CN203775100U - Motor drive control circuit of electric automobile - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a motor drive control circuit of an electric automobile. The motor drive control circuit comprises a permanent magnet synchronous motor, a digital signal processor (DSP) chip, a stator current sampling circuit, a phase loss detection circuit, a photoelectric coding circuit, a power switch tube and motor overheating detection circuit, an overvoltage and undervoltage detection circuit, an over-current detection circuit, a power switch tube driving circuit, a control area network (CAN) transceiver, a storage battery group and a three-phase inverter circuit, wherein the DSP chip is connected with the stator current sampling circuit, the phase loss detection circuit, the photoelectric coding circuit, the power switch tube and motor overheating detection circuit, the overvoltage and undervoltage detection circuit, the over-current detection circuit, the power switch tube driving circuit and the CAN transceiver. The beneficial effects of the motor drive control circuit provided by the utility model are that a TMS320F2407DSP control unit is adopted to replace a control unit which mainly adopts analog electronic components, and complete digitization, high respond speed, stable performance and low power dissipation are realized.

Description

Motor in electric automobile Drive and Control Circuit

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of Drive and Control Circuit, and more specifically, it relates to a kind of motor in electric automobile Drive and Control Circuit.

Background technology

Electric automobile is that machine is calculated to new and high technology in mechanical, electrical son and chemical each ambit in one, is the integrated product of newest fruits in the engineerings such as automobile, computer, Electric Traction, new material, new forms of energy, power electronic, control automatically, chemical power source.Motor driving controling circuit is the most important core technology of electric automobile, is the guarantee that improves vehicle dynamic quality, continual mileage and reliability.Its output characteristic has determined the dynamic characteristics of electric automobile, and meanwhile, its efficiency is also very large on the impact of electric automobile efficiency.At present, under the background not making a breakthrough at battery technology, motor driving controling circuit becomes the main focus of electric vehicle engineering research, is the key point that improves driveability, continual mileage, the convenience of travelling and the reliability of electric automobile.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is to overcome deficiency of the prior art, and a kind of fast response time is provided, and control performance is good, motor in electric automobile Drive and Control Circuit low in energy consumption.

This motor in electric automobile Drive and Control Circuit, comprise permagnetic synchronous motor, dsp chip, stator current sample circuit, open-phase detection circuit, photoelectric coding circuit, power open the light pipe and motor overheating testing circuit, cross Undervoltage detection circuit, over-current detection circuit, power switch tube drives circuit, CAN transceiver, batteries and three-phase inverting circuit;

Described dsp chip respectively connecting stator current sampling circuit, open-phase detection circuit, photoelectric coding circuit, power open the light pipe and motor overheating testing circuit, cross Undervoltage detection circuit, over-current detection circuit, power switch tube drives circuit and CAN transceiver;

Described open-phase detection circuit is connected on the three-phase line of permagnetic synchronous motor;

Described stator current sample circuit is connected to the two-phase in the three-phase line of permagnetic synchronous motor;

Described power switch tube drives circuit is connected to three-phase inverting circuit;

Described batteries is connected on the three-phase line of permagnetic synchronous motor through three-phase inverting circuit;

Described Undervoltage detection circuit excessively and over-current detection circuit are connected respectively in batteries.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are: adopt TMS320F2407DSP control unit to replace taking analog electronics as main control unit, realized fully digitalization, and fast response time, stable performance, low in energy consumption.Make to apply in control circuit the advanced algorithm (as optimal control, artificial intelligence, fuzzy control, neuroid etc.) of modern control theory to become possibility.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 motor-drive circuit hardware structure diagram;

The design circuit figure of Fig. 2 circuit applied voltage;

Fig. 3 JTAG emulation interface circuit diagram;

Fig. 4 three-phase voltage type inverter circuit;

The hardware connecting circuit of Fig. 5 IR2103S and IGBT;

Fig. 6 stator current sample circuit;

Fig. 7 rotating speed and rotor-position detect interface circuit;

Fig. 8 overvoltage and Undervoltage detection circuit;

Fig. 9 over-current detection circuit;

Figure 10 open-phase detection circuit;

Figure 11 is IGBT overheating detection circuit;

Figure 12 motor winding overheating detection circuit;

The hardware connecting circuit of Figure 13 CAN transceiver and DSP.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the utility model is described further.Although the utility model is described in connection with preferred embodiment, should know, do not represent that the utility model is limited in described embodiment.On the contrary, the utility model is by alternative, modified model and the equivalent contained in the scope of the present utility model that can be included in attached claims restriction.

