CN203930088U - A kind of ocean electrical survey (-ing) signal acquisition circuit - Google Patents
A kind of ocean electrical survey (-ing) signal acquisition circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN203930088U CN203930088U CN201420342031.0U CN201420342031U CN203930088U CN 203930088 U CN203930088 U CN 203930088U CN 201420342031 U CN201420342031 U CN 201420342031U CN 203930088 U CN203930088 U CN 203930088U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of ocean electrical survey (-ing) signal acquisition circuit, comprise signal condition and analog to digital conversion circuit, Single-chip Controlling core, data storage circuitry, communicating circuit and electric power management circuit, wherein: Single-chip Controlling core is selected power supply source by controlling electric power management circuit; Single-chip Controlling core is controlled the signal of analog to digital conversion circuit collection after the conditionings such as amplification, filtering, and the numerical information obtaining is deposited large capacity SD card on the one hand, passes to water surface PC on the other hand by communicating circuit.The utility model adopts micro volume, be arranged on electrode place, in bee-line, the simulating signal of collection is converted to digital signal, has at utmost avoided simulating signal in transmitting procedure, to be sent interference and the intertrack crosstalk of cable high-power signal, improve measuring accuracy; Adopt RS-485 network transmission of digital signals in cable, reduced cable core number, alleviated cable weight, be convenient to transportation and drag operation.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a signal acquisition circuit especially relates to a signal acquisition circuit that is arranged in ocean electrical method to survey.
Background
Among various marine exploration methods, the marine electrical exploration is a geophysical exploration method which researches the submarine geological structure and mineral resource distribution by observing the distribution characteristics of natural or artificially excited electric fields and electromagnetic fields according to the electromagnetic property difference among different substances in submarine sediments and even crusta, and solves the geological problems of engineering, environment, disasters and the like. In special geological situations where marine seismic exploration is difficult to work, the marine electrical method can provide important information of deep seabed structures. In recent years, the research and application of the marine electrical method are vigorously developed, and become a popular research direction in the marine exploration method.
At present, in the domestic marine towed electrical prospecting, a set of marine double-frequency induced electrical prospecting system is developed by the cooperation of a first marine research institute of the national marine bureau and China geological university (Wuhan), and a plurality of marine experiments prove that the marine double-frequency induced electrical prospecting system makes a major breakthrough in the field and accumulates a great amount of valuable experiences. When the receiver of the marine dual-frequency induced polarization instrument collects dual-frequency induced polarization signals, a centralized data collection mode is adopted. A plurality of receiving electrodes are connected to a multi-core cable, and a plurality of signals are sent to a data acquisition card in a receiver through an analog signal transmission line in the cable for analog-to-digital conversion. The method is similar to the working method of a centralized multi-channel seismic acquisition system, and mainly has the following defects: firstly, because the analog signals of a plurality of channels are transmitted in the receiving cable, the analog signals are easily interfered by the high-power signals of the transmitting cable and crosstalk between channels, the measurement precision of the system is influenced, and the number of data acquisition channels is further limited due to the limited communication distance of signal attenuation. And analog signal needs solitary line transmission, and multichannel data acquisition can increase the core number of cable, can increase the diameter of cable, leads to the cable to become heavy, will be very inconvenient in drag work and transportation, and the marine operation environment is very abominable again, and the cable receives the damage easily, is difficult for maintenance and change. Secondly, as the number of channels increases, the diameter of the cable increases, which increases the difficulty and cost of sealing the cable.
Disclosure of Invention
To the problem, the utility model aims at providing a small, easily sealed ocean electrical method detection signal acquisition circuit can turn into digital signal transmission in the cable with the analog signal who gathers, improves measurement accuracy, reduces the cable core number, alleviates cable weight.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the technical proposal that: a signal acquisition circuit is sealed at each receiving electrode, acquired analog signals are converted into digital signals to be sent to the cable, the acquisition circuits at the plurality of receiving electrodes form an acquisition network through RS-485 communication to transmit the signals to the PC, and the number of cores of the cable is reduced.
