device measuring Rail Surface friction factor, and external employing friction catch mode is measured Rail Surface friction coefficient measuring apparatus and is needed special vehicle to draw, this apparatus structure is complicated, bulky, price is more expensive, and needs special vehicle to be pulled in Window time just to measure.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model, is to provide a kind of Rail Surface friction coefficient measuring apparatus, and this measurement mechanism structure is simple, volume is little, price is lower, and draws without the need to special vehicle, only needs manual operation to complete.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the utility model adopts is:
A kind of Rail Surface friction coefficient measuring apparatus, it comprises:
Contact with rail and arrange and under external force along the travel mechanism of rail movement, travel mechanism be provided with the measuring mechanism for measuring rail surface and side friction coefficient; Positional information, line information for gathering Rail Surface friction coefficient measuring apparatus, and the information acquisition mechanism of the measurement data information of measuring mechanism; For the administration of power supply of powering to measuring mechanism, information acquisition mechanism.
As to restriction of the present utility model: described travel mechanism comprises a general frame, the end face of general frame is provided with the push rod for outside applied thrust, general frame rear and front end is respectively equipped with the large travelling wheel rolled in rail surface, is respectively equipped with the rail Hubei Province portion traveling wheel mechanism with rail side Structure deformation in the left and right sides of general frame.
As to further restriction of the present utility model: described rail Hubei Province portion traveling wheel mechanism comprises one end and is located at sway brace on general frame side movably, the other end of sway brace is installed with the little travelling wheel with rail side Structure deformation, the side of general frame is also provided with for support arms position and makes the snap close that sway brace keeps static.
Limit further again as to of the present utility model: described measuring mechanism comprises the tread face rub measurement mechanism for measuring rail surface friction factor, and the trackside face rub measurement mechanism of measuring is carried out for tracking side friction coefficient, described tread face rub measurement mechanism is identical with the structure of trackside face rub measurement mechanism, include the beam of uniform strength, the bottom of the described beam of uniform strength is provided with the contact head with rail rubbing contact, be provided with simultaneously and gather contact head to the pressure transducer of rail pressure information, the top of the beam of uniform strength is fixedly arranged on a fixture, described fixture is fixedly arranged on general frame by fixed mount, be provided with between the beam of uniform strength and fixture and gather the outside End Force sensor applying pressure information, weld strain sheet is installed with respectively in the middle part of the two sides of the beam of uniform strength.
Further limit as to of the present utility model: the fixed mount of described tread face rub measurement mechanism is fixedly arranged on the end face of general frame, and the fixed mount of trackside face rub measurement mechanism is fixedly arranged on a side of general frame.
Limit as to another kind of the present utility model: described information acquisition mechanism and administration of power supply are located in a box body jointly, and described box body is fixedly arranged on side relative with side, side friction measuring mechanism place in-orbit on general frame.
Further restriction as to aforesaid way: described information acquisition mechanism comprises the detent mechanism be located in box body, for positioning Rail Surface friction coefficient measuring apparatus.
Owing to have employed above-mentioned technical scheme, compared with prior art, acquired technical progress is the utility model:
(1) measurement mechanism of the present utility model comprises travel mechanism, measuring mechanism, information acquisition mechanism, administration of power supply, and measuring mechanism, information acquisition mechanism, administration of power supply are all fixedly arranged in travel mechanism, compact conformation, volume are little, and realize simple, cost is low simultaneously;
(2) travel mechanism of the present utility model comprises general frame, large travelling wheel is provided with in the rear and front end of general frame, little travelling wheel is also provided with in the left and right sides of general frame, size travelling wheel coordinates operation, travel mechanism can not only be made better to contact with rail, the direction of travel of overall measurement mechanism can be controlled simultaneously better, ensure the precision of rub measurement;
(3) rail Hubei Province of the present utility model portion traveling wheel mechanism comprises sway brace, little travelling wheel, snap close, wherein one end of sway brace is located on the side of integral support movably, little travelling wheel is fixedly arranged on the other end of sway brace, and by the snap close be located on general frame, sway brace is locked, arrange like this and form constraint system, travel mechanism can be made to be tied on rail, namely when snap close is opened sway brace can relative overall framework up and down, little travelling wheel just can be separated from from rail side, whole travel mechanism can be unclamped from rail, conveniently takes off;
(4) in the utility model, rail Hubei Province portion traveling wheel mechanism is located at the left and right sides of integral support, this set makes this measurement mechanism more flexible, and adaptability is stronger, can adopt different rail Hubei Province portion traveling wheel mechanisms according to dissimilar rail;
(5) measuring mechanism of the present utility model is provided with two force snesor, measurement result can be made more accurate, on the beam of uniform strength, be provided with two panels foil gauge simultaneously, adopt half-bridge bridge road, this method can eliminate the impact of temperature on measurement result, improves measuring accuracy further;
(6) information acquisition mechanism of the present utility model and administration of power supply are co-located in box body, and box body is fixedly arranged on that side, side of the general frame that rail Hubei Province portion traveling wheel mechanism is not set, therefore this box body and rail Hubei Province portion traveling wheel mechanism form equilibrium of forces, more can improve the degree of accuracy of friction coefficient measurement.
