CN203968709U

CN203968709U - A kind of axial threshing or axial flow separate combine hay cutter

Info

Publication number: CN203968709U
Application number: CN201420442769.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘岩
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2014-08-02
Filing date: 2014-08-02
Publication date: 2014-12-03
Anticipated expiration: 2024-08-02

Abstract

Market axial threshing or axial flow separate the shortcoming of combine chaffcutter device, and consumption of power is large, volume, weight is large, power transmission path is long.When axial-flow threshing device work, along with the rotation of threshing cylinder, it is for the helical movement that crop is being pasted the cylinder intrados of concave grate and top cover composition, crop is flow through the angle that becomes all the time about 15 degree left and right in sheller unit process with threshing cylinder axis direction, the utility model content is: around the diametric(al) of the cylinder intrados of concave grate and top cover composition, threshing cylinder, cylinder external diameter, the exit of straw grass arranges the rotatable blade vertical with threshing cylinder axis, at the exit of straw grass cut-out straw grass.Be provided with the straw grass fixture with sawtooth at threshing cylinder afterbody, it and blade have fixing gap, the straw grass of straw grass being fixed, being cut off and discharging cut-out in diameter of cylinder direction when effect is sheller unit work.The advantage of this hay cutter is, weight, volume is little, simple in structure, production cost is low, power consumption is low, fault is low.

Description

A kind of axial threshing or axial flow separate combine hay cutter

Affiliated technical field

The utility model relates to the combine of the threshing of axial flow form or the separation of axial flow form, is specifically related to straw grass shredding mechanism.

Background technology

At present, known combine axial-flow threshing device is to be made up of threshing cylinder, top cover, guide plate, concave grate, frame, guide plate is fixedly connected on the intrados of top cover, guide plate is the principal character of axial-flow threshing device, threshing cylinder is made up of threshing element and other member, threshing element has rasp bar formula, spiketooth type, bar tooth-like etc., above some threshing cylinders, only has a kind of threshing element, above some threshing cylinders, there are two kinds of threshing elements, its king-rod is tooth-like be mainly used to dewater rice or be arranged on the threshing cylinder second half section and play centrifugation; Rasp bar formula is mainly used to de-wheat, soybean, corn etc.; Spiketooth type is mainly used to the rice that dewaters; Threshing cylinder is fixed in frame by bearing, and top cover is on threshing cylinder top and be fixed in frame, and concave grate is in threshing cylinder bottom and be fixed in frame.When axial-flow threshing device work, crop is fed by one end of threshing cylinder, feeding mode is divided again axial feeding and radially feeding, axially feeding feeding end is helical blade, helical blade imports sheller unit crop, axially feeding axial-flow threshing device divides again single cylinder and twin-roll arranged side by side, and the axial feeding sheller unit on market is longitudinally to arrange on combine; Radially feeding is exactly that cylinder does not have helical blade and centrum, and a square feeding mouth is set on concave grate, and crop enters sheller unit by square feeding mouth, and the sheller unit that radially feeds on market is lateral arrangement on combine; In sheller unit when work,, along with threshing cylinder rotates with crop, make to do deposits yields centrifugal force, and it is for the helical movement with the cylinder intrados that top cover forms that crop is being pasted concave grate, flows through sheller unit along threshing cylinder axis direction.Grain, crushing straw are fallen by notch board sieve aperture under the effect of threshing cylinder centrifugal force, and straw grass is discharged from the other end of threshing cylinder.In threshing course, the effect of guide plate is that crop is moved along threshing cylinder axis direction, and concave grate plays threshing and the effect separating.

