CN203981700U - 粉尘通流量检测装置 - Google Patents
粉尘通流量检测装置 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本实用新型公开了粉尘通流量检测装置，上游电荷传感器、下游电荷传感器分别与A/D转换单元的输入端连接；上游电荷传感器与下游电荷传感器各自具有的直线段状电荷感应探头分别经直线段状烟气输流管管壁开设的插孔伸入直线段状烟气输流管内部而且分别与一插孔相对固定并相互静密封，上游电荷传感器具有的直线段状电荷感应探头与上游电荷传感器具有的直线段状电荷感应探头均垂直于直线段状烟气输流管；调理模块包括依次串接的D/A转换单元、放大单元及隔离单元，处理模块包括依次串接的采样单元、处理单元及输出单元，A/D转换单元的输出端与D/A转换单元的输入端连接，隔离单元的输出端与采样单元的输入端连接。本实用新型能进一步提高粉尘粒子相关测量值的精准度。
Description
技术领域
本实用新型涉及粉尘感测技术，特别是粉尘通流量检测装置。
背景技术
目前，火力发电厂在发电机组运行时，面临着以下诸类问题：①各中的煤粉量不均匀；②一次风、粉管道堵粉；③一次风、粉管道里煤粉流速过低引起自燃；④一次风、粉管道里煤粉流速过高引起煤粉冲刷炉墙；⑤煤粉不完全燃烧，产生结焦；⑥炉膛燃心偏移，烧结水冷壁。煤粉在粉碎和运输过程中容易带有电荷，当煤粉静电电压满足放电条件时亦会引起煤粉自燃且当带有电荷的煤粉会使得设备带点引发安全隐患。要解决以上问题，就需要一种设备来在线监测一次风、粉管道中煤粉的风量、浓度以及颗粒度，然而现有火力发电厂通过测量一次风压的方法或者温度法来计算煤粉的风量、浓度以及颗粒度，其主要缺点为煤粉受粉尘粒子成份的变化及周边环境（如：温度、压力、湿度）等变化的影响，导致测量误差大。
实用新型内容
本实用新型的目的在于提供一种粉尘通流量检测装置，能进一步提高粉尘粒子相关测量值的精准度。
本实用新型的目的是这样实现的：一种粉尘通流量检测装置，包括传感模块，传感模块包括上游电荷传感器、下游电荷传感器及A/D转换单元，上游电荷传感器、下游电荷传感器分别与A/D转换单元的输入端连接；上游电荷传感器具有的直线段状电荷感应探头与下游电荷传感器具有的直线段状电荷感应探头分别经直线段状烟气输流管管壁开设的插孔伸入直线段状烟气输流管内部，上游电荷传感器与下游电荷传感器各自具有的直线段状电荷感应探头分别与一插孔相对固定并相互静密封，而且上游电荷传感器具有的直线段状电荷感应探头与上游电荷传感器具有的直线段状电荷感应探头均垂直于直线段状烟气输流管；还包括调理模块和处理模块，调理模块包括依次串接的D/A转换单元、放大单元及隔离单元，处理模块包括依次串接的采样单元、处理单元及输出单元，A/D转换单元的输出端与D/A转换单元的输入端连接，隔离单元的输出端与采样单元的输入端连接。
本实用新型的工作原理为：粉尘颗粒经过直线段状烟气输流管时在相互碰撞、摩擦之后，则带有一定的电荷量，同时产生一定的电荷场，当这些粉尘颗粒通过上、下游电荷传感器的探头附近时，两个传感器探头的表面将会产生等量的感应电荷，随后产生感应电流，即在上、下游传感器探头上产生两个随机模拟电信号，A/D转换单元将此模拟信号转换成数字信号并以数字传送方式发送给调理模块，经D/A转换单元逆转成的模拟信号依次通过放大单元放大，再通过隔离单元将其中的干扰信号隔离、滤除，以至只有相关的测量模拟信号输出给处理模块，处理模块通过调理单元接收传感模块发送的信号，经采样单元进行D/A采样再发送至处理单元，处理单元中包括微机控制单元（MCU），得出两个随机信号的时间差△t，由于上、下游传感器探头之间的距离L是恒定的，从而可以准确的计算出粉尘颗粒的流速V=L/△t，在输入管道的截面积后就可测得粉尘的体积流量；当装置接入温度和压力变送器后就可以计算出标准状况下的粉尘的体积流量(风量)。