Each signal acquisition circuit comprises a signal conditioning and analog-to-digital conversion circuit, a single chip microcomputer serving as a control core, a data storage circuit, a communication circuit, a real-time monitoring circuit and a power management circuit. The single chip microcomputer is the core of signal acquisition, is powered by an independent battery, receives an instruction sent by the PC to control the power management unit to select other module circuits to be powered by the external power supply or the battery, and returns a power supply voltage value; under the control of the single chip microcomputer, the analog-to-digital conversion circuit collects electric signals, the obtained data is stored in the high-capacity SD card and is transmitted to the water surface PC through the RS-485 communication circuit.
The power supply mode of the power management circuit is selected from external power supply or self-contained battery power supply. When external power is used, power is supplied to the circuit by an external power line. In order to improve the power transmission efficiency and reduce the capacity loss, 24V or 36V voltage is adopted for power transmission, and the power is converted into low voltage for use through a voltage reduction chip. In order to reduce the power loss of the voltage reduction circuit, the voltage conversion circuit selects a high-efficiency DC/DC chip, and meanwhile, in order to reduce the power supply noise caused by DC/DC, a low dropout linear voltage regulator is connected behind the DC/DC chip.
The single chip microcomputer adopts a low-power MSP430F1611 single chip microcomputer and is used for controlling a serial port communication module, a calendar clock module, an SD card storage module, a selective power supply source, analog-to-digital conversion and data storage.
The singlechip comprises two serial ports: one is communicated with the water surface PC machine, and executes the functions of state detection information, starting and ending work and parameter setting; and the other one is in time-sharing multiplexing through a serial port and is respectively communicated with the real-time clock and the storage module.
The signal conditioning and analog-to-digital conversion circuit adopts a 24-bit analog-to-digital converter conversion circuit of a 3-input channel to perform analog-to-digital conversion on signals of the 3 channels, electric signals output by electrodes of three adjacent channels respectively pass through front-end differential input bias voltage, are sent to a pre-program control amplifier to be amplified, and then pass through a second-order Butterworth low-pass filter and are sent to the 24-bit analog-to-digital converter. The analog-to-digital converter converts the acquired analog electric signals into digital signals under the control of the singlechip, stores the obtained data in the high-capacity SD card through the SPI bus, and transmits the data to the PC through the RS-485 bus network.
Communication circuit includes 232 serial ports communication, takes optoelectronic isolation's 485 communications, wherein: the singlechip and the water surface PC adopt 485 communication of optical isolation; the singlechip communicates with the analog-to-digital conversion unit by adopting a 232 serial port. The communication content comprises the communication between the single chip microcomputer and the PC, and comprises the transmission of data and instructions, the time-sharing multiplexing of a serial port, the identification of commands, the reception and the verification of data, and the identification and the processing of communication faults; the single bus reads and sets the reference time of the calendar clock and the time of the alarm clock, and the single bus comprises an alarm judgment and packaging sending PC system of monitoring data.
The real-time monitoring circuit obtains voltage and temperature information by a singlechip control core in a serial port time-sharing multiplexing mode and uploads the voltage and temperature information to the water surface PC in real time.
Because the signal acquisition circuit can be used for supplying power by using a battery for a long time under the sea floor when in work, the low power consumption performance of the signal acquisition circuit is considered when a node and an acquisition network are designed. The method is designed and realized by adopting the following method, and a device with low self power consumption is selected. If the utility model selects the MSP430 series low-power consumption single chip microcomputer, when the single chip microcomputer is in the LPM3 mode dormancy, the consumed current is only 0.1 muA; a low-voltage power supply is used, and 3V is used as a system power supply for nodes, so that the power consumption of each chip and circuit can be obviously reduced by reducing the voltage; the resources which are not needed are closed as much as possible, such as the resources of a timer of a singlechip and the like, and the resources are closed at any time after the use is finished; the communication device is closed by default, and is enabled during sending and receiving, and chip selection signals are cancelled by memories, clock chips and the like which are not used temporarily; the power supply of the off-chip device of the single chip microcomputer is controlled to be switched off by the single chip microcomputer as much as possible, for example, the power supplies of the signal conditioning circuit and the analog-digital conversion circuit are controlled by one CMOS device, and the single chip microcomputer can integrally switch off the power supply of the module when the single chip microcomputer does not work, so that the power consumption is saved to the maximum extent; the sleep mode and the interrupt function of the singlechip are fully utilized, so that the singlechip is in a sleep state in most of time.
