CN203809220U - Wind driven generator tower - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a wind power generator tower, comprising a tower foundation and a steel tower section above the tower foundation, the lower end surface of the steel tower section is equipped with a steel tower section lower flange, the tower The foundation is a concrete beam-slab foundation, and the top of the concrete beam-slab foundation is provided with a concrete bottom tower, and a steel transition tower is set between the concrete bottom tower and the steel tower; the concrete bottom tower It is connected with the concrete beam-slab foundation through a vertical prestressed anchorage mechanism, and the steel tower section and the steel transition tower section are connected through a fastening mechanism. The utility model can give full play to the advantages of concrete and steel structures, reduce the direct cost of the structure itself, reduce the structure maintenance cost, reduce the road construction cost, improve the structural performance and safety, prolong the service life of the structure, and realize the minimum life-cycle cost.

Description

wind turbine tower

technical field

The utility model relates to a wind power generator tower.

Background technique

Wind energy is a clean energy with a large resource reserve, and it is also one of the new energy types that are currently being developed at home and abroad. my country's wind resources are widely distributed, and there are good wind resources in the northwest, central and eastern coastal areas, so the development prospect of wind power is quite broad. Horizontal axis wind turbines are widely used in my country at this stage. Generally, all-steel towers are used. The foundation is an independent expansion foundation of reinforced concrete. The steel tower is directly connected to the foundation through a pre-embedded foundation ring.

With the increase of the height of the tower, the thickness of the steel plate of the tower tube increases, and the production and manufacture of the steel tower becomes more and more difficult. The limitation of the road transportation size does not allow the diameter of the steel tower tube to increase further. The diameter of the cylinder is limited to less than 4.5 meters, which limits the application of the all-steel tower structure on higher power generators. Secondly, the mechanical properties of the steel tower structure are also insufficient. Its rigidity is small, and the deformation of the tower top under the action of wind is large, and the vibration amplitude is large, which brings great difficulties to maintenance, and the direct cost and operation and maintenance costs are high. Especially in the construction of wind farms in mountainous areas, the transportation of all-steel towers is more difficult and dangerous, and in order to transport all-steel towers with large diameters, long lengths and heavy weights, it is necessary to build special uphill roads, which greatly improves the construction cost, and building roads directly damages the environment. The lack of mechanical properties of the traditional all-steel tower structure, high direct and indirect costs, high risks in the construction process, high maintenance costs, and short service life greatly limit its application in the construction of wind farms in mountainous areas, and it is difficult to It meets the development requirements of wind power generator single installed capacity towards large-scale development. Finally, the widely used traditional foundation ring embedded independent expansion foundation has poor mechanical performance and economical efficiency. The connection between the foundation and the upper steel tower is realized through the embedded foundation flange, which is convenient for standardization and construction is relatively simple. When the power of the fan is small and the cantilever length of the foundation bottom plate is small, this type of foundation is more reasonable. However, its force transmission mechanism is complex. The stiffness and strength of the bottom section of the tower suddenly change on the top surface of the foundation. The stress concentration is obvious, which is easy to cause brittle failure and poor durability. Its vertical bearing capacity is sufficient but its overturning and bending resistance are not good. Moreover, under the action of large eccentric loads, the detachment area between the foundation edge and the foundation often plays a controlling role, especially for high-power fans, the overhang length of this foundation is too large, and the economy becomes poor. It is necessary to develop a new type of wind power tower structure system to reduce direct costs, reduce maintenance costs, reduce road construction costs, and improve structural performance and safety.

The authorized utility model "Prestressed Concrete Steel Structure Composite Wind Power Tower" (authorized announcement number: CN201962693U) proposes a prestressed concrete steel structure composite wind power tower. The high-strength bolts are connected to the lower concrete tower section, and the concrete tower sections, and the concrete tower section and the upper steel tower section are also connected by steel flanges and high-strength bolts. The concrete tower section of this utility model patent adopts prefabricated prestressed concrete components, and there is no through-through prestress in the vertical direction of the tower tube, and only the prefabricated concrete tower section has prestress during prefabrication. This way the prestress is not applied continuously in the concrete section because the bolts cannot transmit the prestress. The concrete tower is easy to crack under the large bending moment of the fan, which has a negative impact on the practicality and durability of the concrete tower.

