CN205693592U - A kind of three-phase brushless motor control system - Google Patents

A kind of three-phase brushless motor control system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN205693592U
CN205693592U CN201620581778.0U CN201620581778U CN205693592U CN 205693592 U CN205693592 U CN 205693592U CN 201620581778 U CN201620581778 U CN 201620581778U CN 205693592 U CN205693592 U CN 205693592U
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phase
circuit
motor
control system
bridge circuit
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韩伟
吴文臣
刘荣鹏
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SHANGHAI YINGHENG ELECTRONIC CO Ltd
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SHANGHAI YINGHENG ELECTRONIC CO Ltd
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Abstract

This utility model provides a kind of three-phase brushless motor control system, described electric machine control system includes: anti-circnit NOT, described anti-circnit NOT includes a NMOS tube, the source electrode of described NMOS tube is connected with positive source, its drain electrode is connected with circuit for controlling motor and three-phase six bridge circuit respectively, and its grid is connected with circuit for controlling motor;Circuit for controlling motor, is connected with anti-circnit NOT, three-phase six bridge circuit and sampling resistor respectively;Three-phase six bridge circuit, is connected with anti-circnit NOT, circuit for controlling motor and sampling resistor;Sampling resistor, is connected with described three-phase six bridge circuit, circuit for controlling motor and power cathode.By utilizing three-phase brushless motor control system described in the utility model, solve in prior art three-phase brushless motor because of installation site sensor and cause that volume is relatively big, cost is high, the problem of fluctuation of service.

