CN203826484U - Biological electric catalytic inverse conversion reactor of microbial fuel cell - Google Patents

Biological electric catalytic inverse conversion reactor of microbial fuel cell Download PDF

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Publication number
CN203826484U
CN203826484U CN201420083469.1U CN201420083469U CN203826484U CN 203826484 U CN203826484 U CN 203826484U CN 201420083469 U CN201420083469 U CN 201420083469U CN 203826484 U CN203826484 U CN 203826484U
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China
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fuel cell
electrode
microbiological fuel
cell biological
biological electro
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CN201420083469.1U
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王黎
林乔
张捷
王捷
胡宁
全玮
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Wuhan University of Science and Engineering WUSE
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Wuhan University of Science and Engineering WUSE
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

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Abstract

The utility model discloses a biological electric catalytic inverse conversion reactor of a microbial fuel cell. The reactor comprises a shell, wherein the upper end of the shell is provided with an air outlet and two connectors, the lower end of the shell is provided with an air inlet, one side of the shell is provided with a water outlet and a water inlet, an electrode is installed in the shell, an anode and a cathode of the electrode are connected with each other through the two connectors, and culture medium mixed liquid fills the shell. The reactor can be used for purifying CO2 in smoke effectively.

Description

A kind of microbiological fuel cell biological electro catalysis reversal reactor
Technical field
The utility model belongs to industrial waste gas to be processed and control technology field, is specifically related to a kind of microbiological fuel cell biological electro catalysis reversal reactor.
Background technology
Along with developing rapidly of the aspects such as economic construction, social development, national defense construction and industrial production, the flue gas that each approach produces sharply increases.Because the discharge capacity of flue gas is large, temperature is higher, carries dust many, and water capacity is large, contains corrosive gas, and contains other pollutants such as heavy metal, and it is very difficult that these features cause flue gas to be processed.And the oil price day by day limiting fluctuation and short supply impel the urgent need that replaces fuel source.Compare with developed countries, China's fume environment protection work still in take the recovery of three wastess(waste gas,waste water and industrial residue) as content, qualified discharge be stage that target, the comprehensive regulation are means.In flue gas, discharge a large amount of CO 2the main cause that causes greenhouse effect, SO 2all pollutions that generation acid rain and NOx cause are the serious problems that we face.For SO 2the control of discharge capacity is at the early-stage, and NOx, volatile organic matter are Ji bioxin, heavy metal and CO 2reduce discharging with control and also do not carry out.
Reduce CO in atmosphere 2in the method for concentration, comparatively concerned have a CO 2trapping, transport and bury the systems technology (CCS) of three links; But the energy consumption that this Technology Need is extra, simultaneously fail safe and also make its Great War be challenged to ecological destruction.The maximum CO studying at present 2the method of reduction mainly contains heat chemistry reduction, electrochemical reduction, biological reducing and photo catalytic reduction etc.Heat chemistry reduction needs HTHP, and also can produce CO in the process of reduction 2.Electrochemical reducing just can obtain good conversion ratio at normal temperatures and pressures, is that current research obtains more method, but the electrode material of electrochemical reduction greater activity and good conversion rate, and consumptive material power consumption is large.Photo catalytic reduction is CO 2the innovative technology that transforms and utilize, utilizes solar energy vitalizing semiconductor catalysis material to produce light induced electron hole, with induced oxidation reduction reaction, by CO 2and H 2o synthesizes hydrocarbon fuel.Although the method environmental protection and energy saving, productive rate is lower, and speed is slower.Microbial method fixation of C O 2in fact some enzyme in microbe a series of catalytic reaction in vivo, but microbe fixation of C O 2have some bottleneck problems, as slow in Growth of Cells speed, density is low, available microorganism resource is limited, and catalytic oxidation process needs reducibility coenzyme to participate in.Enzyme process fixation of C O 2there is the shortcomings such as enzyme class is few, approach is single, transformation efficiency is low.