Also have in addition axial-flow type drum device mainly to play the combine of seed centrifugation, before axial-flow type drum device, cut together in addition flow threshing device, cut flow threshing device by threshing cylinder, top cover, concave grate, frame forms, cutting flow threshing device principal character is on top cover, there is no guide plate, crop is also without top cover, crop enters opposite side out from concave grate one side, crop is not axially flowed along threshing cylinder, cutting the flow threshing device threshing time is approximately 1/10 of the axial-flow threshing device threshing time, at present, the flow threshing device of cutting on all market is lateral arrangement on combine, cutting flow threshing device is exactly after cylinder tangential direction goes out concave grate, to enter axial flow threshing separation facility below again after crop enters between cylinder and concave grate along cylinder tangential direction, cut flow roller device plays 70% threshing and 50% centrifugation above, axial-flow type drum device below plays 30% threshing and 50% centrifugation, above numerical value is approximative value, threshing element on axial-flow type drum is mainly that bar is tooth-like, divide by the putting position of cylinder, the position relationship that cut flow roller and axial flow are separated into master rotor divides again two kinds, the first: it is parallel that cut flow roller and axial flow are separated into main cylinder, at this moment axial flow is separated into master rotor and radially feeds, also claim twin-roll, twice cylinder is all lateral arrangement on combine, the second: first cut flow roller is lateral arrangement on combine, axial flow is separated into main cylinder perpendicular to cut flow roller, at this moment it is axially feeding that axial flow is separated into main cylinder, on combine, be longitudinally to arrange, that its Axial-Flow is separated into is main, axially feeding, on combine, be the cylinder longitudinally arranged divide again single axial stream be separated into master rotor and side by side twin shaft stream be separated into master rotor, above horizontal flow-cut threshing cylinder, join one or two longitudinal axial flows arranged side by side below and be separated into main cylinder.The above sheller unit Threshing is better.But complex structure, power consumption are larger.

Axial threshing described below or axial flow separator comprise axial-flow threshing device second after cut flow roller sheller unit together with having above and are separated into main axial flow separator; The separation barrel of the threshing cylinder that cylinder described below comprises axial-flow threshing device second axial flow separator after flow-cut threshing cylinder together with having above; Axial threshing refers to that crop directly enters an axial-flow threshing device or enters two axial-flow threshing devices arranged side by side simultaneously and complete threshing and separation process through conveying plant, and axial threshing feature is that crop completes threshing through one cylinder and separate overall process; Axial flow separates and refers to that crop enters first through conveying plant and cuts flow threshing device and complete 70% threshing and enter second be separated into main axial flow separator after 50% separates, be separated into main axial flow separator and complete 30% threshing and separate with 50%, axial flow separates and refers to axial flow and be separated into master.

At present; known combine chaffcutter device is all external hanging type; be that chaffcutter device hangs over the afterbody of combine or hangs over axial threshing or the afterbody of axial flow separator; the straw grass that axial threshing or axial flow separator afterbody are discharged is fallen chaffcutter device the inside; chaffcutter device is provided with the moving knife of fixed stationary knife and rotation; moving knife, with the rotation of straw grass, intersects and after the chopping of straw grass quilt, fell field while revolving stationary knife.The shortcoming of existing chaffcutter device, because there is stationary knife, in the cut process of straw grass, part straw grass by tear fracture with interrupt, causes that the vibrations of chaffcutter device are large, consumption of power is large; In addition, chaffcutter body is long-pending, weight is larger, and some small rice combine overall mass are relatively more gently better; The power transmission path length of some small rice combine chaffcutter devices, space are also restricted; Or stationary knife extension grass inhomogeneous because of the straw grass of falling chaffcutter device the inside causes the obstruction of chaffcutter device to cause combine cisco unity malfunction in addition.

