CN203758531U - Data acquisition device in distributed fiber sensing system - Google Patents
Data acquisition device in distributed fiber sensing system Download PDFInfo
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- CN203758531U CN203758531U CN201420023773.7U CN201420023773U CN203758531U CN 203758531 U CN203758531 U CN 203758531U CN 201420023773 U CN201420023773 U CN 201420023773U CN 203758531 U CN203758531 U CN 203758531U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a data acquisition device in a distributed fiber sensing system which includes a laser source, an optical coupler or a circulator, a fiber, an optical filter, a photoelectric converter and a data acquisition apparatus. The data acquisition device comprises a sampling and maintaining unit, a filter, an analog to digital converter and a processing unit that are connected in order. A trigger system controlling emission time sequences of pulses is disposed between the sampling and maintaining unit and the laser source. A method of data acquisition obtains, by controlling a time interval between laser emission and sampling of the sampling and maintaining unit, positioning of the fiber in any position and measure the whole fiber in a fully distributed manner. Through the data acquisition device of the utility model, converting speed requirements of the analog to digital converter are reduced, higher measuring precision can be achieved through utilization of low-cost and low-performance integrated members, and positioning of the fiber in any position and distributed measuring of the entire fiber can be obtained in a controllable manner.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to information data collection, specifically, is the device that the data of distributed fiberoptic sensor are gathered.
Background technology
Distributed temperature sensor, distributed stress sensing device and optical time domain reflectometer are all the reflecting systems for collect physical parametric data from optical fiber.In this system, lasing light emitter is to utilizing emitted light pulse in optical fiber, and the each point on optical fiber can produce faint scattered light.Some scattered lights can return lasing light emitter by backscattering.The light that the light that back-reflection is returned comprises different wave length.By surveying these backscattering light wavelength and intensity, can measure the physical parameters such as temperature, stress or loss.Since velocity of propagation and the pulse input start time of light in optical fiber is all known, can calculate so the position that back-scattering light produces from optical fiber.In said system, back-scattering light turns back to lasing light emitter, reaches photodetector by photo-coupler or circulator.The electric signal that back-scattering light converts to must be converted to digital signal by analog-digital converter (ADC).Afterwards, PC or microprocessor can be converted to physical data by this original signal, as temperature or stress.Back-reflection signal is continuous and relevant to the situation of whole optical fiber, therefore can carry out distributed physical quantity to whole optical fiber.
As shown in Figure 1, Fig. 1 is the system architecture schematic diagram of traditional collecting method to data acquisition system (DAS) in the prior art.In this system architecture, include lasing light emitter 1, optical fiber, optical filter 2, photoelectric commutator 3, data acquisition system (DAS) 4.Described acquisition system 4 comprises rapid sampler 5, analog-digital converter 6, processing unit 7.Lasing light emitter 1 connects an optical fiber and to Emission Lasers pulse in optical fiber.Optical filter 2 filters the light that backscattering is returned, and Raman light, Brillouin light or Reyleith scanttering light are extracted, and transfers to photoelectric commutator 3.Photoelectric commutator 3 receives wavelength to be laser interference signal and to convert thereof into effective voltage signal, and rapid sampler 5 carries out data acquisition according to trigger pip.
In the data acquisition system (DAS) of prior art, if for making PC or microprocessor obtain continuously the data on the optical fiber of interval 1m, the slewing rate of analog-digital converter must reach 100M/S, and sampling resolution is determined by the sample rate of analog-digital converter so.If requiring the measuring accuracy of system to reach 1m(is spatial sampling rate), the acquisition interval of analog-digital converter must reach 10ns so, and therefore the sample frequency of analog-digital converter need reach 100MHz.If sampling resolution is 2m, acquisition interval can be 20ns, and the sample frequency of analog-digital converter is 50MHZ so.This will improve the requirement of analog-digital converter greatly, will increase the cost of system.
In addition, because data rate is high, need high performance electronic equipment to calculate and be evenly distributed data, and be temperature or other physical quantity by calculating by transform light energy.Therefore if reduce cost and the power consumption of distributed temperature sensing system, can solve by the performance that reduces system, if but only reduce acquisition speed, for example drop to 50MHz from 100MHz, can make sampling interval be increased to 2m from 1m, the sampling resolution of 2m, be not as detailed as the information that the sampling resolution of 1m comprises, has limited its application precision and range of application greatly.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, and the apparatus and method of data acquisition in a kind of new distributed optical fiber sensing system are provided.Data collector of the present utility model is wanted to reduce the slewing rate requirement to analog-digital converter, use cheap low performance integrated device just can reach higher measuring accuracy, and can controllably obtain the location of optional position on optical fiber and the distributed measurement of whole piece optical fiber.
