CN203941081U - A kind of experimental provision of measuring liquid surface tension coefficient under different temperatures - Google Patents
A kind of experimental provision of measuring liquid surface tension coefficient under different temperatures Download PDFInfo
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- CN203941081U CN203941081U CN201420234381.5U CN201420234381U CN203941081U CN 203941081 U CN203941081 U CN 203941081U CN 201420234381 U CN201420234381 U CN 201420234381U CN 203941081 U CN203941081 U CN 203941081U
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- liquid
- surface tension
- temperature
- glass cylinder
- different temperatures
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Abstract
The utility model proposes a kind of experimental provision of measuring liquid surface tension coefficient under different temperatures.It is the glass cylinder that adopts one end sealing, in cylinder, semiconductor cooling device, heating arrangement and temperature sensor is set, and glass cylinder is connected with supersonic motor.Support is set on base, above installing force dependent sensor, be connected with suspension ring.During experiment, set the temperature of testing liquid, control supersonic motor and drive glass cylinder motion, make suspension ring immerse liquid, then slowly depart from liquid, record the stressed maximal value of force-sensing sensor in measuring process, be the surface tension of liquid that suspension ring are subject to, according to formula, can calculate the surface tension coefficient of testing liquid under design temperature.The utility model can be measured liquid surface tension coefficient under different temperatures, drives the container lifting of containing testing liquid by supersonic motor, by Mersure Controler, is automatically recorded and is shown surveyed surface tension, and operating process is simple and convenient.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of physics facility, specifically relates to a kind of experimental provision of measuring liquid surface tension coefficient under different temperatures.
Background technology
Between fluid molecule, there is interaction force, be called molecular force.Each molecule of liquid internal is around surrounded by other similar molecules, and it is subject to the effect of molecule around, and making a concerted effort is zero.And the superficial layer of liquid (its thickness equals the radius of action of molecule, and approximately 10
-8cm left and right) the residing environment of molecule in is compared to lack with the molecule of liquid internal and is a half the molecule attracting with it.Due to the molecular number of the gas phase layer on liquid seldom, in superficial layer, to be subject to gravitation upwards less than downward gravitation, non-vanishing with joint efforts for each molecule, occurs the attractive force of a directional liquid inside, so liquid level has the trend of contraction.The tension force effect of this liquid surface, is called as surface tension.Surface tension f is the interaction force that is present in the liquid between both sides, any separatrix on liquid surface, and its direction is along liquid surface, and perseverance is vertical with separatrix, big or small and marginal length L is directly proportional, be f=α L, in formula, α is called the surface tension coefficient of liquid, and unit is Nm
-1, be numerically equal to the surface tension in unit length.
Surface tension is the important mechanical property of liquid surface, the clue that the research of effects on surface tension force can provide use for distribution and the surface structure of analyzing molecules.For example, different types of liquid, its surface tension coefficient is different, and molecular structure and the interaction force between molecule of this explanation different liquids are different, and the character of power is also not necessarily identical; For same liquid, temperature is higher, and surface tension coefficient is less, illustrates that the rising of temperature causes the density of surface molecular and the variation of interaction force.In liquid, impurities is more, and surface tension coefficient is less, and distribution and the structure that changes fluid molecule of mixing of impurity is described.In industrial technology, as aspects such as flotation technology and liquid conveying technologies, all to study the surface tension of liquid.
The mensuration of liquid surface tension coefficient is a common experimental project in Experiment of College Physics.The method of measuring liquid surface tension coefficient is a lot, the conventional method that pulls, Capillary rise method, drop check weighing method etc., and in Experiment of College Physics, general employing pulls method, because this method is simple and convenient.The value of surface tension coefficient is generally very little, and measuring small power must be with special instrument, and joly balances that adopt in the past operate cumbersomely more, and along with the progress of technology, the dynamometer mostly adopting is now force-sensing sensor.Conventionally the method adopting is to be D by internal diameter
1, external diameter is D
2metal ring be suspended on dynamometer, then it is immersed in the water vertically, when being pulled upwardly becket lentamente, on ring, will adhere to the moisture film that one deck is connected with liquid.Due to capillary effect, the pulling force of dynamometer reaches maximal value F gradually, surpasses this value, and moisture film breaks, and F is exactly the surface tension f sum of the suffered gravity G of metal ring and water column drawing metal ring, i.e. F=G+f.Because moisture film has inside and outside two surfaces, and the diameter of two liquid levels is identical with the internal-and external diameter of metal ring, therefore f=α π (D
1+ D
2), surface tension coefficient is
measure D
1, D
2and f, according to formula, just can calculate the surface tension coefficient of liquid.