Summary of the invention

When axial threshing or the work of axial flow separator, along with the rotation of cylinder, it is for the helical movement that crop is being pasted the cylinder intrados of concave grate and top cover composition, flow through axial threshing or axial flow separator along cylinder axis direction, crop is equivalent to helical form one circle, one circle is fixed on cylinder external diameter and around rotates together with cylinder, the thick layer of crop is in 30mm left and right, the screw lift angle of crop is in 15 degree left and right, crop is flow through the angle that becomes all the time 15 degree left and right in axial threshing or axial flow separator process with cylinder axis direction, this angle be substantially on top cover guide plate angle 1/2, here a just approximative value of 15 degree.Content of the present invention is: the cylinder intrados forming with top cover at concave grate and cylinder intrados extend the setting rotatable blade vertical with cylinder axis on profile; like this; rotating blade just becomes 15 degree with straw grass; rotatable blade external diameter intersects with cylinder external diameter, in the time that crop is flow through in axial threshing or axial flow separator process through rotating blade, is cut off.Rotatable blade can be arranged on the exit of axial threshing or axial flow separator; it is cylinder external diameter tangential direction that straw grass is discharged direction; crop has completed threshing herein, has been separated into straw grass; rotatable blade just can complete the chopping to straw grass; because cut straw grass has very high linear velocity with drum rotating, be easy to discharge sheller unit.Rotatable blade also can be arranged on other position of the cylinder intrados of axial threshing or axial flow separator concave grate and top cover composition, can cut off crop or straw grass.

The utility model solves the technical scheme that its technical problem adopts: around the diametric(al) of axial threshing or axial flow separator cylinder, cylinder external diameter, one or several blade of opening tooth on circumference are set; blade is fixedly connected on blade shaft; blade shaft is connected in frame by bearing, bearing block, other member or is connected on concave grate or is connected on top cover, and the cylinder intrados that blade external diameter exceeds concave grate and top cover composition intersects with cylinder external diameter.Drive the power of blade and blade shaft from the motor of drum shaft or hydraulic system of harvesting machine, the kind of drive of diaxon can be belt and belt sheave structure, chain and chain sprocket structure, gear structure, transmission shaft structure.Need be to the compacting of straw grass when straw grass cuts off, fixing, be cut off in addition the discharge of straw grass, because disconnected grass is between blade, the direction of rotation of blade is contrary with the direction of rotation of straw grass, discharge disconnected careless member between two blades so need arrange on cylinder, the first scheme: be provided with the roller forage discharging plate with sawtooth at cylinder afterbody, it and rotating blade have fixing gap, when effect is axial threshing or the work of axial flow separator, straw grass is fixed in diameter of cylinder direction, being conducive to straw grass is cut off, sawtooth on roller forage discharging plate can be discharged sheller unit the straw grass cutting off between adjacent all right one way or the other rotating blade.The length of chopping straw grass can be controlled with the roller forage discharging plate quantity that increases cylinder the foot section brought sawtooth by the quantity that increases rotatable blade; Alternative plan: be provided with cylinder straw grass fixed head at cylinder afterbody, cylinder straw grass fixed head be located at the both sides of rotatable blade and with rotatable blade crossing condition, between adjacent all right one way or the other rotating blade, roller rod tooth is set, the roller rod tooth effect between all right one way or the other rotating blade is exactly that the straw grass cutting off is discharged to sheller unit; Third party's case: can roller forage discharging plate and cylinder straw grass fixed head be set simultaneously at diverse location or a position on a cylinder; Cubic case: also can roller forage discharging plate and two parts of cylinder straw grass fixed head do not arrange, the effect of cutting off can be almost, the straw grass cutting off is discharged by the bar tooth on cylinder or other threshing element, this scheme straw grass can only lean on the centrifugal force of straw grass rotation to straw grass compacting and fixing while cut-out, the inertia that the centrifugal force of straw grass rotation and very high linear velocity produce also contributes to the cut-out of straw grass.

The utility model beneficial effect is, new hay cutter is more lightweight than the existing chaffcutter device in market, volume little a lot, simple in structure, drive path is short, failure rate is low, production cost are low; Because, by the revolving force of cylinder, when rotatable blade High Rotation Speed, consumption of power is very little, so the power consumption of chaffcutter process is very low when straw grass cuts off; Combine completes chaffcutter in threshing or separator.

Brief description of the drawings

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the utility model is further illustrated.

Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 represent longitudinally to place single drum shaft to feeding axial-flow threshing device on combine, and in figure, threshing element is bar tooth; The half of longitudinally placing side by side dual-drum axial flow threshing device on combine is also such; Longitudinal placement after combine goes forward to cut stream threshing axially feeds single drum shaft, and to feeding axial flow, to be separated into main device be also such; Longitudinal placement after combine goes forward the to cut stream threshing axially half of the axial flow separator of feeding twin-roll arranged side by side is also such.