Description

A kind of three-phase brushless motor control system
Technical field
This utility model relates to a kind of electric machines control technology, particularly relates to a kind of three-phase brushless motor control system.
Background technology
Motor (Motor) is a kind of equipment converting electrical current into into mechanical energy.Motor is mainly made up of with rotor stator, it It is to use the power on coil (namely stator winding) produce rotating excitation field and act on rotor (as squirrel-cage closes aluminum frame) formation Electro-magnetic motor force rotation torque, by the magnetic field effect to electric current stress, makes electric machine rotation, and electrified wire is movement under force in magnetic field Direction with the sense of current relevant with magnetic induction line (magnetic direction) direction.Due to the series of advantages of motor, i.e. use and control Very convenient, there is self-starting, accelerate, brake, invert, the ability such as pull, various service requirement can be met;And the work of motor Making efficiency higher, do not have again flue dust, abnormal smells from the patient, free from environmental pollution, noise is the least, so in industrial and agricultural production, transportation, state Anti-, business and each side such as household electrical appliance, medical appliance equipment are extensively applied.
Along with application universal of new-energy automobile, and the improvement that orthodox car is intelligent, electronic, original Mechanical water pump, fan and have brush electric water pump, fan significantly can not meet the demand of new development.Three-phase brushless dc motor has Have that simple in construction, operational efficiency be high, good speed adjustment features and the advantage such as control is simple, obtained extensively in automation control area General application.General three-phase brushless dc motor needs rotor-position sensor to provide rotor-position signal, and controller is according to position Confidence control electronic power switch inverter carries out commutation control to three-phase windings, but installation site sensor increases motor Volume and cost, and sensor line is more, belongs to weak electric signal, is easily disturbed by motor forceful electric power, outer signals, reduces electricity Machine reliability of operation.
In consideration of it, be necessary to design a kind of three-phase brushless motor control system in order to solve above-mentioned technical problem.
Utility model content
The shortcoming of prior art in view of the above, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of three-phase brushless motor control System processed, is used for solving in prior art three-phase brushless motor and causes that volume is relatively big, cost is high, runs because of installation site sensor Unstable problem.
For achieving the above object and other relevant purposes, this utility model provides a kind of three-phase brushless motor control system, Described electric machine control system includes:
Anti-circnit NOT, described anti-circnit NOT includes that a NMOS tube, the source electrode of described NMOS tube are connected with positive source, its leakage Pole is connected with circuit for controlling motor and three-phase six bridge circuit respectively, and its grid is connected with circuit for controlling motor, for reverse power connection Protection and offer high power current channel are to drive motor;
Circuit for controlling motor, is connected with anti-circnit NOT, three-phase six bridge circuit and sampling resistor respectively, is used for driving three-phase Six bridge circuits and realize motor cross stream, overvoltage, short circuit, open-circuit-protection;
Three-phase six bridge circuit, is connected with anti-circnit NOT, circuit for controlling motor and sampling resistor, is used for driving motor rotation;
Sampling resistor, is connected with described three-phase six bridge circuit, circuit for controlling motor and power cathode, for described three-phase Six bridge circuits are sampled.
Preferably, described circuit for controlling motor includes microcontroller, respectively with described microcontroller and three-phase six bridge circuit The Magnetic oriented control circuit connected, the rotor-position observation circuit being connected with described microcontroller and motor respectively, with described The analog to digital conversion circuit that microcontroller connects, and the signal amplifier being connected with analog-digital conversion circuit as described.
Preferably, described Magnetic oriented control circuit includes the der Geschwindigkeitkreis PI controller being connected with described microcontroller, even It is connected to described der Geschwindigkeitkreis PI controller and the Field orientable control device being connected with described microcontroller, respectively with described microcontroller The space vector pulse width modulation module that device, Field orientable control device and three-phase six bridge circuit connect.
Preferably, the input of described signal amplifier is connected to the two ends of described sampling resistor, for sampling The signal of electrical resistance collection is amplified.
Preferably, described microcontroller is provided with communication interface, and described communication interface is single serial communication bus or pulse Bandwidth modulation signals, for receiving the control command of host computer, and by the feedback of status of electric machine control system to host computer.
Preferably, described sampling resistor is current sampling resistor.
Preferably, described three-phase six bridge circuit is made up of 6 metal-oxide-semiconductors.
