CN204018406U - For plastic deformation, squeeze the shaped device of forging molding - Google Patents
For plastic deformation, squeeze the shaped device of forging molding Download PDFInfo
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- CN204018406U CN204018406U CN201420405178.XU CN201420405178U CN204018406U CN 204018406 U CN204018406 U CN 204018406U CN 201420405178 U CN201420405178 U CN 201420405178U CN 204018406 U CN204018406 U CN 204018406U
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- crowded
- forging
- squeezes
- swaging
- hydraulic
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of shaped device that squeezes forging molding for plastic deformation, comprise patrix, counterdie and the patrix driving mechanism being connected with patrix, patrix is provided with upper cavity, upper the first crowded passage of forging forging assembly and be communicated with upper cavity that squeezes, counterdie is provided with for coordinate the lower mode cavity that forms near closed hollow ring with upper cavity, the upper forging assembly that squeezes comprises the upper crowded swaging that squeezes hole head and be connected with patrix driving mechanism, squeezing hole head is slidedly arranged in crowded swaging along squeezing forging direction, the upper forging assembly that squeezes also comprises that can drive crowded hole head to stretch out crowded swaging squeezes hole on blank, and after extrusion cavities, make to squeeze in the retraction of hole, squeeze swaging and with on squeeze swaging and jointly squeeze the crowded hole driving mechanism of forging stock material.The utlity model has simple and compact for structure, with low cost, energy consumption is low, required crowded forging power is little, can reduce squeeze forging molding difficulty, improve shaping workpiece internal performance and quality, moulding is reliable, qualification rate advantages of higher.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to metal and squeezes forging molding technical field, is specifically related to a kind of shaped device that squeezes forging molding for plastic deformation.
Background technology
It is to utilize Principles of Metal Forming to carry out a kind of method of pressure processing that metal squeezes forging molding technology, to put into mould through pretreated metal stock, then on metal stock, exert pressure and make metal stock generation be out of shape and be full of mold cavity, thereby obtain needed part.It is a kind of few cutting or without the advanced technologies technology of machining that metal squeezes forging molding technology, be conducive to improve the quality of goods, can improve goods interior microscopic tissue and performance, also have save that material, energy consumption are low, applied range, production flexibility is large, technological process is simple and equipment investment is few feature.
At present, also there are a lot of technical problems in hot extrude forging molding technology and hot extrude forging molding equipment both at home and abroad, restricted the development of this technology.
The general employing of connection of existing crowded swaging and main cylinder piston-rod is threaded, and within the scope of screw strength, squeezes swaging hydraulic energy is acted directly on to workpiece blank surface, thereby make workpiece blank distortion.Squeeze swaging and contact once crowded forging molding with workpiece blank, because lifting surface area is larger, must there is very large pressure just can make workpiece blank produce plastic deformation, squeeze forging difficulty crowded forging power large, that need also larger, this performance to hydraulic system and mould is had higher requirement, and equipment cost and energy consumption also improve greatly; And if adopt repeatedly deformation moulding, what need multiple devices repeatedly squeezes the requirements such as precision that forging could meet parts, causes existing former and energy supply system complicated, equipment bulky, investment is large, cost is high; In addition, because workpiece blank reaches needed shape through disposable continuous plastic deformation, in squeezing forging process, metal inside crystalline phase organizes mobility large, and this also can affect the internal structure performance of shaping workpiece, reduces the quality of shaping workpiece.
In addition, it is all to adopt open crowded forging mode that current metal squeezes forging molding equipment, the die cavity that is mould is to be coordinated and formed by crowded swaging and open die cavity, blank squeezes between swaging and die cavity in closed state not before complete moulding, and in squeezing the process of forging, blank easily produces flexural deformation, cause entering die cavity completely, and then generation substandard products, this also can reduce the service life of mould, even can mold damage.
Utility model content
The technical problems to be solved in the utility model is to overcome the deficiency that prior art exists, provide a kind of simple and compact for structure, with low cost, energy consumption is low, required crowded forging power is little, can reduce squeeze forging molding difficulty, improve shaping workpiece internal performance and quality, moulding is reliable, qualification rate is high for plastic deformation, squeezes the shaped device of forging molding.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the utility model by the following technical solutions:
A kind of shaped device that squeezes forging molding for plastic deformation, comprise patrix, counterdie and the patrix driving mechanism being connected with patrix, described patrix is provided with upper cavity, upper the first crowded passage of forging forging assembly and be communicated with upper cavity that squeezes, described counterdie is provided with for coordinating with described upper cavity the lower mode cavity that forms near closed hollow ring, described crowded forging assembly comprises the upper crowded swaging that squeezes hole head and be connected with patrix driving mechanism, described crowded hole head is slidedly arranged in described crowded swaging along squeezing forging direction, described crowded forging assembly also comprises that can drive crowded hole head to stretch out crowded swaging squeezes hole on blank, and after extrusion cavities, make to squeeze in the retraction of hole, squeeze swaging and with on squeeze swaging and jointly squeeze the crowded hole driving mechanism of forging stock material.
As further improvement of the utility model:
Described crowded hole driving mechanism is connected with patrix driving mechanism and relies on the driving force of patrix driving mechanism to make to squeeze Tou Ji hole, hole.
Described crowded hole driving mechanism comprises the unidirectional oil cylinder being connected with the drive end of described patrix driving mechanism, and the oil-in of described unidirectional oil cylinder is provided with the control valve group of carrying out off-load when oil pressure reaches setting value in unidirectional oil cylinder.
Described control valve group comprises the on-off valve of being controlled break-make by electro connecting pressure gauge.
Described patrix driving mechanism comprises telescopic oil cylinder, and the cylinder body of described unidirectional oil cylinder is integrally formed on the expansion link of described upper telescopic oil cylinder.