采用交流电荷感应技术测量流速V时，出于本实用新型的测量目的在于粉尘粒子通过上、下游传感器时产生的电荷信号的时差△t，因而测量精度不受粉尘粒子成份的变化及周边环境（如：温度、压力、湿度）等变化的影响，因此可实现高精度的、稳定的流量测量。本实用新型检测粉尘颗粒或烟气浓度的原理则是利用传感器感应交流电荷扰动量与粉尘排放浓度成正相关性的关系，在运用测得的实时流速V并对其进行修正后，便可以准确地测得粉尘或烟气中烟尘的相对浓度值，经现场标定后就可得到粉尘或烟尘浓度的绝对值。
本实用新型的技术优势在于：1.采用国际最先进的“交相关法”提供真实、准确的烟气流速及烟尘的浓度或排放量，彻底摆脱常规差压式、热式等测量方法所需的维护和清扫问题；2.不受烟气流动形式、气流类型及外界环境（如：温度、压力、湿度）的影响；3.100%的线性度，0.1%的重复度；4.风中的灰含量或传感器上的积灰不会影响系统的测量精度；5.传感器具有极高的耐腐蚀性；6.传感器的安装和更换非常简单，并且更换后不需要重新标定；7.只需要很短（最小可达到100mm）的直管段就能达到相当的测量精度。
综上所述，本实用新型能进一步提高粉尘粒子相关测量值的精准度。
附图说明
下面将结合附图对本实用新型作进一步说明。
图1为本实用新型的总体连接示意图。
具体实施方式
一种粉尘通流量检测装置，如图1、图2所示，包括传感模块1，传感模块1包括上游电荷传感器11、下游电荷传感器12及A/D转换单元，上游电荷传感器11、下游电荷传感器12分别与A/D转换单元的输入端连接；上游电荷传感器11具有的直线段状电荷感应探头与下游电荷传感器12具有的直线段状电荷感应探头分别经直线段状烟气输流管21管壁开设的插孔伸入直线段状烟气输流管21内部，上游电荷传感器11与下游电荷传感器12各自具有的直线段状电荷感应探头分别与一插孔相对固定并相互静密封，而且上游电荷传感器11具有的直线段状电荷感应探头与上游电荷传感器11具有的直线段状电荷感应探头均垂直于直线段状烟气输流管21；还包括调理模块3和处理模块2，调理模块3包括依次串接的D/A转换单元、放大单元及隔离单元，处理模块2包括依次串接的采样单元、处理单元及输出单元， A/D转换单元的输出端与D/A转换单元的输入端连接，隔离单元的输出端与采样单元的输入端连接。
Claims (1)
1.一种粉尘通流量检测装置，包括传感模块（1），传感模块（1）包括上游电荷传感器（11）、下游电荷传感器（12）及A/D转换单元，上游电荷传感器（11）、下游电荷传感器（12）分别与A/D转换单元的输入端连接；其特征在于：上游电荷传感器（11）具有的直线段状电荷感应探头与下游电荷传感器（12）具有的直线段状电荷感应探头分别经直线段状烟气输流管（21）管壁开设的插孔伸入直线段状烟气输流管（21）内部，上游电荷传感器（11）与下游电荷传感器（12）各自具有的直线段状电荷感应探头分别与一插孔相对固定并相互静密封，而且上游电荷传感器（11）具有的直线段状电荷感应探头与上游电荷传感器（11）具有的直线段状电荷感应探头均垂直于直线段状烟气输流管（21）；还包括调理模块（3）和处理模块（2），调理模块（3）包括依次串接的D/A转换单元、放大单元及隔离单元，处理模块（2）包括依次串接的采样单元、处理单元及输出单元， A/D转换单元的输出端与D/A转换单元的输入端连接，隔离单元的输出端与采样单元的输入端连接。
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