In order to reach foregoing invention object, the technical scheme that the utility model patent provides is as follows:
Data collector in a kind of distributed optical fiber sensing system, described distributed optical fiber sensing system includes lasing light emitter, photo-coupler or circulator, optical fiber, optical filter, photoelectric commutator and data collector, the laser pulse that described lasing light emitter sends enters optical fiber through photo-coupler or circulator, the back-scattering light being reflected back in optical fiber enters successively optical filter and photoelectric commutator after photo-coupler or circulator, enter in data collector through the electric signal of light filtering and opto-electronic conversion, it is characterized in that, described data collector includes the sampling and the holding unit that connect successively, analog-digital converter and processing unit, described sampling is connected photoelectric commutator to receive data with holding unit one end, the data of sampling and the output of the holding unit other end input to processing unit through analog-digital converter, between described sampling and holding unit and lasing light emitter, be provided with the triggering system of gating pulse transmitting sequential.
In data collector in the utility model distributed optical fiber sensing system, between described sampling and holding unit and analog-digital converter, be also provided with light filter.
In data collector in the utility model distributed optical fiber sensing system, in described triggering system, store the ad-hoc location on the optical fiber of predesignated subscriber definition, the first bundle laser pulse of configuration sends in the time of t0, the second bundle laser pulse sends in the time of t1, specific position on corresponding optical fiber, the length of the corresponding ad-hoc location of mistiming between this t0 and t1, by laser, the velocity of propagation in optical fiber and time-delay calculation draw this length.
In data collector in the utility model distributed optical fiber sensing system, in described sampling and holding unit, be provided with average module and data maintenance module, described mean value module receives the electric signal of sampling and averages, and described data keep module that the mean value of gained is kept to certain hour.
In data collector in the utility model distributed optical fiber sensing system, described photoelectric commutator is photodiode, avalanche photodide or PIN photodiode.
Utilize the method that in above-mentioned distributed optical fiber sensing system, data collector carries out data acquisition, it is characterized in that, the method comprises the steps:
The first step, sends laser pulse by triggering system at t0 time trigger lasing light emitter, and laser light pulse inputs in optical fiber and propagates through photo-coupler;
Second step, the light pulse of propagating in optical fiber is reflected back back-scattering light, and this back-scattering light inputs to the light signal of optical filter acquisition respective wavelength after coupling mechanism, and this light signal is converted into electric signal through photoelectric commutator again;
The 3rd step, sampling and the holding unit of triggering system in t1 time trigger data collector, the optical signal value reflecting on the corresponding optical fiber of this sampling and holding unit collection institute of corresponding t1 moment, and by this signal value preservation a period of time;
The 4th step, sampling and holding unit filter to reduce the impact of noise on signal through filtrator to signal before signal value is transferred to analog-digital converter, and when a signal value of analog-digital converter conversion, next signal value is kept a period of time;
The 5th step, analog-digital converter has enough time that signal value is converted to digital signal from simulating signal, and the digital data transmission converting to is to processing unit processes.
Data collector in a kind of distributed optical fiber sensing system, it is characterized in that, described distributed optical fiber sensing system includes lasing light emitter, photo-coupler, optical fiber, optical filter, the first photoelectric commutator, the second photoelectric commutator and data collector, the laser pulse that described lasing light emitter sends enters optical fiber through photo-coupler or circulator, the back-scattering light being reflected back in optical fiber enters optical filter after photo-coupler, after optical filter, be divided into two-beam and enter respectively the first photoelectric commutator and the second photoelectric commutator, electric signal through the first photoelectric commutator and the second photoelectric commutator inputs in data collector, described data collector includes two cover harvesters, sub-harvester includes the sampling and the holding unit that connect successively, filtrator, analog-digital converter and shared processing unit, sampling in one cover harvester is connected the first photoelectric commutator to receive data with holding unit one end, the data of sampling and the output of the holding unit other end input to shared processing unit through filter and analog-digital converter successively, sampling in another cover harvester is connected the first photoelectric commutator to receive data with holding unit one end, the data of sampling and the output of the holding unit other end input to shared processing unit through filter and analog-digital converter successively, between the sampling described in every cover harvester and holding unit and lasing light emitter, be provided with the triggering system of gating pulse transmitting sequential.
