Pulverized coal channel wind and powder on-line leveling method
Technical field
The invention belongs to boiler combustion optimization regulation technology field, and be based under the adjustment of accurately measuring, installing adjustable contraction and pulverized coal flow balance valve system to coal pipe coal powder density and primary air velocity, regulate the wind powder balance of pulverized coal channel, optimize coal-air ratio.
Background technology
The unit pulverized-coal system that modern large sized unit is generally applied, the distribution of wind speed in the pulverized coal channel that each burner is corresponding, the distribution of pulverized coal flow and harmony have vital impact to the security of stove combustion, economy, the feature of environmental protection.
But it is current, the supervision measuring point of Large Copacity unit pulverized-coal system is only confined to First air total amount, enters the measurement of the coal dust total amount of every platform coal pulverizer, how the what state of each First air pipeline corresponding to single burner or fuzzy is entered for the coal dust exporting out from coal pulverizer, cannot measure, coal dust can only be given tacit consent to and tend to balance.But the result of the test of thermal test to pulverized coal channel shows, the coal powder density distribution in four, five pulverized coal channels that the outlet of coal pulverizer is corresponding is extremely unbalanced, even may exceed ± the deviation of 30%.This also exists unit operation and has a strong impact on, along with improving constantly power station index request, coal powder distribation is uneven give power plant economy, the feature of environmental protection brings serious restriction, is energy-saving and emission-reduction task problem demanding prompt solution.
And mainly there is following problem in pulverized coal channel wind, powder leveling at present:
1. coal powder distribation exists unbalanced
Because First air pipeline on-way resistance is uneven, coal pulverizer exit pipeline pressure reduction is different, and the distribution entering pulverized coal channel through coal pulverizer outlet at coal dust will produce deviation, even reach ± more than 30%.Not only if coal dust skewness adds that secondary air distribution affects, very likely occur that high coal powder density runs into the situation that low secondary air flow or low coal powder density run into high secondary air flow, can the efficiency of boiler combustion be reduced and but also increase NOx generation amount.
Meanwhile, coal dust needs through channel bend before arriving burner, can form rope form pulverized coal flow, and especially in coal pulverizer performance state decline situation, fineness of pulverized coal increases, and the rope form that coal dust occurs fails to be convened for lack of a quorum more serious.The coal powder density distribution entering burner like this will be very uneven, has a negative impact to flame holding and combustion distribution.
2. the measurement of pulverized coal channel lacks advanced on-line measurement means
At present, the coal powder density of pulverized coal channel and primary air velocity generally lack effective on-line monitoring, and the mode that the distribution situation in pulverized coal channel still relies on coal dust to sample is measured, and use sampling gun constant speed in pulverized coal channel to extract sample, weight method is weighed, and obtains the mass flow that coal dust is relative.This metering system is not method conventional in on-the-spot operation, but just adopts when unit thermal test.Measure manpower and the time of pulverized coal flow process need at substantial.Testing crew also has impact to the accuracy of measurement result to the operation of equipment, the selection of sample point.
The measurement of primary air velocity generally uses backing tube, and accuracy of measurement is low, demarcates complicated, and survey bureau is limited to cold conditions and measures, larger with the real data deviation of hot operation.
Along with the development of burning optimization technology, there is higher requirement to the real-time of coal powder density and this parameter of primary air velocity and accuracy, need the online pulverized coal flow monitoring system of configuration.Measuring system is while the requirement meeting certainty of measurement, and safe and reliable again, maintenance is little.
3. pulverized coal channel lacks leveling means
The pulverized coal preparation system of boiler is all generally that one group of four or five coal pipe is put in a grinding-in, every corresponding burner of coal pipe.The object of coal dust leveling is the deviation of adjustment coal dust flow velocity, improves coal powder density harmony, accomplishes that the coal powder density of single coal pipe is evenly distributed, and coal-air ratio is tending towards the effect optimized.But such adjustment target needs necessary regulating measure, be difficult to realize with regard to current equipment state.So carry out necessary scrap build, increase shrinkage cavity and pulverized coal flow balance regulating valve are effective modification schemes, can realize the effective adjustment to Dual-Phrase Distribution of Gas olid in coal pipe like this, in conjunction with the diagnosis of monitoring equipment, realize wind, powder leveling.The concentration of pulverized coal finally realizing each burner is evenly distributed, coal-air ratio optimization.
