CN204053139U - Numerical control horizontal gantry fixed beam cycloid gear milling machine - Google Patents

Abstract

A CNC horizontal gantry fixed-beam cycloidal gear milling machine, characterized in that it includes a bed (10), a column (1), a rectangular workbench (16), a fixed beam (2), a milling headstock (7), a disc-shaped Milling cutter (8), vertical rotary indexing table (15) and tail thimble support (11). This CNC horizontal gantry fixed-beam cycloidal gear milling machine has optimized structure, convenient operation, high processing efficiency, suitable for processing with a small number of teeth, and high cost performance. It is suitable for processing various batches of cycloidal gears in the cycloidal reducer industry. The replacement of different forming tools is also applicable to other shaft parts that need to process straight slots, such as splines, motor rotor slots, etc. Under the same input-output ratio, the user investment and floor area are reduced, and the adaptability of the equipment is increased.

Description

CNC horizontal gantry fixed beam cycloidal gear milling machine

technical field

The utility model belongs to the field of advanced manufacturing, and relates to a cycloid gear processing machine tool, in particular to a numerical control horizontal gantry fixed beam cycloid gear milling machine. In particular, it relates to single-index forming milling of cycloidal gears by using a numerically controlled horizontal gantry fixed-beam machine tool. the

Background technique

The hobbing of cycloidal gears by ordinary hobbing machine is the main method of processing cycloidal gears at present, but there are some problems in this method:

1. Cutting with specially designed cycloidal high-speed steel hob is limited by the linear speed of the tool and the rigidity of the machine tool, and the overall hobbing efficiency is low, resulting in the disadvantages of a large number of investment equipment, a large number of operators, and a large floor area. the

2. Due to the limitation of hobbing meshing principle, it is impossible to hob cycloidal gears with a small number of teeth. For cycloidal gears with a small number of teeth, the profiling method is usually used for profiling milling at present, which has low machining accuracy and precision, and requires a large number of profiling profiling models, which is costly. the

3. Hobbing and wet cutting produce soot that pollutes the workshop environment, which is harmful to the health of operators and does not conform to the development direction of green manufacturing. the

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the utility model is to solve the deficiencies in the existing cycloidal gear hobbing process, and to provide a numerically controlled horizontal gantry fixed beam cycloidal gear milling machine. The machine tool adopts air-cooled and dry cutting, uses numerical control device to realize the full automation of the processing process, and can withstand high-efficiency and strong milling. the

The technical scheme of the utility model is as follows:

A CNC horizontal gantry fixed-beam cycloidal gear milling machine, comprising a bed 10, a column 1, a rectangular worktable 16, a fixed beam 2, a milling spindle box 7, a disc milling cutter 8, a vertical rotary indexing workbench 15 and The tail thimble bracket 11, the bed 10 is installed on the foundation, and the upper side of the bed 10 is processed with a "one mountain and one moment" guide rail, which forms a composite sliding guide rail with the guide rail below the rectangular workbench 16. There is an X-axis axial feed system 9 between them, and a T-shaped slot is set above the rectangular worktable 16 for fixing the vertical rotary indexing workbench 15 and the tail thimble support 11, and the two sides of the bed 10 are designed to connect with the foundation The two columns 1, the tops of the two columns 1 are fixed through the fixed beam 2, forming a fixed beam 2 gantry structure, a vertical feed sliding guide rail is provided on the front side of the fixed beam 2, and the milling spindle is connected with the four Z-axis pressure plates 5 The guide rails on the rear side of the box 7 cooperate to form a radial feed rectangular guide rail pair, and a Z-axis radial feed system 3 is arranged between the milling spindle box 7 and the fixed beam 2 . the

Four spindle locking oil cylinders 6 are arranged between the Z-axis pressing plates 5 . the

The spindle box 17 of the milling spindle box 7 adopts an integral casting structure, and various transmission hole systems are processed on the spindle box 17. The main shaft frequency conversion motor 4 is installed on the top of the milling spindle box 7, and the small arc tooth synchronous pulley 20 , arc-toothed synchronous belt 19, large arc-toothed synchronous pulley 18, the torque is transmitted to the first shaft 21; the torque of the first shaft 21 is transmitted to the main shaft through the two-axis transmission system 23, the three-axis transmission system 24, and the four-axis transmission system 25 26, the disc milling cutter 8 is installed on the cutter bar of the main shaft 26, and the motor rotation is transmitted to the disc milling cutter 8 through the above-mentioned transmission shaft system. the

