CN203799577U - Celestial sphere coordinate system expression instrument - Google Patents

Celestial sphere coordinate system expression instrument Download PDF

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Publication number
CN203799577U
CN203799577U CN201420241257.1U CN201420241257U CN203799577U CN 203799577 U CN203799577 U CN 203799577U CN 201420241257 U CN201420241257 U CN 201420241257U CN 203799577 U CN203799577 U CN 203799577U
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China
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auxiliary
auxiliary circle
model
coordinate system
circle
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN201420241257.1U
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Chinese (zh)
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陈世德
吴育忠
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Abstract

The utility model relates to a celestial sphere coordinate system expression instrument. The celestial sphere coordinate system expression instrument comprises a celestial sphere model, an earth model, a support, a first auxiliary loop, a second auxiliary loop, a third auxiliary loop first half loop, a third auxiliary loop second half loop and a sliding handle, wherein the celestial sphere model is rotatably fixed on the support, an inner wall of the celestial sphere model has two auxiliary loops which are perpendicular to each other, the earth model is fixed on a shaft rod at a center of the celestial sphere model, the sliding handle is used for controlling rotation of the mutually perpendicular auxiliary loops in the celestial sphere model through magnets, an inner diameter of a third auxiliary loop is equal to an outer diameter of the celestial sphere model, and the third auxiliary loop can be fixed on an outer wall of the celestial sphere model according to demands. The celestial sphere coordinate system expression instrument enables learners to do analysis on four celestial sphere coordinate systems, mutual relations among each celestial sphere coordinate system and relations between the celestial sphere coordinate systems and the celestial sphere and can further realize functions expressed by a traditional coordinate system instrument; hand-using and brain-using abilities of the students can be improved through operation on the auxiliary loops, and intelligence of the students is excited.

