CN203800597U - Power capacitor control device capable of continuously adjusting capacity - Google Patents
Power capacitor control device capable of continuously adjusting capacity Download PDFInfo
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- CN203800597U CN203800597U CN201320848552.9U CN201320848552U CN203800597U CN 203800597 U CN203800597 U CN 203800597U CN 201320848552 U CN201320848552 U CN 201320848552U CN 203800597 U CN203800597 U CN 203800597U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a power capacitor control device capable of continuously adjusting the capacity. The device comprises a processing apparatus which is connected with a three-phase zero-passage monitoring module and a three-phase bus current and voltage detection module. The processing module is connected with a capacitor group through a three-phase power control module. A conventional technology of reactive compensation control employs a capacitor group with the fixed capacity and an electric reactor group with the fixed capacity. Through the sampling of the reactive power of a power bus system and the switching of the capacitor group or the electric reactor group, the device achieves the grading adjustment of reactive power, improves the power factor, and stabilizes the voltage of a system. Because the capacity of the capacitor and the capacity of the electric reactor are both fixed, the zero-clearance continuous adjustment of the reactive power cannot be achieved and the mode of adjustment is discrete, thereby enabling a power supply bus to be in a state of under-compensation or overcompensation, and overvoltage or under-voltage in most of time and not to be achieve the effect of ideal compensation.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to the continuously adjustable power capacitor control device of a kind of capacity.
Background technology
Conventional power capacitor reactive compensation control technology has at present:
1, mechanical switched capacitor (MSC)
Adopt mechanical chopper, contactor as fling-cut switch.When combined floodgate, the initial voltage of capacitor is zero, closing of contact moment, busbar voltage is non-vanishing in most cases, sometimes may be in peak value, thereby produce very large electric current, namely inrush phenomenon, experiment shows can to reach when inrush phenomenon is serious 50 times of capacitor rated current, this not only affects the useful life of capacitor and contactor, and electrical network is impacted, adopted afterwards serial connection current limiting reactor and added current-limiting resistance to suppress to shove, but shoving in 20 times of rated current to control only; When separating brake, easily produce arcing phenomenon.Switching action cannot complete at short notice, can cause spread of voltage in short-term, affects the normal work of other equipment.Therefore,, but from long-time running situation, its failure rate is still very high, and maintenance cost is higher.
Advantage: price is low, initial stage input cost is few, leakage current.
Shortcoming: shove large, the life-span is short, and fault is many, and maintenance cost is high.
2, thyristor switchable capacitor (TSC)
Thyristor switchable capacitor is to have utilized the fast feature of electronic switch reaction speed.Adopt zero-cross triggering circuit, detect in the time being applied to the voltage at thyristor two ends and being zero, send triggering signal, thyristor conducting, now condenser voltage equates with busbar voltage, therefore can not produce inrush phenomenon, has solved the problem of mechanical switch inrush phenomenon.But thyristor conducting run duration can produce the pressure drop of 1V left and right, thereby consumes a part of power, produce heat, machine in-cabinet temperature is raise.Meanwhile, thyristor has leakage current to exist, even not conducting of thyristor, its output is also high voltage.And due to the operating characteristic of thyristor, can produce larger harmonic wave.
Advantage: volume is little, lightweight, no-flashy-flow, contactless, long service life, maintenance is few, and switching speed is fast.
Shortcoming: price is high, heating is serious, has power loss, has leakage current.
3, device with Capacitor Switched by Compound Switch (TSC+MSC)
Device with Capacitor Switched by Compound Switch principle is first to be dropped into capacitor when the busbar voltage zero passage by thyristor, and then the closed contact that is connected in parallel on the magnetic latching relay on thyristor, thyristor is out of service, connecting capacitor by magnetic latching relay moves, realize input no-flashy-flow, the athermic object of operation idle.Magnetic latching relay is originally experienced and is limited mechanical endurance, and is easily stuck and is failure to actuate, and thyristor is easily breakdown, therefore works stable not.
Advantage: no-flashy-flow, low in energy consumption.
Shortcoming: price is high, the life-span is short, easily fault.
Above three kinds of power capacitor reactive compensation control modes all belong to discrete type regulative mode, and control capacittance has differential.For example, the condenser capacity of control appliance control is 10KVar, and in the time that bus reactive requirement is 5KVar, if drop into this group capacitor, bus is mended 5KVar without merits and demerits, and if do not dropped into, bus is idle owes to mend 5KVar.