Microbiological fuel cell (Microbial fuel cell, MFC) be to utilize the electronics producing in microbiological oxidation reduction reaction, by electron transport chain, be delivered on the electrode of fuel cell, thereby generation current is a process that biochemistry can be converted into electric energy.Utilize microbiological fuel cell when processing pollutant, to produce electric energy or to produce needed bio-fuel and chemicals.Under the microorganism electrochemical catalytic environment of MRC, environmental contaminants originally become resource again, by microbe electricity building-up process, form new biochemicals.It is that the catalyst reacting microbial cell as biosynthesis is applied that the microbe electricity of MFC synthesizes.Therefore, microbiologic population can provide electric current or under weak current drives, and promotes and the generation of biological support chemicals or bio-fuel.The example of its redox reaction has: CO 2it is ethanol etc. that acetic acid synthesized, fumaric acid is converted into butanedioic acid and glucose fermentation volume increase glutamic acid and transformation of glycerol.Due in conversion process, MFC has the advantages such as energy transformation ratio is high, fuel is diversified, operating condition is gentle, safety non-pollution, make original environmental contaminants become resource, for country, walking sustainable development path provides huge promotion to be paid close attention to widely simultaneously.But in prior art, not about MFC smoke treatment CO 2report.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of effectively purifying smoke CO for addressing the above problem 2device.
The technical scheme that the utility model adopts is:
A kind of microbiological fuel cell biological electro catalysis reversal reactor, comprise housing, described housing upper end has gas outlet and two connectors, described housing lower end has air inlet, one side of described housing has delivery port and water inlet, in described housing, electrode is installed, the anode of described electrode is connected by described two connectors with negative electrode, is full of culture medium mixed liquor in described housing.
Further, between the anode of described electrode and negative electrode, membrane material is installed.
Preferably, described membrane material is carbon fiber proton exchange membrane.
Preferably, the anode of described electrode and negative electrode are roll type.
Further, the anode of described electrode and negative electrode are nano-tube array porous carbon modified electrode, and described nano-tube array porous carbon modified electrode has bioaffinity.
Further, described culture medium mixed liquor is comprised of bacterial classification mixed liquor and nutrient solution.
Further, described bacterial classification mixed liquor is wherein a kind of of Clostridium bacterium liquid, Enterobacter bacterium liquid and Rhodoferax bacterium liquid.
Preferably, the material of described housing is polymethyl methacrylate or glass.
The utlity model has following advantage:
This reactor utilizes the method for biological electro catalysis, the good nano-tube array porous carbon modified rolling electrode of bioaffinity of selecting plasma carbonizing to process, its Anodic is separated by the carbon fiber proton exchange membrane of modifying reconstruction with negative electrode, and flue gas is fully absorbed by reactor.The microbe being attached on anode is the highly effective hydrogen yield bacterium of this laboratory separation and purification, and it produces H 2as CO 2reducing agent, green non-pollution.System response speed is fast, to CO 2have stronger purification efficiency, experimental provision is simple to operation, and experiment material is cheaply easy to get.While the utility model is carried simple in structure, consumes energy low, and green non-pollution, at degraded flue gas CO 2time by CO 2transform the biosynthesis fuel of high added value, to administering greenhouse effect, have important Research Significance with the channel that taps a new source of energy.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The structural representation of the MFC biological electro catalysis reversal reactor that Fig. 1 provides for the utility model embodiment;
The structural representation of electrode in the MFC biological electro catalysis reversal reactor that Fig. 2 provides for the utility model embodiment.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and embodiments, the utility model is described in more detail.