The authorized utility model "A Concrete-Steel Structure Composite Wind Power Tower" (authorized announcement number: CN202031370U) discloses a concrete-steel structure composite wind power tower, including a base and a tower body, characterized in that: the base is Hollow disk-shaped structure, the upper end of which is pre-embedded with a steel flange; the tower body is a cone-shaped structure, and the tower body is divided into multiple tower sections, the tower section includes a concrete tower section and a steel tower section, and the two tower sections Steel flanges are pre-embedded at the end, and the steel flanges are embedded in the concrete tower section and the part of the base to reinforce the reinforcement; the steel flanges and the corresponding circumferential positions of the tower cavity are evenly arranged with connection holes; the base and the base The connection holes of the tower body and the steel flanges of the adjacent two tower sections are aligned, and the high-strength bolts pass through the connection holes and the two ends are fixed with nuts. The concrete tower section in this utility model is an ordinary reinforced concrete structure, and no prestress is applied to the concrete tower section as a whole. Negative impact. the

The utility model "External Prestressed Steel-Concrete Wind Power Tower" (authorized announcement number: CN202493386U) discloses an external prestressed steel-concrete wind power tower, including a concrete section and a steel structure section, and a transition section connecting the two. The transition section includes a concrete transition section and a steel structure transition section; the tower is connected in sequence according to the concrete section, the transition concrete section, the transition steel structure section, and the steel structure section; and the transition steel structure section and the transition concrete section pass through a double head bolt connection. The transition sections of the wind power towers are connected by stud bolts. The concrete section and the concrete transition section in the utility model are all prefabricated and hoisted and installed on site.

The authorized utility model "Internal Prestressed Steel-Concrete Wind Power Tower" (authorized announcement number: CN202500731U) discloses an internal prestressed steel-concrete wind power tower, including a concrete section and a steel structure section, and a transition section connecting the two. The transition section includes a transition concrete section and a steel structure transition section; it is connected in sequence according to the concrete section, transition concrete section, transition steel structure section, and steel structure section; the transition steel structure section and the transition concrete section are connected by stud bolts At the same time, it is also connected by steel strands, and the steel strands are connected to the transitional steel structure section, and run through the transitional concrete section and the steel strand buried pipe arranged inside the concrete section and are tensioned and fixed inside the tower foundation. The transition sections of the wind power towers are connected by steel strands and stud bolts. The concrete section and the concrete transition section in the utility model are all prefabricated and hoisted and installed on site.

The above authorized utility models "External Prestressed Steel-Concrete Wind Power Tower" (Authorization No.: CN202493386U) and "Inner Prestressed Steel-Concrete Wind Power Tower" (Authorization No.: CN202500731U) did not consider the basic structure type and prestress Difficulties in the process of application. How prestressed steel strands are anchored into cast-in-place reinforced concrete foundations. Since the concrete tower section is prefabricated, the prestressed tendons must be inserted into the concrete foundation through the prestressed tunnel after the concrete tower section is installed in place, and the foundation has been cast in place. How to combine the prestressed tunnel in the foundation with the prestressed tunnel in the precast concrete The alignment of stress channels is difficult to guarantee in construction. The traditional foundation structure type must be improved for the prestressing of the concrete tower.

The authorized utility model patent "Basic Compression Beam-Slab Wind Power Tower Foundation" (authorized announcement number: CN 202152463 U) relates to a foundation structure of foundation pressure-bearing beam-slab wind power tower. The concrete cushion of the utility model is in the shape of a circular ring, with a backing plate embedded in the circular ring, a concrete base plate is provided on the cushion, a circular concrete column pier is provided in the middle of the base plate, and edge beams are provided near the edge. The column pier and the edge girder are connected by a cantilever beam to form a rice-shaped structure, and two adjacent edge girders are connected together by a cantilever beam to form a ring; one end of the anchor bolt in the column pier is connected to the lower anchor plate of the foundation, and the other end is connected to the Tower connection. The utility model reduces the engineering quantity of foundation concrete for the rice-shaped beam. The pressure-bearing area of the foundation and the foundation is reduced, and the compressive stress of the annular cushion is increased, which resists the pulling force of the bottom surface of the foundation caused by the bending moment of the upper structure, thereby reducing the bottom area of the foundation. The connection between the wind power tower and the foundation is changed from the foundation ring type to the prestressed anchor bolt type. The rigid connection between the tower and the foundation is guaranteed, and the steel consumption is reduced. This utility model is an improvement on the traditional foundation ring embedded independent expansion foundation, which is used in conjunction with an all-steel tower. The top surface of the foundation is directly connected to the upper steel tower, but no prestress is introduced into the tower.