Preferably, described circuit for controlling motor includes sinusoidal wave control mode and trapezoidal wave control mode.
As it has been described above, a kind of three-phase brushless motor control system of the present utility model, have the advantages that
1, three-phase brushless motor control system described in the utility model provides the control program of position-sensor-free, greatly Reduce greatly volume and the cost of motor, improve the stability that motor runs simultaneously.
2, the compatible sinusoidal wave control mode of three-phase brushless motor control system described in the utility model and trapezoidal wave control Mode processed;Under sinusoidal wave control mode, only can obtain electric machine phase current, motor rotor position, rotating speed by sampling resistor Etc. information, it is achieved that single resistance position Sensorless Control scheme;Under trapezoidal wave control mode, by rotor-position monitoring electricity Drive test goes out the zero crossing of each phase back-emf of motor, and microcontroller i.e. can get the position signalling of rotor by calculating, and according to The position of rotor sends corresponding activation bit and drives described three-phase six bridge circuit to control motor rotation.
3, three-phase brushless motor control system described in the utility model is also by power supply and circuit for controlling motor and electricity NMOS anti-circnit NOT is set between source and three-phase six bridge circuit, it is achieved that reverse power connection is protected, and is three-phase six by NMOS tube Bridge circuit provides high power electric current to be used for driving three-phase brushless motor.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is shown as the circuit block diagram of three-phase brushless motor control system described in the utility model.
Fig. 2 is shown as the block diagram of Magnetic oriented control circuit described in the utility model.
Element numbers explanation
1 three-phase brushless motor control system
11 anti-circnit NOTs
12 circuit for controlling motor
121 microcontrollers
122 Magnetic oriented control circuits
1221 der Geschwindigkeitkreis PI controllers
1222 Magnetic oriented controllers
1223 space vector pulse width modulation modules
123 rotor-position observation circuits
124 analog to digital conversion circuits
125 signal amplifiers
13 three-phase six bridge circuits
14 sampling resistors
Detailed description of the invention
Below by way of specific instantiation, embodiment of the present utility model being described, those skilled in the art can be by this theory Content disclosed by bright book understands other advantages of the present utility model and effect easily.This utility model can also be by additionally Different detailed description of the invention is carried out or applies, the every details in this specification can also based on different viewpoints with should With, under without departing from spirit of the present utility model, carry out various modification or change.
Refer to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.It should be clear that structure depicted in this specification institute accompanying drawings, ratio, size etc., the most only in order to Coordinate the content disclosed in description, understand for those skilled in the art and read, being not limited to this utility model Enforceable qualifications, therefore do not have technical essential meaning, the modification of any structure, the change of proportionate relationship or size Adjust, under not affecting effect that this utility model can be generated by and the purpose that can reach, all should still fall at this utility model In the range of disclosed technology contents obtains and can contain.Meanwhile, in this specification cited as " on ", D score, " left ", The term of " right ", " middle " and " one " etc., is merely convenient to understanding of narration, and it is enforceable to be not used to limit this utility model Scope, being altered or modified of its relativeness, changing under technology contents without essence, enforceable when being also considered as this utility model Category.
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, this utility model provides a kind of three-phase brushless motor control system, and described motor controls system System includes:
Anti-circnit NOT, described anti-circnit NOT includes that a NMOS tube, the source electrode of described NMOS tube are connected with positive source, its leakage Pole is connected with circuit for controlling motor and three-phase six bridge circuit respectively, and its grid is connected with circuit for controlling motor, for reverse power connection Protection and offer high power current channel are to drive motor;
Circuit for controlling motor, is connected with anti-circnit NOT, three-phase six bridge circuit and sampling resistor respectively, is used for driving three-phase Six bridge circuits and realize motor cross stream, overvoltage, short circuit, open-circuit-protection;
Three-phase six bridge circuit, is connected with anti-circnit NOT, circuit for controlling motor and sampling resistor, is used for driving motor rotation;
Sampling resistor, is connected with described three-phase six bridge circuit, circuit for controlling motor and power cathode, for described three-phase Six bridge circuits are sampled.
Described circuit for controlling motor includes microcontroller, the magnetic being connected with described microcontroller and three-phase six bridge circuit respectively Field positioning control circuit, the rotor-position observation circuit being connected with described microcontroller and motor respectively, with described microcontroller The analog to digital conversion circuit connected, and the signal amplifier being connected with analog-digital conversion circuit as described.