In sum, the utility model structure is simple, and volume is little, and cost is low, accurately can measure the friction factor of the main model rail of China.
The utility model is applicable to the measurement rail of the main model of China being carried out to friction factor.
The utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with Figure of description and specific embodiment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model embodiment;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of another angle of the utility model embodiment;
Fig. 3 is the structure for amplifying schematic diagram of A or part B in Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of measuring mechanism in the utility model embodiment;
Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram of the foil gauge 12 be positioned in the utility model embodiment on the beam of uniform strength 7.
In figure: 1-general frame, 2-push rod, 3-large travelling wheel, 4-sway brace, 5-little travelling wheel, 6-snap close, 7-beam of uniform strength, 8-contact head, 9-pressure transducer, 10-fixture, 101-1--crossbeam, 101-2-vertical beam, 102-1-upper plate, 102-2-fixed head, 11-End Force sensor, 12-foil gauge, 131-clamping plate, 132-convex, 14-platform shape groove, 15-shackle member, 16-box body.
Embodiment
embodimenta kind of Rail Surface friction coefficient measuring apparatus
The present embodiment is a kind of Rail Surface friction coefficient measuring apparatus, and as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, it comprises:
(1) travel mechanism, described travel mechanism contacts with rail and arranges, and can move along rail under external force.
Travel mechanism in the present embodiment as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, comprise general frame 1, the end face of general frame 1 is provided with the push rod 2 for outside applied thrust, and the present embodiment is to whole measurement mechanism applied thrust, therefore has certain angle between push rod 2 and framework 1 upper surface.Be respectively equipped with large travelling wheel 3 in the rear and front end of general frame 1, described general frame 1 is rolled by two large travelling wheels 3 and is located on rail surface.In order to ensure the stability of the present embodiment, be respectively equipped with the rail Hubei Province portion traveling wheel mechanism with rail side Structure deformation in the left and right sides of general frame 1.
Rail Hubei Province portion traveling wheel mechanism in the present embodiment is provided with four, one is each side provided with respectively at each large travelling wheel 3, the structure of each as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, comprise sway brace 4, sway brace 4 in the present embodiment is L shape structure, its top is rotatably located on general frame 1 side, the other end is towards rail side and be installed with the little travelling wheel 5 with rail side Structure deformation, the side of general frame 1 be also provided with for the position of support arms 4 and make sway brace 4 stiff, keeping static snap close 6.When snap close 6 is opened, sway brace 4 can rotate along the direction perpendicular to general frame 1 side around self top.
(2) measuring mechanism, for measure himself and rail surface or and side between friction factor.Measuring mechanism in the present embodiment comprises the tread face rub measurement mechanism for measuring the friction factor between measuring mechanism self and rail surface, and the trackside face rub measurement mechanism for measuring the friction factor between measuring mechanism self and trackside face, described tread face rub measurement mechanism is identical with the structure of trackside face rub measurement mechanism, as shown in Figure 4, include the beam of uniform strength 7, the bottom of the described beam of uniform strength 7 is provided with the contact head 8 with rail rubbing contact, be provided with the pressure transducer 9 gathering contact head 8 pairs of rail pressure informations simultaneously, the top of the beam of uniform strength 7 is fixedly arranged on a fixture 10, described fixture 10 is as Fig. 1, be located on general frame 1 shown in Fig. 2, be provided with to gather between the beam of uniform strength 7 and fixture 10 and outside apply pressure (this pressure position is by the thrust that push rod 2 applies, the pressure to Rail Surface friction coefficient measuring apparatus produced, belong to the component of thrust) the End Force sensor 11 of information, foil gauge 12 is installed with respectively in the middle part of the two sides of the beam of uniform strength 7.