The experimental provision of measuring at present liquid surface tension coefficient mainly has the following disadvantages:
One, does not take quarantine measures, is subject to external environment interference in air flow.
Its two, take to rotate the container lifting that the method for knob makes to contain testing liquid, observed and recorded metal ring is subject to capillary maximal value simultaneously, complex operation, and easily misreading.
Its three, force-sensing sensor is output as magnitude of voltage, also will measure its sensitivity, is then converted into power, cumbersome.
Its four, generally can only survey the surface tension coefficient of liquid under room temperature.
Utility model content
In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiency of prior art, the utility model proposes a kind of experimental provision of measuring liquid surface tension coefficient under different temperatures, this device not only can be measured higher than room temperature but also can measure lower than liquid surface tension coefficient at a certain temperature of room temperature.Adopt transparent glass cover to isolate, can prevent extraneous interference in air flow.By supersonic motor, make to contain the container lifting of testing liquid, by Mersure Controler, the magnitude of voltage of force-sensing sensor output is converted to the numerical value of institute's dynamometry, the maximal value of force-sensing sensor institute dynamometry in automatic record display measurement process, operating process is simple and convenient.
The utility model solves the technical scheme that its technical matters adopts: on base, settle a transparent glass cover, prevent extraneous interference in air flow, level meter is set on base, by stone bolt, experimental provision can be regulated to level.The glass cylinder that one end sealing is set in cloche, barrel adopts double-decker, and centre is evacuated, to play good heat insulation effect.In testing liquid implantation glass cylinder, highly suitable, in glass cylinder, in liquid, top part arranges semiconductor refrigerating plant, be used for cooling testing liquid, part arranges a heating arrangement on the lower, is used for heating testing liquid, center section arranges a temperature sensor, be used for measuring the temperature of testing liquid, semiconductor cooling device, heating arrangement and temperature sensor are connected with temperature controller by interface respectively, can set the temperature of testing liquid by the button on temperature controller.By the temperature of pressing key assignments testing liquid on temperature controller, utilize the actual temperature of temperature sensor measurement testing liquid, temperature controller inside is controlled by microprocessor, if design temperature is lower than actual temperature, start semiconductor cooling device, cooling testing liquid, until temperature is reduced to setting value; If design temperature, higher than actual temperature, starts heating arrangement, heating testing liquid, until temperature is increased to setting value.Glass cylinder is connected with supersonic motor, can under the drive of motor, move up and down, supersonic motor is connected with ultrasonic motor driver by interface, ultrasonic motor driver is connected with Mersure Controler by interface, can set direction of motion and the movement velocity of motor by Mersure Controler.A support is set on base, installing force dependent sensor above, be connected with suspension ring, be used for measuring the suffered surface tension of liquid of suspension ring, force-sensing sensor is connected with Mersure Controler by interface, the numerical value that can show force-sensing sensor institute dynamometry by display screen, the maximal value in record display measurement process.During experiment by the temperature of pressing key assignments testing liquid on temperature controller, next by Mersure Controler, control supersonic motor, first drive glass cylinder to move upward, suspension ring are immersed in testing liquid, then drive glass cylinder slowly motion downwards, make suspension ring slowly depart from testing liquid, pull-up water membrane, and finally break, by Mersure Controler, record the stressed maximal value of force-sensing sensor in measuring process, be the surface tension of liquid that suspension ring are subject to, substitution formula can calculate the surface tension coefficient of testing liquid under design temperature.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are that this device can be measured liquid surface tension coefficient under different temperatures, can prevent extraneous interference in air flow.By supersonic motor, drive the container lifting of containing testing liquid, by the Mersure Controler maximal value of force-sensing sensor institute dynamometry in record display measurement process automatically, i.e. surface tension, operating process is simple and convenient.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the utility model is further illustrated.
Accompanying drawing is structural representation of the present utility model.
