CN203959992U - A kind of coal gasification waste water treatment and reuse device - Google Patents
A kind of coal gasification waste water treatment and reuse device Download PDFInfo
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- CN203959992U CN203959992U CN201420228002.1U CN201420228002U CN203959992U CN 203959992 U CN203959992 U CN 203959992U CN 201420228002 U CN201420228002 U CN 201420228002U CN 203959992 U CN203959992 U CN 203959992U
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- Treatment Of Water By Oxidation Or Reduction (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model relates to a kind of coal gasification waste water treatment and reuse device, comprise that the preheating gas water out of interchanger and the gas liquor import of stripping tower are communicated with, the gas liquor outlet of stripping tower bottom successively with interchanger, aerating regulation pond, shallow air-floatation device, hydrolysis acidification pool, anaerobic biological treatment pond and aerobic biological treatment tank are communicated with, aerobe treating pond, membrane biological reaction pond, ozone oxidation pond, charcoal pond, clean water basin, more medium filter, self-cleaning filter, ultra-filtration equipment, ultrafiltration water tank, ultrafiltration water pump, cartridge filter, reverse osmosis high-pressure pump, reverse osmosis unit, intermediate water tank, middle water pump, cation exchange bed, decarbonizer, anion exchange bed, mixed bed, desalination water tank is communicated with successively, realize the coal gasification waste water that coal pressure gasification is produced and carry out treatment and reuse.The utility model has solved the problem that coal gasification waste water processing is difficult to qualified discharge and reuse " zero-emission ".
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to Industrial Wastewater Treatment field, especially relates to a kind of coal gasification waste water treatment and reuse device.
Background technology
In recent years, in the strange pressing gas technology in the Shandong coal chemical engineering equipment such as gas maked coal, coal ammonia processed, coal liquefaction at home, be used widely, but, this technological process can produce a large amount of high pollution waste water, water-quality constituents complexity, in waste water, not only exist a large amount of suspended solidss and water-soluble inorganic compound, contain a large amount of phenolic compounds, benzene and its derivative, pyridine etc., also contain the hazardous and noxious substances such as cyanogen, inorganic fluorion and ammonia nitrogen, pollutent colourity is dark, belongs to compared with the high-concentration organic industrial waste water of difficult for biological degradation.Therefore, the processing of coal gasification waste water is a great problem of domestic and international field of waste water treatment always.
Due to coal gasification waste water in fact all from coal gas saturation moisture condensation get off, therefore, dissolve or be suspended with in the waste water of coal gas and contain multiple components.Pollutent in waste water can be because of ature of coal to some extent difference different from gasifying process, Lurgi furnace coal gasification technical maturity, but gasification temperature is low, produce waste water complicated component, waste water is generally Vandyke brown, has certain viscosity, many foams, pH value fluctuates in 6.5 ~ 8.5 scopes, is neutral meta-alkali, has strong phenol, ammonia to smell taste.General COD value is in 2000mg/L left and right, and ammonia nitrogen concentration 2000 ~ 6000mg/L, about oil-contg 60mg/L.The mode that generally adopts chemical separating to combine with biochemical treatment is both at home and abroad processed such waste water.Chemical separating comprises the unit processes such as stripping, extraction, rectifying, to remove sour gas, reclaims the materials such as phenol, ammonia, and then carries out biochemical treatment, but all can not reach emission request.
At present, the technology of domestic gas treatment waste water also has following several.
(1) new physico-chemical process
New physico-chemical process refers to and utilizes at normal temperatures objectionable impurities in waste water to react with the medicament (sewage spirit) of developing for processing waste water specially, through 4 different dosing processing, finally realizes COD, BOD, NH
3-N, SS all reach emission request.The defect of this technology maximum is that in waste water, hazardous and noxious substances is the transfer of form, and this maturity of technology also needs the test through engineering practice in addition.
(2) HSB method is processed waste water
HSB(High Sotution Bacteria) be the english abbreviation of polymer flora.Current domestic tentative experiment draws to draw a conclusion: in HSB tolerance waste water, hazardous and noxious substances is good; After processing, mud is few, effluent color dilution good; Adding alkali number is 1/3~1/5 of traditional method, and working cost is lower, but strain properties, life condition, purification function are understood not yet completely, needs further to be studied and practice.