Described Magnetic oriented control circuit includes the der Geschwindigkeitkreis PI controller being connected with described microcontroller, is connected to described Der Geschwindigkeitkreis PI controller and the Field orientable control device being connected with described microcontroller, fixed with described microcontroller, magnetic field respectively The space vector pulse width modulation module connected to controller and three-phase six bridge circuit.
It should be noted that described microcontroller is provided with communication interface, described communication interface is single serial communication bus Or pulse width modulating signal, for receiving the control command of host computer, and the feedback of status of electric machine control system is given upper Machine.
It should be noted that the input of described signal amplifier is connected to the two ends of described sampling resistor, it is used for The signal of sampling resistor collection is amplified.
It should be noted that described sampling resistor is current sampling resistor.
It should be noted that described three-phase six bridge circuit is to be constituted three half-bridges by 6 metal-oxide-semiconductors, same brachium pontis upper and lower The signal of half-bridge is contrary, and three-phase six bridge circuit passes through with the time chien shih Shang Qiao, the metal-oxide-semiconductor turn-on and turn-off of lower bridge that determine, thus The three-phase alternating current of phase 120 degree is obtained, in order to drive DC brushless motor at outfan.
Refer to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 below the function of three-phase brushless motor control system described in the utility model is said Bright.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, described three-phase brushless motor control system is powered on, when power positive cathode connects inverse time, due to There is parasitic diode in NMOS tube, therefore electric current cannot input described three-phase brushless motor control system;When power supply correctly connects Time, the parasitic diode that electric current first passes around within NMOS tube powers to circuit for controlling motor, circuit for controlling motor obtain electric after defeated Go out high voltage drive NMOS tube to fully open, it is provided that high power current channel is used for driving motor.
After each system electrification, before driving motor work, described circuit for controlling motor can control to close three-phase six bridge All lower bridge, that opens in bridge is biphase, and the voltage of the phase that detection is closed thus judges this phase motor and described three-phase Whether the connection of brushless motor control system disconnects;In like manner, detect the most biphase voltage as stated above, just may be used by three times Judge whether three lines of motor exist disconnection problem.
After described circuit for controlling motor receives, by communication interface, the control instruction that host computer transmits, circuit for controlling motor will The control instruction received is converted into 6 way switch states of three-phase six bridge circuit, controls three-phase six bridge circuit and exports to drive motor Operating.Wherein, described circuit for controlling motor includes sinusoidal wave control mode and trapezoidal wave control mode.
It should be noted that described circuit for controlling motor is by the leakage of each metal-oxide-semiconductor in monitoring three-phase six bridge circuit in real time Voltage difference VDS between pole and source electrode, it may be judged whether have short circuit generation;If i.e. VDS is more than limit value (described limit value is preset value), Then circuit for controlling motor rapidly switches off three-phase six bridge circuit, it is ensured that each MOS and the safety of motor in three-phase six bridge circuit.
It should be noted that described circuit for controlling motor by monitor sampling resistor current value, it is judged that described three-phase without Whether brush motor control system transships;If the electric current monitored is excessive, exceed limit value (described limit value is preset value), then reduce Even turn off the power output of circuit for controlling motor, control electric current less than setting value with this, it is achieved ensure circuit for controlling motor and The safety of motor.
When using sinusoidal wave control mode, described circuit for controlling motor uses Magnetic oriented control circuit to realize motor Drive;After the most described microcontroller receives control instruction, control instruction is sent to der Geschwindigkeitkreis PI controller, described der Geschwindigkeitkreis PI controller compares the difference of current motor rotating speed and the rotary speed instruction obtained from communication interface, provides the electric current needed for motor Value, current-order that described Field orientable control device is given according to described der Geschwindigkeitkreis PI controller and current flow numerical value, calculate Providing the voltage vector value needed for motor, the voltage that Field orientable control device is given by described space vector pulse width modulation module is vowed Amount is converted into 6 way switch states of three-phase six bridge circuit, controls the output of three-phase six bridge circuit, and described sampling resistor gathers three-phase The bus current of six bridge circuits, after signal amplifier amplifies, is converted to digital signal, microcontroller root by analog to digital conversion circuit According on off state and the current value of current three-phase six bridge circuit, reconstruct the three-phase phase current values of motor;Microcontroller passes through The three-phase phase current values of reconstruct, carries out motor magnetic flux estimation, obtains motor-field angle, thus obtain the position angle of rotor Degree, and go out motor speed by the position angle mathematic interpolation in fixed time period.
