CN204042968U - Pulverized-coal fired boiler digital combustion control and optimization system - Google Patents
Pulverized-coal fired boiler digital combustion control and optimization system Download PDFInfo
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- CN204042968U CN204042968U CN201420113972.7U CN201420113972U CN204042968U CN 204042968 U CN204042968 U CN 204042968U CN 201420113972 U CN201420113972 U CN 201420113972U CN 204042968 U CN204042968 U CN 204042968U
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- Prior art keywords
- coal
- coal dust
- air
- control unit
- pulverized
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 120
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 6
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous Oxide Chemical class [O-][N+]#N GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000205 computational method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003500 flue dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010977 unit operation Methods 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of pulverized-coal fired boiler digital combustion control and optimization system, comprise coal powder distribation leveling control device and burner air-fuel ratio digitlization adjusting device, the coal powder density adjustable plate that coal powder distribation leveling control device comprises the first control unit and is arranged on coal dust flow sensor in every root coal dust carrier pipe, coal powder density sensor, choke valve and is arranged in pulverized coal distributor; First control unit is according to pulverized coal flow speed deviation and mass flow deviation adjusting choke valve and coal dust adjustment plate; Burner air-fuel ratio digitlization adjusting device comprises the second control unit and is arranged on air velocity transducer, the secondary air regulation door in every root secondary blast pipe, second control unit is according to the air-fuel ratio between each burner and deviation, and adjustment choke valve, coal dust adjust plate and secondary air regulation door.The utility model, by the Reasonable adjustment of coal powder distribation leveling and secondary air flow, achieves the Digital Control of coal powder boiler combustion process, optimizes boiler combustion process.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to large coal-fired power plant pulverized-coal fired boiler, is specifically related to pulverized-coal fired boiler digital combustion control and optimization system.
Background technology
The digital combustion control of pulverized-coal fired boiler and optimization are the important technology approach realizing energy saving for power plants reduction of discharging.For large coal powder boiler, in operation, whether the distribution of Pulverized Coal is even, and whether first and second air distribution is reasonable, will directly have influence on the economy of unit operation, security and Environmental Protection Level.Due to the complexity of process of coal combustion in Boiler Furnace, operations staff can only carry out firing optimization according to the operating experience of oneself long term accumulation.
Nowadays, domestic large electric power plant generating set is typically equipped with DCS (Distributed Control System, dcs), though DCS improves the automatization level of boiler operatiopn, lack optimization boiler combustion being run to air distribution, coal blending mode.Be mainly reflected in:
(1) the every platform coal pulverizer of pulverized-coal fired boiler is all furnished with 4 ~ 8 coal burners usually, because pulverized-coal fired boiler is in running, the pulverized coal mass flow of every coal burner input may change and be not quite similar, therefore, need the pulverized coal mass flow regulating every coal burner in real time, and the deviation ensureing between each coal burner of every platform coal pulverizer be no more than ± 10%, coal powder distribation leveling that Here it is.But, pulverized coal mass flow can be measured by direct-on-line owing to there is no instrument, therefore, the current common practice is: under cold conditions operating mode, replace coal dust to carry out distributing the demarcation of leveling with air, then with the adjustment air velocity of adjustable contraction baffle plate, this distribution leveling mode may cause quite high distribution deviation, reach as high as ± 30 ~ ± 50%, not only affect the safe operation of boiler, be also unfavorable for the discharge reducing coal consumption and pollutant.
(2) existing Secondary Air controls is control as feedback quantity according to the oxygen content in boiler tail flue gas, pulverized coal mass flow not for each coal burner carries out accurate adjustment, that is cannot control the excess air coefficient of each burner, therefore the accuracy of secondary air distribution is not high, thus cause coal dust firing not reach optimum efficiency, efficiency is lower, and then affects the security of pulverized-coal fired boiler, economy and the feature of environmental protection.
As can be seen here, improving the optimized control method of combustion of existing pulverized-coal fired boiler, to improve the efficiency of coal dust firing further, make that pulverized-coal fired boiler is reliable, safety, to run economically, is the task of top priority of current coal fired power generation industry.