The present embodiment provides a kind of microbiological fuel cell biological electro catalysis reversal reactor, comprises housing 1, and the material of housing 1 is polymethyl methacrylate, and overall length is 11cm, and internal diameter is 5cm, and external diameter is 5.8cm, and the lid diameter of housing 1 upper end is 7.4cm.Housing 1 upper end has gas outlet 2 and two connectors 3, and housing 1 lower end has air inlet 4, and a side of housing 1 has delivery port 5 and water inlet 6, and the diameter of gas outlet 2, connector 3, air inlet 4, delivery port 5 and water inlet 6 is 5mm.In housing 1, electrode is installed, the anode 6 of electrode is connected by two connectors 3 with negative electrode 7. and in the present embodiment, the quantity of electrode is two.Between the anode 6 of electrode and negative electrode 7, membrane material 8 is installed, membrane material 8, for modifying the carbon fiber proton exchange membrane of rebuilding, makes flue gas CO2 fully be absorbed by reactor.The anode 6 of electrode and negative electrode 7 are roll type, the good nano-tube array porous carbon modified electrode of bioaffinity of the anode 6 of electrode and negative electrode 7 using plasma Carburization Treatment, and described nano-tube array porous carbon modified electrode has bioaffinity.In housing 1, be full of culture medium mixed liquor.Culture medium mixed liquor is comprised of bacterial classification mixed liquor and nutrient solution.Bacterial classification mixed liquor is the bacterial classification mixed liquor of Clostridium, Enterobacter and Rhodoferax.The composition of nutrient solution is: sucrose 20g/L, soyabean protein powder 10g/L, yeast extract 4g/L, (NH 4) 2sO 44g/L, K 2hPO 40.5g/L, FeSO 40.025g/L, MgSO 40.5g/L, MnCl 20.4g/L, CaCl 20.5g/L, Cys 0.5g/L, resazurin 2mg/L, the pH value 6～8 of nutrient solution.
Utilize this reactor can be to flue gas CO 2purify, can also prepare CO 2biosynthesis fuel, its concrete steps are:
Comprise the following steps:
(1) culture medium mixed liquor is linked in the housing of MFC biological electro catalysis reversal reactor, the volume ratio of bacterial classification mixed liquor and nutrient solution is 1: 1, electrode is immersed in culture medium mixed liquor, described electrode motor is applied to the direct current of 0.2V～1V, and keeping temperature is 30 ℃～60 ℃; Produce hydrogen and start, startup stage within every 36 hours, change a subculture buffer solution, within after 6 days every 24 hours, change a subculture buffer solution, pass into high pure nitrogen to keep anaerobic environment changed matrix in housing after;
(2) under producing hydrogen pattern, in MFC biological electro catalysis reversal reactor, pass into flue gas CO 2, flue gas CO 2stop 1～6h, under the electro-catalysis of reactor and the effect of living things catalysis, reduce CO2, complete flue gas CO 2purification.Flue gas CO 2purification after its follow-up work be: separation and purification is carried out in the gas outlet 4 at reactor, enters unstripped gas blending tank, enters compressor after mixing, enters minute flow container and carries out separatory, then enter the active carbon filter removal of impurity when pressure reaches 6MPa.After gas enters membrane separator, transformation is purified.
(3) in MFC biological electro catalysis reversal reactor, take Clostridium, Enterobacter and Rhodoferax as CO 2the generation bacterium of biosynthesis fuel, and resolve the transmission mechanism of the reverse conversion reaction process of described microbiological fuel cell biological electro catalysis reversal reactor flue gas biological electro catalysis material stream, energy flow and biological information, make CO 2biosynthesis fuel generates bacterium and MFC biological electro catalysis reversal reactor is fully coupled, and obtains CO 2biosynthesis fuel.CO 2the principle formula that biosynthesis fuel generates bacterium and the coupling of MFC biological electro catalysis reversal reactor is:
Moorella sp.HUC22-1 2CO 2+6H 2→CH 3CH 2OH+3H 2O
Acetobacterium kivui 6CO+6H 2→2CH 3CH 2OH+2CO 2
Eubacterium limosum 2CO 2+4H 2→CH 3COOH+2H 2O
Acetobacterium woodii 4CO 2+H 2O→CH 3COOH+2CO 2
This reactor utilizes the method for biological electro catalysis, the good nano-tube array porous carbon modified rolling electrode of bioaffinity of selecting plasma carbonizing to process, its Anodic 6 separates by modifying the carbon fiber proton exchange membrane of rebuilding with negative electrode 7, and flue gas is fully absorbed by reactor.The microbe being attached on anode 6 is the highly effective hydrogen yield bacterium of this laboratory separation and purification, and it produces H 2as CO 2reducing agent, green non-pollution.System response speed is fast, to CO 2have stronger purification efficiency, experimental provision is simple to operation, and experiment material is cheaply easy to get.While the utility model is carried simple in structure, consumes energy low, and green non-pollution, at degraded flue gas CO 2time by CO 2transform the biosynthesis fuel of high added value, to administering greenhouse effect, have important Research Significance with the channel that taps a new source of energy.
It should be noted last that, above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to the technical solution of the utility model to be described, although the utility model is had been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can modify or be equal to replacement the technical solution of the utility model, and not departing from the spirit and scope of technical solutions of the utility model, it all should be encompassed in the middle of claim scope of the present utility model.

