CN203894084U - Expanded soil water batch sampling device - Google Patents

Expanded soil water batch sampling device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN203894084U
CN203894084U CN201420307591.2U CN201420307591U CN203894084U CN 203894084 U CN203894084 U CN 203894084U CN 201420307591 U CN201420307591 U CN 201420307591U CN 203894084 U CN203894084 U CN 203894084U
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China
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sampling
processing device
water sample
batch processing
holard
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CN201420307591.2U
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Inventor
马涛
刘九夫
张建云
顾慰祖
陆家驹
刘宏伟
尚熳廷
郑皓
谢民
王志敏
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Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute of National Energy Administration Ministry of Transport Ministry of Water Resources
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Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute of National Energy Administration Ministry of Transport Ministry of Water Resources
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Abstract

The utility model discloses an expanded soil water batch sampling device, comprising samplers, water sample bottles, a buffer bottle and a vacuum pump. The device is characterized by comprising a plurality of groups of samplers and the water sample bottles, wherein the device also comprises a batch processor and a concentrated exhaust switch; the batch processor is communicated with the vacuum pump through the buffer bottle; a plurality of overflow pipes are arranged inside the batch processor; each sampler comprises a clay head, a cavity body, a sampling pipe and an exhaust pipe; the sampling pipes are respectively connected with respective water sample bottles; the water sample bottles are respectively communicated with the overflow pipes of the batch processor; and the exhaust pipes are respectively connected with the concentrated exhaust switch. The expanded soil water batch sampling device disclosed by the utility model is reasonable in structural design, has the characteristics of batch, synchronous, in-situ and long-term positioning and collecting, and also has remarkable advantages of convenience and high efficiency in practical work with a plurality of disperse sampling points; and the soil water batch sampling operation can be achieved, and the quantity of the samplers can be expanded according to the actual situation.

Description

The expanded type holard is sampling apparatus in batches
Technical field
The invention belongs to water sampling technical field, relate to a kind of harvester of soil water sample, particularly relate to a kind of expanded type holard sampling apparatus in batches, maintain means with vacuum and gather soil water sample, complete holard water sample in batches, synchronous, original position, long-term positioning acquisition.
Background technology
The holard is the carrier of material migration and motion, be the research emphasis in the fields such as pedology, hydrology, botany and eco-environment, its research and application are related to the research of unsaturation band chemical element Transport, unsaturation band water pollution mechanism and study on prevention, crop nutrition content absorption and the efficient a series of activities contents such as research of utilizing.
Holard sampling is basis and the prerequisite of carrying out above-mentioned research work." soil liquid Sampling techniques progress " (Song waits quietly, soil: 2000), " application of original position soil solution Sampling techniques " (Sun Mingde etc., Beijing Agriculture science: calendar year 2001) and " soil liquid sampling technique and soil liquid sampler sample application in stratified fixed-depth water " (Han Shuan equality, earth journal: 2006) philosophy carried out concluding to the current conventional holard method of sampling and summed up, be divided into following several types: (1) is soil sampling method directly: pedotheque is taken out from original position, in laboratory, pass through centrifuge method, extraction method, column precipitator method and milling process etc. are separated the holard from soil, (2) gravity flow method: original position is installed holard sampling thief, relies on gravity certainly to flow in water sample bottle by the holard, (3) negative pressure method: original position is installed holard sampling thief, takes out after negative pressure by the poor absorption holard of external and internal pressure.
Directly soil sampling is owned by France in destructive sampling method, can cause the change of soil physical and chemical property, and disadvantage is to be unfavorable for long-term Position Research; Gravity flow method can meet the demand of long-term Position Research, but is only applicable to the soil that water cut is abundant; Negative pressure method not only can meet the demand of long-term Position Research, and is applicable for the soil except the holard is poor especially, and therefore the method is widely applied, and has already become a kind of method the most frequently used in holard Sampling techniques.But negative pressure method also has its limitation: because soil is a heterogeneous system, its physics, chemical property exist space and time difference, similar with other method, also there is representative not strong problem in the single holard sample that negative pressure method collects.The representativeness that how to improve holard sample is the focal issue of paying close attention in the exploitation of holard Sampling techniques and developmental research always.