Description

Celestial coordinate system represents instrument
Technical field
The utility model relates to academic apparatus in a kind of ground, is specifically related to a kind of celestial coordinate system and represents instrument.
Background technology
For the astronomical globe of teaching demonstration or in transparent sky spherical model, earth model is set at present, for the extratellurian celestial body scope of expression of single static; Structure is too complicated, makes cost costliness, cannot popularize; But no matter be that a kind of astronomical globe all cannot be realized the relation of the mutual relationship between various celestial coordinate systems, various celestial coordinate system and various celestial coordinate system and celestial sphere is showed.These problems make to lack sense directly perceived conventionally in the time of the expression of celestial coordinate system, concerning the not strong student of imagination, can not understand mutual relationship between various celestial coordinate systems, various celestial coordinate system and the relation of various celestial coordinate system and celestial sphere at all, teacher in the time of teaching or country increased greatly teaching difficulty during to the universal astronomic knowledge of the common people.Go back at present neither one and can demonstrate the teaching equipment of the relation of mutual relationship between various celestial coordinate systems, various celestial coordinate system and various celestial coordinate system and celestial sphere.
Utility model content
In order to overcome the realistic problem of above-mentioned existence, the utility model provides a kind of celestial sphere coordinate system instrument, for representing mutual relationship between various celestial coordinate systems, various celestial coordinate system and the relation of various celestial coordinate system and celestial sphere, make the people of student or wish understanding astronomic knowledge can be familiar with intuitively mutual relationship between various celestial coordinate systems, various celestial coordinate system and the relation of various celestial coordinate system and celestial sphere.
The utility model adopts following technical solution to realize:
A kind of celestial coordinate system represents instrument, formed by sky spherical model, earth model, support, the first auxiliary circle, the second auxiliary circle, the 3rd auxiliary circle the first half-turn, the 3rd auxiliary circle the second half-turn, sliding handle, it is characterized in that: a day spherical model is rotatably fixed on support, there are orthogonal two auxiliary circles at sky spherical model inwall, earth model is fixed on the axostylus axostyle of celestial sphere model center, and sliding handle is used for controlling the rotation of two orthogonal auxiliary circles in day spherical model by magnet.
Described celestial coordinate system represents instrument, on day spherical model, is painted with celestial equator, ecliptic and each large constellation; On ecliptic, be painted with the twenty-four solar terms; On earth model, be painted with common geographical object.
Described celestial coordinate system represents instrument, and top and the bottom of support are provided with axle sleeve, and two axle sleeve holes are located on the same line, for axostylus axostyle is installed; Earth model is fixed on axostylus axostyle, and keeps concentric with day spherical model; Stand base is arranged on the center of gravity place that celestial coordinate system represents instrument.
Described celestial coordinate system represents instrument, the first auxiliary circle, the second auxiliary circle, the 3rd auxiliary circle the first half-turn, the 3rd auxiliary circle the second half-turn; Wherein the first auxiliary circle, two orthogonal auxiliary circles of the second auxiliary circle are located at a day spherical model inwall, form two orthogonal auxiliary circles in day spherical model, the suitable position of two auxiliary circles is respectively with magnet piece, magnet piece is homopolarity to appear face magnetic pole contrary with sliding handle piece to sphere, so that sliding handle is controlled it; The 3rd auxiliary circle the first half-turn, the 3rd auxiliary circle the second half-turn constitute the 3rd auxiliary circle, the internal diameter of the 3rd auxiliary circle equals the external diameter of day spherical model, the vertical width that magnet piece is outwards given prominence to is less than the space distance between day spherical model and support, the 3rd auxiliary circle can be fixed on to a day spherical model outer wall where necessary.
Described celestial coordinate system represents instrument, and the surface of contact of sliding handle is curved, is provided with two magnet in cambered surface, and two magnet appear face homopolarity contrary to sphere magnetic pole with auxiliary circle.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are: this celestial coordinate system represents that instrument can express mutual relationship between various celestial coordinate systems, various celestial coordinate system and the relation of various celestial coordinate system and celestial sphere very intuitively by the operation of auxiliary circle; In addition the function that traditional astronomical globe can represent be can also realize out, and the part that can see on horizontal circle and the part that cannot see are reflected in more accurately according to the residing moment at that time; And simple in structure, cost is lower, can with school instruction content matching, can increase student's the ability that uses one's hands and brains to auxiliary circle operation by student, excite student's intelligence.