The authorized utility model patent "Pile Foundation of Wind Power Tower with Well-capped Platform" (authorized announcement number: CN 201358468 Y) relates to a pile foundation of wind-power generation tower with well-capped platform. It is composed of piles, cap floor, cantilever beam, edge beam, anchor bolt, small cap, concrete cushion and concrete foundation center tube. There are 8 cantilever beams, all protruding from the concrete foundation center tube, forming a well shape. The center tube of the foundation is located in the center of the well-shaped shape, and the outer ends of each cantilever beam are equipped with small caps, and the small caps at the outer ends of the parallel cantilever beams are connected by edge beams; the piles extend into the caps to a certain depth, and the small caps, The cantilever beam and the concrete foundation central cylinder are fixed above the cap bottom plate, and the concrete cushion is below the cap platform bottom plate. Anchor bolts are evenly buried in the wall of the concrete foundation central cylinder. Each anchor bolt forms an anchor bolt group, and the top of the anchor bolt group An anchor bolt top plate is provided, below the anchor bolt top plate is an adjusting nut, and the top surface of the anchor bolt top plate is flush with the top of the cylinder wall of the concrete foundation central cylinder. The anti-bending efficiency of this type of pile foundation can be improved, thereby reducing the amount of cap concrete. This utility model is also aimed at the all-steel tower, and the anchor bolt prestress is not introduced into the tower.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is to solve the problem of insufficient mechanical properties of the traditional all-steel tower tube and independent expansion foundation structure system, high direct and indirect costs of construction, high risks in the construction process, high maintenance costs, and higher maintenance costs than concrete structures. Short service life, the structure is difficult to meet the development requirements of large-scale wind turbine installed capacity, etc., provide a wind turbine tower, give full play to the advantages of concrete and steel structure, reduce the direct cost of the structure itself, reduce the structure maintenance cost, Reduce road construction costs, improve structural performance and safety, extend the service life of structures, and minimize life-cycle costs.

The technical solution of the present utility model is, a wind power generator tower, including a tower foundation and a steel tower section above the tower foundation, the lower end surface of the steel tower section is equipped with a steel tower section lower flange, The tower foundation is a concrete beam-slab foundation, and the top of the concrete beam-slab foundation is provided with a concrete bottom section tower tube, and a steel transition tower section is set between the concrete bottom section tower tube and the steel tower section; the concrete The bottom tower and the concrete beam-slab foundation are connected by a vertical prestressed anchorage mechanism, while the steel tower section and the steel transition tower section are connected by a fastening mechanism.

The utility model improves the traditional steel foundation ring embedded independent expanded reinforced concrete foundation into a prestressed beam-slab type flexible foundation. This can greatly save the amount of concrete used for the foundation and save the steel embedded foundation ring, and the economic benefits of this move are very obvious. By introducing vertical prestress in the concrete beam-slab foundation, the concrete of the concrete beam-slab foundation is in a state of compression, avoiding concrete cracking, the foundation stress form is clear, and the mechanical properties are better than the traditional steel foundation ring-buried independent expansion foundation . The lower part of the traditional all-steel tower is replaced by a concrete bottom tower. The concrete bottom tower and the prestressed concrete beam-slab foundation are constructed in sections by cast-in-place concrete to form an overall structure. The concrete bottom section tower tube is located at the bottom section of the tower structure system, and the steel tower section is located at the upper section of the tower structure system, and the two are connected by a steel tower section. The steel tower section is placed above the prestressed concrete bottom section of the tower. Through the application of prestress, the concrete beam-slab foundation and the concrete bottom section of the tower are both in a state of compression, so that the concrete structure of the tower is not stretched, and the concrete is not stretched. The purpose of cracking will be generated, and the durability and fatigue resistance of the prestressed concrete foundation and tower can be greatly improved. The upper steel tower section and the upper flange of the steel connecting tower section are connected by high-strength bolts to finally form an integral tower. The upper steel tower section maintains the original design, which can avoid the difficulties of high-altitude concrete construction, and can also give full play to the advantages of prefabricated steel towers.