Obviously, sampled point is more, and the sample representativeness collecting is higher, and the difficulty of sampling is corresponding also just larger.Negative pressure method can, by increasing the mode of sampling thief, gather the soil water sample of diverse location, different depth, thereby is conducive to improve the representativeness of sample.But in actual samples process, prior art is to be all connected respectively with each sampling thief by a vacuum pump both at home and abroad, and each sampling thief is carried out to vacuum pumping one by one.This working method wastes time and energy, and in the situation that sampled point is more, cannot ensure the synchronism of sample collection.Research and development holard batch Sampling techniques become the active demand of holard research field, and domestic and international academia rarely has report to this so far.
Summary of the invention
For the holard present situation that in batches Sampling techniques lack, the invention provides a kind ofly have in batches, the expanded type holard sampling apparatus in batches of synchronous, original position, long-term positioning acquisition feature.
For realizing goal of the invention, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
The expanded type holard of the present invention is sampling apparatus in batches, comprises sampling thief, water sample bottle, surge flask and vacuum pump, it is characterized in that, described device comprises some groups of sampling thiefs and water sample bottle, also comprises batch processing device and concentrated air discharge cook; Described batch processing device is connected with vacuum pump by surge flask, and some run-down pipes are set in batch processing device; Described sampling thief is made up of pot clay end, cavity, stopple coupon and gas outlet, and the stopple coupon of sampling thief connects respectively water sample bottle separately, and water sample bottle is connected with the run-down pipe of batch processing device respectively, and the gas outlet of sampling thief connects respectively concentrated air discharge cook.
The described expanded type holard is sampling apparatus in batches, and the quantity of sampling thief can be expanded voluntarily according to actual conditions such as sampled point quantity, position and sample representativeness requirements.By batch processing device, the sampling thiefs that disperse are connected morely, all sampling thiefs are concentrated to vacuum pumping, in the situation that sampled point is more, ensure the synchronism of sample collection.
Described sampling thief is made up of pot clay end, cavity, stopple coupon and gas outlet.Pot clay end is made up of micropore china clay material, is the critical component of sampling thief; Cavity is the hollow space of sampling thief, when sampling, by extracting the air in cavity, makes cavity present negative pressure state, and in the time that vacuum tightness in cavity is enough high, sampling thief moisture around just can see through pot clay end and enter cavity; Stopple coupon gos deep into cavity apart from 3-5mm place, bottom, and its effect is that the water sample that enters cavity is drawn in water sample bottle; Gas outlet gos deep into cavity apart from 3-5mm place, upper end, and its effect sheds vacuum in cavity while being sampling end, the water sample remaining in cavity is entered in water sample bottle, to reduce the pollution to next collected specimens as far as possible.
Described water sample bottle adopts rubber plug sealing Brown Glass Brown glass bottles and jars only, for the temporary transient soil water sample collecting that stores.On rubber plug, with two glass tubes, 3-5mm in vial is goed deep in its one end, and the other end is connected with the stopple coupon of sampling thief, the run-down pipe of batch processing device respectively.
Described batch processing device can be made up of organic glass, is shaped as cylindrically, and bottom surface diameter is 200mm, and cylinder height can be expanded voluntarily according to collector quantity to be connected.Its effect is that sampling thiefs many and that disperse are connected, and reaches the object of all sampling thiefs being concentrated to vacuum pumping.It is 4 × 6mm(internal diameter × external diameter that the run-down pipe that is positioned at batch processing device inside adopts specification, lower with), the plexi-glass tubular of long 180mm, along the radially vertically setting of batch processing device.The design of batch processing device can effectively solve the nonsynchronous technical matters of sample rate in batch sampling process.Rely on the negative pressure of the bulky Superiority Promoting sampling thief of batch processing device to maintain ability simultaneously.