Utility model content
Technical problem to be solved in the utility model is that the combustion control mode solving existing pulverized-coal fired boiler cannot improve the efficiency of coal dust firing further and reduce the problem of discharged nitrous oxides concentration.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the utility model adopts is to provide a kind of pulverized-coal fired boiler digital combustion control and optimization system, comprises coal powder distribation leveling control device and burner air-fuel ratio digitlization adjusting device,
The coal powder density adjustable plate that described coal powder distribation leveling control device comprises the first control unit and is arranged on coal dust flow sensor in every root coal dust carrier pipe, coal powder density sensor, choke valve and is arranged in pulverized coal distributor; Described coal dust flow sensor comprises first, second sensor being arranged on coal dust carrier pipe upstream and downstream, obtains described coal dust flow velocity according to first, second sensor detection signal described, and sends described first control unit to; Described coal powder density sensor comprises and is arranged on Microwave emission sensor in coal dust carrier pipe and microwave receiving sensor, and the detection signal according to Microwave emission sensor and microwave receiving sensor obtains coal powder density, and sends described first control unit to; Described first control unit can adjust the angle of the aperture of the choke valve in each coal dust carrier pipe and the coal dust adjustment plate of each coal dust carrier pipe porch in real time;
Described burner air-fuel ratio digitlization adjusting device comprises the second control unit and the air velocity transducer that is arranged in every root secondary blast pipe and secondary air regulation door, described air velocity transducer detects the Secondary Air flow velocity obtained in secondary blast pipe in real time, and sending described second control unit to, described second control unit can adjust the aperture of the choke valve of every root coal dust carrier pipe, each coal dust adjustment angle of plate and the aperture of each burner secondary air regulation door in real time.
The utility model, by the Reasonable adjustment of coal powder distribation leveling and first and second air quantity, accurately control the air-fuel ratio of every coal burner, achieve digital combustion control and the optimization of pulverized-coal fired boiler, substantially increase the efficiency of coal dust firing, make that pulverized-coal fired boiler is reliable, safety, to run economically, decrease exhaust emissions, energy-conserving and environment-protective.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present utility model.
Detailed description of the invention
The pulverized-coal fired boiler digital combustion control that the utility model provides and optimization system, by the Reasonable adjustment of coal powder distribation leveling and first and second air quantity, accurately control the air-fuel ratio of every coal burner, substantially increase the efficiency of coal dust firing, below in conjunction with specification drawings and specific embodiments, the utility model is described in detail.
The pulverized-coal fired boiler digital combustion control that the utility model provides and optimization system, comprise coal powder distribation leveling control device and burner air-fuel ratio digitlization adjusting device.
As shown in Figure 1, the coal powder distribation leveling control device coal powder density adjustable plate 13 that comprises the first control unit 11 and be arranged on coal dust flow sensor in every root coal dust carrier pipe 10, coal powder density sensor 16, choke valve 12 and be arranged in pulverized coal distributor.
Coal dust flow sensor is made up of first, second sensor 14,15, is separately positioned on the upstream and downstream of coal dust carrier pipe 10, and first, second sensor 14,15 detects in real time and obtains every root coal dust carrier pipe T
jiinterior coal dust flow velocity V
ji, and send the first control unit to.
Coal powder density sensor 16 is by being arranged on coal dust carrier pipe T
jiinterior Microwave emission sensor and microwave receiving sensor composition, the two accessible site is integrated.Coal powder density sensor 16 detects in real time and obtains every root coal dust carrier pipe T
jiinterior coal powder density C
ji, and send the first control unit to.
First control unit is provided with the first comparison module and the first control module.
First comparison module is according to every root coal dust carrier pipe T
jiinterior coal dust flow velocity V
jiwith pulverized coal mass flow Q
jiobtain the pulverized coal flow speed deviation between each coal dust carrier pipe and pulverized coal mass flow deviation.
First control module sends the first control signal according to the pulverized coal flow speed deviation between each coal dust carrier pipe and pulverized coal mass flow deviation, and the aperture of the choke valve 12 in real time in each coal dust carrier pipe of adjustment and the angle of each coal dust adjustment plate 13, make each coal dust carrier pipe T
jiinterior coal dust flow velocity V
jideviation is less than ± and 5%, each coal dust carrier pipe T simultaneously
jiinterior pulverized coal mass flow Q
jideviation is less than ± and 10%.
Wherein, every root coal dust carrier pipe T
jipulverized coal mass flow Q
ji=fine coal concentration C
ji× coal dust flow velocity V
ji× coal dust carrier pipe cross-sectional area S
ji, j=1 ~ m, m are the number of coal burner, the quantity of the coal pulverizer that i=1 ~ n, n join for every platform boiler.