A vertical rotary indexing workbench 15 and a tail thimble support 11 are fixed on the rectangular workbench 16 through a T-shaped slot. The vertical rotary indexing workbench 15 is driven by a servo motor to realize the milling single-tooth indexing. The vertical rotary indexing workbench 15 is fixed with a three-jaw chuck 14 on the T-shaped groove of the face plate for clamping the workpiece. Tail thimble support 11 utilizes built-in oil cylinder to lock workpiece. the

Described disc milling cutter 8 is made up of cutter head 27, blade 28 and cutter holder 29, and blade 28 is fixed on the cutter head 27 by cutter holder 29, and blade 28 adopts machine holder forming and does not regrind coated carbide, and blade shape It is a cycloid, and the formed blade 28 utilizes its own positioning structure to be placed in the slit of the disc milling cutter 8, and is fastened in the slit by the tool holder 29. the

There is an inner hole with a diameter of 90mm in the middle of the tool holder 29, which is connected to the main shaft 26 of the main shaft housing 17, and transmits torque through the end face keys on both sides of the disc milling cutter 8. the

The single-division powerful milling cycloidal gear machine tool involved in the utility model belongs to the numerical control forming milling processing machine tool. The machine tool is controlled by a numerical control device, and is equipped with three servo feed movement axes and a frequency conversion main movement axis. The three feed motions are the axial feed motion along the length of the workpiece, the radial feed motion along the diameter of the workpiece, and the rotary feed motion to achieve single indexing of the workpiece; the main motion drives the disc-shaped forming milling cutter to perform Rotary cutting motion. Both the axial feed motion and the radial feed motion are driven by a linear feed servo system, the tooth division motion uses a rotating worm gear pair for precise single indexing motion, and the main motion is driven by an AC asynchronous frequency conversion motor. the

The utility model adopts a fixed-beam gantry structure. On both sides of the machine tool, two independent columns are fixed to the foundation. The columns adopt a tower structure with honeycomb ribs arranged inside, which have good dynamic and static stiffness characteristics and meet the requirements of strong milling of cycloidal gears. The top of the two columns is connected by a fixed beam. The fixed beam is a composite rectangular structure, and the interior adopts a box-type multi-layer rib. The fixed beam has no kinematic secondary links and has good structural rigidity. High precision and stability in the process. The front of the fixed beam is equipped with a sliding guide rail pair and a bearing support seat, which are used to install the headstock and the feed system that drives the spindle for radial movement. the

The bed of the machine tool is located between the two columns. The interior of the bed uses honeycomb ribs to enhance its dynamic and static rigidity. The upper side of the bed is designed as a "one mountain and one moment" composite sliding guide rail, which not only meets the load-bearing requirements but also meets the precise guidance of the guide rail. targeting requirements. The "one mountain and one moment" guide rail under the rectangular worktable cooperates with the bed, and the axial feed movement of the workpiece is realized under the drive of the servo motor and the ball screw pair; there is a T-shaped slot on the rectangular worktable for fixing the turntable And tail thimble bracket. the

The back of the spindle box is provided with a sliding guide rail surface and the guide rail on the front of the fixed beam to form a radial feed guide rail pair. The side of the guide rail pair adopts inclined iron to adjust the gap, which not only ensures the guiding accuracy of the radial feed movement, but also meets the stability of strong milling; the front of the guide rail pair uses a pressure plate structure to fix the headstock, and bear the overturning force formed by the gravity of the headstock and milling force refuse. When milling cycloidal gears, the tool only moves in the axial direction, but is fixed in the radial direction. The important feature of the radial feed movement of the headstock is that in order to further improve the milling efficiency, the headstock is locked by the hydraulic cylinder during the milling process, and the headstock is pressed against the fixed beam so that the headstock will not bear the heavy load of strong milling. Vibration due to rail gap. The spindle box is driven by the servo motor and the ball screw pair to make a feed motion along the radial direction of the workpiece on the fixed beam, so as to adapt to the milling of workpieces with different diameters. the

The spindle box adopts AC asynchronous variable frequency motor as the power source, and the motor speed is adjusted by the frequency converter to meet the milling line speed requirements under different working conditions. The output torque of the motor is input to the first shaft of the main shaft housing through the arc-toothed synchronous belt and pulley. There are five gears between the first axis of the spindle box and the tool spindle, and the gear pair is used to reduce the speed and increase the torque to meet the high torque requirements of powerful milling. The important feature of the main drive system of the headstock is the use of double-sided transmission and anti-backlash structure, which can effectively reduce transmission noise and improve the surface finish of machining. The interior of the headstock is all driven by helical gears, and the gear on one side of the first shaft is designed as an axial floating gear, which can realize axial floating and transmit torque through a rectangular key. on the anti-backlash cylinder. During the milling process of the spindle box, the floating gear is moved axially through the anti-backlash oil cylinder, and the additional rotational motion of the gear and the constraint relationship of the bilateral transmission are formed by the helical surface principle of the helical gear, effectively eliminating the gear clearance of the main drive inside the gearbox and avoiding It eliminates the nonlinear vibration generated by the main drive system when it is subjected to intermittent strong cutting force, and improves the quality of the machining process. the