Claims (8)

1. a microbiological fuel cell biological electro catalysis reversal reactor, it is characterized in that, comprise housing, described housing upper end has gas outlet and two connectors, described housing lower end has air inlet, and a side of described housing has delivery port and water inlet, in described housing, electrode is installed, the anode of described electrode is connected by described two connectors with negative electrode, is full of culture medium mixed liquor in described housing.
2. microbiological fuel cell biological electro catalysis reversal reactor according to claim 1, is characterized in that, between the anode of described electrode and negative electrode, membrane material is installed.
3. according to microbiological fuel cell biological electro catalysis reversal reactor claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described membrane material is carbon fiber proton exchange membrane.
4. microbiological fuel cell biological electro catalysis reversal reactor according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the anode of described electrode and negative electrode are roll type.
5. microbiological fuel cell biological electro catalysis reversal reactor according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, the anode of described electrode and negative electrode are nano-tube array porous carbon modified electrode, and described nano-tube array porous carbon modified electrode has bioaffinity.
6. microbiological fuel cell biological electro catalysis reversal reactor according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described culture medium mixed liquor is comprised of bacterial classification mixed liquor and nutrient solution.
7. microbiological fuel cell biological electro catalysis reversal reactor according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described bacterial classification mixed liquor is wherein a kind of of Clostridium bacterium liquid, Enterobacter bacterium liquid and Rhodoferax bacterium liquid.
8. microbiological fuel cell biological electro catalysis reversal reactor according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the material of described housing is polymethyl methacrylate or glass.
CN201420083469.1U 2014-02-26 2014-02-26 Biological electric catalytic inverse conversion reactor of microbial fuel cell Expired - Fee Related CN203826484U (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104064791A (en) * 2014-02-26 2014-09-24 武汉科技大学 Biological inverted-conversion reactor of microbial fuel cell, purification method of CO2 in gas and preparation method of CO2 biological synthetic fuel
CN107376631A (en) * 2017-06-27 2017-11-24 浙江大学 A kind of microbiological fuel cell spray process removing ultrahigh concentration NOxMethod

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104064791A (en) * 2014-02-26 2014-09-24 武汉科技大学 Biological inverted-conversion reactor of microbial fuel cell, purification method of CO2 in gas and preparation method of CO2 biological synthetic fuel
CN104064791B (en) * 2014-02-26 2017-01-11 武汉科技大学 Bioelectrocatalysis inverted-conversion reactor of microbial fuel cell, purification method of CO2 in gas and preparation method of CO2 biological synthetic fuel
CN107376631A (en) * 2017-06-27 2017-11-24 浙江大学 A kind of microbiological fuel cell spray process removing ultrahigh concentration NOxMethod

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