Below to phase current reconstruction, motor magnetic flux calculating, motor-field angle calculation, motor rotor position angle calculation with And motor tacho illustrates.
According to space vector pulse width modulation principle, the on off state of three-phase six bridge has 8 kinds, wherein every phase Shang Qiao and Xia Qiao State contrary, on three-phase, the on off state of bridge U, V, W is: 000,100,110,010,011,001,101,111;0 represents pass Disconnected, 1 represents conducting;Wherein 000,111 is zero vector state, does not has effective current.The mother collected under other 6 kinds of states Line current is as shown in the table with the corresponding relation of phase current:
Concrete calculation procedure is as follows:
Step one: each pulse width modulation (PWM) in space vector pulse width modulation has 2 kinds of effective switch shapes in the cycle State, can gather, at corresponding state, the phase current that twice acquisition is biphase, and be zero according to three-phase phase current sum, calculates another The phase current of one phase.
Step 2: phase current carries out Clarke (Clark) conversion, and formula is as follows, switches to the electric current in alpha-beta coordinate system Iα、Iβ.Wherein, IUAnd IWFor phase current values.
Iα=Iu
I β = 1 3 * ( I u + 2 I v )
Step 3: according to the electric current I in the alpha-beta coordinate system that step 2 obtainsα、Iβ, according to the following formula at alpha-beta coordinate Motor magnetic linkage Ψ under Xi、Ψ.Wherein Uα、UβFor the voltage under alpha-beta coordinate system, R is motor phase resistance.
ψ=∫ (Uα-R*Iα)dt
ψ=∫ (Uβ-R*Iβ)dt
Step 4: according to the motor magnetic linkage Ψ of step 3、Ψ, rotor flux Ψ according to the following formulaρα、Ψρβ.Its In, L is motor phase inductance.
ψρα-L*Iα=∫ (Uα-R*Iαdt-L*Iα
ψρβ-L*I β=∫ (Uβ-R*Iβdt-L*Iβ
Step 5: according to the rotor flux Ψ of step 4ρα、Ψρβ, rotor angle according to the following formula
Step 6: once, front and back the differential seat angle in two cycles removes rotor angle each pulse width modulation (PWM) computation of Period With periodic quantity, i.e. obtaining motor speed ω, formula is as follows.Wherein, T is pulse width modulation period,For front and back two The rotor angle in cycle is poor.
When using trapezoidal wave control mode, by rotor-position observation circuit, described circuit for controlling motor show that motor is each The zero crossing of phase back-emf, microcontroller i.e. can get the position signalling of rotor, and sends out according to the position of rotor by calculating Going out corresponding activation bit drives described three-phase six bridge circuit to control motor rotation.
When certain phase winding counter electromotive force zero passage of motor, then postpone 30 degree of electrical angles and be this phase and need switching state Position;As long as the zero crossing up and down of three-phase windings counter electromotive force, the counter electromotive force these detected the most again therefore being detected Crossover point signal postpones 30 degree of electrical angles, so that it may knows 6 discrete position signallings of rotor, thus carries for three-phase six bridge circuit For correct commutation information, it is achieved the control to motor.
In sum, a kind of three-phase brushless motor control system of the present utility model, have the advantages that
1, three-phase brushless motor control system described in the utility model provides the control program of position-sensor-free, greatly Reduce greatly volume and the cost of motor, improve the stability that motor runs simultaneously.
2, the compatible sinusoidal wave control mode of three-phase brushless motor control system described in the utility model and trapezoidal wave control Mode processed;Under sinusoidal wave control mode, only can obtain electric machine phase current, motor rotor position, rotating speed by sampling resistor Etc. information, it is achieved that single resistance position Sensorless Control scheme;Under trapezoidal wave control mode, by rotor-position monitoring electricity Drive test goes out the zero crossing of each phase back-emf of motor, and microcontroller i.e. can get the position signalling of rotor by calculating, and according to The position of rotor sends corresponding activation bit and drives described three-phase six bridge circuit to control motor rotation.
3, three-phase brushless motor control system described in the utility model is also by power supply and circuit for controlling motor and electricity NMOS anti-circnit NOT is set between source and three-phase six bridge circuit, it is achieved that reverse power connection is protected, and is three-phase six by NMOS tube Bridge circuit provides high power electric current to be used for driving three-phase brushless motor.
Above-described embodiment only illustrative principle of the present utility model and effect thereof are new not for limiting this practicality Type.Above-described embodiment all can be carried out by any person skilled in the art under spirit and the scope of the present utility model Modify or change.Therefore, art has usually intellectual such as without departing from the essence disclosed in this utility model All equivalences completed under god and technological thought are modified or change, and must be contained by claim of the present utility model.