This motor in electric automobile Drive and Control Circuit, comprise permagnetic synchronous motor, dsp chip, stator current sample circuit, open-phase detection circuit, photoelectric coding circuit, power open the light pipe and motor overheating testing circuit, cross Undervoltage detection circuit, over-current detection circuit, power switch tube drives circuit, CAN transceiver, batteries and three-phase inverting circuit; Described dsp chip respectively connecting stator current sampling circuit, open-phase detection circuit, photoelectric coding circuit, power open the light pipe and motor overheating testing circuit, cross Undervoltage detection circuit, over-current detection circuit, power switch tube drives circuit and CAN transceiver; Described open-phase detection circuit is connected on the three-phase line of permagnetic synchronous motor; Described stator current sample circuit is connected to the two-phase in the three-phase line of permagnetic synchronous motor; Described power switch tube drives circuit is connected to three-phase inverting circuit; Described batteries is connected on the three-phase line of permagnetic synchronous motor through three-phase inverting circuit; Described Undervoltage detection circuit excessively and over-current detection circuit are connected respectively in batteries.

As shown in Figure 1, the hardware configuration of motor driving controling circuit is mainly made up of parts such as permagnetic synchronous motor, dsp chip, current sampling circuit, motor phase failure testing circuit, failure detector circuit, inverter and drive circuit, motor position and speed detect circuit, CAN expansion interface circuits.

As shown in Figure 2, for realizing the overall performance of DSP control circuit, need to use the components and parts of difference in functionality to be mated collaborative work.Because the supply power voltage of these components and parts is incomplete consistent, cause the circuit required voltage of design to have 4 kinds of 3.3V, 5V, 15V, 15V etc.For guaranteeing that these components and parts normally work, must be corresponding value the storage battery power supply voltage transitions of 48V.The LM2575HVS-3.3 of National Semiconductor, LM2575HVS-5 and LM2575HVS-15DC-DC voltage transition element are selected respectively in the conversion of 3.3V, 5V, 15V voltage, they can directly be converted to the input voltage of 48V corresponding output voltage to circuit elements device power supply, they the input voltage value of high permission be all 63V.

As shown in Figure 3, dsp chip emulation pin and jtag interface connecting circuit.

The driving power translation circuit of this circuit is made up of three-phase bridge type converter, and six power switch pipes of inverter are controlled directly by direct voltage U by DSP _dCbe reverse into the controlled three-phase alternating voltage (U of frequency _a, U _b, U _c).The output of inverter is directly connected with three input terminals of permagnetic synchronous motor, in order to realize the control of its rotating speed and torque.Its structure as shown in Figure 4.

As Fig. 5 has provided A phase IR2103S in three phase inverter bridge and the interface circuit of IGBT (SGLl60N60UFD), in figure, inductance L I (20uH) plays filtering.Because the underpower of dsp chip PWM pin output is to drive IGBT, for guaranteeing that its normal work must arrange IGBT drive circuit.

Be illustrated in figure 6 stator current sample circuit.This circuit is made up of Hall current sensor, buffer circuit, second-order low-pass filter circuit, add circuit and voltage limiter circuit of being made up of 3.3V Zener voltage-stabiliser tube (IN4728A) etc.The voltage signal of the signal of current sensor output enters buffer after potentiometer R6 dividing potential drop in figure be converted to-1.65V～+ 1.65V, pass through again second-order low-pass filter and add circuit, be converted to 0～3.3V voltage, mould/number (A/D) the switched pins ADCIN00 that finally accesses DSP, is converted into digital quantity by analog quantity.

Be illustrated in figure 7 rotating speed and rotor-position and detect interface circuit.For improving circuit anti-interference ability, the output signal of incremental optical-electricity encoder is passed through to high speed photo coupling HCPL-2630, through Schmidt's not gate SN74LSl4N shaping, and then the quadrature coding pulse input pin QEPl and the QEP2 paired pulses amount that enter DSP are counted.