In order to ensure the precision measured, the beam of uniform strength 7 of the present embodiment as shown in Figure 3, the form that the top of the beam of uniform strength 7 adopts two block plates to be consolidated, and pressure transducer 9 and contact head 8 other end are consolidated in the bottom of the beam of uniform strength 7, and the surface of steel plate that the beam of uniform strength 7 top is consolidated carries out mechanical buffing process and applies lubricating oil, make skin-friction coefficient minimum, contact head 8 adopts abrasion-resistant stee to make half elliptic, form good similar point cantact with Rail Surface or side, reduce the measuring error caused due to the distribution of power.
As shown in Figure 3, fixture 10 has the first support of fixed rail end face/trackside face rub measurement mechanism upper-lower position, and for the second support of fixed rail end face/trackside face rub measurement mechanism front and back position.Described second support comprises upper plate 102-1, in order to ensure the precision measured, installs more convenient with season, and described upper plate 102-1 is symmetrical hexagonal structure, and upper plate 102-1 is with being through, symmetrical hexagon through hole up and down.Described upper plate 102-1 relative to fixed head 102-2 youngster's side is respectively equipped with for the fixation measuring beam of uniform strength 7, described two pieces of fixed head 102-2 are connected to the consolidation place of two block plates on the beam of uniform strength 7 top just.And the first support is have one with crossbeam 101-1 and two identical vertical beam 101-2, described two vertical beam 101-2 are located at the two ends of crossbeam 101-1 respectively one-body moldedly, one end that two vertical beam 101-2 are not connected with crossbeam 101-1 is fixedly arranged on two Symmetry Edges of the second support respectively, and in order to ensure the balance that the beam of uniform strength 7 is arranged, the line of centres of two vertical beam 101-2 is arranged with the line of centres of two pieces of fixed head 102-2 is mutually vertical.And the middle part of crossbeam 101-1 is provided with the screw run through, after the through hole of the second support is run through on the top of this screw, top is pressed on the top of the beam of uniform strength 7, and end sensor 11 is fixedly arranged on the screw of the above-mentioned fixing beam of uniform strength 7 simultaneously.
In order to ensure that the beam of uniform strength 7 and fixture 10 can be installed on general frame 1, the present embodiment is provided with strap on general frame 1, because the present embodiment is provided with tread face rub measurement mechanism and trackside face rub measurement mechanism, therefore on the end face of general frame 1 and on side, strap is respectively equipped with, and it is substantially identical with the structure of the strap of side to be located at general frame end face, as shown in Figure 1, Figure 3, comprise the clamping plate 131 that two pieces are fixedly arranged on general frame 1 end face or side, at clamping plate 131 top, there is convex 132 respectively.In order to ensure the fixation of the second support equivalent intensities beam 7, distance in the present embodiment between two clamping plates 131 equals the width of two pieces of fixed head 102-2, and convex 132 is away from two clamping plates 131 convex outside to opposite, two convexes 132 are respectively equipped with the platform shape groove 14 broadened gradually downwards, and on the bottom surface of the second support, are provided with the shackle member 15 matched with this shape groove shape, size.During installation, first the beam of uniform strength 7 and fixture 10 are fixed, then two shackle member 15 are placed in one end of platform shape groove 14, the other end towards platform shape groove 14 promotes fixture 10, when fixture 10 arrives the middle part of two convexes 132, with screw, two of the first support vertical beam 101-2 and convex 131 are fixed.
(3) information acquisition mechanism, for gathering positional information, the line information of the overall measurement mechanism of the present embodiment, and gathers tread face rub measurement mechanism and the information measured by the rub measurement mechanism of trackside face.In the present embodiment, information acquisition mechanism comprises the main control unit for analyzing the information gathered, process, calculate, such as single-chip microcomputer; Gather the detent mechanism of overall measurement mechanism position and line information, and gather the strain acquirement circuit that numerical value is measured by tread face rub measurement mechanism and trackside face rub measurement mechanism, described detent mechanism adopts the Big Dipper positioning system of the prior art, or GPS positioning system etc., its signal input part connects the position signalling input end of main control unit; Strain acquirement circuit comprises two weld strain sheet R1, R2 on the beam of uniform strength 7 and dummy gauge R3, the R4 in measuring mechanism, described R1, R2, R3, R4 are as shown in Figure 5, form bridge-type structure, its collection signal output terminal connects the collection signal input end of main control unit, sends the change in voltage of bridge circuit to main control unit.