The oil-in of described unidirectional oil cylinder is also connected with passive type overpressure unloading valve, described passive type overpressure unloading valve comprises valve body and is slidedly arranged on the spool in described valve body, described spool is provided with the first hydraulic-driven portion vertically successively, the second hydraulic-driven portion and the 3rd hydraulic-driven portion, described valve body is provided with the first pressure oil cavity that is communicated with and drives the first hydraulic-driven portion with the low pressure oil way of hydraulic system, the 3rd pressure oil cavity that is communicated with the oil-in of unidirectional oil cylinder and drives the second pressure oil cavity of the second hydraulic-driven portion and be communicated with and drive the 3rd hydraulic-driven portion with the low pressure oil way of hydraulic system, the driving direction of described the second hydraulic-driven portion and the 3rd hydraulic-driven portion is in the same way and contrary with the driving direction of the first hydraulic-driven portion, the oil pressure active area that the oil pressure active area of described the first hydraulic-driven portion is greater than described the second hydraulic-driven portion adds the oil pressure active area sum of the above the 3rd hydraulic-driven portion, described spool makes the oil-in of described unidirectional oil cylinder and the low pressure oil way of hydraulic system be communicated with or disconnect by slip.
The second crowded passage of forging that described counterdie is also provided with lower swaging machine structure and is communicated with described lower mode cavity, described lower swaging machine structure comprises lower crowded swaging, described lower crowded swaging is slidedly arranged on described second and squeezes in forging passage.
Described patrix comprises upper bolster, upper stress circle, upper moving plate and upper mold core, and described upper mold core is installed on upper moving plate by upper stress circle, and described upper cavity and first squeezes forging passage and is located in described upper mold core; Described counterdie comprises die shoe, lower circle stress, lower moving plate and lower mold core, and described lower mold core is installed on lower moving plate by lower circle stress, and described lower mode cavity and second squeezes forging passage and is located in described lower mold core; It is coaxially arranged along matched moulds direction that the described second crowded forging passage and first squeezes forging passage.
Described upper moving plate is connected with upper bolster by the second buffer-oriented assembly and can reciprocatingly slides with respect to upper bolster, and described lower moving plate is connected with die shoe by the first buffer-oriented assembly and can reciprocatingly slides with respect to die shoe.
Described shaped device also comprises for driving lower crowded swaging to eject the discharging driven unit of blank, described discharging driven unit comprises and is slidedly arranged on the sliding block on die shoe and is installed in the lower telescopic oil cylinder on die shoe, described die shoe is provided with for supporting the support plate of described sliding block, described lower crowded swaging is fixedly arranged on described sliding block, and described lower telescopic oil cylinder is connected with described sliding block and can drives sliding block to slide and stretch into described lower mode cavity with lower crowded swaging.
Compared with prior art, the utility model has the advantage of: the utility model squeezes the shaped device of forging molding for plastic deformation, while squeezing the moulding of forging stock material, by after blank material loading, by upper die and lower die matched moulds, formed the near closed hollow ring of parcel blank, the upper forging assembly that squeezes stretches into the blank near closed hollow ring is implemented to squeeze forging from the first crowded forging passage, under the driving of Tou Ji hole, crowded hole driving mechanism, first on blank, squeeze hole, make blank complete a plastic deformation, when certain depth is arrived in crowded hole, make to squeeze a hole retraction to concordant with the crowded forging end face of crowded swaging, make again to squeeze swaging and a crowded hole synchronization action and blank can be squeezed to forging molding.This shaped device is according to squeezing hole, dodging, squeeze the crowded forging stock material of the process of forging, first on blank, squeezing hole makes blank complete a certain amount of distortion, squeeze forging whole blank makes blank deformation be full of whole die cavity and backfill is also full of the hole of extruding again, make blank at twice plastic deformation obtain shaping workpiece, on the one hand, extended the crowded forging time, it is less that blank is out of shape required crowded forging power at every turn, reduce crowded forging difficulty, reduced the performance requirement to equipment; On the other hand, the effect that shunting material is played in the hole of extruding, can improve the flow regime of metal and the filling of blank, has improved the internal structure performance of shaping workpiece; Moreover, squeezing Tou Youji hole, hole driving mechanism and drive sliding extension, it also can be used for the workpiece after moulding to eject, and has realized the integrated of crowded hole and discharging.Meanwhile, adopt near closed hollow ring parcel blank to squeeze forging, avoided open crowded forging easily to cause blank can not enter the problem of die cavity completely, improved qualification rate, ensured the service life of mould.This shaped device simple and compact for structure, cost is low, having stable behavior is reliable, energy consumption is low, operating efficiency is high, also low to the requirement of the requirement of equipment component and dynamical system, greatly reduce the difficulty of squeezing forging molding.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the utility model squeezes the sectional structure schematic diagram of the shaped device of forging molding for plastic deformation.
Fig. 2 is A place structure for amplifying schematic diagram in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is that the utility model squeezes the upper sectional structure schematic diagram of forging assembly that squeezes of shaped device of forging molding for plastic deformation.
Fig. 4 is that the utility model squeezes the sectional structure schematic diagram of the shaped device passive type overpressure unloading valve of forging molding for plastic deformation.
Fig. 5 is that the utility model is for the sectional structure schematic diagram of the spool of the shaped device passive type overpressure unloading valve of the crowded forging molding of plastic deformation.