As shown in Figure 8, DC bus-bar voltage signal adopts the Hall voltage transducer LV28-P of Switzerland's lime (LEM) company to detect, and voltage sensor need be converted to former limit input current I by outer meeting resistance R15 by tested voltage _pN.The current signal of voltage sensor output is through potentiometer R _m1after dividing potential drop, input respectively overvoltage comparison circuit and under-voltage comparison circuit.The output of two circuit accesses respectively A/D conversion input pin ADCIN02 and the ADCIN03 of DSP, and in the time that this fault appears in circuit, DSP can identify it like this, is convenient to user malfunction maintenance.When occurring that overvoltage is (higher than 1.2V _dC) and under-voltage (lower than 0.2V _dC) time, the output of two circuit is all low level.

As shown in Figure 9, can change the reference voltage level of comparator UlA action by potentiometer R5 in adjusting figure, regulate the maximum permissible value of inverter circuit total current with this.The output signal of over-current detection circuit is sent into the A/D conversion input pin ADCIN05 of DSP.

Be open-phase detection circuit as shown in figure 10, D1 in figure (IN4733) plays amplitude limit effect, the A/D input pin ADCIN04 of the output signal access DSP of this circuit.Three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor in use, for various reasons, as the reasons such as motor internal phase stator winding opens circuit, electric automobile during traveling vibration, installation and maintenance cause certain to open circuit mutually, and cause three-phase permanent-magnetic synchronous motors phase-deficient operation, and phase-deficient operation is difficult for being found in time.When in phase-deficient operation, if find not in time, just the time, slightly length can motor damage.Therefore motor phase failure testing circuit must be set, to guarantee can take measures in time to stop the operation of motor in the time there is phase-deficient operation, avoid causing burn-down of electric motor accident.

Be power switch pipe overheating detection circuit as shown in figure 11.Six PTC that are mounted on IGBT surface connect, and when normal temperature, total six PTC resistances are less than 600 Ω, as long as there is the temperature of a PTC to exceed 105 DEG C in circuit, its total resistance will be greater than 4K Ω, and circuit is output as low level.The output signal of testing circuit is sent into the A/D conversion input pin ADCIN06 of DSP.Regulate potentiometer R in figure ₁₂can change the reference voltage level of comparator action.

As shown in figure 12, at normal temperatures, total resistance of PTC thermistor is less than 300 Ω to motor; When motor is during because of fault local overheating, as long as while having a PTC thermistor to be heated to exceed 145 DEG C of temperature, total its resistance will be greater than 4K Ω, circuit output will become low level.DSP is introduced the output signal of this circuit to carry out A/D conversion by pin ADCIN07.Regulate potentiometer R in figure ₂₁can change the reference voltage level of comparator action.

As shown in figure 13, circuit adopts the PCA82C250 transceiver of Dutch PHILIP company as the peripheral interface between CAN controller module and the physical bus of DSP, so that the differential sending and receiving ability to bus to be provided.This device is supported CAN2.0B consensus standard, has i.e. high speed, slope control and the standby of three kinds of different working methods, can select according to actual conditions.For improving the antijamming capability of circuit, between transceiver and DSP, increase the buffer circuit being formed by high speed photo coupling isolating device HCPL2630 chip.The hardware connecting circuit of PCA82C250 and DSP as shown in figure 13.

Claims (1)

1. a motor in electric automobile Drive and Control Circuit, is characterized in that: comprise permagnetic synchronous motor, dsp chip, stator current sample circuit, open-phase detection circuit, photoelectric coding circuit, power open the light pipe and motor overheating testing circuit, cross Undervoltage detection circuit, over-current detection circuit, power switch tube drives circuit, CAN transceiver, batteries and three-phase inverting circuit; Described dsp chip respectively connecting stator current sampling circuit, open-phase detection circuit, photoelectric coding circuit, power open the light pipe and motor overheating testing circuit, cross Undervoltage detection circuit, over-current detection circuit, power switch tube drives circuit and CAN transceiver;

Described open-phase detection circuit is connected on the three-phase line of permagnetic synchronous motor;

Described stator current sample circuit is connected to the two-phase in the three-phase line of permagnetic synchronous motor;

Described power switch tube drives circuit is connected to three-phase inverting circuit;

Described batteries is connected on the three-phase line of permagnetic synchronous motor through three-phase inverting circuit;

Described Undervoltage detection circuit excessively and over-current detection circuit are connected respectively in batteries.