The concrete beam-slab foundation includes a base plate, a circular ring wall arranged at the center of the top surface of the base plate, side beams arranged longitudinally on the outer edge of the base plate, and a girder connecting the side beams and the ring wall. It passes through the ring wall longitudinally and connects with the bottom plate.

Concrete beam-slab foundations are divided into the following two types: the shape of the bottom slab is a regular polygon, and the girders are tangent to the outer wall of the ring wall; the shape of the bottom slab is circular, and the girders are arranged radially along the bottom slab.

The upper end surface of the steel transition tower section is equipped with a steel transition tower section upper flange, and the lower end surface of the steel transition tower section is equipped with a steel transition tower section lower flange.

The vertical prestressed anchoring mechanism includes a plurality of prestressed tensioning parts uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction, the prestressed tensioning parts pass through the ring wall of the concrete bottom tower and the concrete beam slab foundation in sequence, and the prestressed The top end of the tension member is anchored to the lower flange of the steel transition tower section and the bottom end is anchored to the bottom plate of the concrete beam-slab foundation. The lower flange of the steel transition tower section acts as an anchor plate for the prestressed tension member.

The lower flange of the steel transition tower section is provided with a prestressed hole for the prestressed tensioning parts to pass through the lower flange of the steel transition tower section, and the concrete bottom tower is provided with prestressed tensioning parts The prestressed tunnel in the concrete bottom section of the tower passing through.

The prestressed tension member is one or more of prestressed steel strands, prestressed steel bars or prestressed anchor bolts.

The prestressed concrete bottom section tower is provided with inner and outer two layers of vertical steel bars, circumferential steel bars and horizontal tension bars along the ring; the top of the prestressed concrete bottom section tower is provided with a reinforcement mesh.

The fastening mechanism is a high-strength bolt connecting the lower flange of the steel tower section and the upper flange of the steel transition tower section.

Compared with the traditional all-steel tower and the reinforced concrete independent expansion foundation plus steel embedded foundation ring structure system, the utility model has the beneficial effect that: the wind power generation tower proposed by the utility model fully exerts the prestress The advantages of concrete structure and steel structure, through the measures of applying prestress together with the tower and improving the type of foundation structure, the mechanical performance of the foundation is greatly optimized; the prestressed reinforced concrete structure is used to partially replace the traditional all-steel tower structure, Directly and significantly reduce the cost of the tower and reduce the maintenance cost; because the concrete is poured on site, the transportation workload is greatly reduced, and the difficulty, risk and cost of transportation are reduced at the same time; the requirements for transportation roads are greatly reduced, and the construction of roads is greatly reduced. The additional investment brought about reduces the cost per unit of power generation; as part of the prestressed concrete structure is used to replace the steel tower structure, the rigidity of the structural system is improved, and the displacement of the tower top under the wind load is greatly reduced. Reduce structural vibration; the upper part of the tower structure maintains the original steel tower design, which can speed up the construction progress and avoid the difficulty of concrete high-altitude construction; in addition, this new composite structure system avoids the restrictions on the transportation of large-diameter all-steel towers , which can meet the needs of wind power tower structures with greater power generation. In addition, since the 50-year design service life of the concrete structure is far greater than the 20-year design service life of the existing steel tower, the concrete will not crack after the prestressed concrete tower and foundation structure are used, which can greatly improve the durability of the structural system and anti-fatigue characteristics, the life cycle cost of the structural system is greatly reduced, the service life of the structure is extended, and the rate of return is greatly increased; when the upper steel tower reaches the design service life, the lower prestressed concrete tower section is preserved and continues to be used Only the upper steel tower section can be replaced to continue to generate power generation benefits, and economic losses caused by reconstruction and increased construction period can be avoided; no special maintenance is required during the operation of the prestressed concrete tower structure, and the cost of post-maintenance of the tower becomes lower; The weight of the prestressed concrete tower is larger than that of the steel tower after forming. For the large eccentric structure of the wind turbine tower, it is beneficial to reduce the eccentric load of the foundation and the stability of the foundation against overturning. The utility model has very important significance to the wind power construction of the wind field in mountainous areas.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the tower structure diagram of the utility model embodiment 1;