Described vacuum pump can be selected two kinds of electrodynamic type and manual modes according to condition of work.
Described concentrated air discharge cook adopts hard PVC material to make, and comprises cavity, and cavity is provided with exhausr port and one group of air intake opening.Its effect is that the gas outlet of each sampling thief is linked together, thereby while realizing sampling end, each sampling thief is concentrated to exhaust, the water sample remaining in sampling thief cavity is all entered in water sample bottle, with the object that reduces next collected specimens to pollute as far as possible.Concentrate venting to process to each sampling thief, can improve the convenience of sampling work.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are:
(1) expanded type holard batch sampling apparatus can be realized holard sampling operation in batches, has changed this technical field is carried out vacuum pumping one by one present situation to each sampling thief;
(2) quantity of the expanded type holard sampling thief that in batches sampling apparatus connects can be expanded voluntarily according to actual conditions such as sampled point quantity, position and sample representativeness requirements, many at sampled point and in the real work that disperses, have facility, a significant advantage efficiently;
(3) vacuum state, the vacuum beginning and ending time of the sampling thief that expanded type holard batch sampling apparatus connects are in full accord, have ensured the synchronism of sample collection;
(4) expanded type holard sampling apparatus reasonable in design in batches, successfully manage the asynchronous problem of sample rate in batch sampling process, made to be when this device is different with the degree of depth in sampling thief embedding location, the water content levels of the soil body of living in differs greatly applicable;
(5) the expanded type holard negative pressure that in batches sampling apparatus has strengthened sampling thief maintains ability, the negative pressure of sampling thief is held time more lasting, thereby has further promoted the serviceability of sampling thief;
(6) utilization of expanded type holard batch sampling apparatus concentrates air discharge cook in the time that sampling finishes, to concentrate venting processing to each sampling thief, has strengthened the convenience of sampling work;
(7) the expanded type holard selected sampling thief original position installation of sampling apparatus in batches, can meet the demand of long-term Position Research, and can in the time that sampling finishes, the water sample remaining in cavity be discharged, and reduce the pollution to next collected specimens as far as possible.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the expanded type holard of the present utility model structural representation of sampling apparatus in batches.
Wherein: 1 is sampling thief; 2 is water sample bottle; 3 is batch processing device; 4 is surge flask; 5 is vacuum pump; 6 for concentrating air discharge cook; 7 is connecting pipe; 8 is pot clay end; 9 is cavity; 10 is the stopple coupon of sampling thief; 11 is the gas outlet of sampling thief; 12 is the run-down pipe of batch processing device; 13 is the exhausr port of batch processing device.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, expanded type holard batch sampling apparatus of the present utility model is made up of sampling thief 1, water sample bottle 2, batch processing device 3, surge flask 4, vacuum pump 5, concentrated air discharge cook 6 and connecting pipe 7.
Described sampling thief 1 can be selected the sampling thief described in ZL 200520110649.5, is made up of pot clay end 8, cavity 9, stopple coupon 10 and gas outlet 11.Pot clay end 8 is made up of micropore china clay material, is the critical component of sampling thief; Cavity 9 is hollow spaces of sampling thief 1, when sampling, by extracting the air in cavity 9, makes cavity 9 present negative pressure state, and in the time that the interior vacuum tightness of cavity 9 is enough high, sampling thief 1 moisture around just can see through pot clay end 8 and enter cavity 9; Stopple coupon 10 specifications are 4 × 6mm(internal diameter × external diameter, lower same), go deep into cavity 9 apart from 3-5mm place, bottom, its effect is that the water sample that enters cavity 9 is drawn in water sample bottle 2; Gas outlet 11 specifications are 4 × 6mm, go deep into cavity 9 apart from 3-5mm place, upper end, and its effect sheds the interior vacuum of cavity 9 while being sampling end, the water sample remaining in cavity 9 is entered in water sample bottle 2, to reduce the pollution to next collected specimens as far as possible.