Claims (8)

1. a three-phase brushless motor control system, it is characterised in that: described electric machine control system includes:
Anti-circnit NOT, described anti-circnit NOT includes that a NMOS tube, the source electrode of described NMOS tube are connected with positive source, its drain electrode point Not being connected with circuit for controlling motor and three-phase six bridge circuit, its grid is connected with circuit for controlling motor, protects for reverse power connection And provide high power current channel to drive motor;
Circuit for controlling motor, is connected with anti-circnit NOT, three-phase six bridge circuit and sampling resistor respectively, is used for driving three-phase six bridge Circuit and realize motor cross stream, overvoltage, short circuit, open-circuit-protection;
Three-phase six bridge circuit, is connected with anti-circnit NOT, circuit for controlling motor and sampling resistor, is used for driving motor rotation;
Sampling resistor, is connected with described three-phase six bridge circuit, circuit for controlling motor and power cathode, for described three-phase six bridge Circuit is sampled.
Three-phase brushless motor control system the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described circuit for controlling motor includes Microcontroller, the Magnetic oriented control circuit being connected with described microcontroller and three-phase six bridge circuit respectively, micro-with described respectively The rotor-position observation circuit that controller and motor connect, the analog to digital conversion circuit being connected with described microcontroller, and with described The signal amplifier that analog to digital conversion circuit connects.
Three-phase brushless motor control system the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described Magnetic oriented control circuit Including the der Geschwindigkeitkreis PI controller being connected with described microcontroller, be connected to described der Geschwindigkeitkreis PI controller and with described microcontroller The Field orientable control device that device connects, is connected with described microcontroller, Field orientable control device and three-phase six bridge circuit respectively Space vector pulse width modulation module.
Three-phase brushless motor control system the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the input of described signal amplifier End is connected to the two ends of described sampling resistor, for being amplified by the signal of sampling resistor collection.
Three-phase brushless motor control system the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described microcontroller is provided with communication Interface, described communication interface is single serial communication bus or pulse width modulating signal, for receiving the control life of host computer Order, and by the feedback of status of electric machine control system to host computer.
Three-phase brushless motor control system the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described sampling resistor is that electric current is adopted Sample resistance.
Three-phase brushless motor control system the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described three-phase six bridge circuit is by 6 Individual metal-oxide-semiconductor forms.
Three-phase brushless motor control system the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described circuit for controlling motor includes Sinusoidal wave control mode and trapezoidal wave control mode.
CN201620581778.0U 2016-06-15 2016-06-15 A kind of three-phase brushless motor control system Active CN205693592U (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108899874A (en) * 2018-06-14 2018-11-27 江苏美的清洁电器股份有限公司 A kind of monitoring circuit, dust catcher and monitoring method
CN109229222A (en) * 2018-09-20 2019-01-18 成都山神轨道交通设备有限公司 It is a kind of can adjust automatically turn to climb building method and device
CN114448295A (en) * 2022-01-07 2022-05-06 江阴市博今环保设备有限公司 Control method of direct-current brushless motor for water pump

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108899874A (en) * 2018-06-14 2018-11-27 江苏美的清洁电器股份有限公司 A kind of monitoring circuit, dust catcher and monitoring method
CN109229222A (en) * 2018-09-20 2019-01-18 成都山神轨道交通设备有限公司 It is a kind of can adjust automatically turn to climb building method and device
CN109229222B (en) * 2018-09-20 2021-10-08 成都山神轨道交通设备有限公司 Stair climbing method and device capable of automatically adjusting steering
CN114448295A (en) * 2022-01-07 2022-05-06 江阴市博今环保设备有限公司 Control method of direct-current brushless motor for water pump

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Granted publication date: 20161116

Pledgee: Bank of China Limited by Share Ltd. Shanghai Development Zone Pudong branch

Pledgor: SHANGHAI YINGHENG ELECTRONIC Co.,Ltd.

Registration number: 2017310000059

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