Utility model content
The utility model provides a kind of Three-in-one miniature intelligent power distribution control system, be intended to solve battery life short, do not possess length of run monitoring function, energy unloading weak effect, problem that wind-powered electricity generation photovoltaic utilization rate of electrical is low.
The utility model realizes like this, a kind of Three-in-one miniature intelligent power distribution control system, this intelligent miniature power distribution control system comprises civil power input module, wind power generation input module, photovoltaic generation input module, switching over module, inversion module, control module, cross charge and discharge protection module, first relay, second relay, message output module, batteries and indicating lamp module, described civil power input module, the respective output of wind power generation input module and photovoltaic generation input module connects the input of described switching over module respectively, the output of described switching over module connects the described input of the first relay and the input of inversion module, the output of described first relay connects described charge and discharge protection module input and inversion module input excessively respectively, the described charge-discharge end crossed charge and discharge protection module output and connect described batteries, the charge-discharge end of described batteries is through the described input crossed charge and discharge protection module and connect described second relay, the output of described second relay connects the input of described inversion module, described control module sampling end connects described wind power generation input module respectively, photovoltaic generation input module and batteries, described control module connects described switching over module respectively, cross charge and discharge protection module, first relay and the second relay, described control module connects described indicating lamp module, the output of described control module connects the input of described message output module.
Further technical scheme of the present utility model is: this intelligent miniature power distribution control system also comprises the monitor supervision platform of far-end, and described monitor supervision platform adopts server, and described server end connects described message output module output by data communication.
Further technical scheme of the present utility model is: described civil power input module comprises input wires terminal, civil power pressure unit and rectification unit, described input wires terminal upper end connects civil power, described input wires terminal lower end connects the input of described civil power pressure unit, and the output of described civil power pressure unit connects the input of described rectification unit.
Further technical scheme of the present utility model is: described wind power generation input module comprises wind-driven generator, wind-powered electricity generation pressure unit, unloading unit, driver element and wind-powered electricity generation rectification unit, the voltage output end of described wind-driven generator connects the described input of wind-powered electricity generation pressure unit and the input of unloading unit respectively, the output of described wind-powered electricity generation pressure unit connects the input of described wind-powered electricity generation rectification unit, the control end of described unloading unit connects described control module, and described driver element output connects described wind-powered electricity generation rectification unit control end.
Further technical scheme of the present utility model is: described photovoltaic generation input module comprises solar panel and voltage regulation unit, and the output of described solar panel connects the input of described voltage regulation unit.
Further technical scheme of the present utility model is: described switching over module comprises civil power input switch unit, wind-force electric energy switch element and photovoltaic generation switch element.
Further technical scheme of the present utility model is: described control module comprises wind-powered electricity generation voltage sampling unit, wind-powered electricity generation charge current sample unit, photovoltaic voltage sampling unit, photovoltaic charged current sampling unit, accumulator battery voltage sampling unit and monitoring means.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are: adopt two-way power conversion circuit to export, wind-driven generator exports and solar panel output is carried out separately controlling, and both do not interfere with each other, when wherein break down in a road, do not affect the work on another road, ensure that the stability of intelligent control system; By voltage, current detection technology, can the charging voltage of Real-Time Monitoring batteries and charging current, adjustment charges, guarantee the useful life of batteries, intelligent control system adopts advanced light radiation sensing technology, ultrasonic wind speed detection technique, differential voltage detection technique to realize the real-time monitoring of the operational factors such as wind speed power, solar radiation intensity, battery tension situation, burden requirement based on the supervisory layers of ARM microprocessor chip, possess PWM(pulse-width modulation) electrodeless unloading, improves solar energy and wind-force efficiency.