The utility model adopts the forming method to process the cycloidal gear, and the used tool is a disc-shaped tool adapted to the sectional shape of the workpiece shaft. The disc cutter adopts a machine-clamped hard alloy coated blade, and the blade is formed in a cycloidal shape, which can be directly processed into a cycloidal tooth shape. The disc cutter sets the overlapping area of the tooth shape at the root of the cycloidal tooth shape, and removes the overlapping area of the blade through subsequent grinding, so that the entire tooth surface end is truncated without sharp points, beautifying the appearance and reducing stress concentration. the

An air-cooling device is equipped above the disc-shaped cutter, which uses compressed air to cool the cutting area and improves the service life of the cutter; and uses wind speed to clean the cutter surface to prevent secondary scratches on the machined surface from sticking iron filings on the cutter surface and improve the milling surface quality . the

The rotary shaft fixed on the front side of the rectangular worktable is used for the single-tooth indexing of the cycloidal gear. The turntable uses a precision normal straight-profile worm gear pair for indexing. It can be driven by a servo motor to achieve arbitrary indexing to meet the needs of different numbers of teeth. Gear processing. After the indexing and positioning of the turntable, it is locked by the hydraulic cylinder to withstand the overturning force of the strong milling process, ensuring accurate indexing and positioning of the workpiece during milling. the

A three-jaw chuck is fixed on the faceplate of the rotary indexing turntable for clamping the end of the workpiece. A thimble device is fixed on the rear side of the rectangular workbench for fixing the other end of the workpiece. According to the inner holes of cycloidal gears of different specifications, the utility model is designed to clamp mandrels accordingly, and fix multiple workpieces on the mandrels at the same time, so as to realize the simultaneous processing of multiple workpieces in one clamping, so as to improve the processing efficiency. the

The beneficial effects of the utility model:

The CNC horizontal gantry fixed-beam cycloidal gear milling machine of the utility model adopts a modular design and a high-rigidity concept designed machine tool can withstand heavy-duty and strong cutting, and cooperate with a special cycloid-inserted hard alloy disc milling cutter, and the cutting speed of the tool can reach 150m/min, greatly improving the processing efficiency. the

The CNC horizontal gantry fixed beam cycloidal gear milling machine of the utility model adopts air-cooled cutting technology, does not generate cutting oil mist, does not need to deal with waste oil, improves the workshop environment, saves the cost of cooling liquid, and conforms to the direction of green and environmental protection manufacturing . Using the principle of form milling, there is no limitation on the number of milling teeth, and cycloidal gears with very small teeth can be processed. the

The CNC horizontal gantry fixed beam cycloidal gear milling machine of the utility model can directly process the tooth profile of the cycloidal gear by using the precision milling forming disc milling cutter, and the forming precision reaches the national standard level 7-8, with high forming precision and excellent surface roughness than the traditional hobbing process. The machine tool can adapt to the milling of cycloidal gears with any diameter within 800mm, and multiple gears can be milled at the same time in one clamping. The comprehensive processing efficiency of the machine tool is 6-8 times higher than that of traditional hobbing. the

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the CNC horizontal gantry fixed beam cycloidal gear milling machine of the present invention. the

Fig. 2 is a side view of the CNC horizontal gantry fixed beam cycloidal gear milling machine of the present invention. the

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the transmission structure of the headstock of the utility model. the

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the disc cutter of the present invention. the

Fig. 5 is a radial sectional view of the disc cutter of the present invention. the

In the figure: 1. Column; 2. Fixed beam; 3. Z-axis radial feed system; 4. Spindle frequency conversion motor; 5. Z-axis pressure plate; 6. Spindle locking cylinder; 7. Milling spindle box; 8. Disk Shape milling cutter; 9. X-axis axial feed system; 10. Bed; 11. End thimble support; 12. Cycloidal gear workpiece; 13. Mandrel clamping; 14. Three-jaw chuck; 15. Vertical Rotary indexing table; 16. Rectangular table; 17. Spindle box; 18. Large arc tooth synchronous belt pulley; 19. Arc tooth synchronous belt; 20. Small arc tooth synchronous pulley; 21. One shaft 22, one-axis pinion; 23, two-axis transmission system; 24, three-axis transmission system; 25, four-axis transmission system; the

