CN203928596U - 一种空气分离污氮气的回收再利用装置 - Google Patents

一种空气分离污氮气的回收再利用装置 Download PDF

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CN203928596U
CN203928596U CN201420298351.0U CN201420298351U CN203928596U CN 203928596 U CN203928596 U CN 203928596U CN 201420298351 U CN201420298351 U CN 201420298351U CN 203928596 U CN203928596 U CN 203928596U
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water
cooling tower
nitrogen
pipeline
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贾广如
张卫
李军
陈和林
高国强
杨毅坤
马卫东
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Hebei Iron And Steel Co Ltd Handan Branch
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04157—Afterstage cooling and so-called "pre-cooling" of the feed air upstream the air purification unit and main heat exchange line
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
    • F25J3/04775—Air purification and pre-cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
    • F25J3/04812—Different modes, i.e. "runs" of operation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
    • F25J2205/30—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using a washing, e.g. "scrubbing" or bubble column for purification purposes
    • F25J2205/32—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using a washing, e.g. "scrubbing" or bubble column for purification purposes as direct contact cooling tower to produce a cooled gas stream, e.g. direct contact after cooler [DCAC]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
    • F25J2205/30—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using a washing, e.g. "scrubbing" or bubble column for purification purposes
    • F25J2205/34—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using a washing, e.g. "scrubbing" or bubble column for purification purposes as evaporative cooling tower to produce chilled water, e.g. evaporative water chiller [EWC]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/42—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams the fluid being nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
    • F25J2245/42—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams the recycled stream being nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/90—External refrigeration, e.g. conventional closed-loop mechanical refrigeration unit using Freon or NH3, unspecified external refrigeration

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Abstract

一种空气分离污氮气的回收再利用装置，属于深冷空气分离设备技术领域，用于对空气分离装置分离出的污氮气进行高效回收和再利用。其技术方案是：它的空气分离装置分别通过管路与分子筛系统和水冷却塔相连接，水冷却塔通过管路与空气冷却塔相连接，第一冷水机组与水冷却塔相连接，吸附器与空气分离装置相连接，空气冷却塔底部有回水管路与第二冷水机组的进水口相连接，第二冷水机组的出水口通过管路与水冷却塔上部相连接。本实用新型在去水冷却塔的污氮气减少时保留水冷却塔对水的冷却功能，满足空气冷却塔对低温水质的要求，解决了空分装置配置单台冷水机运行时的瓶颈问题，提高了设备的可靠性，产品气产量增加，大大降低空气分离的运行成本。