Brief description of the drawings
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the utility model is further illustrated.
Fig. 1 is one-piece construction schematic diagram of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is the first auxiliary circle and axostylus axostyle connecting portion enlarged drawing in the utility model Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the first auxiliary circle and the axostylus axostyle figure that is rotatably connected in the utility model Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the be rotatably connected another kind of view of figure of the first auxiliary circle and axostylus axostyle in the utility model Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is the second auxiliary circle in the utility model Fig. 1, the first auxiliary circle and axostylus axostyle relational structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is the second auxiliary circle structural representation in the utility model Fig. 1.
Fig. 7 is the utility model sliding handle one-piece construction schematic diagram.
Fig. 8 is the side view of sliding handle in the utility model Fig. 7.
Fig. 9 is the 3rd auxiliary circle one-piece construction schematic diagram.
In figure: 1. celestial sphere, 101. constellation, 2. axostylus axostyle, 201. spindle rotation buttons, 3. the first auxiliary circle, 301. axis hole, 302. first magnet pieces, 303. second magnet pieces, 304. the 3rd magnet pieces, 305. the 4th magnet pieces, 4. the second auxiliary circle, 401. the 5th magnet pieces, 402 the 6th magnet pieces, 403. the 7th magnet pieces, 404. the 8th magnet pieces, 405. groove, 5. support, 501. axle sleeve, 502. pedestal, 6. ecliptic, 7. celestial equator, 8. sliding handle, 801. arc-shaped magnet pieces one, 802. arc-shaped magnet pieces two, 803. sliding handle control lever, 901. the 3rd auxiliary circle the first half-turns, 9011. the 9th magnet pieces, 9012. the tenth magnet pieces, 902. the 3rd auxiliary circle the second half-turns, 9021. the 11 magnet pieces, 9022. the 12 magnet pieces, 10. earth model.
Embodiment
As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 7 and Fig. 9, a kind of celestial coordinate system represents instrument, formed by sky spherical model 1, earth model 10, support 5, the first auxiliary circle 3, the second auxiliary circle 4, the 3rd auxiliary circle the first half-turn 901, the 3rd auxiliary circle the second half-turn 902, sliding handle 8, it is characterized in that: a day spherical model 1 is rotatably fixed on support 5, have orthogonal two auxiliary circles at celestial sphere mould 1 type inwall, sliding handle 8 is used for controlling the rotation of interior two the orthogonal auxiliary circles of day spherical model 1 by magnet.On it spherical model 1, be painted with celestial equator 7, ecliptic 6 and each large constellation 101; On ecliptic 6, be painted with the twenty-four solar terms; On earth model 10, be painted with common geographical object.The axle sleeve hole that the top of support 5 and bottom are provided with 501, two axle sleeves 501 of axle sleeve is located on the same line, for axostylus axostyle 2 is installed, after axostylus axostyle 2 installs and the angle of level ground be 66 ° 34 '; Earth model 10 is fixed on axostylus axostyle 2, and keeps concentric with day spherical model 1, and the diameter of earth model 10 is not more than day spherical model 1 diameter, and realizes the rotation of earth model 10 by operation axostylus axostyle ratchet knob 201; Support 5 pedestals 502 are arranged on the center of gravity place that celestial coordinate system represents instrument, represent the weight of instrument for supporting whole celestial coordinate system.
As shown in Figure 1, shown in Figure 5, described celestial coordinate system represents instrument, the first auxiliary circle 3,4 two orthogonal auxiliary circles of the second auxiliary circle are located at day spherical model 1 inwall, form day interior two the orthogonal auxiliary circles of spherical model 1, the suitable position of two auxiliary circles is respectively with magnet piece, and magnet piece is homopolarity to appear face magnetic pole contrary with 8 of sliding handles to sphere.
As shown in Figure 2, the two ends that the first auxiliary circle 3 contacts with axostylus axostyle are respectively equipped with axis hole 301, for by rotating the first auxiliary circle 3 axostylus axostyle 2 that is enclosed within.
As shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 7, the first auxiliary circle 3 is rotating to be enclosed within on axostylus axostyle 2; Be provided with the first magnet piece 302, the second magnet piece 303, the 3rd magnet piece 304, the 4th magnet piece 305 in the appropriate location of the first auxiliary circle 3; Be magnetic north pole at the first auxiliary circle 3 inner side magnet pieces, be south magnetic pole at the first auxiliary circle 3 towards the outside of sky spherical model 1 magnet piece, and the distance between distance, the 3rd magnet piece 304 and the 4th magnet piece 305 between the first magnet piece 302 and the second magnet piece 303 equals the distance between sliding handle 8 arc-shaped magnet pieces 1, arc-shaped magnet piece 2 802, so that sliding handle 8 can effectively be controlled the rotation of the first auxiliary circle 3.