Marginal data:
1, patrix; 11, upper cavity; 12, first squeeze forging passage; 13, upper bolster; 14, upper stress circle; 15, upper moving plate; 16, upper mold core; 17, the second buffer-oriented assembly; 2, counterdie; 21, lower mode cavity; 22, second squeeze forging passage; 23, die shoe; 24, lower circle stress; 25, lower moving plate; 26, lower mold core; 27, the first buffer-oriented assembly; 3, patrix driving mechanism; 4, squeeze hole driving mechanism; 41, unidirectional oil cylinder; 42, control valve group; 5, upper crowded swaging; 6, passive type overpressure unloading valve; 61, valve body; 611, the first pressure oil cavity; 612, the second pressure oil cavity; 613, the 3rd pressure oil cavity; 614, break-make mouth; 62, spool; 621, the first hydraulic-driven portion; 622, the second hydraulic-driven portion; 623, the 3rd hydraulic-driven portion; 63, flexible member; 64, oil drain passage; 7, lower crowded swaging; 8, discharging driven unit; 81, sliding block; 82, lower telescopic oil cylinder; 83, support plate; 9, squeeze hole head.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the utility model is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, the utility model squeezes the shaped device of forging molding for plastic deformation, comprise patrix 1, counterdie 2 and the patrix driving mechanism 3 being connected with patrix 1, patrix 1 comprises upper bolster 13, upper stress circle 14, upper moving plate 15 and upper mold core 16, upper mold core 16 is installed on upper moving plate 15 by upper stress circle 14, upper moving plate 15 is connected with upper bolster 13 by the second buffer-oriented assembly 17, upper bolster 13 is connected with patrix driving mechanism 3, and upper mold core 16 is provided with upper cavity 11 and first and squeezes forging passage 12.The second buffer-oriented assembly 17 comprises guide post and coil tension spring, one end of guide post is fixed on upper moving plate 15, the other end is through in the pilot hole on upper bolster 13, coil tension spring is installed between upper bolster 13 and upper moving plate 15, can oppress upper moving plate 15 and make its elastic force that overcomes coil tension spring to upper bolster 13 motions.Patrix 1 is also provided with crowded forging assembly, upper squeezing forged assembly and comprised and squeeze hole 9, squeeze hole driving mechanism 4 and upper crowded swaging 5, upper crowded swaging 5 is connected with patrix driving mechanism 3 and is driven by patrix driving mechanism 3, squeezing the crowded direction of forging in 9 edge, hole is slidedly arranged in crowded swaging 5, squeeze hole driving mechanism 4 and crowded hole 9 and be connected, can drive squeeze hole 9 stretch out crowded swaging 5 on blank, squeeze hole and after extrusion cavities, make to squeeze in 9 retraction of hole, squeeze swaging 5 and with on squeeze the common crowded forging stock material of swaging 5.Counterdie 2 is provided with for coordinate the lower mode cavity 21 that forms near closed hollow ring with upper cavity 11.
While squeezing the moulding of forging stock material, by after blank material loading, patrix 1 and counterdie 2 matched moulds form the near closed hollow ring of parcel blank, the upper forging assembly that squeezes stretches into the blank near closed hollow ring is implemented to squeeze forging from the first crowded forging passage 12, under the driving of squeezing hole driving mechanism 4, squeeze a 9 first hole of squeezing, hole on blank, make blank complete a plastic deformation, when certain depth is arrived in crowded hole, make to squeeze hole 9 retraction to concordant with the crowded forging end face of upper crowded swaging 5, then make crowded swaging 5 and crowded hole 9 synchronization action squeeze the moulding of forging stock material.
This shaped device is according to squeezing hole, dodging, squeeze the crowded forging stock material of the process of forging, first on blank, squeezing hole makes blank complete a certain amount of distortion, squeeze forging whole blank makes blank deformation be full of whole die cavity and backfill is also full of the hole of extruding again, make blank at twice plastic deformation obtain shaping workpiece, on the one hand, extended the crowded forging time, it is less that blank is out of shape required crowded forging power at every turn, reduced crowded forging difficulty, the performance requirement of equipment has also been reduced; On the other hand, the effect that shunting material is played in the hole of extruding, can improve the flow regime of metal and the filling of blank, has improved the internal structure performance of shaping workpiece; Moreover, squeezing hole 9 by crowded hole driving mechanism 4 driving sliding extensions, it also can be used for the workpiece after moulding to eject, and has realized the integrated of crowded hole and discharging.Meanwhile, adopt near closed hollow ring parcel blank to squeeze forging, avoided open crowded forging easily to cause blank can not enter the problem of die cavity completely, improved qualification rate, ensured the service life of mould.This shaped device simple and compact for structure, cost is low, having stable behavior is reliable, energy consumption is low, operating efficiency is high, also low to the requirement of the requirement of equipment component and dynamical system, greatly reduce the difficulty of squeezing forging molding.
In the present embodiment, squeezing hole driving mechanism 4 is connected on the drive end of patrix driving mechanism 3, during 3 work of patrix driving mechanism, drive upper crowded swaging 5 and crowded hole driving mechanism 4 to be synchronized with the movement, squeeze hole driving mechanism 4 and for relying on, squeeze into the passive type driving mechanism that the driving force of mould driving mechanism 3 makes to squeeze a 9 crowded hole, hole, squeezing hole driving mechanism 4 can drive and squeeze hole 9 and stretch out crowded forging end faces for crowded swaging 5 and keep squeezing hole 9 and be in the state of stretching out, also can make to squeeze in 9 retraction of hole and squeeze in swaging 5, but when squeezing hole, squeeze hole driving mechanism 4 active drive power is not provided, it is driven to the direction of squeezing forging stock material and is moved by patrix driving mechanism 3, and then with crowded hole 9, on blank, squeeze hole.
Above-mentioned passive type driving mechanism specifically comprises the unidirectional oil cylinder 41 being connected with the drive end of patrix driving mechanism 3, and the oil-in of unidirectional oil cylinder 41 is provided with the control valve group 42 of carrying out off-load when the interior oil pressure of unidirectional oil cylinder 41 reaches setting value.Control valve group 42 is by electro connecting pressure gauge, to be controlled the on-off valve of break-make, for example, adopts the combination of electro connecting pressure gauge, magnetic valve and inserted valve, by electro connecting pressure gauge detected pressures, then by solenoid control inserted valve break-make.Opening on-off valve can inject pressure oil in unidirectional oil cylinder 41, the expansion link of unidirectional oil cylinder 41 stretches out and makes to squeeze the crowded forging end face that crowded swaging 5 is stretched out in hole 9, closing on-off valve can make the expansion link of unidirectional oil cylinder 41 keep stretching out state again, and then crowded hole 9 also keeps stretching out the state of the crowded forging end face of crowded swaging 5, electro connecting pressure gauge can detect the oil pressure in the pressure oil cavity of unidirectional oil cylinder 41, then according to the force value whether this oil pressure reaches its setting, carrys out the break-make of corresponding control on-off valve.Oil pressure while squeezing hole in unidirectional oil cylinder 41 can raise because of the increase of blank reaction force, after reaching the force value of electro connecting pressure gauge setting, electro connecting pressure gauge is controlled on-off valve and is opened unidirectional oil cylinder 41 is carried out to off-load, thereby make to squeeze hole 9, can in retraction, squeeze in swaging 5 squeezing to forge under reaction force.Because Kong Yueshen is squeezed in crowded hole 9 on blank, blank is larger to squeezing the reaction force in hole 9, oil pressure in the pressure oil cavity of unidirectional oil cylinder 41 is also higher, therefore the oil pressure value in the pressure oil cavity of unidirectional oil cylinder 41 has also reacted 9 position of clamp-oning blank, crowded hole, squeeze as required the degree of depth in hole, relative set electro connecting pressure gauge is controlled the force value that on-off valve is opened.This kind of drives structure only need adopt a set of driving mechanism, by one-off, can complete crowded hole, dodge and crowded forging molding, do not need to increase force piece and auxiliary control device, also can not increase the burden of dynamical system, further reduced energy consumption, improve operating efficiency high, saved equipment cost.