In addition, in order to improve the present embodiment, described collecting mechanism also comprises display module, and described display module adopts display screen of the prior art, and its signal input part connects the display output terminal of main control unit.
(4) administration of power supply, for providing electric energy for measuring mechanism and information acquisition mechanism.Administration of power supply in the present embodiment adopts charged lithium cells of the prior art, and the both positive and negative polarity of described lithium battery connects the power input of measuring mechanism and information acquisition mechanism respectively.And in order to make the measurement result of the present embodiment more accurate, administration of power supply and information acquisition mechanism are located in a box body 16 by the present embodiment jointly, the display module of information acquisition mechanism is located at the surface of box body 16, and box body 16 is fixedly arranged on side on general frame 1, relative with the side being provided with trackside face rub measurement mechanism, rub measurement mechanism forms equilibrium of forces with trackside face.
The principle of work of the present embodiment is specific as follows: installed as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 by the present embodiment, opens snap close 6, makes the large traveling 3 of the present embodiment all contact with rail with little travelling wheel 5, then closes snap close 6, a thrust is applied by push rod 2 pairs of general frames 1, the present embodiment is made to move on rail, certain angle is had between the upper surface due to push rod 2 and general frame 1, therefore, the thrust applied produces pressure to rail surface and rail side respectively, and the pressure produced can make tread face rub measurement mechanism and trackside face rub measurement mechanism vertically move, and then image data, the numerical value gathered comprises the pressure being applied to rail surface or side, and the actual pressure of contact head 8 pairs of rail and the bending strain of the beam of uniform strength 7, and the pressure information collected and bending strain information can be carried out computing by information acquisition mechanism, finally obtain the friction factor of rail surface and side.
The temperature strain that the strain of the present embodiment medium tenacity beam 7 comprises bending strain that friction force makes the beam of uniform strength 7 be formed, temperature variation makes the beam of uniform strength 7 be formed, and the compressive strain that applied pressure equivalent intensities beam 7 is formed, due to design feature and the stress characteristic of the beam of uniform strength, compressive strain and temperature strain equal and opposite in direction, direction is identical, but because the bridge type of foil gauge R1, R2, R3, R4 designs, and then temperature strain and compressive strain can be made to offset completely, the only bending strain of remaining friction force formation, therefore, the present embodiment only need calculate bending strain.
Information acquisition mechanism being specifically calculated as friction factor in the present embodiment: such as, it is F at the beam of uniform strength 7 End Friction that pressure transducer detects, be then L apart from this end
1the moment of flexure that the beam of uniform strength 7 xsect at place receives is
（1）
The bending resistance moment of flexure of this section is:
（2）
In formula (2),
for distance beam-ends
the width of beam section.
On the beam of uniform strength 7, normal stress computing formula is herein:
（3）
Through can be calculated:
（4）
Equal strength district for the beam of uniform strength 7 has: cross-sectional width is
（5）
So at the normal stress of the equal strength district any point of the beam of uniform strength 7 be:
（6）
In formula (5), (6)
for the length of the whole beam of uniform strength 7,
for the cross-sectional width of the beam of uniform strength 7 end,
for the thickness of the beam of uniform strength 7.
Namely on the beam of uniform strength 7, any point place normal stress is all the same, therefore is referred to as " beam of uniform strength ".Along sectional axis to bending strain be:
（7）
And then the friction force obtaining rail surface or side is
（8）
In formula (6), (7), (8),
for the elastic modulus of the beam of uniform strength.
Again according to coefficientoffrictionμ=F/P, (for calculating friction force size, P is the pressure being applied to contact head obtained by force snesor to F), finally calculates rail level friction factor.
Claims (7)
1. a Rail Surface friction coefficient measuring apparatus,
it is characterized in that:contact with rail and arrange and under external force along the travel mechanism of rail movement, travel mechanism be provided with the measuring mechanism for measuring rail surface and side friction coefficient; For gathering positional information, the line information of Rail Surface friction coefficient measuring apparatus, and the information acquisition mechanism of the measurement data information of measuring mechanism; For the administration of power supply of powering to measuring mechanism, information acquisition mechanism.