As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, the second auxiliary circle 4 is mutually vertical with the first auxiliary circle 3, and the connecting portion of the second auxiliary circle 4 and the first auxiliary circle 3 is groove 405 structures, and the second auxiliary circle 4 is slidably buckled in the first auxiliary circle 3 inner sides by groove 405; Be provided with the 5th magnet piece 401, the 6th magnet piece 402, the 7th magnet piece 403, the 8th magnet piece 404 from the suitable position of groove 405 at the second auxiliary circle 4; Be magnetic north pole at the second auxiliary circle 4 inner side magnet pieces, be south magnetic pole at the second auxiliary circle 4 towards the outside of sky spherical model 1 magnet piece, and the distance between distance, the 7th magnet piece 403 and the 8th magnet piece 404 between the 5th magnet piece 401 and the 6th magnet piece 402 equals the distance between sliding handle 8 arc-shaped magnet pieces 1, arc-shaped magnet piece 2 802, so that sliding handle 8 can effectively be controlled the rotation of the second auxiliary circle 4.
As shown in Figure 7, Figure 8, sliding handle 8 adopts arc design, the surface of contact at sliding handle 8 segmental arc two ends is curved, and in cambered surface, be provided with respectively arc-shaped magnet piece 1,2 802 liang of magnet pieces of arc-shaped magnet piece, the face that appears of arc-shaped magnet piece 1, arc-shaped magnet piece 2 802 is all magnetic north pole, and contrary to sphere magnetic pole with auxiliary circle, to inhale mutually with the outside magnet piece of the first auxiliary circle 3, the second auxiliary circle 4; In the time that needs use sliding handle 8, only need grasp the sliding handle control lever 803 of sliding handle 8, then the arc-shaped magnet piece 1 of sliding handle 8, arc-shaped magnet piece 2 802 are aimed to the magnet piece of the first auxiliary circle 3 or the second auxiliary circle 4 auxiliary circles, just can be realized the rotation of the first auxiliary circle 3 or the second auxiliary circle 4.
As shown in Figure 9, the 3rd auxiliary circle the first half-turn 901, the 3rd auxiliary circle the second half-turn 902 constitute the 3rd auxiliary circle, and the internal diameter of the 3rd auxiliary circle equals day spherical model 1 external diameter; The 3rd auxiliary circle the first half-turn 901 two ends are provided with the 9th magnet piece 9011, the tenth magnet piece 9012, the 9th magnet piece 9011, the tenth magnet piece 9012 to appear face magnetic pole identical, it is identical that the 11 magnet piece the 9021, the 12 magnet piece 9022 appears face magnetic pole, and it is contrary that the 9th magnet piece 9011, the tenth magnet piece 9012 and the 11 magnet piece the 9021, the 12 magnet piece 9022 appear face magnetic pole; And four outside outstanding vertical width of magnet piece are less than the space distance between day spherical model 1 and support 5; The 3rd auxiliary circle internal diameter combining due to the 3rd auxiliary circle the first half-turn 901, the 3rd auxiliary circle the second half-turn 902 equals day spherical model 1 external diameter, so the 3rd auxiliary circle can be fixed on to a day spherical model outer wall where necessary.
Embodiment 1: represent that by this celestial coordinate system instrument illustrates the horizontal system of coordinates.
First determine horizontal circle, then the 3rd auxiliary circle the first half-turn 901, the 3rd auxiliary circle the second half-turn 902 are fastened on day spherical model, represent horizontal circle with the 3rd auxiliary circle.
Secondly adjust the position relationship between the first auxiliary circle 3, the second auxiliary circle 4 with sliding handle 8, make the first auxiliary circle 3 by south point (S) and north point (N), also must pass through north and south celestial pole and upper point (Q), lower point (Q`), just can represent meridian circle with the first auxiliary circle 3; Make the second auxiliary circle 4 by east point (E) and Western-style pastry (W) simultaneously, just can represent prime vertical with the second auxiliary circle 4; Now the first auxiliary circle 3, the second auxiliary circle 4 and the 3rd auxiliary circle respectively represented meridian circle, prime vertical and horizontal circle be orthogonal three and a decile great circle, taking zenith (Z), nadir (Z`) as boundary, meridian circle is divided into subloop and Wu Quan if desired; Taking zenith (Z), nadir (Z`) as boundary, prime vertical is divided into fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches circle and You Quan.Now just can represent intuitively the relation of the horizontal system of coordinates and the horizontal system of coordinates and celestial sphere.The understanding horizontal system of coordinates that student is more prone to, having broken teaching or science popularization does not have the history of the horizontal system of coordinates in history.
Embodiment 2: represent that with this mark spherical coordinate system instrument illustrates dependent equatorial coordinate system.
First determine horizontal circle, then the 3rd auxiliary circle the first half-turn 901, the 3rd auxiliary circle the second half-turn 902 are fastened on day spherical model, represent horizontal circle with the 3rd auxiliary circle.