Described water sample bottle 2 adopts 500ml rubber plug sealing Brown Glass Brown glass bottles and jars only, for the temporary transient soil water sample collecting that stores.On rubber plug, with the glass tube of two 4 × 6mm specifications, 3-5mm in vial is goed deep in its one end, and the other end is connected with the stopple coupon 10 of sampling thief 1, the run-down pipe 12 of batch processing device 3 respectively.
Described batch processing device 3 can be made up of organic glass, is shaped as cylindrically, and bottom surface diameter is 200mm, and cylinder height can be expanded voluntarily according to collector to be connected 1 quantity.Its effect is that sampling thiefs 1 many and that disperse are connected, and reaches all sampling thiefs 1 are concentrated to the object of vacuum pumping.It is the plexi-glass tubular of 4 × 6mm, long 180mm that the run-down pipe 12 that is positioned at batch processing device 3 inside adopts specification, radially vertically arranges along batch processing device 3.Because the position that sampling thief 1 buries is different with the degree of depth, the water content levels of its soil body of living in differs greatly, and therefore the sample introduction speed of each water sample bottle 2 can faster or slower, and in the time that the sample size of water sample bottle 2 exceedes self volume, watery stool can flow in batch processing device 3.The effect of run-down pipe 12 is to ensure that the water sample in each water sample bottle 2 is separate, undopes mutually.The design of batch processing device 3 can effectively solve the nonsynchronous technical matters of sample rate in batch sampling process.Rely on the negative pressure of the bulky Superiority Promoting sampling thief 1 of batch processing device 3 to maintain ability simultaneously.
Described surge flask 4 adopts 5000ml rubber plug sealing Clear glass bottles and jars, for the temporary transient water body flowing out from batch processing device 3 that stores, plays the object of protection vacuum pump 5.On rubber plug, with the glass tube of two 4 × 6mm specifications, 3-5mm in vial is goed deep in its one end, and the other end is connected with the exhausr port 13 of batch processing device 3, the draft tube of vacuum pump 5 respectively.
Described vacuum pump 5 can be selected two kinds of electrodynamic type and manual modes according to condition of work.Under condition, select electrodynamic type vacuum pump relatively time saving and energy saving easily powering, electrodynamic type vacuum pump can be fixedly installed in indoor, itself and surge flask 4 is coupled together with longer connecting pipe.Under the inconvenient condition of power supply, can select hand-held or foot-operated vacuum pump, relatively weak but easy to carry because of its vacuum capability, can select shorter connecting pipe to carry out vacuum pumping.
Described concentrated air discharge cook 6 adopts hard PVC material to make, and comprises cavity, and cavity is provided with exhausr port and one group of air intake opening.Its effect is that the gas outlet of each sampling thief 1 11 is linked together, thereby while realizing sampling end, each sampling thief 1 is concentrated to exhaust, the water sample remaining in sampling thief cavity 9 is all entered in water sample bottle 2, with the object that reduces next collected specimens to pollute as far as possible.Concentrate venting to process to each sampling thief 1, can improve the convenience of sampling work.
Applicant has installed above-mentioned expanded type holard sampling apparatus in batches at certain comprehensive hydrology Experimental Base, and in flood season in 2013 sampling work, this device has been obtained good effect in flush period and water-break phase.Concrete implementation step is as follows:
Step 1: determine suitable sampling thief 1 installation site and quantity according to sampling object.For example, the about 500m of hydrology recluse work experimental basin area of comprehensive hydrology Experimental Base 2, the about 100cm of the soil body degree of depth, is provided with 0,30,60,100cm layering runoff observation facility.Based on improve the representativeness of holard sample and reduce the consideration of destruction two aspects of watershed as far as possible, the degree of depth has finally been installed and has been respectively the corresponding 0-30cm soil body of 15cm(), the corresponding 30-60cm soil body of 45cm(), the 80cm(correspondence 60-100cm soil body) each 14 of sampling thief 1.