Fig. 2 is a half-sectional view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the top view of the structure of the concrete beam-slab foundation in Example 1 of the utility model;

Fig. 4 is the front view of the structure connecting the concrete beam-slab foundation and the concrete bottom section tower tube in Embodiment 1 of the utility model;

Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the connection between the steel transition tower section and the concrete bottom section tower in Example 1 of the utility model;

Fig. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of a steel transition section in Example 1 of the utility model;

Fig. 7 is the schematic structural view of the lower flange of the transition tower section in Example 1 of the utility model;

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the steel tower section, the steel transition tower section and the concrete bottom section tower in Example 1 of the utility model;

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the tower structure of Embodiment 2 of the utility model;

Fig. 10 is a half-sectional view of Fig. 9;

Fig. 11 is a top view of the structure of the concrete beam-slab foundation in Example 2 of the utility model;

Fig. 12 is a front view of the structure connecting the concrete beam-slab foundation and the concrete bottom section tower in Example 2 of the present utility model.

Detailed ways

Example 1

As shown in FIG. 1 , a wind power generator tower includes a concrete beam-slab foundation 1 , a concrete bottom section tower tube 2 , a steel transition tower section 3 , and a steel tower section 4 from bottom to top. The concrete beam-slab foundation 1 and the prestressed concrete bottom section tower tube 2 are poured in sections using cast-in-place concrete to form a whole.

As shown in Fig. 2, the concrete bottom section tower tube 2, the steel transition tower section 3, and the steel tower section 4 are all in the shape of hollow cylinders.

As shown in Figure 3, the concrete beam-slab foundation includes a base plate 18, a circular ring wall 8 arranged at the center of the top surface of the base plate 18, a side beam 17 arranged longitudinally on the outer edge of the base plate, and a girder connecting the side beam 17 and the ring wall 8 16. The central axis of the ring wall 8 coincides with the vertical center line of the concrete bottom section tower 2; the shape of the bottom plate 18 is a regular octagon, and the girder 16 is tangent to the outer wall of the ring wall 8.

As shown in Figure 6, the upper end surface of the steel transition tower section 3 is equipped with a steel transition tower section upper flange 12, and the lower end surface of the steel transition tower section 3 is installed with a steel transition tower section lower flange 10, as shown in the figure As shown in 8, the lower flange 11 of the steel tower section and the upper flange 12 of the steel transition tower section are connected by bolts 13, and the lower flange 10 of the steel transition tower section is provided with a steel transition for installing the bolt 13. The threaded hole 25 of the lower flange of the tower section. The lower flange 10 of the steel transition tower section is provided with a grouting hole 26 for concrete pouring and vibration at the top of the tower.

As shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, there are inner and outer two-layer prestressed tension parts 5 passing through the concrete bottom section tower tube 2 and the ring wall 8 of the concrete beam slab foundation in sequence, and the top surface of the ring wall 8 is the foundation roof 28 , and the top end of the prestressed tension member 5 is anchored to the lower flange 10 of the steel transition tower section through the anchor 9 and the bottom end is anchored to the bottom plate 18 of the concrete beam-slab foundation through the anchor 27 . The prestress is stretched by the post-tensioning method, and the grouting treatment is carried out in the prestress tunnel 19 of the concrete bottom section of the tower after the tension is completed.

The prestressed concrete bottom section tower tube 2 is provided with inner and outer two layers of vertical steel bars 20, circumferential steel bars 21 and horizontal tension bars 22 along the ring; The lower surface of the lower flange 10 of the transition tower section is welded with an anchoring steel bar 24.

As shown in Figure 7, the steel transition tower section lower flange 10 is provided with the steel transition tower section lower flange prestressing hole 25 for the prestressed tension member 5 to pass through, and the concrete bottom section tower tube 2 is provided with The concrete bottom section tower tube prestressed tunnel 19 for the prestressed tension member 5 to pass through.