In the present embodiment, patrix driving mechanism 3 is upper telescopic oil cylinder, and the cylinder body of unidirectional oil cylinder 41 is integrally formed on the expansion link of telescopic oil cylinder.On the expansion link of telescopic oil cylinder, offer cavity and oil-in, after the piston that then setting matches in this cavity, form unidirectional oil cylinder 41, arrange like this and can reduce costs, improve the compact of equipment.
Aforesaid upper telescopic oil cylinder comprises master cylinder and pressurizing cylinder, and the cross-sectional area of the piston of pressurizing cylinder is greater than the cross-sectional area of the piston of master cylinder, is provided with the charged piston matching in the rodless cavity of master cylinder, and the piston rod of pressurizing cylinder is connected with charged piston.The stroke of once squeeze forging of shaped device has three crowded forging process, and first crowded forging process is to squeeze hole 9 and lower crowded swaging 7 is got into blank the die cavity of sealing, and punches on blank.When the resistance power of blank upper end is greater than the static pressure of unidirectional oil cylinder 41, unidirectional oil cylinder 41 off-loads, squeeze hole 9 backhaul with the deformation of blank, the active force of master cylinder is done manual work and is forced blank deformation blank continuously by upper crowded swaging 5 simultaneously, and this is second crowded forging process, in this process, the effect of shunting material is played in the backhaul space of squeezing hole 9, improve the flow regime of material, thereby reduced load, improved the fillibility of blank.When the total resistance power of blank is greater than master cylinder active force, oil in master cylinder rodless cavity is enclosed in cavity, the oil of whole cavity now can be regarded as incompressible cylinder body, opens the oil-in oil-feed of pressurizing cylinder, pressurizing cylinder work, the active force of pressurizing cylinder is delivered on the piston of master cylinder by rigidity oil body, be delivered to again to squeeze and forge end face, force blank to continue deformation occurs, and be full of die cavity, thereby the product parts that obtains sharp outline, this is the 3rd crowded forging process.These three crowded forging process have substantially improved the blank type of flow, have reduced running load, thereby have further reduced the load of crowded forging equipment, have reduced the quantity of crowded forger order and crowded forging equipment, have reduced cost, have also saved the energy.
In the present embodiment, the oil-in of unidirectional oil cylinder 41 is also connected with passive type overpressure unloading valve 6, the pressure unloading of passive type overpressure unloading valve 6 is greater than the force value that electro connecting pressure gauge is set, when control valve group 42 breaks down, passive type overpressure unloading valve 6 carries out release after can the oil pressure in unidirectional oil cylinder 41 reaching its setting value, avoid damaging unidirectional oil cylinder 41 and other Hydraulic Elements because of hypertonia, also ensured staff's safety, especially at plastic deformation, squeeze in forging equipment, because of the oil pressure of its hydraulic system, to have reached tens MPas even higher, if as easy as rolling off a log the causing casualties of hydraulic oil ejection.
As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, passive type overpressure unloading valve 6 comprises spool 62 and valve body 61, and spool 62 is slidedly arranged in valve body 61, and spool 62 is revolving body, and the inner chamber coordinating with spool 62 on valve body 61 is cylindrical cavity.Spool 62 is provided with the first hydraulic-driven portion 621 vertically successively, the second hydraulic-driven portion 622 and the 3rd hydraulic-driven portion 623, valve body 61 is provided with the first pressure oil cavity 611, the second pressure oil cavity 612 and the 3rd pressure oil cavity 613, wherein, the low pressure oil way of the first pressure oil cavity 611 and hydraulic system (for example, main working oil path from oil pump or Hydraulic Station output) be communicated with, the first pressure oil cavity 611 coordinates driving spool 62 to slide with the first hydraulic-driven portion 621, the second pressure oil cavity 612 is communicated with the oil-in of unidirectional oil cylinder 41, the second pressure oil cavity 612 coordinates driving spool 62 to slide with the second hydraulic-driven portion 622, the 3rd pressure oil cavity 613 is communicated with the low pressure oil way of hydraulic system, the 3rd pressure oil cavity 613 coordinates driving the 3rd hydraulic-driven portion 623 to drive spools 62 to slide with the 3rd hydraulic-driven portion 623.The driving direction of the second pressure oil cavity 612 and the 3rd pressure oil cavity 613 is in the same way, and contrary with the driving direction of the first pressure oil cavity 611, and the hydraulic-driven area of the first hydraulic-driven portion 621 hydraulic-driven area that is greater than the second hydraulic-driven portion 622 adds the hydraulic-driven area sum of the 3rd hydraulic-driven portion 623.Spool 62 is according to the first hydraulic-driven portion 621, the suffered corresponding slip of driving force situation of the second hydraulic-driven portion 622 and the 3rd hydraulic-driven portion 623, and spool 62 makes the oil-in of unidirectional oil cylinder 41 and the low pressure oil way of hydraulic system be communicated with or disconnect by slip.Above-mentioned oil pressure active area refers to that each pressure oil cavity drives the actual driving area of corresponding hydraulic-driven portion.