The signal acquisition circuit needs to be sealed into the waterproof cabin of the cable joint, and the device can adapt to the work in deeper water areas and needs small volume for sealing, light and pressure resistance. The volume miniaturization of the node is realized by adopting the following measures: the components and connectors are packaged in the smallest possible package. Most chips in the node design are packaged by flat patches, and the resistor and the capacitor are packaged in a 0402 size, so that the space is saved to the maximum extent; the circuit is simple, the circuit board is drawn into a 4-layer PCB, the area of the wiring is increased, and the whole volume of the node is compressed; because the system uses the battery to supply power, after the power consumption of the system is reduced, the capacity and the volume of the battery can be reduced under the same service time, and the reduction of the whole volume can also be realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a circuit block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of the signal conditioning and analog-to-digital conversion circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a flow chart of the signal acquisition of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings by way of specific embodiments. It is to be understood that these examples are intended to illustrate the invention and are not intended to limit its scope.
As shown in fig. 1, the utility model comprises a signal conditioning and analog-to-digital conversion circuit, a single chip, a data storage circuit, an RS-485 communication circuit and a power management circuit. Wherein: the single chip microcomputer is the core of signal acquisition and control, is powered by a single battery, receives an instruction sent by the PC to control the power management unit to select other module circuits to be powered by the external power supply or the battery, and returns a power supply voltage value; under the control of the single chip microcomputer, the analog-to-digital conversion circuit acquires an electric signal, and the obtained data is stored in the high-capacity SD card and transmitted to the water surface PC through the RS-485 communication circuit. Wherein,
1. the power management circuit: including a power supply selection and data conversion section.
The system can be powered by external power or by an on-board battery. The voltage conversion part adopts a plurality of isolated DC/DC voltage conversion modules with different models, which are used for supplying power to the outside or converting the voltage supplied by the battery into independent power supply to each module of the circuit.
2. Signal conditioning and analog-to-digital conversion circuit:
a24-bit analog-to-digital converter conversion circuit with 3 input channels is adopted to perform analog-to-digital conversion on signals of the 3 channels, electric signals output by electrodes of three adjacent channels respectively pass through front-end differential input bias voltage, are sent to a pre-program control amplifier to be amplified, and then pass through a second-order Butterworth low-pass filter and are sent to a 24-bit analog-to-digital converter, as shown in figure 2. The analog-to-digital converter converts the analog electric signal into a digital signal under the control of the singlechip, stores the obtained data in the high-capacity SD card through the SPI bus, and transmits the data to the PC through an RS-485 bus network.
3. The main control unit of the single chip microcomputer:
the MSP430F1611 of the low-power-consumption single chip microcomputer is used as a control core and mainly comprises the following modules: the device comprises a serial port module, a calendar clock module, an SD card storage module and a watchdog module.
A serial port module: the serial single-chip microcomputer has two serial ports, one of which is communicated with a water surface PC. And the other one is in time-sharing multiplexing through a serial port and is respectively communicated with the analog-to-digital conversion circuit and the storage circuit.
The calendar clock module (chip model DS 1306) has mainly three functions: accurate time information is improved for analysis of measurement data; providing an external interrupt for the system to start or stop measurement in a timing manner; can be used as an external timing reset.
The singlechip is the control core of the signal acquisition circuit, and the main function is to execute corresponding operation by receiving the communication instruction of the water surface PC: starting up self-checking, starting and finishing work and setting parameters. When the communication with the PC is interrupted, the single chip can automatically take over to complete normal data acquisition. When the preset time arrives (the calendar clock is interrupted), the singlechip is triggered to start the measurement work; and the work can be automatically stopped when the preset finishing time is reached.
The flow chart of the software of the single chip control core (hereinafter referred to as the main control unit) is shown in fig. 3. The main process is as follows: after power-on, the program enters an initialization subfunction which mainly comprises system clock initialization, serial port initialization, Micro SD card detection and initialization. And after the initialization is finished, reading the operation parameter values in the power-down prevention memory, and judging the operation state when the power is down last time. If the last time is abnormal reset in the working state, the system directly enters the working state, otherwise, the system enters the dormancy state to wait for the occurrence of the serial port interrupt. After the serial port is interrupted, the program can perform the following three tasks: setting parameters, reading files and entering work. The program outlets of the three tasks return to continue waiting for the serial port interrupt until the next task is generated.