(3) Fenton reagent treatment technology
Fenton reagent is very effective to the destruction of organic molecule, its essence is that the chain reaction catalysis between ferrous ion and hydrogen peroxide generates OH free radical, and ferric ion catalyzer (Fenton class reagent) also can excite this reaction.The OH free radical that these two reactions generate can be oxidized various poisonous and unmanageable organic compound effectively.
(4) microwave and ultrasonication technology
Utilizing the organic pollutant of chemical pollutant, especially difficult degradation in microwave and ultrasonic degradation water, is the novel treatment technology growing up in recent years.For liquid, microwave only works to polar molecule wherein, and microwave electromagnetic field energy makes polar molecule produce high speed rotating collision and produces heat effect, reduces reaction activity and chemical bond strength; In microwave field, violent polar molecule concussion, can make chemical bond rupture, therefore can be used for the degraded of pollutent.Ultrasonic wave is made up of the compressional wave of a series of density interphases, and propagates to surrounding by liquefaction medium, and research shows, comprises that halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbon, monocycle and polynuclear aromatics and aldehydes matter etc. can be by ultrasonic degradations.
To the processing of coal gasification waste water, process by physics, physical chemistry, chemistry, biological method merely, be difficult to reach emission standard, often need the treatment system by being formed by several method, just can reach the degree of processing requirements.Therefore the processing power that only improves constantly existing treatment technology, combines the whole bag of tricks scientifically and rationally, learns from other's strong points to offset one's weaknesses and just can find the best approach of administering coal gasification waste water.
Summary of the invention
The utility model aims to provide a kind of new coal gasification waste water treatment and reuse device.
The utility model is: the coal gasification waste water that coal pressure gasification is produced enters stripping tower after preheating, simultaneously, in stripping tower, add alkali lye, by the middle pressure steam entering from stripping tower 3 bottoms to add the waste water of alkali lye carry out pressure stripping at the bottom of tower, discharge after will volatile substances removing, after heat exchange is cooling, carry out successively aerating regulation, shallow air-floatation, acidication processing, enter again anaerobic biological treatment pond and aerobic biological treatment tank (being called for short: A/O pond), organism and ammonia nitrogen etc. are degraded, the water outlet of aerobe treating pond (being called for short: O pond) is carried out to membrane biological reaction, mixed solution is carried out carrying out ozone oxidation after mud-water separation, the pollutent of difficult degradation in waste water is decomposed into small-molecule substance to be removed, through the biological adsorption remaining organism of further degrading, water outlet after absorption is carried out to multi-medium filtering successively, self-cleaning filtering, ultrafiltration, the water outlet of security personnel after filtration treatment is through through reverse osmosis, ion-exchange absorption art breading and reuse, send into high pressure boiler water supply system,
Saturation steam containing volatile substances after stripping is discharged from stripping tower top, deliver to vapourizing furnace, recycle as vaporized chemical.
Wherein, the filtering accuracy of described self-cleaning filtering technique is 100 μ m, and the filtering accuracy of described security personnel's filtration process is 5 μ m.
In addition,, for preventing that the gas liquor of stripping tower bottom after removing ammonia is after interchanger heat exchange is cooling, temperature is still higher, can carry out coolingization processing again by water cooler through the cooling coal gasification waste water of heat exchange.