In the present embodiment, the 3rd pressure oil cavity 613 is provided with and can makes the end of break-make mouth 614, the three hydraulic-driven portions 623 that the oil-in of unidirectional oil cylinder 41 and the low pressure oil way of hydraulic system be communicated with slide and make break-make mouth 614 open or close with spool 62.Specifically, break-make mouth 614 is between the 3rd pressure oil cavity 613 and the second pressure oil cavity 612, the end of the 3rd hydraulic-driven portion 623 and break-make mouth 614 are equipped with taper seat, when spool 62 slides, can make the taper seat of end and the laminating of the taper seat of break-make mouth 614 of the 3rd hydraulic-driven portion 623 form a ring seal face, break-make mouth 614 is closed, or make the end of the 3rd hydraulic-driven portion 623 away from break-make mouth 614, break-make mouth 614 is opened.When the first suffered driving force of hydraulic-driven portion 621 is greater than the suffered driving force of the second hydraulic-driven portion 622 and the suffered driving force sum of the 3rd hydraulic-driven portion 623, spool 62 slides to the direction of closing break-make mouth 614, break-make mouth 614 is closed in end face and 614 laminatings of break-make mouth of the 3rd hydraulic-driven portion 623, and the second pressure oil cavity 612 and the 3rd pressure oil cavity 613 are not communicated with, when the first suffered driving force of hydraulic-driven portion 621 is less than the suffered driving force of the second hydraulic-driven portion 622 and the suffered driving force sum of the 3rd hydraulic-driven portion 623, spool 62 slides to the direction of opening break-make mouth 614, the end face of the 3rd hydraulic-driven portion 623 and break-make mouth 614 depart from, break-make mouth 614 is communicated with the second pressure oil cavity 612 and the 3rd pressure oil cavity 613, now, passive type overpressure unloading valve 6 carries out off-load, the hydraulic oil of unidirectional oil cylinder 41 is discharged in the 3rd pressure oil cavity 613 by the second pressure oil cavity 612, also be discharged in the low pressure oil way of hydraulic system.
In the present embodiment, between valve body 61 and spool 62, be provided with flexible member 63, flexible member 63 is coil tension spring, this coil tension spring is pressed between the inwall and spool 62 of the first pressure oil cavity 611, in the situation that the first pressure oil cavity 611, the second pressure oil cavity 612 and the 3rd pressure oil cavity 613 do not pass into pressure oil, coil tension spring elastic compression spool 62, makes spool 62 be in the position of closing break-make mouth 614.
In the present embodiment, spool 62 comprises the slide bar portion being slidedly arranged in valve body 61, one end of slide bar portion forms the 3rd hydraulic-driven portion 623, the middle part of slide bar portion arranges annular boss and forms the second hydraulic-driven portion 622, the first hydraulic-driven portion 621 and slide bar portion are Split type structure, the first hydraulic-driven portion 621 is installed in the first pressure oil cavity 611, and first hydraulic-driven portion 621 other end direct and slide bar portion offsets.The first pressure oil cavity 611 and the 3rd pressure oil cavity 613 lay respectively at the two ends of spool 62, and the second pressure oil cavity 612 is positioned at the middle part of spool 62.
In the present embodiment, be also provided with oil drain passage 64 on valve body 61, oil drain passage 64 is communicated with the inner chamber that valve body 61 coordinates with slide bar portion, and oil drain passage 64 is located at the position near the first pressure oil cavity 611.This oil drain passage 64 can be discharged the hydraulic oil oozing from the second pressure oil cavity 612 to the first pressure oil cavity 611, carries out release, avoids affecting the pressure in the first pressure oil cavity 611, has guaranteed reliability and the accuracy of work.
The operation principle of passive type overpressure unloading valve 6:
The first pressure oil cavity 611 is connected with the pressure oil circuit of hydraulic system with the 3rd pressure oil cavity 613, and the second pressure oil cavity 612 is connected with the oil-in of unidirectional oil cylinder 41.As shown in Figure 5, the oil pressure active area of the first hydraulic-driven portion 621 is S
1, the oil pressure active area of the second hydraulic-driven portion 622 is (S
2-S
3), the oil pressure active area of the 3rd hydraulic-driven portion 623 is S
3.The oil pressure of supposing the system pressure oil circuit is P
1, the operating oil pressure of unidirectional oil cylinder 41 is P
2, do not consider the 3rd hydraulic-driven portion 623 and the fitting area of boss and the elastic compression power of flexible member 63.
The pass valve power of passive type overpressure unloading valve 6 is P
1s
1, valve opening force is P
2(S
2-S
3)+P
1s
3, make spool 62 open, just must make P
1s
1< P
2(S
2-S
3)+P
1s
3, the oil pressure active area that is greater than the second hydraulic-driven portion 622 due to the oil pressure active area of the first hydraulic-driven portion 621 adds the oil pressure active area sum of the 3rd hydraulic-driven portion 623, is also S
1> (S
2-S
3)+S
3, therefore, only at P
2> P
1situation under just can make P
1s
1< P
2(S
2-S
3)+P
1s
3.Like this, passive type overpressure unloading valve 6 can make unidirectional oil cylinder 41 have the operating oil pressure higher than the oil pressure of system pressure oil circuit, as the operating oil pressure P of unidirectional oil cylinder 41
2reach enough height, make P
1s
1< P
2(S
2-S
3)+P
1s
3time, just can drive spool 62 to open and carry out off-load.The size of unidirectional oil cylinder 41 back pressures is by S
1, S
2, S
3size determine, but when designing and producing, can only change S
1size, this is also the first hydraulic-driven portion 621 of spool 62 to be made to the object of separated sliding part, is convenient to make the passive type overpressure unloading valve 6 with different back pressures.
Above-mentioned passive type overpressure unloading valve 6 adopts three pressure oil cavities to coordinate driving spool 62 to slide with three hydraulic-driven portions and controls off-load, by being rationally set, the hydraulic-driven area of each hydraulic-driven portion can control the pressure of off-load, also control the maximum working pressure of unidirectional oil cylinder 41, both can to oil cylinder 41, there is the operating pressure higher than the low pressure oil way of hydraulic system by bonding, can, when the high-pressure oil passage superpressure of unidirectional oil cylinder 41, by driving spool 62 to slide, carry out off-load again; Meanwhile, its off-load is that the hydraulic oil of high-pressure oil passage is discharged in low pressure oil way, and hydraulic oil can be reused, and has reduced the requirement of system energy supply, has reached the object of energy-conserving and environment-protective, has also reduced production cost; It is realized opening and closing by hydraulically powered mechanical structure and moves, and there will not be the situation of being failure to actuate or botching routines, and has guaranteed the reliability of work.This passive type overpressure unloading valve 6 can directly install that be applied to need to be by the hydraulic oil off-load of high-pressure oil passage in the hydraulic system of low pressure oil way, only each pressure oil cavity directly need be connected with the pressure oil in hydraulic system, do not need to arrange other auxiliary Hydraulic Elements and electrical equipments, have simple in structure, be easy to make, be active in one's movements, safe and reliable, control the advantages such as convenient.The above-mentioned on-off valve of being controlled by electro connecting pressure gauge and valve body 61 are located on same valve piece, make structure compacter, and have saved cost of manufacture.