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is further described:

As shown in Figure 1, the CNC horizontal gantry fixed beam cycloidal gear milling machine of the present invention consists of a bed 10, a column 1, a rectangular workbench 16, a fixed beam 2, a milling spindle box 7, a disc milling cutter 8, a vertical It is composed of rotary indexing table 15, tail thimble support 11, cooling system, control system and other parts. the

The bed 10 is installed on the foundation, and the upper side of the bed 10 is processed with a "one mountain and one moment" guide rail, which forms a composite sliding guide rail with the guide rail below the rectangular worktable 16, constraining all degrees of freedom except the axial movement of the workpiece. An X-axis axial feed system 9 is provided between the bed 10 and the rectangular worktable 16, and a linear feed servo system is formed by a servo motor, a planetary reducer, a bearing housing and a ball screw pair to meet the axial feeding requirements of the workpiece milling process. Feed movement. A T-shaped slot is provided above the rectangular workbench 16 for fixing the vertical rotary indexing workbench 15 and the end thimble support 11 . the

Two columns 1 connected to the foundation are designed on both sides of the bed 10, and the tops of the two columns 1 are fixedly connected by fixed beams 2 to form a fixed beam 2 gantry structure. A vertical feed sliding guide rail is provided on the front side of the fixed beam 2, and the radial feed rectangular guide rail pair is formed by cooperating with the guide rails on the rear side of the milling headstock 7 through four Z-axis pressing plates 5 . A Z-axis radial feed system 3 is provided between the milling spindle box 7 and the fixed beam 2, and a linear feed servo system is formed by a servo motor, a planetary reducer, a bearing housing and a ball screw pair to meet the diameter of the workpiece during milling. Feed movement. In addition, there are four spindle locking cylinders 6 between the Z-axis pressing plates 5, which are used for locking the workpiece during milling, so as to prevent the vibration of the pressing plate gap caused by strong milling and affect the stability of the cutting process. the

The transmission structure of the spindle box is shown in FIG. 3 . The spindle box 17 of the milling spindle box 7 adopts an integral casting structure, and various transmission hole systems are processed on the spindle box 17 . The main shaft variable frequency motor 4 is installed on the top of the milling spindle box 7, and the torque is transmitted to the first shaft 21 through the small arc tooth synchronous pulley 20, the arc tooth synchronous belt 19, and the large arc tooth synchronous pulley 18; the torque of the first shaft 21 Pass on the main shaft 26 by two-axis transmission system 23, three-axis transmission system 24, four-axis transmission system 25, and disc milling cutter 8 is installed on the cutter bar of main shaft 26. The rotational motion of the motor is transmitted to the disc milling cutter 8 through the above-mentioned transmission shaft system, and the milling cutter is driven by frequency conversion speed regulation and transmission system deceleration to achieve a speed change between 40-170rpm to meet the needs of different cutting conditions. The interior of the spindle box is driven by double-sided gears, and the backlash is eliminated through the oil cylinder to reduce cutting vibration. the

On the rectangular workbench 16, a vertical rotary indexing workbench 15 and a tail thimble support 11 are fixed through a T-shaped slot. The vertical rotary indexing table 15 drives the precision worm gear pair by a servo motor to achieve milling single-tooth indexing. After the indexing is completed, the hydraulic cylinder and the built-in brake pads of the turntable are used to lock to prevent the milling force from causing the meshing backlash vibration of the worm gear pair. A three-jaw chuck 14 is fixed on the T-shaped groove of the faceplate 15 of the vertical rotary indexing workbench, which is used for clamping the workpiece. Tail thimble support 11 utilizes built-in oil cylinder to lock workpiece. the

FIG. 4 is a disc milling cutter for milling cycloidal gears, which consists of a cutter head 27, a blade 28 and a tool holder 29. The blade 28 is fixed on the cutter head 27 by a cutter holder 29 . The blade 28 adopts machine clip forming and does not regrind coated carbide, and the blade shape is a cycloid, which can be directly milled to process the tooth profile. The formed blade 28 utilizes its own positioning structure to be placed in the slit of the disc milling cutter 8, and is fastened in the slit by the tool holder 29. There is an inner hole with a diameter of 90mm in the middle of the tool holder 29, which is connected with the main shaft 26 of the main shaft housing 17, and transmits torque through the end face keys on both sides of the disc milling cutter 8. the