Along with the development and improvement of burning optimization technology, the conditioning equipment increasing advanced monitoring system and necessity has been the necessary condition that burning optimization deeply carries out.Advanced monitoring system provides primary air distribution data more accurately and reliably can to burning optimization strategy.Coal dust leveling then under the diagnosis of monitoring system, can regulate primary air velocity, coal powder density accurately, and the wind more balanced, powder distribute, for burning optimization provides necessary precondition.So the accurate leveling technology of coal pipe integrates the committed step of burning optimization technology, belongs to the core content of burning optimization regulation technology.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problems referred to above that prior art exists, the present invention is in scrap build and the accurate basis measured, use the flow principles of Dual-Phrase Distribution of Gas olid, by changing pulverized coal channel along journey flow resistance and the necessary coal dust blocked flow change of increase, adjustment primary air velocity balance, the basis of primary air velocity balance adjusts coal powder density distribution equilibrium, finally realize the crucial leveling that burning optimization regulates, namely First air, powder balance, provide the basis of Optimum Operation, ensure the realization of consumption reduction and emission reduction effect.
For realizing the object of the invention, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
A kind of pulverized coal channel wind and powder on-line leveling method, is characterized in that, said method comprising the steps of:
(1) at each pulverized coal channel, adjustable contraction is installed, along coal dust flow direction, pulverized coal flow on-line monitoring system is installed on the pulverized coal channel in adjustable contraction downstream, each pulverized coal channel in coal pulverizer exit installs pulverized coal flow balanced valve;
(2) under unit cold conditions environment, the primary air velocity deviation in coal pipe is measured by pulverized coal flow on-line monitoring system, when primary air velocity deviation be greater than ± 5% time, repeatedly adjust the adjustable contraction in described pulverized coal channel, until unit cold conditions environment next time wind speed deviation be not more than ± 5% time, terminate the adjustment of the adjustable contraction under unit cold conditions environment;
(3) under the hot environment of unit, the primary air velocity deviation in pulverized coal channel is measured by pulverized coal flow on-line detecting system, when primary air velocity deviation be still greater than ± 5% time, repeatedly finely tune the adjustable contraction in described pulverized coal channel, until the hot environment of unit next time wind speed deviation be not more than ± 5% time, terminate the fine setting of the adjustable contraction under unit hot environment;
(4) under the hot environment of unit, when primary air velocity deviation be not more than ± 5% time, measured the coal powder density deviation in pulverized coal channel by pulverized coal flow on-line detecting system;
(5) when coal powder density deviation measured in step (4) be greater than ± 10% time, in units of separate unit coal pulverizer, by the coal powder density in the upper pulverized coal channel of pulverized coal flow balance adjustment valve regulation every platform mill, until when coal powder density deviation is within ± 10%, the adjustment of coal powder density is terminated.
The present invention can obtain good pulverized coal flow distributed effect, such that the coal powder density between each coal pipe is tending towards balanced, primary air velocity distribution bias reduces in ± 5% scope, for boiler combustion optimization technology deeply carry out good precondition is provided.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the installation block diagram of pulverized coal flow balanced valve on pulverized coal channel;
Fig. 2 is pulverized coal flow on-line measurement system mounting structure;
Fig. 3 is pulverized coal channel wind and powder on-line leveling method flow chart.
Detailed description of the invention
Below according to Figure of description, in conjunction with the preferred embodiments technical scheme of the present invention is further described.