1. transparent glass covers in figure, 2. base, 3. supersonic motor, 4. the coupling arrangement between glass cylinder and supersonic motor, 5. glass cylinder, 6. heating arrangement, 7. temperature sensor, 8. semiconductor cooling device, 9. support, 10. force-sensing sensor, 11. suspension ring, 12. level meters, 13, 14. stone bolts, interface between 15. semiconductor cooling devices and temperature controller, interface between 16. heating arrangements and temperature controller, interface between 17. temperature sensors and temperature controller, 18. ultrasonic motor drivers, interface between 19. supersonic motors and ultrasonic motor driver, 20, interface between 21. ultrasonic motor drivers and Mersure Controler, interface between 22. force-sensing sensors and Mersure Controler, 23. temperature controllers, 24. pilot lamp, 25. reset keys, 26. Temperature Setting buttons, 27. temperature displays, 28. raise button, 29. digital selection keys, 30. lower button, 31. supersonic motors move downward control button, the 32. supersonic motors control button that moves upward, 33. supersonic motors start and stop controlling button, 34. supersonic motor speed adjusting knobs, 35. Mersure Controlers, 36. force-sensing sensors are measured display screen, 37. zeroing knobs, 38. measure startup button.
Embodiment
In accompanying drawing, on base 2, settle a transparent glass cover 1, prevent extraneous interference in air flow, level meter 12 is set on base, by stone bolt 13,14, experimental provision can be regulated to level.The interior glass cylinder 5 that one end sealing is set of transparent glass cover 1, barrel adopts double-decker, and centre is evacuated, to play good heat insulation effect.In testing liquid implantation glass cylinder 5, highly suitable, in the interior liquid of glass cylinder 5, top part arranges semiconductor refrigerating plant 8, be used for cooling testing liquid, part arranges a heating arrangement 6 on the lower, be used for heating testing liquid, center section arranges a temperature sensor 7, be used for measuring the temperature of testing liquid, semiconductor cooling device 8, heating arrangement 6 and temperature sensor 7 are respectively by the interface 15 between semiconductor cooling device and temperature controller, heating arrangement is connected with temperature controller 23 with the interface 17 between temperature controller with interface 16 and temperature sensor between temperature controller, by the Temperature Setting button 26 on temperature controller 23, numeral selection key 29, raise button 28, lower button 30, can set the temperature of testing liquid, and can on temperature display 27, show.Pilot lamp 24 is used to refer to testing liquid temperature and whether reaches design temperature, and testing liquid temperature is not equal to design temperature, and pilot lamp 24 is shown as red light, and testing liquid temperature reaches design temperature, and pilot lamp 24 is shown as green light.Glass cylinder 5 is connected with supersonic motor 3 with the coupling arrangement 4 between supersonic motor by glass cylinder, can under the drive of motor, move up and down, supersonic motor 5 is connected with ultrasonic motor driver 18 with the interface 19 between ultrasonic motor driver by supersonic motor, ultrasonic motor driver 18 is by the interface 20 between ultrasonic motor driver and Mersure Controler, 21 are connected with Mersure Controler 35, by the supersonic motor on Mersure Controler 35, move downward and control button 31 and supersonic motor and move upward and control button 32 and can control motor and move downward or upward, by supersonic motor, start and stop controlling the start and stop that button 33 can be controlled motor, by supersonic motor speed adjusting knob 34, can regulate the movement velocity of motor.A support 9 is set on base 2, installing force dependent sensor 10 above, be connected with suspension ring 11, be used for measuring the suffered surface tension of liquid of suspension ring 11, force-sensing sensor 10 is connected with Mersure Controler 35 with the interface 22 between Mersure Controler by force-sensing sensor, by force-sensing sensor, measure the numerical value that display screen 36 can show 10 dynamometry of force-sensing sensor, the maximal value in record display measurement process.
Specific experiment operation steps is:
(1) adjusting bottom screw 13,14, and eye-level instrument 12, by base 2 level-ofves.
(2) by testing liquid implantation glass cylinder 5, highly suitable.By the Temperature Setting button 26 on temperature controller 23, digital selection key 29, raises button 28, lowers button 30, sets the temperature of testing liquid.Until pilot lamp 24 becomes green light from red light, testing liquid temperature reaches setting value.
(3) clean suspension ring 11 are hung on force-sensing sensor 10, by the zeroing knob 37 on Mersure Controler 35, force-sensing sensor is measured to display screen 36 zeroings.