Secondly adjust the position relationship between the first auxiliary circle 3, the second auxiliary circle 4 with sliding handle 8, make the first auxiliary circle 3 by south point (S) and north point (N), also must pass through zenith (Z) nadir (Z`) and upper point (Q), lower point (Q`), just can represent meridian circle with the first auxiliary circle 3; Make the second auxiliary circle 4 by east point (E) and Western-style pastry (W) simultaneously, just can represent six hour circles with the second auxiliary circle 4; Now the first auxiliary circle 3, the second auxiliary circle 4 and the 3rd auxiliary circle respectively represented meridian circle, six hour circles and horizontal circle be three great circles of vertical and decile mutually; Taking north pole (P), south pole (P`) as boundary, meridian circle is divided into subloop and Wu Quan where necessary; Taking north pole (P), south pole (P`) as boundary, six hour circles are divided into eastern six hour circles and western six hour circles.Now just can represent intuitively the relation of dependent equatorial coordinate system and dependent equatorial coordinate system and celestial sphere, the understanding dependent equatorial coordinate system that student is more prone to, having broken teaching or science popularization does not have the history of dependent equatorial coordinate system in history.
Embodiment 3: represent that by this celestial coordinate system instrument illustrates second equatorial system of coordinates.
Adjust the position relationship of the first auxiliary circle 3, the second auxiliary circle 4 with sliding handle 8, make the first auxiliary circle 3 by unknown point, simultaneously by the equinoctial colure on ecliptic, just can represent equinoctial colure with the first auxiliary circle 3; Make the second auxiliary circle 4 by unknown point, simultaneously also by the solstices on ecliptic, just can represent colure with the second auxiliary circle 4; And the second auxiliary circle 4 is mutually vertical with the first auxiliary circle 3; Now the first auxiliary circle 3, the second auxiliary circle 4 respectively represented equinoctial colure, colure and celestial equator be three great circles of vertical and decile mutually; Where necessary taking north pole (P), south pole (P`) as boundary, equinoctial colure is divided into circle and enclosing the Autumnal Equinox in the Spring Equinox; If desired taking north pole (P), south pole (P`) as boundary, colure is divided into circle and enclosing Winter Solstice in the Summer Solstice.Now just can represent intuitively the relation of second equatorial system of coordinates and second equatorial system of coordinates and celestial sphere, understanding second equatorial system of coordinates that student is more prone to, having broken teaching or science popularization does not have the history of second equatorial system of coordinates in history.
Embodiment 4: represent that by this celestial coordinate system instrument illustrates ecliptic system of coordinates.
Sliding handle 8 is adjusted the position relationship of the first auxiliary circle 3, the second auxiliary circle 4, makes the first auxiliary circle 3 by the yellow arctic (K), the yellow South Pole (K`), also by equinox, just can represent unknown circle with the first auxiliary circle 3 simultaneously; Make the second auxiliary circle 4 by the yellow arctic (K), the yellow South Pole (K`), also by solstices, just can represent colure with the second auxiliary circle 4 simultaneously; The first auxiliary circle 3, the second auxiliary circle 4 respectively represented unknown circle, colure and ecliptic are three great circles of vertical and decile mutually.Now just can represent intuitively the relation of ecliptic system of coordinates and ecliptic system of coordinates and celestial sphere, the understanding ecliptic system of coordinates that student is more prone to, having broken teaching or science popularization does not have the history of ecliptic system of coordinates in history.
Can allow relation between four coordinate systems of learner analysis by the expression of above coordinate system, allow learner understand the similarities and differences of four coordinate systems.Represent that by known celestial coordinate system of aforesaid operations instrument decapacitation expresses outside above-mentioned four coordinate systems, can also reflect the relation of their mutual relationship, various celestial coordinate system and celestial sphere.In addition the function that traditional astronomical globe can represent be can also realize out, and the part that can see on horizontal circle and the part that cannot see are reflected in more accurately according to the residing moment at that time; And simple in structure, cost is lower, can with school instruction content matching, can increase student's the ability that uses one's hands and brains to auxiliary circle operation by student, excite student's intelligence.
Found by above embodiment, various celestial coordinate systems can seen the performance of the mutual alignment relation that is circle system on day spherical model, that is to say that it is the basis of various celestial coordinate systems that circle system can seen, so this celestial coordinate system represents instrument and utilizes the mutual conversion of a circle system, more completely expresses various celestial coordinate systems.
More than show and described ultimate principle of the present utility model and principal character and utility model advantage.The technician of the industry should understand; the utility model is not restricted to the described embodiments; that in above-described embodiment and instructions, describes just illustrates principle of the present utility model; do not departing under the prerequisite of the utility model spirit and scope; the utility model also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of claimed the utility model.Claimed scope of the present utility model is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.