Fig. 1 is the installation block diagram of pulverized coal flow balance regulating valve on pulverized coal channel.But pulverized coal flow balance regulating valve can improve coal powder distribation not hinder coal dust to flow, and the flow resistance of increase is less.The design of pulverized coal flow balance regulating valve is an example design, and customized according to different power plant pipe characteristic, when being positioned at pulverized coal channel radial direction with pulverized coal flow balance regulating valve, defining its angle is 0 degree, and aperture is minimum.With pulverized coal flow balance regulating valve perpendicular to pulverized coal channel radial direction, that is, when being parallel to pulverized coal channel axis, defining its angle is 90 degree, and aperture is the highest.Pulverized coal flow balance regulating valve can adjust between 0-90 degree, and there is abrasion-resistant material on its surface, and service life at least can ensure more than an overhaul life.This is actually the pipeline transformation process of pulverized coal channel, carries out pipeline modification at the coal pulverizer port of export, installs pulverized coal flow balance regulating valve additional, and balance coal pulverizer outlet conduit pressure reduction, beats and spread coal dust rope stream, the distribution of balance coal powder density.
Fig. 2 pulverized coal flow on-line measurement system is installed.On-line measurement system is electrostatic charge method coal dust flow velocity, the online accurate measuring systems of concentration.Accurate measuring systems adopts the electrostatic load detection device of non-insertion, what checkout gear adopted is known technology, coiled structure, alternating current load is detected by the annular sensor that a row is embedded on short tube inner surface, be arranged on one section of straight length of power transportation pipe, position is after coal dust flowing downstream direction adjustable contraction, flow development length is at least more than 3 times of caliber, in order to ensure measurement accuracy, reduce interference, the particularly interference of the flow-disturbing effect of shrinkage cavity, determine in technology mount scheme, in the position of the close burner of each coal dust arm of coal pulverizer, a pulverized coal flow on-line measurement system is respectively installed, straight-run of pipe road is needed during installation, the length requirement of straight pipeline is more than three times of pipe diameter.Pulverized coal flow on-line measurement system substitutes a segment pipe, is connected with original pipeline by flange, can install by finishing equipment during unit light maintenance.
Online accurate measuring systems can measure coal powder density distribution and coal dust flow velocity accurately, cooperates, just can report out being transferred to each ducted pulverized coal mass flow accurately together with weighing coal feeder, provides reference to the coal-air ratio controlling each burner.
Fig. 3 is pulverized coal channel wind, powder leveling method flow chart.Adopt the coal dust distributed data obtained in pulverized coal flow on-line monitoring system, comprehensive adjustment scheme is taked to the leveling of primary air velocity and coal powder density.Adjustment order is the progressive leveling first carrying out primary air velocity, and carry out the comprehensive leveling of coal powder density on this basis, leveling process take online monitoring data as leveling diagnosis basis.The wind of pulverized coal channel, the online leveling of powder are carried out under the hot environment of unit, compensate for the deviation of cold conditions leveling.Pulverized coal channel wind and powder on-line leveling method of the present invention comprises the following steps:
(1) technically require that adjustable contraction will be installed on each pulverized coal channel, installation position selection straight-run of pipe section, and elbow position will be avoided.Test adjustable contraction after installation, the change that can realize aperture 100% to 0%.The effect of adjustable contraction in wind, the online leveling of powder is leveling primary air velocity.Adjustable contraction is all installed additional in general power plant, checks installation site, does not just need to repeat to install if available.
(2) installation of pulverized coal flow on-line monitoring system.Pulverized coal flow on-line monitoring system is arranged on straight-run of pipe fragment position place, is preferably mounted at pulverized coal channel straight length starting point place and starts the position that length reaches caliber three times, and is be positioned at along coal dust flow direction on the pulverized coal channel in adjustable contraction downstream.Pulverized coal flow on-line monitoring system, for measuring coal powder density and primary air velocity, is the coal dust distributed parameter in wind, the online leveling of powder.Pulverized coal flow balanced valve is preferably mounted on each pulverized coal channel in coal pulverizer exit, guarantees break up rope stream pulverized coal flow and realize best regulating effect.Be 0 degree of aperture with radial position, the adjustable range of pulverized coal flow balanced valve is 0-90 degree.