Therefore on bus, benefit state is mended or owed to reactive power often in crossing, and can not obtain desirable control effect.And the throw in-of oscillation that the frequent switching of capacitor is caused and inrush phenomenon can cause serious harm to power supply unit, the power loss producing in the process of frequent switching accounts for certain weight proportion in electric power system loss.。
Utility model content
According to above deficiency of the prior art, the technical problems to be solved in the utility model is: a kind of continuously adjustable power capacitor control technology of capacity that can overcome above-mentioned defect is provided, within the scope of the rated capacity of capacitor, the idle value of control capacitor output random capacity, becomes a variable capacitor by the power capacitor of fixed capacity.When on bus when idle changing, a suitable reactive power value of control capacitor output, obtains desirable reactive power compensation effect.
The continuously adjustable power capacitor control method of capacity provided by the utility model, it is characterized in that, collect zero passage, electric current, the voltage signal of bus by processing unit, then export the connecting and disconnecting of pwm pulse signal control capacitor, the duty by changing pwm pulse waveform recently control capacitor is exported different capacity.
Described pwm pulse signal momentum equates and shape difference.
The frequency of described pwm pulse signal is 20KHZ.
The device of realizing said method, comprises processing unit, processing unit connection three-phase zero passage monitoring modular and three-phase bus electric current, voltage detection module, and processing unit connects capacitor group by three phase power control module.
Described three phase power control module comprises two switch modules that are connected in parallel, and described switch module comprises IGBT switch and the rectifier bridge being connected with IGBT switch, and the output of rectifier bridge connects electric capacity; Identical and the variform pwm pulse signal of two-way momentum of processing unit output is connected with the IGBT switch of two switch modules respectively.
Processing unit is external communication module and display module also.
With the connecting and disconnecting of pwm pulse signal control capacitor, the duty by changing pwm pulse waveform recently control capacitor is exported different capacity.
PWM control principle is the equal and variform burst pulse of momentum while being added in the link with inertia, and its effect is basic identical.Momentum is the area of burst pulse.Here said effect is basic identical, refers to that the output response wave shape of link is basic identical.If the Fourier transform analysis of each output waveform, its low-frequency range is very approaching, only slightly variant at high band.This principle is called area equivalent principle, is the most important theories basis of PWM control technology.Capacity described in the utility model is adjustable continuously to be realized based on this general principle.
The pwm pulse signal of processing unit output, is used for the connecting and disconnecting of control switch module to realize and dropping into and excision capacitor.
Because the reverse withstand voltage of IGBT switch is lower; oppositely withstand voltage in order to reduce; reduce system cost; the utility model has used a rectifier bridge cleverly; after being become to direct current half-wave, interchange controlled by IGBT again; so both can solve the reverse problem of withstand voltage of IGBT, can IGBT and driving thereof, protective circuit become unidirectionally from two-way again, simplify.
Processing unit is obtained after the electric current, voltage analog signal of bus, carry out data processing calculating, obtain every electric parameter on bus, comprise active power, reactive power, apparent power, voltage effective value, current effective value, harmonic current, capacitor operating temperature, every decision-making foundation of controlled capacitor switching and protection decision-making foundation, judge whether to need the condenser capacity numerical value of switched capacitor and switching by switching decision-making, and process in time every protection event at any time;
When Switching Strategy judgement needs capacitor that action occurs, coordinate the zero cross signal detecting, in the time of busbar voltage zero passage, by processing unit output control signal, drive three phase power control module, control controlled capacitor group action, reactive power from appointment to bus that send, realizes reactive power compensation;
In running, if having, busbar voltage overvoltage/undervoltage, condenser current overcurrent, harmonic wave transfinite, the every protection event of temperature beyond limit is while occurring, and processing unit is given an order at once, and capacitor group is excised from bus.
The beneficial effect that the utility model has is: existing the control of reactive power compensating technology adopts fixed capacity capacitor group, Reactor banks, by the sampling to power bus-bar System Reactive Power power, the switching of control capacitor (reactor) group, realizing reactive power classification regulates, improve power factor, systems stabilisation voltage; Because capacitor and reactor capacity are all fixed value, therefore its zero-clearance that can not realize reactive power regulates continuously, regulative mode is discrete, make most time of power supply buses in owing benefit or crossing benefit state, overvoltage or under-voltage condition, can not obtain desirable compensation effect.