High pressure gas water pump 1, is communicated with interchanger 2, for being sent to gas liquor interchanger 2 through pretreated coal gasification waste waters such as tar separation, light oil separation, two media filtrations;
Stripping tower 3, the gas liquor import of stripping tower 3 is communicated with the outlet of the gas liquor of interchanger 2, for receiving the gas liquor of the process thermal pretreatment that interchanger 2 transports, stripping tower 3 bottoms are provided with the import of middle pressure superheated vapour, in convenient, press superheated vapour directly to pass into, stripping tower 3 tops are provided with air outlet, go out CO in tower for stripping
2, H
2s, NH
3with volatile substances such as micro-rare gas elementes, the saturation steam after stripping is sent to vapourizing furnace, recycle as vaporized chemical;
Volume pump 4, is communicated with the alkali lye import of stripping tower 3, carries alkali lye by volume pump 4 to stripping tower 3;
Aerating regulation pond 5, is communicated with the gas liquor outlet of interchanger 2, for receiving from the cooled gas liquor of interchanger 2 heat exchange, mixes in aerating regulation pond 5 with sanitary sewage, synthetic battery limit (BL) flushing terrace water, synthetic wastewater containing methanol;
Shallow air-floatation device 7, is communicated with lift pump 6, for receiving the mixed solution in the aerating regulation pond 5 that lift pump 6 carries, it is carried out to oil removing and removes suspended substance waste water in shallow air-floatation device 7;
The hydrolysis acidification pool 8 of built-in combined stuffing 9, for receiving the waste water through the 7 coagulating sedimentation processing of shallow air-floatation device;
Anaerobic biological treatment pond 10 and aerobic biological treatment tank 12(are called for short: A/O pond (10,12)), (be called for short: A pond) 10 interior installation diving mixers 11 in anaerobic biological treatment pond, between A pond 10 and aerobe treating pond (being called for short: O pond) 12, mixed-liquor return pump 13 is set, A pond 10 is communicated with hydrolysis acidification pool 8 water outlets, for waste water after treatment hydrolysis acidification pool 8 is carried out to anaerobic biological treatment in A pond 10, in O pond 12, carry out aerobe processing, effectively organic pollutant and the ammonia nitrogen pollutant in degradation of sewage;
Membrane biological reaction pond (being called for short: MBR membrane cisterna) 14, be provided with sludge reflux pump 15 in the bottom of MBR membrane cisterna 14, the fluid inlet of MBR membrane cisterna 14 is communicated with the liquid outlet in O pond 12, for the organic pollutant of the metabolism degrading waste water by aerobic microbiological, by MBR film, mixed solution is carried out to mud-water separation, more isolated mud is back to A/O pond 10,12 by sludge reflux pump 15 carries out anaerobic-aerobic biological treatment;
Ozone oxidation pond 17, be communicated with MBR membrane cisterna 14 by vacuum primingpump 16, waste water in MBR membrane cisterna 14 after mud-water separation is evacuated to ozone oxidation pond 17 by vacuum primingpump 16 and carries out hybrid reaction with ozone, the pollutent of difficult degradation in waste water is decomposed into small-molecule substance and removes;
Charcoal pond 18, is communicated with ozone oxidation pond 17 liquid outlets, for further degrading in charcoal pond 18 through ozone oxidation pond 17 remaining organism after treatment;
Clean water basin 19, are communicated with charcoal pond 18, the water of processing through charcoal pond 18 transporting for receiving water pump;
More medium filter 21, is communicated with clean water basin 19 by topping-up pump 20, realizes the water outlet in clean water basin 19 is carried out to multi-medium filtering after by topping-up pump 20 superchargings;
Ultra-filtration equipment 23 arranges self-cleaning filter 22 before ultra-filtration equipment 23, more medium filter 21, water outlet is delivered to ultra-filtration equipment 23 through self-cleaning filter 22 and further filters and enter ultrafiltration water tank 24 and store;
Ultrafiltration water pump 25, the fluid inlet of ultrafiltration water pump 25 is communicated with the liquid outlet of ultrafiltration water tank 24, the liquid outlet of ultrafiltration water pump 25 is communicated with cartridge filter 26 fluid inlets, cartridge filter 26 is communicated with successively with high-pressure pump 27, reverse osmosis unit 28, intermediate water tank 29, for ultrafiltration water outlet is carried out to a series of filtrations, infiltration, the dilute concentration water that reverse osmosis unit 28 produces is sent into intermediate water tank 29, and strong brine is sent into strong brine case;
Cation exchange bed 31, is communicated with intermediate water tank 29 by middle water pump 30, for the water of intermediate water tank 29 is delivered to cation exchange bed 31 by middle water pump 30, the positively charged ion in water is removed;
Decarbonizer 32, is communicated with cation exchange bed 31, for the water removing through positively charged ion is carried out to CO2 removal;
Anion exchange bed 33, is communicated with decarbonizer 32, removes for the water that carried out positively charged ion and CO2 removal is carried out to negatively charged ion;
Mixed bed 34, the fluid inlet of mixed bed 34 is communicated with the liquid outlet of anion exchange bed 33, the liquid outlet of mixed bed 34 is communicated with desalination water tank 35, for delivering to mixed bed 34 through the water that tentatively removes positively charged ion, carbonic acid gas, negatively charged ion, further remove after zwitterion remaining in water, deliver to desalination water tank 35 as high pressure boiler water supply.