Embodiment
Reference numeral: 2-photovoltaic generation input module 3-civil power input module 4-first relay 5-second relay 6-inversion module 7-crosses charge and discharge protection module 8-batteries 9-indicating lamp module 10-switching over module 11-control module 12-message output module 13-monitor supervision platform 101-wind-force electric energy switch element 102-photovoltaic generation switch element 103-civil power input switch unit 201-wind-driven generator 202-wind-powered electricity generation pressure unit 203-wind-powered electricity generation rectification unit 204-driver element 205-unloading unit
Fig. 1 shows the Three-in-one miniature intelligent power distribution control system that the utility model provides, this intelligent miniature power distribution control system comprises civil power input module 3, wind power generation input module 20, photovoltaic generation input module 2, switching over module 10, inversion module 6, control module 11, cross charge and discharge protection module 7, first relay 4, second relay 5, message output module 12, batteries 8 and indicating lamp module 9, described civil power input module 3, the respective output of wind power generation input module 20 and photovoltaic generation input module 2 connects the input of described switching over module 10 respectively, the output of described switching over module 10 connects the described input of the first relay 4 and the input of inversion module 6, the output connection of described first relay 4 is described crosses charge and discharge protection module 7 input, the described charge-discharge end crossed charge and discharge protection module 7 output and connect described batteries 8, the charge-discharge end of described batteries 8 is through the described input crossed charge and discharge protection module 7 and connect described second relay 5, the output of described second relay 5 connects the input of described inversion module 6, described control module 11 sampling end connects described wind power generation input module 20 respectively, photovoltaic generation input module 2 and batteries 8, described control module 11 connects described switching over module 10 respectively, cross charge and discharge protection module 7, first relay 4 and the second relay 5, described control module 11 connects described indicating lamp module 9, the output of described control module 11 connects the input of described message output module 12.Adopt two-way power conversion circuit to export, wind-driven generator exports and solar panel output is carried out separately controlling, and both do not interfere with each other, and when wherein break down in a road, do not affect the work on another road, ensure that the stability of intelligent control system; By voltage, current detection technology, can the charging voltage of Real-Time Monitoring batteries and charging current, adjustment charges, guarantee the useful life of batteries, intelligent control system adopts advanced light radiation sensing technology, ultrasonic wind speed detection technique, differential voltage detection technique to realize the real-time monitoring of the operational factors such as wind speed power, solar radiation intensity, battery tension situation, burden requirement based on the supervisory layers of ARM microprocessor chip, possess PWM(pulse-width modulation) electrodeless unloading, improves solar energy and wind-force efficiency.
The discharge and recharge that described control module 11 gathers electric current, magnitude of voltage controls described batteries 8, and the state controlling whole intelligent miniature power distribution control system according to the electric current gathered, voltage.
This intelligent miniature power distribution control system also comprises the monitor supervision platform 13 of far-end, and described monitor supervision platform adopts server, and described server end connects described message output module 12 output by data communication.
Described civil power input module 3 comprises input wires terminal, civil power pressure unit and commercial power rectification unit, described input wires terminal upper end connects civil power, described input wires terminal lower end connects the input of described civil power pressure unit, and the output of described civil power pressure unit connects the input of described commercial power rectification unit.
Described wind power generation input module 20 comprises wind-driven generator 201, wind-powered electricity generation pressure unit 202, unloading unit 205, driver element 204 and wind-powered electricity generation rectification unit 203, the voltage output end of described wind-driven generator 201 connects the input of described wind-powered electricity generation pressure unit 202 and the input of unloading unit 205, the output of described wind-powered electricity generation pressure unit 202 connects the input of described wind-powered electricity generation rectification unit 203, the control end of described unloading unit 204 connects described control module 11, and described driver element 204 output connects described wind-powered electricity generation rectification unit 203 control end.
Described photovoltaic generation input module 2 comprises solar panel and voltage regulation unit, and the output of described solar panel connects the input of described voltage regulation unit.
Described switching over module 10 comprises civil power input switch unit 103, wind-force electric energy switch element 101 and photovoltaic generation switch element 102.
Described control module 11 comprises wind-powered electricity generation voltage sampling unit, wind-powered electricity generation charge current sample unit, photovoltaic voltage sampling unit, photovoltaic charged current sampling unit, accumulator battery voltage sampling unit and monitoring means.
Described control module 11 adopts the ARM7 single-chip microcomputer STM32F407 of ST to be core.