Certainly, in other embodiments, squeezing hole driving mechanism 4 can be also other forms of passive type driving mechanism.For example, the combination of unidirectional oil cylinder 41 and locking pin, first by unidirectional oil cylinder 41, drive and squeeze holes 9 and stretch out upper crowded swaging 5, by locking pin locking, squeezing hole 9 makes its maintenance stretch out the state of the crowded forging end face of upper crowded swaging 5, squeeze Kong Houzai and remove the locking effect of locking pin, making to squeeze hole 9 can squeeze in swaging 5 in retraction squeezing to forge under reaction force.Or the combination of weight member and locking pin, by weight member, pull and squeeze hole 9 and stretch out upper crowded swaging 5, by locking pin locking, squeezing hole 9 makes its maintenance stretch out the state of the crowded forging end face of upper crowded swaging 5, squeeze Kong Houzai and remove the locking effect of locking pin, making to squeeze hole 9 can squeeze in swaging 5 in retraction squeezing to forge under reaction force.
In the present embodiment, the drive end of patrix driving mechanism 3 and upper bolster 13 are affixed, and upper bolster 13 is provided with stepped hole, and upper crowded swaging 5 is fixed in stepped hole.The upper middle part of squeezing swaging 5 is provided with along squeezing and forges the through hole that direction runs through, one end of through hole is provided with pilot hole, squeezes hole 9 and is slidedly arranged in through hole, is provided with the slide block being slidably matched with pilot hole in the end of squeezing hole 9 simultaneously, by coordinating of slide block and pilot hole, the job stability that makes to squeeze hole 9 is better.The expansion link of unidirectional oil cylinder 41 is fixedly connected with slide block through the through hole on upper bolster 13, when the expansion link of unidirectional oil cylinder 41 moves to the limes superiors position offseting with inner chamber of cylinder block upper wall, the crowded forging end face that squeezes hole 9 is also just in time concordant with the crowded forging end face of upper crowded swaging 5.
In the present embodiment, counterdie 2 comprises die shoe 23, lower circle stress 24, lower moving plate 25 and lower mold core 26, lower mold core 26 is installed on lower moving plate 25 by lower circle stress 24, lower moving plate 25 is connected with die shoe 23 by the first buffer-oriented assembly 27, the second crowded passage 22 of forging that lower mold core 26 is provided with lower mode cavity 21 and is communicated with lower mode cavity 21, it is coaxially arranged along matched moulds direction that this second crowded forging passage 22 and first squeezes forging passage 12.The first buffer-oriented assembly 27 comprises guide post and coil tension spring, one end of guide post is fixed on lower moving plate 25, the other end is through in the pilot hole on die shoe 23, coil tension spring is installed between die shoe 23 and lower moving plate 25, and compressing lower moving plate 25 can make its elastic force that overcomes coil tension spring to die shoe 23 motions.
Counterdie 2 is also provided with lower swaging machine structure, and lower swaging machine structure comprises lower crowded swaging 7, and the cross section of lower crowded swaging 7 is consistent with the cross-sectional sizes of upper crowded swaging 5, and lower crowded swaging 7 is installed on die shoe 23 by a discharging driven unit 8.Discharging driven unit 8 comprises sliding block 81 and is installed in the lower telescopic oil cylinder 82 on die shoe 23, and sliding block 81 is slidedly arranged in die shoe 23, is provided with support plate 83 simultaneously on die shoe 23, and this support plate 83 plays supporting sliding block 81.Lower telescopic oil cylinder 82 is connected with sliding block 81 by connecting rod, and it can drive sliding block 81 to reciprocatingly slide along matched moulds direction, and lower crowded swaging 7 is fixedly arranged on sliding block 81 and is synchronized with the movement with sliding block 81.Under normal circumstances, sliding block 81 is supported on support plate 83, the relative die shoe 23 of lower crowded swaging 7 keeps maintaining static, when matched moulds squeezes forging, lower mold core 26 moves downward with lower moving plate 25, make lower crowded swaging 7 squeeze forging passage 22 along second and stretch into die cavity, and then lower crowded swaging 7 coordinates with upper crowded swaging 5 blank enforcement Bidirectional-squeezing.After die sinking, lower mold core 26 resets with lower moving plate 25, then drives sliding block 81 to slide by lower telescopic oil cylinder 82, makes lower crowded swaging 7 stretch out the second crowded passage 22 of forging the workpiece squeezing after forging molding is ejected.Like this; lower crowded swaging 7 possesses the effect of the forging of squeezing and discharging simultaneously; lower crowded swaging 7 squeezes while forging; second squeezes forging passage 22 can protect lower crowded swaging 7 not fractureed; and lower crowded swaging 7 and associated drives mechanism are all positioned at counterdie 2; reduce bulk, made the overall structure of mould more simple compact, also reduced cost of manufacture.
This shaped device simple for structure, saves material, has significantly reduced weight of equipment, than the gross weight of the conventional oil press of identical nominal pressure, alleviates more than 60%.It is that upper bolster 13 is continuity rigid body with master cylinder that its structure is different from other oil pressure unit distinguishing features, greatly improves intensity and the rigidity of structure, has reduced length and the width of upper bolster 13, thereby has reduced the radial degree of upper bolster 13, improves the rigidity of upper bolster 13; The structure of die shoe 23 is identical, so alleviated the gross weight of main frame.