Step 2: sampling thief 1 is installed.Choose the steel pipe that an internal diameter doubles sampling thief 1 external diameter, adopt the mode vertical layered that external force is exerted pressure to take out the soil of sampling thief 1 position to be installed, and the soil of taking-up is dried, ground.Sampling thief 1 is put into depth to be installed, and ensure that sampling thief 1 is in vertical state.By soil layering backfill, tamping after drying, grinding.
Step 3: batch processing device 3 is installed.Adjust batch processing device 3 postures, when installation, ensure that its exhausr port 13 is positioned at below.Relative position between batch processing device 3 and sampling thief 1 can be determined according to easy to operate principle, and it is little on sample effect impact.
Step 4: water sample bottle 2 is installed.Utilize connecting pipe 7 that two glass tubes on water sample bottle 2 rubber plugs are connected with the stopple coupon 10 of sampling thief 1, the run-down pipe 12 of batch processing device 3 respectively.Because holard sampling quantity is generally little, the connecting pipe 7 between situation down-sampler 1 and the water sample bottle 2 of other conditions permit is advisable with short, and the connecting pipe 7 between water sample bottle 2 and batch processing device 3 can suitably be adjusted according to actual conditions.
Step 5: surge flask 4 and vacuum pump 5 are installed.Utilize connecting pipe 7 that two glass tubes on surge flask 4 rubber plugs are connected with exhausr port 13, the vacuum pump 5 of batch processing device 3 respectively.Relative position between surge flask 4 and batch processing device 3, vacuum pump 5 is little on sample effect impact; its effect is temporarily to store the water body that batch processing device 3 flows out; water body enters vacuum pump 5 when preventing vacuum pumping, thereby plays the object of protection vacuum pump 5.Therefore, surge flask 4 can be arranged near vacuum pump 5, to facilitate the water volume condition vacuumizing in front timely observation surge flask 4.
Step 6: install and concentrate air discharge cook 6.The gas outlet of each sampling thief 1 11 is connected with concentrated air discharge cook 6 respectively, while realizing sampling end, each sampling thief 1 is concentrated to exhaust, the water sample remaining in sampling thief cavity 9 is all entered in water sample bottle 2, with the object that reduces next collected specimens to pollute as far as possible.Therefore, concentrate air discharge cook 6 to be arranged near water sample bottle 2, can be water sample storage work and facilitate.
Step 7: numbering.According to information such as the installation site of sampling thief 1, the degree of depth, sampling objects, to sampling thief 1 number consecutively.On water sample bottle 2, connecting pipe 7, batch processing device 3, put up the label corresponding with sampling thief 1, and cement with adhesive tape.
Step 8: check early stage.Each parts of guaranteeing expanded type holard batch sampling apparatus connect correctly, and that guarantees device does not utilize passage, concentrated air discharge cook 6 in closed condition.
Step 9: sampling starts.Open vacuum pump 5 switches, start to take out negative-pressure operation.In vacuum meter display device, when reach approximately-80kPa of negative pressure, close the switch of batch processing device exhausr port 13, then close vacuum pump 5, this timer is in life's work state.
Step 10: sampling finishes.Holard sample rate depends on the residing soil moisture content situation of sampling thief 1, and practical application experience shows repeatedly to take out negative pressure and contributes to promote sample rate and increase sampling quantity.In the time that the interior water sample amount of water sample bottle 2 meets sample requirement, open and concentrate air discharge cook 6, the water sample remaining in sampling thief cavity 9 is all entered in water sample bottle 2.Afterwards, air discharge cook 6 in closure set.
Step 11: sample stores.Water sample in water sample bottle 2 is stored in advance be successively ready to, and numbered water sample storage bottle in.
Step 12: post-processed.Adopt ultrapure water to clean in water sample bottle 2, adopt drying machine drying, then install back in device.Invalid water body in the batch processing of draining device 3 and surge flask 4, so far this sampling work all finishes.