Fig. 1 longitudinally places the vertical section structural map of single drum shaft to feeding axial-flow threshing device on combine.

Fig. 2 is Fig. 1 left view.

Fig. 3 is the I-I cutaway view of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is the II-II cutaway view of Fig. 2, has only cutd open most parts in figure.

Fig. 5 is another kind of embodiment.

Fig. 6 is the III-III cutaway view of Fig. 5, has only cutd open most parts in figure.

In figure, 1. cylinder 1-1. roller forage discharging plate 1-2. cylinder straw grass fixed head 2. top cover 3. guide plate 4. cylinder rotation direction 5. concave grate 6. frame 6-1. frame rear end plate 6-2. frame rear bulkhead 6-3. frame grass guide board 7. straw grass outlet and direction 8. blade 9. blade shaft 10. drum pulley 11. belt 12. blade belt pulleys

Embodiment

As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3, Figure 4; for a kind of axial threshing of the utility model or axial flow separation combine hay cutter the first embodiment; it comprises frame 6; frame 6 is made up of frame rear end plate 6-1, frame rear bulkhead 6-2, frame grass guide board 6-3 and other member; frame 6 is arranged on chassis of combine harvester; cylinder 1 is fixed in frame 6 by bearing, and top cover 2 is on cylinder 1 top and be fixed in frame 6, and concave grate 5 is in threshing cylinder 1 bottom and be fixed in frame 6.Guide plate 3 is fixedly connected on the intrados of top cover 2, and cylinder 1 is made up of the tooth-like threshing element of bar, roller forage discharging plate 1-1 and other member.

Be single drum shaft as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3, Figure 4 to feeding axial-flow threshing device or single drum shaft to feeding axial flow separator, axially feeding feeding end is helical blade, helical blade imports sheller unit crop, and axially feed roller is all longitudinally to arrange on grain header.

Feeding mode is except axially feeding radially feeding in addition; radially feeding axial-flow threshing device or axial flow separator do not represent in the accompanying drawings; radially feeding axial-flow threshing device or radially to feed axial flow separator be exactly that cylinder feeding end does not arrange helical blade and centrum; a square feeding mouth is set on concave grate; crop enters threshing or separator by square feeding mouth, and radially feed roller is all horizontally set on grain header.

The utility model straw grass outlet 7 is located at axial-flow threshing device afterbody concave grate 5 outsides, in frame 6, arrange, be fixedly connected with frame grass guide board 6-3, on frame grass guide board 6-3, have bakie, blade 8 is through strip bakie, blade 8 external diameters exceed cylinder intrados that concave grate 5 and top cover 2 form and intersect with cylinder 1 external diameter or have a certain distance, in cylinder 1 afterbody setting, be fixedly connected with the roller forage discharging plate 1-1 with sawtooth, serrated portion and blade 8 have fixing gap, when effect is axial threshing or the work of axial flow separator, straw grass is fixed in diameter of cylinder direction, being conducive to straw grass is cut off.Blade 8 is fixedly connected on blade shaft 9, and blade shaft 9 is connected on frame rear end plate 6-1 and frame rear bulkhead 6-2 by member, other member of bearing, spring bearing.

Frame grass guide board 6-3 also can be fixedly connected in frame 6 with the member of blade 8, blade shaft 9, bearing, spring bearing, parts of other member composition, and this scheme does not represent in the accompanying drawings.

The chaffcutter unit of the member composition of blade 8, blade shaft 9, bearing, spring bearing can arrange one group or array as required around cylinder external diameter, and described one group or array chaffcutter unit can be fixedly connected on above any one in frame, concave grate, top cover or be fixedly connected on above two or three.Except the scheme arranging a group does not represent in the accompanying drawings.

Drive the power of blade 8 and blade shaft 9 from the axle of threshing cylinder 1, diaxon connects drum pulley 10 and blade belt pulley 12 transferring power by belt 11, blade belt pulley 12 is fixedly connected on blade shaft 9, drum pulley 10 is fixedly connected on the axle of cylinder 1, belt need have strainer, and strainer does not draw in the accompanying drawings.