As a kind of preferred implementation, described shallow air-floatation device 7 is positioned at the top in hydrolysis acidification pool 8 and A/O pond 10,12, avoids secondary water-supply.
As a kind of preferred implementation, described ultra-filtration equipment 23 adopts cross flow filter, PLC to control automatically the alternately operation scheme of backwash, and backwash adopts air-water associated form, and hyperfiltration reverse-rinsing water is delivered to aerating regulation pond 5.
As a kind of preferred implementation, the double-layer filter material that described more medium filter 21 uses is to be large proportion, small-particle quartz sand in lighter macrobead hard coal, the bottom of placement, filtering layer top, and filtering layer efficiency is high, retaining power is strong.
As a kind of preferred implementation, described reverse osmosis unit 28 can be one or more levels.
As a kind of preferred implementation, this device is also provided with water cooler 36, is connected between interchanger 2 and aerating regulation pond 5, carries out cooling for the gas liquor of temperature drift after interchanger 2 heat exchange are cooling is delivered to water cooler 36 again.
The utility model compared with prior art tool has the following advantages.
1. this wastewater treatment and renovation combination process processing power is large, and plant area area is little.
2. adopt " middle pressure stripping+shallow air-floatation+acidication+A/O+MBR film+ozone oxidation+charcoal+multi-medium filtering+self-cleaning filtering+ultrafiltration+security personnel filtration+reverse osmosis membrane+ion-exchange absorption " treatment and reuse combination process, can and be back to use boiler feed water system by wastewater treatment, realize the reuse of coal gasification waste water.
3. there is the process optimization of collection combination process, and operation is controlled in the practicality of one.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is the process flow sheet of the utility model coal gasification waste water treatment and reuse.
Accompanying drawing 2 is the process flow sheet of the utility model embodiment.
1-high pressure gas water pump, 2-interchanger, 3-stripping tower, 4-volume pump, 5-aerating regulation pond, 6-lift pump, 7-shallow air-floatation device, 8-hydrolysis acidification pool, 9-combined stuffing, 10-anaerobic biological treatment pond (being called for short: A pond), 11-diving mixer, 12-aerobe treating pond (being called for short: O pond), 13-mixed-liquor return pump, 14-membrane biological reaction pond (being called for short: MBR membrane cisterna), 15-sludge reflux pump, 16-vacuum primingpump, 17-ozone oxidation pond, 18-charcoal pond, 19-clean water basin, 20-topping-up pump, 21-more medium filter, 22-self-cleaning filter, 23-ultra-filtration equipment, 24-ultrafiltration water tank, 25-ultrafiltration water pump, 26-cartridge filter, 27-reverse osmosis high-pressure pump, 28-reverse osmosis unit, 29-intermediate water tank, water pump in the middle of 30-, 31-cation exchange bed, 32-decarbonizer, 33-anion exchange bed, 34-mixed bed, 35-desalination water tank, 36-water cooler.
Embodiment
For further disclosing processing technology routine of the present utility model, below in conjunction with Figure of description 2, operational path is elaborated.
By the coal gasification waste water transporting from coal pressurizing gasifying apparatus through tar separation, light oil separate, after two media filtration pre-treatment, carry out middle pressure stripping by high pressure gas water pump 1, then gas liquor is delivered to interchanger 2 and carries out preheating, gas liquor after preheating enters stripping tower 3 and carries out middle pressure stripping, middle pressure superheated vapour directly passes to stripping tower bottom, 20% alkali lye is sent to the feeding line of stripping tower by alkali lye volume pump 4, stripping goes out CO
2, H
2s, NH
3with the volatile substances such as micro-rare gas element, the saturation steam after stripping is sent to vapourizing furnace, as vaporized chemical recycling, in stripping tower 3, produce through deliver to interchanger 2 except the high-temperature coal air water after ammonia, to carry out heat exchange cooling.