This shaped device is particularly useful for the hot extrude forging molding of metal, can squeeze the part of forging shape face complexity, as dish type spur gear, biconvex through hole spur gear, gear shaft, multidiameter, through hole annulus, various flange, large specification securing member and various revolution parts etc.For different parts, only need to change core rod, upper crowded swaging 5, lower crowded swaging 7 and crowded hole 9, and do not need more mold exchange, automatic manipulator, cooling and lubricating system and discharge system etc. automatically, thereby expanded the scope of crowded forging molding object, made the part of small lot, many kinds also can adopt crowded forging mode to produce.It squeezes forging length dimension scope can reach 30～70mm, has solved existing swaging machine and has squeezed the defect that forging length does not have versatility.
The gesture of our Development and design is pressed the function that station can the up to ten million ox rice of output per second, set up unit head with 0.3～0.5 meter of speed per second and enough large dynamic movement, force blank to produce geometric deformation at a high speed, be full of die cavity, obtain the needed geometry of part, size and there is the product parts of certain mechanical performance.
The extrusion process of blank completes within 0.2～0.3 second, has greatly reduced heat conduction time.Blank generally starts to be extruded at 1000～1200 ℃, die surface temperature rise is below 500 ℃, sealing die cavity surface pressing is no more than 200Mpa, Just because of this, we are less demanding to the material selection of mould, 40cr, the material in upper crowded swaging 5, lower crowded swaging 7 and crowded hole 9 adopts general mold heat material, greatly reduces die cost.
The shaped device that squeezes forging molding for plastic deformation of the present embodiment is when squeezing forging molding, and its course of work is as follows:
Patrix driving mechanism 3 orders about patrix 1 away from counterdie 2, and mould is in die opening state; This at present telescopic oil cylinder 82 be failure to actuate, sliding block 81 is supported on support plate 83; First control on-off valve and open, to the interior injection pressure of unidirectional oil cylinder 41 oil, the expansion link of unidirectional oil cylinder 41 stretches out and makes to squeeze the crowded forging end face that crowded swaging 5 is stretched out in hole 9, then controls on-off valve and disconnects and make to squeeze hole 9 and keep stretching out state.
Blank is inserted in the lower mode cavity 21 of counterdie 2; patrix driving mechanism 3 orders about patrix 1 and moves downward matched moulds; when upper moving plate 15 and lower moving plate 25 are affixed; adopt clamping mechanism that upper moving plate 15 and lower moving plate 25 are fastened to locking; upper cavity 11 and lower mode cavity 21 form the die cavity of sealing, and blank is wrapped in the die cavity of this sealing.
Patrix driving mechanism 3 continues to drive upper squeeze swaging 5 and the synchronous direction motion to squeezing forging stock material of unidirectional oil cylinder 41, squeeze hole 9 with unidirectional oil cylinder 41 also to the direction motion of squeezing forging stock material, squeezing hole 9 contacts and squeezes hole with blank prior to upper crowded swaging 5, because the pressure oil in unidirectional oil cylinder 41 is closed, squeeze hole 9 and do not shrink back after the meeting into upper crowded swaging 5, the oil pressure in unidirectional oil cylinder 41 increases with the increase of squeezing hole depth.Meanwhile, the first buffer-oriented assembly 27 is compressed, and lower mold core 26 is moved downward with respect to lower crowded swaging 7, and lower crowded swaging 7 stretches into die cavity and contacts with blank and squeeze forging.
When crowded hole 9 is extruded into after certain depth, oil pressure in unidirectional oil cylinder 41 reaches the setup pressure value of electro connecting pressure gauge, electro connecting pressure gauge control on-off valve is opened unidirectional oil cylinder 41 is carried out to release, squeeze the expansion link active force that hole 9 loses unidirectional oil cylinder 41, now patrix driving mechanism 3 continues to drive upper squeeze swaging 5 and the synchronous direction motion to squeezing forging stock material of unidirectional oil cylinder 41, because upper crowded swaging 5 is rigidly connected with patrix driving mechanism 3, it continues motion and presses to blank, squeezes hole 9 upwards crowded interior retractions of swaging 5 under the reaction force of blank.Until squeeze hole 9 retraction to concordant with the crowded forging end face of upper crowded swaging 5, the expansion link of unidirectional oil cylinder 41 moves to Shi Ji hole, limes superiors position 9 cannot be continued to retreat, and upper crowded swaging 5 and crowded hole 9 associated movement squeeze forging stock material.Finally, squeeze hole 9, on squeeze under the crowded forging effect of swaging 5 and lower crowded swaging 7, blank is squeezed to forging molding and obtains the workpiece needing.
Workpiece squeezes after forging molding, and patrix driving mechanism 3 drives the die sinking that moves upward of patrix 1 integral body, drives lower crowded swaging 7 to stretch out the workpiece after moulding is ejected with telescopic oil cylinder 82 at present.
After once squeezing and having forged, start core rod, upper crowded swaging 5, lower crowded swaging 7 and discharging mechanism to carry out the cooling and surface cleaning of high-pressure blast.Before being reentered into blank on squeeze swaging 5 and patrix 1 spraying lubricating fluid, and the die cavity being comprised of lower crowded swaging 7 and counterdie 2 also sprays full lubricating fluid simultaneously, by manipulator, put into new hot blank again, hot swaging machine completes automatic charge, matched moulds, locked mode, again spraying into lubricating fluid makes hot shape blank and mould in isolation, heat conduction is reduced, and mould institute received heat is very little.
The above is only preferred embodiment of the present utility model, and protection domain of the present utility model is also not only confined to above-described embodiment.For those skilled in the art, do not departing under the utility model technical conceive prerequisite resulting improvement and conversion also should be considered as protection domain of the present utility model.