(3) under unit cold conditions environment, the primary air velocity deviation in coal pipe is measured by pulverized coal flow on-line monitoring system, obtain pulverized coal flow distribution on line situation, when primary air velocity deviation be greater than ± 5% time, repeatedly adjust the adjustable contraction in described pulverized coal channel, until unit cold conditions environment next time wind speed deviation be not more than ± 5% time, terminate the adjustment of the adjustable contraction under unit cold conditions environment.In adjustment, first, the adjustable contraction in each pulverized coal channel is adjusted by 100% aperture the maximum adjustable contraction aperture of primary air velocity speed deviation; Once monitor primary air velocity change after adjustment again, continue the adjustable contraction aperture that the new primary air velocity deviation of adjustment is maximum.Each adjustable contraction is adjusted repeatedly, until primary air velocity deviation adjustment in cold air condition within ± 5% terminates.
(4) under the hot environment of unit, the primary air velocity deviation in pulverized coal channel is measured by pulverized coal flow on-line detecting system, when primary air velocity deviation be still greater than ± 5% time, repeatedly finely tune the adjustable contraction in described pulverized coal channel, until the hot environment of unit next time wind speed deviation be not more than ± 5% time, terminate the fine setting of the adjustable contraction under unit hot environment.
(5) under the hot environment of unit, when primary air velocity deviation be not more than ± 5% time, measured the coal powder density deviation in pulverized coal channel by pulverized coal flow on-line detecting system.
(6) under the hot environment of unit, primary air velocity deviation within ± 5%, coal powder density deviation is greater than ± 10% time, in units of separate unit coal pulverizer, by the coal powder density in the upper pulverized coal channel of pulverized coal flow balance adjustment valve regulation every platform mill.Be 0 degree with pipeline radial direction, before regulating, the position of pulverized coal flow balance regulating valve is all arranged on 90 degree of positions, and on this position, the impact of control valve on coal powder density is minimum.According to monitoring parameter, observe the change of coal powder density, from the pipeline that coal powder density deviation is maximum, regulate pulverized coal flow balanced valve, regulate direction to be regulate from 90 degree to 0 degree direction, until coal powder density deviation is within ± 10%, adjustment terminates.It should be noted that the adjustment of coal powder density in sometimes adjustment process also can cause the fluctuation of primary air velocity, at this time according to situation of change, to the directional trim that control valve carries out to a certain degree.
In sum, the present invention is on reforming equipment and the standby basis of monitoring system, and the leveling test of pulverized coal channel can be carried out on the basis having monitoring auscultation and regulating measure.This wind, powder leveling technology comprise the leveling of unit cold conditions and hot two aspects, and the adjustment in cold air condition of comparing thermal test in the past substantially increases flexibility and the Adjustment precision of adjustment.And after wind, powder leveling, primary air flow can reconfigure, and reduces primary air velocity in rational scope, air quantity can realize, so just effectively optimize coal-air ratio, boiler efficiency is improved on the basis of Secondary Air configuration optimization and reduces NOx emission.
In wind, powder accurate leveling system, pulverized coal flow balanced valve adopts hardwire to realize communication, and valve is magnetic valve, on-line automatic adjustment balanced valve compass screen surface angle, and Adjustment effect is obvious; The online accurate measuring systems of coal dust flow velocity, concentration adopts ModBusTCP to realize communication, and wind speed, measurement of concetration are accurate, and other parameters of real-time monitoring system can be coordinated to realize comprehensive analysis.The unit grinding five coal pipes for six mills, every platform is example, and concrete configuration is as follows:
30 cover pulverized coal flow balance regulating valves, each duct arrangement is a set of;
30 cover coal dust flow velocitys, the online accurate measuring systems of concentration, each coal pipe straight length configuration is a set of.
An interface message processor (IMP), receives for online monitoring data;
A publisher server, can share with other performance datas of burning optimization, for statistics and issue pulverized coal channel wind powder user display interface.