RS-485 communication circuit:
the communication mode comprises 232 serial port communication and 485 communication with photoelectric isolation. Wherein, the singlechip communicates with the water surface PC machine by using optical isolation 485 communication; the single chip controls the analog to digital conversion and data storage using 232 communication. The communication mainly has the functions of realizing instruction and data transmission, parameter modification, monitoring state reading and the like of the water surface PC system and the single chip microcomputer.
The utility model discloses consider the particularity of dragging the operation, done following design:
the signal acquisition circuit needs to be sealed into the waterproof cabin of the cable joint, and the device can adapt to the work in deeper water areas and needs small volume for sealing, light and pressure resistance. The volume miniaturization of the node is realized by adopting the following measures: the components and connectors are packaged in the smallest possible package. Most chips in the node design are packaged by flat patches, and the resistor and the capacitor are packaged in a 0402 size, so that the space is saved to the maximum extent; the circuit is simple, the circuit board is drawn into a 4-layer PCB, the area of the wiring is increased, and the whole volume of the node is compressed; because the system uses the battery to supply power, after the power consumption of the system is reduced, the capacity and the volume of the battery can be reduced under the same service time, and the reduction of the whole volume can also be realized.
Because the signal acquisition circuit can be used for supplying power by using a battery for a long time under the sea floor when in work, the low power consumption performance of the signal acquisition circuit is considered when a node and an acquisition network are designed. The method is designed and realized by adopting the following method, and a device with low self power consumption is selected. If the system selects the MSP430 series of single-chip microcomputers with low power consumption, the consumption current is only 0.1 muA when the single-chip microcomputers are in the LPM3 sleep mode. A low-voltage power supply is used, and 3V is used as a system power supply for nodes, so that the power consumption of each chip and circuit can be obviously reduced by reducing the voltage; trying to turn off the unneeded resources. Resources such as a timer of the singlechip and the like are closed at any time after the use is finished; the communication device defaults to close in sending and receives an enabling state, a memory, a clock chip and the like which are not used temporarily, and chip selection signals are cancelled; the power supply of the device outside the single chip microcomputer is controlled to be switched off by the single chip microcomputer as much as possible. For example, the power supplies of the signal conditioning circuit and the analog-digital conversion circuit are controlled by one CMOS device, and the single chip microcomputer can integrally turn off the power supply of the module when the single chip microcomputer does not work, so that the power consumption is saved to the maximum extent; the sleep mode and the interrupt function of the singlechip are fully utilized, so that the singlechip is in a sleep state in most of time.
The working process of the utility model is as follows:
the singlechip is the core of the whole signal acquisition circuit, and receives the command of the water surface PC to execute tasks such as power-on self-test, starting and ending work, parameter setting, data playback and the like. When the communication between the singlechip and the water surface PC is interrupted accidentally or set intentionally, the underwater control system can judge the fault in time and enter a program self-containing mode, namely, the singlechip automatically takes over the whole signal acquisition work without the instruction of the water surface PC to complete the preset task.
The system first selects a power supply source. In the self-checking operation, the single chip microcomputer sequentially turns on each device and communicates with the device, and if the communication is normal and each index is not abnormal, the self-checking is considered to be passed. If the communication fails or some information is abnormal, the singlechip sends a fault signal to the water surface PC.
In the parameter setting, the singlechip firstly opens the analog-digital conversion circuit, and then sends the parameters (including timing starting and ending measurement time, data uploading interval time, time calibration and the like) sent by the water surface PC to the singlechip. And after receiving the data, the single chip performs power-down prevention storage, and sends an instruction to indicate that the parameter setting is successful. And the singlechip closes the analog-digital conversion circuit after receiving the instruction and replies that the parameter setting of the water surface PC is successful.
In operation, the singlechip waits for the PC to issue a command for starting measurement. If the command is not issued, when the preset starting measurement time is reached, the singlechip commands the analog-digital conversion circuit to start working. The analog-digital conversion circuit converts the electric signal into a digital signal, and the data is stored in the SD card through the SPI bus, and is transmitted to the water surface PC through the RS-485 bus. When the water surface PC machine issues a measurement ending command or the preset measurement ending time arrives, the singlechip commands the analog-digital conversion circuit to quit working and turns off the power supply.