By being arranged on coal dust carrier pipe T
jifirst, second sensor of upstream and downstream obtains coal dust flow velocity V
jimethod as follows:
First, second random signal that coal dust produces by electrostatic in flow process is obtained respectively by first, second sensor;
Employing crosscorrelation computational methods obtain the time difference T between first, second random signal described
ji;
According to V
ji=L
ji/ T
jiobtain described coal dust flow velocity V
ji, wherein: L
jifor the distance on corresponding coal dust carrier pipe between first, second sensor.
By being arranged on coal dust carrier pipe T
jiinterior Microwave emission sensor and microwave receiving sensor, adopt microwave resonance measuring principle, obtain described coal powder density C
jimethod as follows:
Measure coal dust carrier pipe T
jithere is no the resonant frequency f1 of the microwave signal under pulverized coal conveying state
ji;
Measure coal dust carrier pipe T
jithe resonant frequency f2 of microwave signal under pulverized coal conveying state
ji;
According to C
ji=△ f × k calculates described coal powder density C
ji, wherein: C
jifor coal powder density; △ f is resonant frequency variable quantity, △ f=f1-f2; K is frequency concentration factor, and k is frequency concentration factor, carries out demarcation in advance obtain according to coal dust flow velocity, coal powder density and f1 and f2 in the raw coal input quantity of coal pulverizer, each coal dust carrier pipe to coal pulverizer.
As follows by the method for coal pulverizer spot frequency concentration factor k:
(1) by belt conveyor evenly to coal pulverizer coal supply, and claim to measure the raw coal input quantity M of a period of time (as 10 minutes) interior i-th coal pulverizer by the belt on belt conveyor
i;
(2) the coal dust flow velocity V of this coal pulverizer every root coal dust carrier pipe is measured
jiwith corresponding resonant frequency f1
ji, resonant frequency f2
ji;
(3) according to formula:
calculate k value, S
jifor the sectional area of coal dust carrier pipe.
Burner air-fuel ratio digitlization adjusting device comprises the second control unit 21 and is arranged on air velocity transducer and secondary air regulation door 23 in every root secondary blast pipe 20, air velocity transducer in secondary blast pipe 20 is identical with coal dust flow velocity sensor construction, is also made up of two electrostatic signal sensors.Air velocity transducer detects the Secondary Air flow velocity obtained in secondary blast pipe in real time, and sends the second control unit to.
Second control unit is provided with the second comparison module and the second control module.
Second comparison module obtains every coal burner (current secondary air quantity A2 of burner 1,2,3 and 40 according to Secondary Air flow velocity
ji, then, according to current secondary air quantity A2
ji, coal dust input quantity Q
jiwith the air content A1 in First air
jiobtain the air-fuel ratio deviation between each burner, make the air-fuel ratio deviation often organized between burner be less than ± 10%.The deviation between the air-fuel ratio of every burner and setting value is obtained according to the oxygen amount in unburned carbon in flue dust, tail flue gas and carbonomonoxide concentration variation tendency.
Obtain current secondary air quantity A2
jimethod is as follows:
According to formula
calculate the air content A1 in the real-time First air of every coal burner
ji; In formula: V
jifor coal dust flow velocity in every root coal dust carrier pipe, A1
ifor every platform coal pulverizer air distribution total amount, AM
ifor the sealing air total amount of every platform coal pulverizer;
Detect according to air velocity transducer and the secondary air flow A2 of the single burner calculated
ji, calculate the air-fuel ratio AF of every coal burner
ji=(A1
ji+ A2
ji)/F
ji, wherein F
jifor the pulverized coal mass flow of every burner.
Second control module sends the second control signal according to the air-fuel ratio deviation between each burner, in real time the aperture of the secondary air regulation door 23 of the corresponding coal burner of adjustment, make the air-fuel ratio deviation corresponding to every platform coal pulverizer between coal burner be less than ± 10%.And according to the deviation between the air-fuel ratio of every burner and optimum setting value, send the 3rd control signal, the aperture of the choke valve 12 of real-time adjustment every root coal dust carrier pipe, each coal dust adjustment angle of plate 13 and the aperture of secondary air regulation door 23, make the air-fuel ratio of each burner reach optimum setting value, optimize the air-fuel ratio of each burner.