Claims (5)

1. a celestial coordinate system represents instrument, formed by sky spherical model, earth model, support, the first auxiliary circle, the second auxiliary circle, the 3rd auxiliary circle the first half-turn, the 3rd auxiliary circle the second half-turn, sliding handle, it is characterized in that: a day spherical model is rotatably fixed on support, there are orthogonal two auxiliary circles at sky spherical model inwall, earth model is fixed on the axostylus axostyle of celestial sphere model center, and sliding handle is used for controlling the rotation of two orthogonal auxiliary circles in day spherical model by magnet.
2. celestial coordinate system according to claim 1 represents instrument, it is characterized in that: on day spherical model, be painted with celestial equator, ecliptic and each large constellation; On ecliptic, be painted with the twenty-four solar terms; On earth model, be painted with common geographical object.
3. celestial coordinate system according to claim 1 represents instrument, it is characterized in that: top and the bottom of support are provided with axle sleeve, and two axle sleeve holes are located on the same line, for axostylus axostyle is installed; Earth model is fixed on axostylus axostyle, and keeps concentric with day spherical model; Stand base is arranged on the center of gravity place that celestial coordinate system represents instrument.
4. celestial coordinate system according to claim 1 represents instrument, it is characterized in that: the first auxiliary circle, the second auxiliary circle, the 3rd auxiliary circle the first half-turn, the 3rd auxiliary circle the second half-turn; Wherein the first auxiliary circle, two orthogonal auxiliary circles of the second auxiliary circle are located at a day spherical model inwall, form two orthogonal auxiliary circles in day spherical model, the suitable position of two auxiliary circles is respectively with magnet piece, and magnet piece is homopolarity to appear face magnetic pole contrary with sliding handle piece to sphere; The 3rd auxiliary circle the first half-turn, the 3rd auxiliary circle the second half-turn constitute the 3rd auxiliary circle, the 3rd auxiliary circle can be fixed on to a day spherical model outer wall where necessary.
5. celestial coordinate system according to claim 1 represents instrument, it is characterized in that: the surface of contact of sliding handle is curved, is provided with two magnet in cambered surface, and two magnet appear face homopolarity contrary to sphere magnetic pole with auxiliary circle.
CN201420241257.1U 2014-05-13 2014-05-13 Celestial sphere coordinate system expression instrument Expired - Fee Related CN203799577U (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201420241257.1U CN203799577U (en) 2014-05-13 2014-05-13 Celestial sphere coordinate system expression instrument

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103943024A (en) * 2014-05-13 2014-07-23 吴育忠 Representation instrument of celestial coordinate systems

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103943024A (en) * 2014-05-13 2014-07-23 吴育忠 Representation instrument of celestial coordinate systems
CN103943024B (en) * 2014-05-13 2017-12-08 吴育忠 Celestial coordinate system represents instrument

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CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee

Granted publication date: 20140827

Termination date: 20150513

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