As shown in Figure 8,11st, 12 pin of TL494 form voltage stabilizing sampling, error amplification system, the 15V direct voltage that the rectification of normal phase input end 1 pin input inverter secondary sampling winding exports, through R11, R12 dividing potential drop, makes the 1st pin have nearly 4.7 ~ 5.6V sampling voltage when inverter normally works.Inverting input 2 pin input 5V reference voltage (being exported by 14 pin).When output voltage reduces, 1 pin voltage reduces, and error amplifier output low level, makes output voltage raise by pwm circuit.Time normal, 1 pin magnitude of voltage is 5.4V, and 2 pin magnitudes of voltage are 5V, and 3 pin magnitudes of voltage are 0.06V.Now exporting AC voltage is 235V (square-wave voltage).4th pin external R16, R14, C2 set Dead Time.Normal voltage value is 0.01V.5th, 6 pin external C13, R15 sets oscillator triangular wave frequency is 100Hz.Time normal, 5 pin magnitudes of voltage are 1.75V, and 6 pin magnitudes of voltage are 3.73V.7th pin is altogether.8th, 11 pin are internal drive output triode collector electrode, and the 12nd pin is TL494 prime feeder ear, this three end by the start/stop of switch S control TL494, as the control switch of inverter.When S1 turns off, the pulse of TL494 no-output, therefore switching tube VT4 ~ VT6 is without any electric current.When S1 connects, this tripod magnitude of voltage is the cathode voltage of storage battery.9th, 10 pin are internal drive level transistor emitter, export the positive pulse that two-way sequential is different.Time normal, magnitude of voltage is 1.8V.13rd, 14,15 pin wherein 14 pin output 5V reference voltages, make 13 pin have 5V high level, control gate circuit, trigger exports two-way driving pulse, for push-pull switching circuit.The external 5V voltage of 15th pin, forms error amplifier anti-phase input reference voltage, is formed high level protection input to make in-phase input end 16 pin.In this connection, when the 16th pin input is greater than the high level of 5V, reduces output voltage by pressure stabilization function, or turn off driving pulse and realize protection.The possibility exporting superpressure in its exciting converter does not almost have, therefore the non-use of the 16th pin in this circuit, by resistance R18 ground connection.
As shown in Figure 7, unloading unit 205 comprises resistance R45, diode D17, electric capacity C33, resistance R44 and metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4, one end ground connection of resistance R4, the other end connects one end of electric capacity C33 and the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor respectively, one end of other end contact resistance R45 of electric capacity C33 and the anode of diode D17, the negative electrode of diode D17, the other end of resistance R45 and the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor connect wind-driven generator respectively.When wind-force is very large; but when not arriving overspeed protection limit value; blower fan still needs to power to storage battery or load; this is because blower fan power output is larger; very large impact can be caused to control system; need to utilize unloading circuit to unload a part of power, thus reduce because wind is greatly to the impact that control system causes.Figure below is unloading circuit, and wherein R44 is dead resistance, and the power conversion of unloading is become heat.
As shown in Figure 6, sample circuit comprises resistance R1, resistance R2, voltage follower, resistance R99 resistance R100 and electric capacity C100, one end of one end contact resistance R2 of resistance R1 and one end of resistance R99, the resistance R99 other end connects the positive input terminal of voltage follower, the negative input end of voltage follower is connected with output, one end of voltage follower output also contact resistance R100, the other end of resistance R100 connects one end and the output signal of electric capacity C100, the other end ground connection of the electric capacity C100 other end and resistance R2.To detect in real time solar panel output voltage, wind power generation rectifier output voltage, battery tension, solar recharging electric current and wind power generation charging current equivalent, thus realize controlling functions.Voltage detecting circuit is as figure below, and sample amplitude when reproduced, by after R1 and R2 dividing potential drop, exports through a voltage follower, then will export the AD sampling pin delivering to single-chip microcomputer.
As shown in Figure 5, driver element 204 comprises driving chip U5, resistance R32, resistance R35, resistance R33, electric capacity C57, electric capacity C19, electric capacity C24, voltage stabilizing didoe D20, driving chip U5 tripod connects electric capacity C24 one end and pwm signal input, electric capacity C24 other end ground connection, crus secunda contact resistance R32 one end of driving chip U5, another termination 5V voltage of resistance R32, driving chip U5 octal contact resistance R35 one end and electric capacity C57 one end, one end of driving chip U5 the 7th pin contact resistance R33, driving chip U5 connects one end of voltage stabilizing didoe D20 and one end of electric capacity C19 and outputs signal, the other end of resistance R35 connects the other end of voltage stabilizing didoe D20 and the other end of electric capacity C19 and outputs signal.Driver element adopts TLP250 optocoupler to isolate pwm signal and the switching tube drive singal of single-chip microcomputer; + 17V is the anode 17V of the power supply of optocoupler, 0V is the negative terminal 0V powered, and adopting voltage 17V to power is export enough driving forces to ensure; D20 is a 5V voltage-stabiliser tube; The output g3 of drive singal meets the grid g of switching tube, and E2 meets the source electrode s of switching tube.