Outstanding advantages of the present utility model is embodied in the following aspects:
(1) the accurate leveling of the coal powder distribation of coal pulverizer is achieved.Pulverized-coal fired boiler utilizes unit pulverized-coal system to provide coal dust for coal burner usually, and the quantity often organizing burner corresponding to every platform coal pulverizer is 4 ~ 8, as burner 1,2,3 and 4.According to design specification and standard, each group burner between pulverized coal mass flow distribute deviation be less than ± 10%.Determine that the principal element of coal powder distribation deviation has flow resistance deviation between coal dust carrier pipe, coal powder density deviation, fineness of pulverized coal and a coal-air ratio.After fineness of pulverized coal and a coal-air ratio reach prescribed limit, coal powder distribation leveling will be carried out by regulating coal dust flow velocity and concentration.The utility model, by implementing monitoring to the direct-on-line of coal powder density and coal dust flow velocity, and utilize full-automatic choke valve and full automatic pulverized coal concentration adjusting device automatically to regulate, making coal powder density and coal dust flow velocity all be controlled in effective deviation, laying the foundation for improving Combustion Efficiency of Coal Powder.
(2) adjustment of burner air-fuel ratio has considered the change of primary air flow.At present, the Main Basis that secondary air flow regulates is the oxygen content in boiler tail flue gas.But the main parameter affecting combustion efficiency is excess air coefficient, i.e. air-fuel ratio.The utility model, achieve the accurate-metering to each burner air-fuel ratio, thus accurately can control secondary air flow, ensure the excess air coefficient uniformity often organized between burner, which thereby enhance the efficiency of combustion of coal dust, and reduce the discharge capacity of nitrogen oxide.
The utility model is not limited to above-mentioned preferred forms, and anyone should learn the structure change made under enlightenment of the present utility model, and every have identical or close technical scheme with the utility model, all falls within protection domain of the present utility model.
Claims (1)
1. pulverized-coal fired boiler digital combustion control and optimization system, is characterized in that, comprises coal powder distribation leveling control device and burner air-fuel ratio digitlization adjusting device,
The coal powder density adjustable plate that described coal powder distribation leveling control device comprises the first control unit and is arranged on coal dust flow sensor in every root coal dust carrier pipe, coal powder density sensor, choke valve and is arranged in pulverized coal distributor; Described coal dust flow sensor comprises first, second sensor being arranged on coal dust carrier pipe upstream and downstream, obtains described coal dust flow velocity according to first, second sensor detection signal described, and sends described first control unit to; Described coal powder density sensor comprises and is arranged on Microwave emission sensor in coal dust carrier pipe and microwave receiving sensor, and the detection signal according to Microwave emission sensor and microwave receiving sensor obtains coal powder density, and sends described first control unit to; Described first control unit can adjust the angle of the aperture of the choke valve in each coal dust carrier pipe and the coal dust adjustment plate of each coal dust carrier pipe porch in real time;
Described burner air-fuel ratio digitlization adjusting device comprises the second control unit and the air velocity transducer that is arranged in every root secondary blast pipe and secondary air regulation door, described air velocity transducer detects the Secondary Air flow velocity obtained in secondary blast pipe in real time, and sending described second control unit to, described second control unit can adjust the aperture of the choke valve of every root coal dust carrier pipe, each coal dust adjustment angle of plate and the aperture of each burner secondary air regulation door in real time.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420113972.7U CN204042968U (en) | 2014-03-13 | 2014-03-13 | Pulverized-coal fired boiler digital combustion control and optimization system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420113972.7U CN204042968U (en) | 2014-03-13 | 2014-03-13 | Pulverized-coal fired boiler digital combustion control and optimization system |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN204042968U true CN204042968U (en) | 2014-12-24 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420113972.7U Expired - Lifetime CN204042968U (en) | 2014-03-13 | 2014-03-13 | Pulverized-coal fired boiler digital combustion control and optimization system |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110822471A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-02-21 | 国惠环保新能源有限公司 | System and method for determining total air volume of boiler combustion system |
| CN111686918A (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2020-09-22 | 上海卡山科技股份有限公司 | Coal powder concentration leveling device and leveling method |
| CN113834093A (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2021-12-24 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Boiler oxygen content wide load optimization control system |
-
2014
- 2014-03-13 CN CN201420113972.7U patent/CN204042968U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110822471A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-02-21 | 国惠环保新能源有限公司 | System and method for determining total air volume of boiler combustion system |
| CN111686918A (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2020-09-22 | 上海卡山科技股份有限公司 | Coal powder concentration leveling device and leveling method |
| CN113834093A (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2021-12-24 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Boiler oxygen content wide load optimization control system |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term | ||
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |
Granted publication date: 20141224 |