The milling cycloidal gear process of the utility model is as follows: multiple cycloidal gear workpieces 12 are connected in series on the clamping mandrel 13 at the same time and fastened, and the two ends of the clamping mandrel 13 are respectively fixed on the vertical rotary indexing work Between the three-jaw chuck 14 of the stage 15 and the end thimble support 11. Start the spindle of the machine tool to drive the disc cutter to rotate, automatically feed the spindle box to the corresponding position through the CNC radial vertical feed axis according to the diameter of the workpiece, start the CNC axial feed axis for axial feed, and mill multiple workpieces at the same time Cogging in the same position. After milling a tooth slot, make a single tooth through the rotating shaft, and repeat the above action to mill the next tooth slot. Disassemble the workpiece until all tooth spaces have been milled. the

This machine tool has optimized structure, convenient operation, high processing efficiency, suitable for processing with small number of teeth, and high cost performance. It is suitable for processing various batches of cycloidal gears in the cycloidal reducer industry. The replacement of different forming tools is also applicable to other shaft parts that need to process straight slots, such as splines, motor rotor slots, etc. Under the same input-output ratio, the user investment and floor area are reduced, and the adaptability of the equipment is increased. the

The above-mentioned embodiment is only to describe the preferred implementation of the present utility model, not to limit the concept and scope of the present utility model. Various modifications and improvements made in the technical solution should fall within the scope of protection of the utility model, and the technical content claimed in the utility model has been fully recorded in the claims. the

Claims (6)

1. numerical control horizontal gantry Ding Liang cycloid gear milling machine, it is characterized in that comprising lathe bed (10), column (1), rectangular table (16), determine beam (2), milling spindle case (7), disc milling cutter (8), vertical rotating index table (15) and tail thimble support (11), lathe bed (10) is installed on ground, lathe bed (10) upside is processed with " mountain one square " guide rail, composite slide guide rail is formed with the guide rail below rectangular table (16), X-axis axial feeding system (9) is provided with between lathe bed (10) and rectangular table (16), T-slot is offered in rectangular table (16) top, for fixing vertical rotary index table (15) and tail thimble support (11), two columns (1) be connected with ground are designed with in lathe bed (10) both sides, two column (1) tops are connected by determining beam (2), formed and determine beam (2) gantry structure, vertical feed rail plate is provided with in the front side of Ding Liang (2), coordinated by the guide rail of 4 pieces of Z axis pressing plates (5) and milling spindle case (7) rear side and form radial feed rectangular rail pair, Z axis radial feed system (3) is provided with between milling spindle case (7) He Dingliang (2).

2. numerical control horizontal gantry according to claim 1 Ding Liang cycloid gear milling machine, is characterized in that being provided with 4 principal shaft locking oil cylinders (6) between described Z axis pressing plate (5).

3. numerical control horizontal gantry according to claim 1 Ding Liang cycloid gear milling machine, it is characterized in that the main spindle box body (17) of described milling spindle case (7) adopts monoblock cast structure, main spindle box body (17) is processed with each driving hole system, main shaft variable-frequency motor (4) is installed on milling spindle case (7) top, by small arc-shaped toothed timing wheel (20), arc tooth synchronous belt (19), orthodrome toothed timing wheel (18), transfer a torque to an axle (21); One axle (21) moment of torsion is passed on main shaft (26) by two shaft transmission systems (23), three shaft transmission systems (24), four shaft transmission systems (25), disc milling cutter (8) is arranged on the knife bar of main shaft (26), and motor rotary motion is passed on disc milling cutter (8) by above-mentioned drive shaft system.

4. numerical control horizontal gantry according to claim 1 Ding Liang cycloid gear milling machine, it is characterized in that described rectangular table (16) is fixed with vertical rotating index table (15) and tail thimble support (11) by T-slot, vertical rotating index table (15) realizes milling monodentate calibration by the accurate worm gear of driven by servomotor, vertical rotating index table (15) floral disc T-slot is fixed with scroll chuck (14), for clamping work pieces; Tail thimble support (11) utilizes built-in oil cylinder locking workpiece.

5. numerical control horizontal gantry according to claim 1 Ding Liang cycloid gear milling machine, it is characterized in that described disc milling cutter (8) is made up of cutterhead (27), blade (28) and cutter holder (29), blade (28) is fixed on cutterhead (27) by cutter holder (29), blade (28) adopts machine folder shaping throw away coated carbides, tooth shape is cycloid, the blade (28) be shaped utilizes the location structure of self to be placed in disc milling cutter (8) cutter groove, is anchored in cutter groove by cutter holder (29).

6. numerical control horizontal gantry according to claim 5 Ding Liang cycloid gear milling machine, it is characterized in that the endoporus having diameter 90mm in the middle of described cutter holder (29), be connected with the main shaft (26) of main spindle box body (17), and carry out moment of torsion transmission by the straight end-face key of disc milling cutter (8) both sides.