As shown in Figure 3,4, wind power generation input module 20 comprises wind-driven generator 201, wind-powered electricity generation pressure unit 202, unloading unit 205, driver element 204 and wind-powered electricity generation rectification unit 203, the voltage output end of described wind-driven generator 201 connects the input of described wind-powered electricity generation pressure unit 202 and the input of unloading unit 205, the output of described wind-powered electricity generation pressure unit 202 connects the input of described wind-powered electricity generation rectification unit 203, the control end of described unloading unit 204 connects described control module 11, and described driver element 204 output connects described wind-powered electricity generation rectification unit 203 control end.Wherein VD1-VD7 is diode, and C1-C4 is rectifying and wave-filtering electric capacity, and R1-R4 is grading resistor, and L is filter inductance, and R5 is electric power generation unloading resistance, and R6 is current-limiting resistance, and VD7 is fly-wheel diode, VT1 and VT2 is IGBT, C5 is the electric capacity being with polarity.The alternating voltage of wind-driven generator is input to the uncontrollable rectification circuit of three-phase through fuse, form filter circuit by resistance R1-R4 and electric capacity C1-C4, charging a battery through discharging circuit, IGBT, fly-wheel diode, filter inductance L and current-limiting resistance R5.
As shown in Figure 9, photovoltaic generation input module 2 comprises photovoltaic battery panel, insulated gate bipolar transistor VT, resistance R, electric capacity C, diode VD1, inductance L, diode VD, resistance R0 and battery pack E, photovoltaic battery panel one end is contact resistance R one end respectively, the negative electrode of diode VD1 and the source electrode of insulated gate bipolar transistor VT, the anode of diode VD1 is connected one end of electric capacity C with the other end of resistance R, the other end of electric capacity C is connected the anode of diode VD and one end of inductance L respectively with the drain electrode of insulated gate bipolar transistor VT, one end of the other end contact resistance R0 of inductance L, the other end of resistance R0 connects the positive pole of battery pack, the negative pole of battery pack connects the negative electrode of diode VD and the other end of photovoltaic battery panel respectively.
As shown in Figure 2, another object of the present utility model is the intelligent miniature power distribution control method flow chart providing a kind of solar wind force electric energy, and details are as follows:
In step S1, in intelligent miniature power distribution control system, control module is carried out control be divided into for load output and battery charging to wind-force electric energy, photovoltaic electric energy; When for battery charging, when for battery charging, control module gathers the voltage of batteries and judges that whether accumulator battery voltage is in set point, as being greater than set point, then batteries does not need charging and is unloaded by voltage, as being less than set point, control module controls wind-force electric energy, photovoltaic electric energy according to priority charges to storage battery, and its priority is that photovoltaic electric energy is greater than wind-force electric energy.
In step S2, export can not meet load needs control module automatic switchover batteries to load electricity distribution at wind-force electric energy, photovoltaic electric energy; Can normal operation under normal circumstances.
In step S3, when the voltage that batteries exports can not meet load output, it is the electric energy needs that inversion module has powered load that mains-supplied is enabled in the control module automatic switchover of control system.This system according to the change of the size of the power at sunshine, wind-force and load, constantly can switch the operating state of batteries and regulates, and on the one hand the electric energy after adjustment is directly sent to DC load or is sent to AC load through inverter; On the other hand unnecessary electric energy is sent in batteries and stores.When photovoltaic power generation quantity and wind power generation amount can not meet bearing power, the electric energy in batteries is adjusted and is sent to load by controller automatically; When the electric energy in storage battery is also not enough, controller finally starts AC220V civil power as power supply.Make electric power system alternate run under the various working such as charging, electric discharge or floating electricity like this, thus ensure using wind, light, mains hybrid as the stability of power-supply system to load supplying.
The discharge and recharge that described control module gathers electric current, magnitude of voltage controls described batteries, and the state controlling whole intelligent miniature power distribution control system according to the electric current gathered, voltage.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present utility model; not in order to limit the utility model; all do within spirit of the present utility model and principle any amendment, equivalent to replace and improvement etc., all should be included within protection range of the present utility model.