Gas liquor temperature drift after heat exchange cooling process is sent to water cooler 36 and proceeds cooling process, be sent to aerating regulation pond 5 again and fully mix with sanitary sewage, synthetic battery limit (BL) flushing terrace water, synthetic wastewater containing methanol, the waste water mixing is promoted in shallow air-floatation device 7 to waste water is carried out oil removing and removes suspended substance by lift pump 6.
Waste water after coagulating sedimentation enters the hydrolysis acidification pool 8 of built-in combined stuffing 9, hydrolysis acidification pool water outlet enters A/O pond 10,12, between A pond 10 and O pond 12, mixed-liquor return pump 13 is set, A pond 10 is communicated with hydrolysis acidification pool 8 water outlets, for waste water after treatment hydrolysis acidification pool 8 is carried out to anaerobic biological treatment in A pond 10, in O pond 12, carry out aerobe processing, effectively organic pollutant and the ammonia nitrogen pollutant in degradation of sewage, wherein shallow air-floatation device 7 is positioned at the top in hydrolysis acidification pool 8 and A/O pond 10,12, has avoided secondary water-supply.
The water outlet in O pond is entered to MBR membrane cisterna 14, be provided with sludge reflux pump 15 in the bottom of MBR membrane cisterna 14, for the organic pollutant of the metabolism degrading waste water by aerobic microbiological, by MBR film, mixed solution is carried out to mud-water separation, more isolated mud is back to A/O pond 10,12 by sludge reflux pump 15 carries out anaerobic-aerobic biological treatment.
The water that carries out mud-water separation in MBR membrane cisterna 14 is evacuated to ozone oxidation pond 17 by vacuum primingpump 16 and carries out hybrid reaction with ozone, the pollutent of difficult degradation in waste water is decomposed into small-molecule substance to be removed, waste water after treatment is sent into organism remaining in the further degrading waste water in charcoal pond 18 again, the water outlet in charcoal pond 18 is delivered to clean water basin 19 by water pump, the water outlet of clean water basin 19 is carried out supercharging by topping-up pump 20, delivering to more medium filter 21 filters again, wherein, the double-layer filter material that more medium filter 21 uses is to place lighter macrobead hard coal on filtering layer top, bottom is large proportion, small-particle quartz sand, filtering layer efficiency is high, retaining power is strong.
The water outlet of more medium filter 21 is delivered to ultra-filtration equipment 23 by self-cleaning filter 22 and is further filtered and enter ultrafiltration water tank 24 and store, wherein the filtering accuracy of self-cleaning filtering technique is 100 μ m, wherein, filter device 23 adopts cross flow filter, PLC to control automatically the alternately operation scheme of backwash, backwash adopts air-water associated form, and hyperfiltration reverse-rinsing water is delivered to aerating regulation pond 5.
The water outlet of ultra-filtration equipment 23 by ultrafiltration water pump 25 through cartridge filter 26, high-pressure pump 27, enter reverse osmosis unit 28, reverse osmosis unit produces water and enters intermediate water tank 29, a series of filtrations, infiltration are carried out in ultrafiltration water outlet, the dilute concentration water that reverse osmosis unit 28 produces is sent into intermediate water tank 29, strong brine is sent into strong brine case, and wherein, the filtering accuracy of security personnel's filtration process is 5 μ m.
The water outlet of intermediate water tank 29 is sloughed to the most of positively charged ion in water by delivering to cation exchange bed 31 by middle water pump 30, then deliver to decarbonizer 32 and remove the carbonic acid gas in water, removing water after most of carbonic acid gas delivers to anion exchange bed 33 and removes the most of negatively charged ion in water, then deliver to mixed bed 34 and further remove zwitterion remaining in water, mixed bed water outlet is delivered to desalination water tank 35 as high pressure boiler water supply.