Claims (6)

1. expanded type holard sampling apparatus in batches, comprise sampling thief (1), water sample bottle (2), surge flask (4) and vacuum pump (5), it is characterized in that, described device comprises some groups of sampling thiefs (1) and water sample bottle (2), also comprises batch processing device (3) and concentrated air discharge cook (6); Described batch processing device (3) is connected with vacuum pump (5) by surge flask (4), and some run-down pipes (12) are set in batch processing device (3); Described sampling thief (1) is made up of pot clay end (8), cavity (9), stopple coupon (10) and gas outlet (11); The stopple coupon (10) of sampling thief (1) connects respectively water sample bottle (2) separately, and water sample bottle (2) is connected with the run-down pipe (12) of batch processing device (3) respectively, and the gas outlet (11) of sampling thief connects respectively concentrates air discharge cook (6).
2. the expanded type holard according to claim 1 sampling apparatus in batches, it is characterized in that: the pot clay end (8) of described sampling thief (1) is made up of micropore china clay material, stopple coupon (10) gos deep into cavity (9) apart from 3-5mm place, bottom, and gas outlet (11) gos deep into cavity (9) apart from 3-5mm place, upper end.
3. the expanded type holard according to claim 1 sampling apparatus in batches, is characterized in that: described water sample bottle (2) adopts 500ml rubber plug sealing Brown Glass Brown glass bottles and jars only; On rubber plug, with two glass tubes, 3-5mm in vial is goed deep in its one end, and the other end is connected with the stopple coupon (10) of sampling thief (1), the run-down pipe (12) of batch processing device (3) respectively.
4. the expanded type holard according to claim 1 sampling apparatus in batches, is characterized in that: described batch processing device (3) is made up of organic glass, is shaped as cylindrically, and bottom surface diameter is 200mm; It is the plexi-glass tubular of 4 × 6mm, long 180mm that run-down pipe (12) in batch processing device (3) adopts internal diameter × external diameter specification, radially vertically arranges along batch processing device (3).
5. the expanded type holard according to claim 1 sampling apparatus in batches, is characterized in that: described batch processing device (3) bottom arranges exhausr port (13), and exhausr port (13) is connected with surge flask (4); The run-down pipe (12) of batch processing device (3) is connected with water sample bottle (2).
6. the expanded type holard according to claim 1 sampling apparatus in batches, is characterized in that: described concentrated air discharge cook (6) adopts hard PVC material to make; Comprise cavity, cavity is provided with exhausr port and one group of air intake opening.
CN201420307591.2U 2014-06-11 2014-06-11 Expanded soil water batch sampling device Expired - Lifetime CN203894084U (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105716907A (en) * 2016-03-10 2016-06-29 四川大学 Multipoint synchronous sampling system for water samples in stratified flow channel model test
CN109556924A (en) * 2018-12-28 2019-04-02 河海大学 A kind of acquisition method and device of multi-layer Soil water sample
CN109724841A (en) * 2019-02-11 2019-05-07 河海大学 A kind of device and method of batch timing extraction mixed soil water
CN112129591A (en) * 2020-09-24 2020-12-25 辽宁大学 Soil gas VOCs passive acquisition device and soil gas VOCs acquisition and detection method

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105716907A (en) * 2016-03-10 2016-06-29 四川大学 Multipoint synchronous sampling system for water samples in stratified flow channel model test
CN105716907B (en) * 2016-03-10 2018-10-12 四川大学 Stratified flow water trough model tests the Multipoint synchronous sampling system of water sample
CN109556924A (en) * 2018-12-28 2019-04-02 河海大学 A kind of acquisition method and device of multi-layer Soil water sample
CN109724841A (en) * 2019-02-11 2019-05-07 河海大学 A kind of device and method of batch timing extraction mixed soil water
CN112129591A (en) * 2020-09-24 2020-12-25 辽宁大学 Soil gas VOCs passive acquisition device and soil gas VOCs acquisition and detection method

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