Description

一种空气分离污氮气的回收再利用装置
技术领域
本实用新型涉及一种对空气分离装置分离出的污氮气进行高效回收和再利用的装置，属于深冷空气分离设备技术领域。
背景技术
在钢铁冶金生产中，很多企业采用低温空气分离设备制取氧气、氮气、氩气，为炼钢、炼铁等系统提供气体能源。传统空气分离装置只把氧气、氮气、氩气等作为产品外送，随之分离的污氮气作为自身分子筛系统再生气和水冷却塔的冷却气体使用。随着冶金行业炼铁系统和钢轧系统工艺的改变，氮气需求量越来越大，系统配套的空分装置提供的氧气和氮气由于后续工艺结构变化导致供求不平衡，为了保证气体能源供应，被迫增开空气分离设备，满足氮气的需求，这样会引起氧气的放散，导致空分设备能耗增加和能源浪费。
实用新型内容
本实用新型所要解决的技术问题是提供一种空气分离污氮气的回收再利用装置，这种装置能够高效回收空气分离的污氮气，并且通过灵活配比的工艺，实现差异性氮气产品的供给，增加空气分离分离外送产品数量，降低产品综合成本。
解决上述技术问题的技术方案是：
一种空气分离污氮气的回收再利用装置，它包括空气冷却塔、水冷却塔、空气分离装置、第一冷水机组、吸附器，空气分离装置分别通过管路与分子筛系统和水冷却塔相连接，水冷却塔通过管路与空气冷却塔相连接，第一冷水机组与水冷却塔相连接，吸附器与空气分离装置相连接，其改进之处是，它增加了第二冷水机组，空气冷却塔底部有回水管路与第二冷水机组的进水口相连接，第二冷水机组的出水口通过管路与水冷却塔上部相连接。
上述空气分离污氮气的回收再利用装置，空气分离装置有输气管路与低压氮气管网相连接，输气管路中安装污氮气压缩机，低压氮气管网与氮气用户相连接，在低压氮气管网上安装有氮气纯度分析仪。
本实用新型的有益效果是：
本实用新型增加了一台大温差冷水机组，在去水冷却塔的污氮气减少时保留水冷却塔对水的冷却功能，满足空气冷却塔对低温水质的要求，解决了一台空分装置配置单台冷水机运行时的瓶颈问题，提高了设备的可靠性。
本实用新型通过系统需求调整运行方式，在系统氮气需求减少时，恢复水冷却塔氮水冷却功能，在氮气需求量增加时，调出水冷却塔污氮，满足生产系统供给需求。
本实用新型满足了系统差异性供气，产品气产量增加，可以大大降低空气分离的运行成本，系统调配手段更加灵活，设备综合能耗降低。
附图说明
图1是本实用新型的结构示意图。
图中标记如下：空气冷却塔1、水冷却塔2、空气分离装置3、吸附器4、第一冷水机组5、第二冷水机组6、污氮气压缩机7、低压氮气管网8、空气管路9、冷却水管路10、压缩空气管路11、调节阀PIC1213、排气阀PV1213A、排气阀PV1213B、排气阀PV1213C、手动调节阀HV1101、手动调节阀HV1102、手动调节阀HV1103。
具体实施方式
在钢铁企业的空气分离设备中，分离的污氮气纯度可以达到99.92%，基本可以满足作为炼铁系统和炼钢系统密封保护气和煤气回收使用的要求。在本实用新型的空气分离系统中，污氮气分成两部分，一部分作为自身分子筛系统再生气；另一部分去空气分离设备中的水冷却塔，作为水冷却塔冷源，把水降温后放散。
为了回收污氮气，把去水冷却塔作冷源的那部分污氮气，部分或全部取出，经过压缩后送入低压氮气管网（0.8MPa），增加管网低压氮气的总量。由于去水冷却塔的污氮气减少，对水的冷却效果降低，为了弥补这部分冷损，需要对现有的装置进行改进。
本实用新型包括空气冷却塔1、水冷却塔2、空气分离装置3、吸附器4、第一冷水机组5、第二冷水机组6、污氮气压缩机7、空气管路9、冷却水管路10以及多个阀门。
图中显示，水冷却塔2通过管路与空气冷却塔1相连接，第一冷水机组5与水冷却塔2相连接，吸附器4与空气分离装置3相连接，空气冷却塔1底部有回水管路与第二冷水机组的进水口相连接，第二冷水机组的出水口通过管路与水冷却塔上部相连接。手动调节阀HV1101、手动调节阀HV1102、手动调节阀HV1103分别安装在连接管路中。
图中显示，空气分离装置3中的分离出的污氮气的一部分通过污氮气压缩机7进入低压氮气管网8，低压氮气管网8的压力为0.8MPa，低压氮气管网8与氮气用户相连接，在低压氮气管网8上安装有氮气纯度分析仪，用于监视和控制低压氮气的纯度。
本实用新型的工作过程如下：
从本实用新型的空气分离装置3分离出的污氮气，分成四路：
第一路经过调节阀PIC1213送入分子筛系统，保证去分子筛系统再生污氮气的流量；
第二路经过排气阀PV1213A送入水冷却塔2下部，和水换热后放空；
第三路经过排气阀PV1213B直接放空，用来调节污氮气的压力为一恒定值。
第四路经过排气阀PV1213C、污氮气压缩机7，压缩后送入0.8MPa的低压氮气管网8。
本实用新型增加了第二冷水机组6，可以弥补由于去水冷却塔的污氮气减少，对水的冷却效果降低的冷损。从空气冷却塔1底部抽出带压回水经过调节阀分两路。当系统不需要取出污氮气时，直接经过手动调节阀HV1101送入水冷却塔2的上部；当系统需要取出污氮气时，经过手动调节阀HV1102，在第二冷水机组6内冷却后，经过手动调节阀HV1103送入水冷却塔2的上部。第二冷水机组6配置两个独立的回路，当污氮气压缩机7取出的流量较大时，两个冷却回路都启动，当取出的污氮气量较小时，只启动一个冷却回路，保持系统在低能耗区间运行。
在水冷却塔2冷却后的水经过水泵加压，在第一冷水机组5内继续冷却，然后送入空气冷却塔1，和空气换热后流入空气冷却塔1底部。当第一冷水机组5有问题时，可以不回收污氮气，启动串联在回路中第二冷水机组6，代替第一冷水机组5，解决了一台空分装置配置单台冷水机运行时的瓶颈问题，提高了设备的可靠性。
本实用新型通过排气阀PV1213C控制污氮气去污氮气压缩机7的流量和高纯氮气供给分配量。在低压氮气管网8上，用氮气纯度分析仪监视和控制低压氮气的纯度。当低压氮气管网8的氮气纯度含氧超过氮气用户需求时，减少污氮气压缩机7的流量输出，当低压氮气管网8的氮气纯度含氧较低时，可以适当加大污氮气。同时检测空气冷却塔1的污氮气含氧量，当含氧量超出0.2%时，程序自动卸载污氮压缩机，确保外送的低压氮气管网纯度合格，满足后续工艺的需要。
去空气冷却塔1的空气来自空气压缩机，当压缩机的末级冷却器效果不好时，进入空气冷却塔1的空气温度会升高，为了保证出空气冷却塔1的空气温度，可以启动第二冷水机组6，增加系统的冷量，弥补空压机末级冷却器的冷却效果。
在空气分离设备中，利用去水冷却塔作冷源的污氮气不饱和的特性，达到使水降温的作用，这可以采取其他降温方式替换出部分污氮气，与氮气配比，进行分级、分品质、分系统供气。由于满足系统差异性供气，产品气产量的增加，可以大大降低空气分离运行成本，系统调配手段更加灵活，设备综合能耗降低。