Claims (5)
1. a coal gasification waste water treatment and reuse device, it is characterized in that: the gas liquor import of interchanger (2) is communicated with high pressure gas water pump (1), the preheating gas water out of described interchanger (2) is communicated with the gas liquor import of stripping tower (3), the alkali lye import of described stripping tower (3) is communicated with volume pump (4), described stripping tower (3) bottom is provided with the import of middle pressure superheated vapour, described stripping tower (3) top is provided with air outlet, the gas liquor of removing volatile substances is circulated to described interchanger (2) from described stripping tower (3) bottom, the gas liquor outlet of described interchanger (2) is communicated with aerating regulation pond (5), the waste liquid in described aerating regulation pond (5) is delivered to shallow air-floatation device (7) by lift pump (6), the water outlet of described shallow air-floatation device (7) is delivered to the interior hydrolysis acidification pool (8) that combined stuffing (9) are set, the water outlet of described hydrolysis acidification pool (8) is communicated with anaerobic biological treatment pond (10) and aerobic biological treatment tank (12), diving mixer (11) is installed in described anaerobic biological treatment pond (10), between described anaerobic biological treatment pond (10) and aerobe treating pond (12), mixed-liquor return pump (13) is set, the liquid outlet of described aerobe treating pond (12) is communicated with membrane biological reaction pond (14), the bottom in described membrane biological reaction pond (14) is provided with sludge reflux pump (15), ozone oxidation pond (17) is communicated with described membrane biological reaction pond (14) by vacuum primingpump (16), described ozone oxidation pond (17) liquid outlet is communicated with charcoal pond (18), clean water basin (19) water-in is communicated with described charcoal pond (18), described clean water basin (19) water outlet is communicated with more medium filter (21) by topping-up pump (20), the water outlet of described more medium filter (21) is successively through self-cleaning filter (22), ultra-filtration equipment (23) is delivered to ultrafiltration water tank (24) and stores, the fluid inlet of ultrafiltration water pump (25) is communicated with the liquid outlet of ultrafiltration water tank (24), the liquid outlet of described ultrafiltration water pump (25) is communicated with cartridge filter (26) fluid inlet, described cartridge filter (26) and high-pressure pump (27), reverse osmosis unit (28), intermediate water tank (29) is communicated with successively, described intermediate water tank (29) is communicated with cation exchange bed (31) by middle water pump (30), described cation exchange bed (31) is communicated with anion exchange bed (33) by decarbonizer (32), the liquid outlet of described anion exchange bed (33) is communicated with the fluid inlet of mixed bed (34), the liquid outlet of described mixed bed (34) is communicated with desalination water tank (35).
2. coal gasification waste water treatment and reuse device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described shallow air-floatation device (7) is positioned at the top of hydrolysis acidification pool (8), anaerobic biological treatment pond (10) and aerobic biological treatment tank (12).
3. coal gasification waste water treatment and reuse device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the backwash water outlet of described ultra-filtration equipment (23) is communicated with the backwash water import of aerating regulation pond (5).
4. coal gasification waste water treatment and reuse device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described reverse osmosis unit (28) is one or more levels.
5. coal gasification waste water treatment and reuse device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described coal gasification waste water treatment and reuse device is also provided with water cooler (36), is connected between interchanger (2) and aerating regulation pond (5).
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104402174A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-03-11 | 云南圣清环保科技有限公司 | Deep treatment method of coal chemical industry wastewater |
WO2016162290A1 (en) * | 2015-04-07 | 2016-10-13 | Sabic Global Technologies B.V. | Method of purifying wastewater from an abs emulsion polymerization process |
CN108516649A (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-09-11 | 中石化上海工程有限公司 | The method for improving coal gasification preparing ethylene glycol sewage water denitrification rate |
-
2014
- 2014-05-06 CN CN201420228002.1U patent/CN203959992U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104402174A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-03-11 | 云南圣清环保科技有限公司 | Deep treatment method of coal chemical industry wastewater |
WO2016162290A1 (en) * | 2015-04-07 | 2016-10-13 | Sabic Global Technologies B.V. | Method of purifying wastewater from an abs emulsion polymerization process |
CN107646021A (en) * | 2015-04-07 | 2018-01-30 | Sabic环球技术有限责任公司 | The method for purifying the waste water from ABS emulsion polymerisation process |
CN108516649A (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-09-11 | 中石化上海工程有限公司 | The method for improving coal gasification preparing ethylene glycol sewage water denitrification rate |
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