The continuously adjustable power capacitor control technology of capacity the utility model proposes effectively realizes shunt capacitor capacity and regulates continuously, can reduce power capacitor grouping and point progression in existing reactive-load compensation equipment, reduces equipment volume, Optimization Compensation effect.
The utility model is owing to adopting the PWM switching frequency of 20KHz, substantially do not have harmonic wave to produce, and there is to a certain extent the function that suppresses bus harmonic wave, condenser capacity adjusting range approaches 0%-100%, has compared to existing technology the clear superiority that volume is little, cost is low, intelligent degree is high, reliability is high.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the utility model frame principle figure;
Fig. 2 is three phase power control module circuit theory diagrams in the utility model;
Fig. 3 is pwm pulse signal oscillogram in the utility model;
Fig. 4 is the local on-line execute schematic diagram that uses of the utility model;
Fig. 5 is the utility model region networking schematic diagram.
In figure: Q1, Q2 switch module
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiment of the present utility model is described further:
Method provided by the utility model is to collect zero passage, electric current, the voltage signal of bus by processing unit, then export the connecting and disconnecting of pwm pulse signal control capacitor, the duty by changing pwm pulse waveform recently control capacitor is exported different capacity.Pwm pulse signal momentum equates and shape difference.The frequency of pwm pulse signal is 20KHZ.
The device of realizing said method as shown in Figure 1 comprises processing unit, and processing unit connects three-phase zero passage monitoring modular and three-phase bus electric current, voltage detection module, collects respectively zero cross signal, voltage signal and the current signal of bus.Zero passage detection module provides busbar voltage zero cross signal, realizes the operating passing zero while controlling switched capacitor; Three-phase bus electric current, voltage detection module are for detection of the electrical quantity such as reactive power, power factor on system busbar, for the switching of capacitor provides decision-making foundation.
Processing unit connects capacitor group, the switching of electric capacity in control capacitor group by three phase power control module.Processing unit is external communication module and display module also.Display module is used for showing human-computer interaction interface; Communication module is for the communication of the interconnected and equipment and control center host computer of equipment room.
Three phase power control module as shown in Figure 2 comprises two switch modules that are connected in parallel, and switch module comprises IGBT switch and the rectifier bridge being connected with IGBT switch, and the output of rectifier bridge connects electric capacity; Identical and the variform pwm pulse signal of two-way momentum of processing unit output is connected with the IGBT switch of two switch modules respectively.
With the connecting and disconnecting of pwm pulse signal control capacitor, the duty by changing pwm pulse waveform recently control capacitor is exported different capacity.
PWM control principle is the equal and variform burst pulse of momentum while being added in the link with inertia, and its effect is basic identical.Momentum is the area of burst pulse.Here said effect is basic identical, refers to that the output response wave shape of link is basic identical.If the Fourier transform analysis of each output waveform, its low-frequency range is very approaching, only slightly variant at high band.This principle is called area equivalent principle, is the most important theories basis of PWM control technology.Capacity described in the utility model is adjustable continuously to be realized based on this general principle.The pwm pulse signal of processing unit output, is used for the connecting and disconnecting of control switch module to realize and dropping into and excision capacitor.
Because the reverse withstand voltage of IGBT switch is lower; oppositely withstand voltage in order to reduce; reduce system cost; the utility model has used a rectifier bridge cleverly; after being become to direct current half-wave, interchange controlled by IGBT again; so both can solve the reverse problem of withstand voltage of IGBT, can IGBT and driving thereof, protective circuit become unidirectionally from two-way again, simplify.
The impulse waveform of the pwm pulse signal of processing unit output is complementary, i.e. switch module Q2 cut-off when switch module Q1 conducting, Q2 conducting when Q1 cut-off.
The width of the PWM1 shown in Fig. 3 and PWM2 impulse waveform is respectively Δ t1 and Δ t2, and Δ t1+ Δ t2=Δ t.Δ t is the pulse period, is fixed value.The duty ratio K=Δ t1/ Δ t of control impuls PWM.Just can regulate by changing duty ratio K the size that drops into condenser capacity.
According to the area equivalent principle of PWM control technology, in the time that Δ t is very little, the capacitor C1 dropping within the Δ t1 time is identical to the action effect of whole circuit with the equivalent capacity C dropping in the Δ t time to the action effect of circuit with the capacitor C2 dropping within the Δ t2 time.Be the size that capable of regulating drops into circuit equivalent electric capacity by the size (regulating pwm pulse width) that changes duty ratio K.