Claims (2)

1.一种空气分离污氮气的回收再利用装置，它包括空气冷却塔（1）、水冷却塔（2）、空气分离装置（3）、第一冷水机组（5）、吸附器（4），空气分离装置（3）分别通过管路与分子筛系统和水冷却塔（2）相连接，水冷却塔（2）通过管路与空气冷却塔（1）相连接，第一冷水机组（5）与水冷却塔（2）相连接，吸附器（4）与空气分离装置（3）相连接，其特征在于：它增加了第二冷水机组（6），空气冷却塔（1）底部有回水管路与第二冷水机组（6）的进水口相连接，第二冷水机组（6）的出水口通过管路与水冷却塔（2）上部相连接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的空气分离污氮气的回收再利用装置，其特征在于：空气分离装置（3）有输气管路与低压氮气管网（8）相连接，输气管路中安装污氮气压缩机（7），低压氮气管网（8）与氮气用户相连接，在低压氮气管网（8）上安装有氮气纯度分析仪。
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107021459A (zh) * 2016-01-29 2017-08-08 鞍钢股份有限公司 一种制氧机组纯氮气倒换污氮气装置及方法
CN111023698A (zh) * 2019-12-17 2020-04-17 聊城市鲁西化工工程设计有限责任公司 一种利用超低压污氮气的系统及方法

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107021459A (zh) * 2016-01-29 2017-08-08 鞍钢股份有限公司 一种制氧机组纯氮气倒换污氮气装置及方法
CN107021459B (zh) * 2016-01-29 2019-02-26 鞍钢股份有限公司 一种制氧机组污氮气倒换纯氮气装置及方法
CN111023698A (zh) * 2019-12-17 2020-04-17 聊城市鲁西化工工程设计有限责任公司 一种利用超低压污氮气的系统及方法

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