2. Rail Surface friction coefficient measuring apparatus according to claim 1,
it is characterized in that:described travel mechanism comprises a general frame, the end face of general frame is provided with the push rod for outside applied thrust, general frame rear and front end is respectively equipped with the large travelling wheel rolled in rail surface, is respectively equipped with the rail Hubei Province portion traveling wheel mechanism with rail side Structure deformation in the left and right sides of general frame.
3. Rail Surface friction coefficient measuring apparatus according to claim 2,
it is characterized in that:described rail Hubei Province portion traveling wheel mechanism comprises one end and is located at sway brace on general frame side movably, the other end of sway brace is installed with the little travelling wheel with rail side Structure deformation, the side of general frame is also provided with for support arms position and makes the snap close that sway brace keeps static.
4. Rail Surface friction coefficient measuring apparatus according to claim 3,
it is characterized in that:described measuring mechanism comprises the tread face rub measurement mechanism for measuring rail surface friction factor, and the trackside face rub measurement mechanism of measuring is carried out for tracking side friction coefficient, described tread face rub measurement mechanism is identical with the structure of trackside face rub measurement mechanism, include the beam of uniform strength, the bottom of the described beam of uniform strength is provided with the contact head with rail rubbing contact, be provided with simultaneously and gather contact head to the pressure transducer of rail pressure information, the top of the beam of uniform strength is fixedly arranged on a fixture, described fixture is fixedly arranged on general frame by fixed mount, be provided with between the beam of uniform strength and fixture and gather the outside pressure against the ends sensor applying pressure information, weld strain sheet is installed with respectively in the middle part of the two sides of the beam of uniform strength.
5. Rail Surface friction coefficient measuring apparatus according to claim 4,
it is characterized in that:the fixed mount of described tread face rub measurement mechanism is fixedly arranged on the end face of general frame, and the fixed mount of trackside face rub measurement mechanism is fixedly arranged on a side of general frame.
6. Rail Surface friction coefficient measuring apparatus as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5,
it is characterized in that:described information acquisition mechanism and administration of power supply are located in a box body jointly, and described box body is fixedly arranged on side relative with the side, place of trackside face rub measurement mechanism on general frame.
7. Rail Surface friction coefficient measuring apparatus according to claim 6,
it is characterized in that:described measuring mechanism comprises the detent mechanism be located in box body, for positioning Rail Surface friction coefficient measuring apparatus.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420510748.1U CN204064875U (en) | 2014-09-05 | 2014-09-05 | Rail Surface friction coefficient measuring apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420510748.1U CN204064875U (en) | 2014-09-05 | 2014-09-05 | Rail Surface friction coefficient measuring apparatus |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN204064875U true CN204064875U (en) | 2014-12-31 |
Family
ID=52206362
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420510748.1U Withdrawn - After Issue CN204064875U (en) | 2014-09-05 | 2014-09-05 | Rail Surface friction coefficient measuring apparatus |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN204064875U (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104181101A (en) * | 2014-09-05 | 2014-12-03 | 石家庄铁道大学 | Measuring device for steel rail surface friction coefficients |
| CN106839969A (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2017-06-13 | 无锡乐华自动化科技有限公司 | A kind of elastic strain piece loop-type machine tool guideway testing agency and testing process |
| CN109060648A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2018-12-21 | 河南科技大学 | A kind of spheric granules coefficient of rolling friction measurement method |
-
2014
- 2014-09-05 CN CN201420510748.1U patent/CN204064875U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104181101A (en) * | 2014-09-05 | 2014-12-03 | 石家庄铁道大学 | Measuring device for steel rail surface friction coefficients |
| CN106839969A (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2017-06-13 | 无锡乐华自动化科技有限公司 | A kind of elastic strain piece loop-type machine tool guideway testing agency and testing process |
| CN109060648A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2018-12-21 | 河南科技大学 | A kind of spheric granules coefficient of rolling friction measurement method |
| CN109060648B (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2021-02-05 | 河南科技大学 | Method for measuring rolling friction coefficient of spherical particles |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20141231 Effective date of abandoning: 20160824 |
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| C25 | Abandonment of patent right or utility model to avoid double patenting |