The kind of drive of diaxon can be also chain and chain sprocket structure, gear structure, transmission shaft structure, and wherein chain drive need have strainer, and the above various kinds of drive can be used separately also and can be used in combination.The various kinds of drive do not represent in the accompanying drawings above.

The power of driving blade 8 also can be from the motor of hydraulic system of harvesting machine, and this scheme does not represent in the accompanying drawings.

As Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, shown in Fig. 4, cylinder 1 is axially feeding, when cylinder work, crop is fed by helical blade one end, along with cylinder 1 is by the rotation of the direction shown in 4, it is for the helical movement with the cylinder intrados that top cover 2 forms that crop is being pasted concave grate 5, the effect of guide plate 3 is to make crop move and flow through sheller unit along cylinder 1 axis direction, concave grate 5 plays flailing action, concave grate 5 works to separate grain simultaneously, grain, crushing straw is fallen by notch board sieve aperture under the effect of cylinder 1 centrifugal force, blade 8 is arranged on the exit of axial-flow threshing device, crop has completed threshing herein, being separated into straw grass helical form is fixed in the external diameter circumference profile of roller forage discharging plate 1-1 formation, the straw grass rotating under the drive of cylinder flows through after the blade 8 of rotation and frame grass guide board 6-3 are shredded discharges along the outlet of straw grass and direction 7.

Fig. 5, Fig. 6 are the another kind of embodiment that a kind of axial threshing of the utility model or axial flow separate combine hay cutter, cylinder 1 is made up of the tooth-like threshing element of bar, cylinder straw grass fixed head 1-2 and other member, the afterbody of cylinder 1 and Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 intermediate roll afterbody are different, cylinder straw grass fixed head 1-2 has been installed, and is another kind of straw grass fixed form; Between blade 8, distance is different from Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4; In figure, identical described in the effect of top cover 2, guide plate 3, cylinder rotation direction 4, frame 6, frame rear end plate 6-1, frame rear bulkhead 6-2, frame grass guide board 6-3, straw grass outlet and direction 7, blade 8, blade shaft 9, drum pulley 10, belt 11, blade belt pulley 12 and Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4.

In this embodiment, the circumferential edges of cylinder 1 stern roll straw grass fixed head 1-2 has sawtooth, cylinder straw grass fixed head 1-2 is perpendicular to cylinder axis, when cylinder work, straw grass helical form is fixed in the external diameter circumference profile that the threshing cylinder 1 afterbody multi-disc straw grass fixed head 1-2 of rotation forms, and straw grass flows through after the blade 8 of rotation and frame grass guide board 6-3 are shredded discharges along the outlet of straw grass and direction 7 under roller rod tooth hits.Cylinder straw grass fixed head 1-2 plays fixing straw grass, and cylinder straw grass fixed head 1-2 and blade 8 can crossing condition, and straw grass cuts off more thorough.

On combine, laterally placing single rotary drum radial does not draw in the accompanying drawings to the axial-flow threshing device of feeding; On combine, laterally place twice parallel roller, the front stream threshing radially axial flow separator of feeding afterwards of cutting does not draw in the accompanying drawings.

Combine is gathered in the crops various crop differences, and threshing unit difference on cylinder has only drawn the tooth-like threshing of bar unit in accompanying drawing, and rasp bar formula, spiketooth type threshing unit do not draw in the accompanying drawings;

On a cylinder, can roller forage discharging plate 1-1 and cylinder straw grass fixed head 1-2 be set simultaneously at diverse location or a position; This scheme does not draw in the accompanying drawings.

Also can roller forage discharging plate 1-1 on a cylinder and two parts of cylinder straw grass fixed head 1-2 do not arrange, this scheme straw grass can only lean on the centrifugal force of straw grass rotation to straw grass compacting and fixing while cut-out, the inertia that the centrifugal force of straw grass rotation and very high linear velocity produce also contributes to the cut-out of straw grass, and the straw grass of cut-out goes out by the bar tooth row on cylinder; This scheme does not draw in the accompanying drawings.