Claims (10)
1. a shaped device that squeezes forging molding for plastic deformation, comprise patrix (1), counterdie (2) and the patrix driving mechanism (3) being connected with patrix (1), it is characterized in that: described patrix (1) is provided with upper cavity (11), upper the first crowded passage (12) of forging forging assembly and be communicated with upper cavity (11) that squeezes, described counterdie (2) is provided with for coordinate the lower mode cavity (21) that forms near closed hollow ring with described upper cavity (11), described crowded forging assembly comprises the upper crowded swaging (5) that squeezes hole head (9) and be connected with patrix driving mechanism (3), described crowded hole head (9) is slidedly arranged in described crowded swaging (5) along squeezing forging direction, described crowded forging assembly also comprises that can drive crowded hole head (9) to stretch out crowded swaging (5) squeezes hole on blank, and after extrusion cavities, make to squeeze and in hole head (9) retraction, squeeze swaging (5) and jointly squeeze the crowded hole driving mechanism (4) of forging stock material with upper crowded swaging (5).
2. the shaped device that squeezes forging molding for plastic deformation according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described crowded hole driving mechanism (4) is connected with patrix driving mechanism (3) and relies on the driving force of patrix driving mechanism (3) to make to squeeze the crowded hole of hole head (9).
3. the shaped device that squeezes forging molding for plastic deformation according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described crowded hole driving mechanism (4) comprises the unidirectional oil cylinder (41) being connected with the drive end of described patrix driving mechanism (3), the oil-in of described unidirectional oil cylinder (41) is provided with the control valve group (42) of carrying out off-load when oil pressure reaches setting value in unidirectional oil cylinder (41).
4. the shaped device that squeezes forging molding for plastic deformation according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described control valve group (42) comprises the on-off valve of being controlled break-make by electro connecting pressure gauge.
5. the shaped device that squeezes forging molding for plastic deformation according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described patrix driving mechanism (3) comprises telescopic oil cylinder, the cylinder body of described unidirectional oil cylinder (41) is integrally formed on the expansion link of described upper telescopic oil cylinder.
6. the shaped device that squeezes forging molding for plastic deformation according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the oil-in of described unidirectional oil cylinder (41) is also connected with passive type overpressure unloading valve (6), described passive type overpressure unloading valve (6) comprises valve body (61) and is slidedly arranged on the spool (62) in described valve body (61), described spool (62) is provided with the first hydraulic-driven portion (621) vertically successively, the second hydraulic-driven portion (622) and the 3rd hydraulic-driven portion (623), described valve body (61) is provided with the first pressure oil cavity (611) that is communicated with the low pressure oil way of hydraulic system and drives the first hydraulic-driven portion (621), the 3rd pressure oil cavity (613) that is communicated with and drives second pressure oil cavity (612) of the second hydraulic-driven portion (622) and be communicated with and drive the 3rd hydraulic-driven portion (623) with the low pressure oil way of hydraulic system with the oil-in of unidirectional oil cylinder (41), the driving direction of described the second hydraulic-driven portion (622) and the 3rd hydraulic-driven portion (623) is in the same way and contrary with the driving direction of the first hydraulic-driven portion (621), the oil pressure active area that the oil pressure active area of described the first hydraulic-driven portion (621) is greater than described the second hydraulic-driven portion (622) adds the oil pressure active area sum of the above the 3rd hydraulic-driven portion (623), described spool (62) makes the oil-in of described unidirectional oil cylinder (41) be communicated with or disconnect with the low pressure oil way of hydraulic system by slip.
7. according to the shaped device for the crowded forging molding of plastic deformation described in any one in claim 1 ~ 6, it is characterized in that: the second crowded passage (22) of forging that described counterdie (2) is also provided with lower swaging machine structure and is communicated with described lower mode cavity (21), described lower swaging machine structure comprises lower crowded swaging (7), and described lower crowded swaging (7) is slidedly arranged on described second and squeezes in forging passage (22).
8. the shaped device that squeezes forging molding for plastic deformation according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: described patrix (1) comprises upper bolster (13), upper stress circle (14), upper moving plate (15) and upper mold core (16), it is upper that described upper mold core (16) is installed on upper moving plate (15) by upper stress circle (14), and described upper cavity (11) and first squeezes forging passage (12) and is located in described upper mold core (16); Described counterdie (2) comprises die shoe (23), lower circle stress (24), lower moving plate (25) and lower mold core (26), it is upper that described lower mold core (26) is installed on lower moving plate (25) by lower circle stress (24), and described lower mode cavity (21) and second squeezes forging passage (22) and is located in described lower mold core (26); It is coaxially arranged along matched moulds direction that the described second crowded forging passage (22) and first squeezes forging passage (12).
9. the shaped device that squeezes forging molding for plastic deformation according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: described upper moving plate (15) is connected with upper bolster (13) by the second buffer-oriented assembly (17) and can reciprocatingly slides with respect to upper bolster (13), described lower moving plate (25) is connected with die shoe (23) by the first buffer-oriented assembly (27) and can reciprocatingly slides with respect to die shoe (23).
10. the shaped device that squeezes forging molding for plastic deformation according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: described shaped device also comprises for driving lower crowded swaging (7) to eject the discharging driven unit (8) of blank, described discharging driven unit (8) comprises the sliding block (81) being slidedly arranged on die shoe (23) and is installed in the lower telescopic oil cylinder (82) on die shoe (23), described die shoe (23) is provided with the support plate (83) for supporting described sliding block (81), described lower crowded swaging (7) is fixedly arranged on described sliding block (81), described lower telescopic oil cylinder (82) is connected with described sliding block (81) and can drives sliding block (81) to slide and stretch into described lower mode cavity (21) with lower crowded swaging (7).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420405178.XU CN204018406U (en) | 2014-07-22 | 2014-07-22 | For plastic deformation, squeeze the shaped device of forging molding |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420405178.XU CN204018406U (en) | 2014-07-22 | 2014-07-22 | For plastic deformation, squeeze the shaped device of forging molding |
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| CN204018406U true CN204018406U (en) | 2014-12-17 |
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| CN201420405178.XU Withdrawn - After Issue CN204018406U (en) | 2014-07-22 | 2014-07-22 | For plastic deformation, squeeze the shaped device of forging molding |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104084440A (en) * | 2014-07-22 | 2014-10-08 | 株洲市文佳实业有限公司 | Forming device for plastic swaging forming of metal |
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2014
- 2014-07-22 CN CN201420405178.XU patent/CN204018406U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104084440A (en) * | 2014-07-22 | 2014-10-08 | 株洲市文佳实业有限公司 | Forming device for plastic swaging forming of metal |
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