(4) next by the supersonic motor speed adjusting knob 34 on Mersure Controler 35, the movement velocity adjusting of supersonic motor 3 is suitable, then by the supersonic motor on Mersure Controler 35, move upward and control button 32 control supersonic motors 3, drive glass cylinder 5 to move upward, make liquid level in glass cylinder 5 increase, make suspension ring 11 immerse in testing liquid completely, by the supersonic motor on Mersure Controler 35, move downward and control button 31 control supersonic motors 3 again, drive glass cylinder 5 slowly motion downwards, liquid level declines, make suspension ring 11 slowly depart from testing liquid, pull-up water membrane, and finally break, physical phenomenon when observing suspension ring 11 and immersing pull-up in liquid and from liquid.By Mersure Controler, record the stressed maximal value of force-sensing sensor in measuring process, be the surface tension of liquid f that suspension ring are subject to.
(5) measure the inside diameter D of suspension ring
1and outer diameter D
2, substitution formula
can calculate the surface tension coefficient of testing liquid under design temperature.
Above structure of the present utility model is set forth, but the not conditional intention of the embodiment that the utility model is introduced, and within not deviating from the scope of the utility model purport, the utility model can have multiple variation and modification.
Claims (3)
1. an experimental provision of measuring liquid surface tension coefficient under different temperatures, specifically on base, settle a transparent glass cover, the glass cylinder of one end sealing is set in cloche, a support is set on base, installing force dependent sensor above, be connected with suspension ring, be used for measuring the suffered surface tension of liquid of suspension ring, it is characterized in that: in glass cylinder, in liquid, top part arranges semiconductor refrigerating plant, be used for cooling testing liquid, part arranges a heating arrangement on the lower, be used for heating testing liquid, center section arranges a temperature sensor, be used for measuring the temperature of testing liquid, semiconductor cooling device, heating arrangement and temperature sensor are connected with temperature controller by interface respectively, by the button on temperature controller, can set the temperature of testing liquid, force-sensing sensor is connected with Mersure Controler by interface, the numerical value that can show force-sensing sensor institute dynamometry by display screen, maximal value in record display measurement process.
2. the experimental provision of liquid surface tension coefficient under measurement different temperatures according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: glass cylinder is connected with supersonic motor, can under the drive of motor, move up and down, supersonic motor is connected with ultrasonic motor driver by interface, ultrasonic motor driver is connected with Mersure Controler by interface, can set direction of motion and the movement velocity of motor by Mersure Controler.
3. the experimental provision of liquid surface tension coefficient under measurement different temperatures according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the barrel of glass cylinder adopts double-decker, and centre is evacuated, to play good heat insulation effect.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420234381.5U CN203941081U (en) | 2014-05-09 | 2014-05-09 | A kind of experimental provision of measuring liquid surface tension coefficient under different temperatures |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420234381.5U CN203941081U (en) | 2014-05-09 | 2014-05-09 | A kind of experimental provision of measuring liquid surface tension coefficient under different temperatures |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN203941081U true CN203941081U (en) | 2014-11-12 |
Family
ID=51860385
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420234381.5U Expired - Fee Related CN203941081U (en) | 2014-05-09 | 2014-05-09 | A kind of experimental provision of measuring liquid surface tension coefficient under different temperatures |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN203941081U (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104880390A (en) * | 2015-05-20 | 2015-09-02 | 华南师范大学 | Method for measuring performance parameters of micro-nano particles |
| CN113376059A (en) * | 2021-05-11 | 2021-09-10 | 南京航空航天大学 | STM32 singlechip intelligent control-based liquid surface tension meter and use method thereof |
-
2014
- 2014-05-09 CN CN201420234381.5U patent/CN203941081U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104880390A (en) * | 2015-05-20 | 2015-09-02 | 华南师范大学 | Method for measuring performance parameters of micro-nano particles |
| WO2016184299A1 (en) * | 2015-05-20 | 2016-11-24 | 深圳市国华光电科技有限公司 | Method for measuring performance parameter of micro/nano particles |
| CN113376059A (en) * | 2021-05-11 | 2021-09-10 | 南京航空航天大学 | STM32 singlechip intelligent control-based liquid surface tension meter and use method thereof |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20141112 Termination date: 20150509 |
|
| EXPY | Termination of patent right or utility model |