Claims

1. an axial threshing or axial flow separate combine hay cutter, it comprises: cylinder, top cover, guide plate, concave grate, frame, it is characterized in that: in the diametric(al) of cylinder, cylinder external diameter arranges one or several rotatable blade around, the diameter center of blade extends outside profile at cylinder intrados and the cylinder intrados of concave grate and top cover composition, blade section extends profile through cylinder intrados and the cylinder intrados of concave grate and top cover composition, blade external diameter outline line exceeds the cylinder intrados of concave grate and top cover composition and cylinder intrados and extends profile and intersect with cylinder external diameter or have a certain distance, blade is to be fixedly connected in frame or through Accessory Members and to be fixedly connected on concave grate or through Accessory Members and to be fixedly connected on top cover through Accessory Members, described being fixedly connected with refers to being fixedly connected with except blade rotation.

2. axial threshing according to claim 1 or axial flow separate combine hay cutter, it is characterized in that: the member that described Accessory Members comprises blade shaft, bearing, spring bearing.

3. axial threshing according to claim 1 or axial flow separate combine hay cutter, it is characterized in that: the described diametric(al) at cylinder, cylinder external diameter around, arrange one or several rotatable blade are arranged on axial threshing or the careless exit of axial flow separator afterbody straw and perpendicular to cylinder axis.

4. axial threshing according to claim 1 or axial flow separate combine hay cutter; it is characterized in that: the axle of blade shaft and cylinder is connected with belt pulley by belt; blade belt pulley is fixedly connected on blade shaft, and drum pulley is fixedly connected on the axle of cylinder.

5. axial threshing according to claim 1 or axial flow separate combine hay cutter; it is characterized in that: the power of blade shaft is from the hydraulic motor of hydraulic system or the axle of cylinder; the axle of cylinder and blade shaft are connected by belt and belt pulley, chain and sprocket wheel, gear, wherein one or more of power transmission shaft, and the axle of its intermediate roll has strainer while connection by belt and belt pulley, chain and sprocket wheel with blade shaft.

6. axial threshing according to claim 1 or axial flow separate combine hay cutter, it is characterized in that: one or both the combination wherein of the roller forage discharging plate that described cylinder comprises edge indentation, the cylinder straw of edge indentation grass fixed head.

7. axial threshing according to claim 1 or axial flow separate combine hay cutter; it is characterized in that: frame grass guide board body is provided with strip bakie, frame grass guide board can be fixedly connected in frame or parts of member composition of frame grass guide board and blade, blade shaft, bearing, spring bearing are fixedly connected in frame.

8. axial threshing according to claim 1 or axial flow separate combine hay cutter, it is characterized in that: described blade body external diameter circumference profile is provided with sawtooth.

9. axial threshing according to claim 1 or axial flow separate combine hay cutter, it is characterized in that: the chaffcutter unit of described blade and Accessory Members composition can be one group or array, described one group or array chaffcutter unit be fixedly connected on frame,

Above any one in concave grate, top cover or be fixedly connected on above two or three.

10. axial threshing according to claim 1 or axial flow separate combine hay cutter, it is characterized in that: described axial threshing combine be included on combine the axial feeding axial-flow threshing device longitudinally arranged or on combine the radially feeding axial-flow threshing device of lateral arrangement, the axial feeding axial-flow threshing device of described longitudinal layout comprises single drum shaft to feeding axial-flow threshing device and the axial feeding axial-flow threshing device of twin-roll side by side; The axial feeding axial flow separator that described axial flow separates the tangential feeding axial flow separator of the second lateral arrangement after the cut flow roller sheller unit that combine is included in lateral arrangement on combine or the second after the cut flow roller sheller unit of lateral arrangement is longitudinally arranged on combine, the axial feeding axial flow separator that described second is longitudinally arranged comprises single drum shaft and axially feeds axial flow separator to feeding axial flow separator and twin-roll arranged side by side.