In the course of the work; processing unit is obtained analog signals from three-phase bus electric current and voltage detection module; carry out data processing calculating; obtain every electric parameter on bus; comprise active power, reactive power, apparent power, voltage effective value, current effective value, harmonic current, capacitor operating temperature etc.; every decision-making foundation of controlled capacitor switching and protection decision-making foundation; judge whether to need the condenser capacity numerical value of switched capacitor and switching by switching decision-making, and process in time every protection event at any time.
When Switching Strategy judgement needs capacitor that action occurs, coordinate the three-phase zero cross signal of three-phase zero passage detection module output, in the time of busbar voltage zero passage, by processing unit output control signal, drive three phase power control module, control controlled capacitor group action, send the reactive power of appointment to bus, realize reactive power compensation.In running, when every protection events such as busbar voltage overvoltage/undervoltage, condenser current overcurrent, harmonic wave transfinite if having, temperature beyond limit occur, processing unit is given an order at once, and capacitor group is excised from bus, protects in time electrical network and device to be without prejudice.
Display module moves human-computer interaction function is provided for system, for every operational factor of display system, bus electric parameter, running status, control interface etc.
Communication module is that the online networking of equipment provides support, and communication mode provides RS485, CAN, GPRS etc., and wherein RS485, CAN support that this locality is online, carry out on-line execute by local multiple compensation arrangements, improve compensation effect.The networking of GPRS network enabled, controls network by one of compensation arrangement composition in zones of different, carries out Data Integration by the background system that is arranged on control centre, controls each regional compensation device action, realizes the Comprehensive Reactive Power Compensation in transmission of electricity, the large region of distribution.
1, local on-line execute mode
Local on-line execute schematic diagram as shown in Figure 4.In figure, module is the reactive power compensator of the technology that above-mentioned use the utility model proposes.
Consider that applied environment is huge to compensation capacity requirement difference, adopt modularized design, taking 30KVAR as a compensating module, each module is interconnected by CAN communication bus, coordinates the reactive power compensation output of each module, and the total capacity that can form is in theory unrestricted.
A module of structure composition of the present utility model, each module has independently monitoring, control circuit, adopt the operation of many main frames automatic switching mode, even some like this module failures, the module of other normal operations can be elected a new main control module automatically, control system continues normal operation, automatically malfunctioning module is isolated to compensating network, and system has higher self-healing function.
2, region networking mode
Region networking schematic diagram as shown in Figure 5.In figure, local on-line execute network is network described in above-mentioned networking mode 1.
The local on-line execute network utilisation GPRS communication mode of each zones of different, by the radio data network of mobile operator, be connected to control centre's background system, by every local bus electric parameter real-time Transmission to control centre, by control centre's background system, data are carried out to comprehensive analytical integration, realize the idle flow direction analysis in larger region, then adjustment result is turned back to local on-line execute network, realize reactive compensation capacity adjustment.
By region networking mode, can realize the overall the control of reactive power compensating of metropolitan area transmission of electricity, distribution network, isostatic compensation.
Claims (3)
1. the continuously adjustable power capacitor control device of capacity, it is characterized in that, comprise processing unit, processing unit connection three-phase zero passage monitoring modular and three-phase bus electric current, voltage detection module, processing unit connects capacitor group by three phase power control module.
2. the continuously adjustable power capacitor control device of capacity according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described three phase power control module comprises two switch modules that are connected in parallel, described switch module comprises IGBT switch and the rectifier bridge being connected with IGBT switch, and the output of rectifier bridge connects electric capacity; Identical and the variform pwm pulse signal of two-way momentum of processing unit output is connected with the IGBT switch of two switch modules respectively.
3. the continuously adjustable power capacitor control device of capacity according to claim 1, is characterized in that, processing unit is external communication module and display module also.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201320848552.9U CN203800597U (en) | 2013-12-20 | 2013-12-20 | Power capacitor control device capable of continuously adjusting capacity |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201320848552.9U CN203800597U (en) | 2013-12-20 | 2013-12-20 | Power capacitor control device capable of continuously adjusting capacity |
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| CN203800597U true CN203800597U (en) | 2014-08-27 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111654112A (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2020-09-11 | 新奥数能科技有限公司 | Reactive compensation capacitor early warning method, device and system |
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2013
- 2013-12-20 CN CN201320848552.9U patent/CN203800597U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111654112A (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2020-09-11 | 新奥数能科技有限公司 | Reactive compensation capacitor early warning method, device and system |
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Granted publication date: 20140827 |