The prestressed tension member 5 is a prestressed steel strand.

Example 2

As shown in Fig. 9 and Fig. 10, a wind power generator tower includes a concrete beam-slab foundation 1, a concrete bottom tower section 2, a steel transition tower section 3, and a steel tower section 4 from bottom to top. The concrete beam-slab foundation 1 and the prestressed concrete bottom section tower tube 2 are poured in sections using cast-in-place concrete to form a whole.

As shown in Figures 11 and 12, the concrete beam-slab foundation includes a base plate 18, a circular ring wall 8 located at the center of the top surface of the base plate 18, a longitudinally arranged edge beam 17 on the outer edge of the base plate, and connecting edge beams 17 and the ring wall. The girder 16 of 8; the central axis of the ring wall 8 coincides with the vertical centerline of the concrete bottom section tower tube 2; the shape of the bottom plate 18 is circular, and the girder 16 is radially arranged along the bottom plate 18.

All the other structures are consistent with those of Example 1. the

Claims (10)

1. A wind power generator tower, comprising a tower foundation and a steel tower section (4) above the tower foundation, the lower end surface of the steel tower section (4) is equipped with a steel tower section lower flange ( 11), characterized in that the tower foundation is a concrete beam-slab foundation (1), the top of the concrete beam-slab foundation (1) is provided with a concrete bottom section tower (2), and the concrete bottom section tower (2) 2) There is a steel transition tower section (3) between the steel tower section (4); the concrete bottom section tower tube (2) is connected to the concrete beam-slab foundation (1) through a vertical prestressed anchorage mechanism, The steel tower section (4) is connected with the steel transition tower section (3) through a fastening mechanism. 2. The wind power generator tower according to claim 1, characterized in that, the concrete beam-slab foundation comprises a bottom plate (18), a circular ring wall (8) arranged at the center of the top surface of the bottom plate (18), a bottom plate The side beam (17) arranged longitudinally on the outer edge, the girder (16) connecting the side beam (17) and the ring wall (8), the vertical prestressed anchor mechanism passes through the ring wall (8) longitudinally and connects with the bottom plate (18) CONNECTIONS. 3. The wind power generator tower according to claim 2, characterized in that, the shape of the bottom plate (18) is a regular polygon; and the girder (16) is tangent to the outer wall of the ring wall (8). 4. The wind power generator tower according to claim 2, characterized in that, the shape of the bottom plate (18) is circular; and the girders (16) are radially arranged along the bottom plate (18). 5. The wind power generator tower according to claim 2, characterized in that, the upper end surface of the steel transition tower section (3) is equipped with a steel transition tower section upper flange (12), and the steel transition tower section (3) The lower end face of the steel transition tower section is installed with a lower flange (10). 6. The wind power generator tower according to claim 5, characterized in that, the vertical prestressed anchoring mechanism includes a plurality of prestressed tension members (5) uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction, and the prestressed tension members (5) Pass through the concrete bottom section tower tube (2) and the ring wall (8) of the concrete beam-slab foundation in sequence, and the top of the prestressed tension member (5) is anchored to the lower flange of the steel transition tower section ( 10) and the bottom end is anchored on the bottom plate (18) of the concrete beam slab foundation. 7. The wind power generator tower according to claim 6, characterized in that the lower flange (10) of the steel transition tower section is provided with a steel transition tower for the prestressed tension member (5) to pass through The prestressed hole (25) of the lower flange plate, and the concrete bottom tower tube (2) is provided with a concrete bottom tower tube prestressed tunnel (19) for the prestressed tension member (5) to pass through. 8. The wind power generator tower according to claim 6, characterized in that, the prestressed tension member (5) is one or more of prestressed steel strands, prestressed steel bars or prestressed anchor bolts . 9. The wind power generator tower according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, the prestressed concrete bottom section tower (2) is provided with two layers of inner and outer vertical steel bars (20) and ring steel bars ( 21) and horizontal tension bars (22); the top of the prestressed concrete bottom section tower (2) is provided with a reinforcement mesh (23). 10. The wind power generator tower according to claim 5, characterized in that, the fastening mechanism is for connecting the lower flange (11) of the steel tower section and the upper flange (12) of the steel transition tower section Bolt (13).