The above examples are only for illustrating the technical idea and features of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention cannot be limited thereby. All equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides an ocean electrical method detection signal acquisition circuit which characterized in that this circuit includes signal conditioning and analog-to-digital conversion circuit, singlechip control core, data memory circuit, communication circuit and power management circuit, wherein: the singlechip control core selects a power supply source by controlling the power supply management circuit; the singlechip control core controls the analog-digital conversion circuit to acquire signals after being conditioned by amplification, filtering and the like, and the obtained digital information is stored in a high-capacity SD card on one hand and is transmitted to a water surface PC (personal computer) through a communication circuit on the other hand.
2. The ocean electrical prospecting signal collecting circuit of claim 1, wherein the signal conditioning and analog-to-digital conversion circuit adopts a 24-bit analog-to-digital converter conversion circuit with 3 input channels to perform analog-to-digital conversion on the signals of 3 channels, and the electric signals respectively output from the electrodes of the adjacent 3 channels are sent to the pre-programmed amplifier for amplification after being subjected to front-end differential input bias voltage, and then sent to the 24-bit analog-to-digital converter after being subjected to a second-order Butterworth low-pass filter.
3. The ocean electrical prospecting signal acquisition circuit of claim 1, characterized in that the single chip microcomputer control core adopts a low-power MSP430F1611 single chip microcomputer as a control core, and mainly controls the operation of the serial port communication module, the calendar clock module, the SD card storage module, the multi-way switch driving and indicating module.
4. The ocean electrical prospecting signal acquisition circuit of claim 3, wherein the singlechip control core has two serial ports, one of which is communicated with the water surface PC and executes the operations including state detection information, starting and ending work and parameter setting; and the other one is in time-sharing multiplexing through a serial port and is respectively communicated with the data acquisition circuit module and the data storage module.
5. The ocean electrical detection signal acquisition circuit according to claim 4, wherein when the communication with the water surface PC is interrupted, the single chip microcomputer can automatically take over the water surface PC, and when the preset time is reached, the single chip microcomputer is triggered to start the measurement work; the measurement can be automatically stopped when the preset end time is reached.
6. The ocean electrical prospecting signal acquisition circuit of claim 1 wherein the power management circuit comprises a power supply selection portion and a voltage conversion portion, wherein: the power supply selection part uses the singlechip to select external power supply or self-contained battery power supply; the voltage conversion part converts the voltage of the battery provided by the outside or carried by the battery into independent power supply voltage for each module of the circuit.
7. The ocean electrical prospecting signal acquisition circuit of claim 1, wherein the communication unit comprises 232 serial port communication and 485 communication with photoelectric isolation, wherein: the singlechip communicates with the water surface PC by using a 232 serial port; the single chip communicates with the data acquisition unit using 232 communications.
8. The ocean electrical prospecting signal acquisition circuit of claim 1, wherein the communication circuit comprises 232 serial communication and 485 communication with photoelectric isolation, the communication contents mainly comprise communication between a singlechip control core and a PC (personal computer), and the communication contents comprise data and instruction transmission, time-sharing multiplexing of a serial port, command identification, data receiving and checking, and communication fault identification and processing; the single bus reads and sets the reference time of the calendar clock and the time of the alarm clock, and the single bus comprises an alarm judgment and packaging sending PC system of monitoring data.
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| CN201420342031.0U CN203930088U (en) | 2014-06-25 | 2014-06-25 | A kind of ocean electrical survey (-ing) signal acquisition circuit |
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| CN201420342031.0U CN203930088U (en) | 2014-06-25 | 2014-06-25 | A kind of ocean electrical survey (-ing) signal acquisition circuit |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104199112A (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2014-12-10 | 国家海洋局第一海洋研究所 | Oceanic electrical prospecting signal collection circuit |
| CN111323828A (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2020-06-23 | 中国海洋大学 | Program-controlled gain type ocean electric field signal acquisition method, system, device and application |
-
2014
- 2014-06-25 CN CN201420342031.0U patent/CN203930088U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104199112A (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2014-12-10 | 国家海洋局第一海洋研究所 | Oceanic electrical prospecting signal collection circuit |
| CN111323828A (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2020-06-23 | 中国海洋大学 | Program-controlled gain type ocean electric field signal acquisition method, system, device and application |
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