Based on technique scheme, the data collector in the utility model distributed optical fiber sensing system has been obtained following technique effect in practice is used:
1. device of the present utility model is controlled launch time and the acquisition time of laser pulse by design triggering system, and adopt sampling and holding unit to replace traditional rapid sampler, make system reduce the requirement to analog-digital converter, therefore can reduce costs and not affect the collection measuring accuracy of whole system with cheap integrated device.
2. the utility model is in use by controlling the time interval between Laser emission, sampling and holding unit sampling, not only can obtain the location of any position of optical fiber, can also reach the full distributed measurement to whole piece optical fiber, thereby it specifically changes lasting capture-data of the time difference by changing sampling interval, to reach the distributed measurement to optical fiber.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the system architecture schematic diagram of traditional collecting method.
Fig. 2 is the structure composition schematic diagram of the data collector in the utility model distributed optical fiber sensing system.
Fig. 3 is that the utility model is by the structure composition schematic diagram of two wavelength configuration of single processing unit processes.
Fig. 4 is the utility model timing diagram of every (laser flip flop, sampling and retention time, ADC switching time).
Fig. 5 is the timing diagram that the single laser flip flop of the utility model gathers multiple physical quantities.
Embodiment
We do further and elaborate the apparatus and method of data acquisition in the utility model distributed optical fiber sensing system with specific embodiment by reference to the accompanying drawings below; understand Integral Thought and the workflow of the utility model patent in the hope of more cheer and bright, but can not limit protection domain of the present utility model with this.
According to optical principle, light in optical fiber propagation distance and the relation of time as follows: the velocity of propagation (v) of light in optical fiber can calculate v=c/n by speed (c) in a vacuum of light and the refractive index (n) of optical fiber.Light velocity of propagation is in a vacuum approximately 3x10
8m/s, the refractive index of glass fibre is approximately 1.5, therefore the velocity of propagation of light in optical fiber be in a vacuum velocity of propagation 2/3.When light pulse propagation is to certain the some z on optical fiber, back-scattering light returns along same path, and therefore the overall length of two paths of optical signal transmission is 2z.If in optical fiber, the light velocity is v, and collects back-scattering light in the time of time t.T=2z/v so.To the sampling resolution of 1m, collection be spaced apart 10ns.Therefore, make in existing distributed optical fiber sensing system PC or microprocessor obtain continuously the data on the optical fiber of interval 1m if want, the slewing rate of analog-digital converter must reach 100M/S.This will improve the requirement of analog-digital converter greatly, thereby increases the cost of whole sensor-based system.
As shown in Figure 2, the utility model has designed the data collector in distributed optical fiber sensing system.Like the prior art, distributed optical fiber sensing system of the present utility model includes lasing light emitter, photo-coupler or circulator, optical fiber, optical filter, photoelectric commutator and data collector, the laser pulse that described lasing light emitter sends enters optical fiber through photo-coupler or circulator, the back-scattering light being reflected back in optical fiber enters successively optical filter and photoelectric commutator after photo-coupler or circulator, enters in data collector through the electric signal of light filtering and opto-electronic conversion.In improved data collector, include the sampling and holding unit, filtrator, analog-digital converter and the processing unit that connect successively, described sampling is connected photoelectric commutator to receive data with holding unit one end, the data of sampling and the output of the holding unit other end input to processing unit through filter and analog-digital converter successively.More of paramount importance, the utility model is provided with the triggering system of gating pulse transmitting sequential between described sampling and holding unit and lasing light emitter.
In data collector in the utility model distributed optical fiber sensing system, in described triggering system, store the ad-hoc location on the optical fiber of predesignated subscriber definition, the first bundle laser pulse of configuration sends in the time of t0, the second bundle laser pulse sends in the time of t1, specific position on corresponding optical fiber, the length of the corresponding ad-hoc location of mistiming between this t0 and t1, by laser, the velocity of propagation in optical fiber and time-delay calculation draw this length.In described sampling and holding unit, be provided with average module and data maintenance module, described mean value module receives the electric signal of sampling and also averages, and described data keep module that the mean value of gained is kept to certain hour.Described photoelectric commutator is photodiode, avalanche photodide or PIN photodiode.
In above-mentioned distributed optical fiber sensing system, data collector carries out the method for data acquisition, and the method comprises the steps:
The first step, sends laser pulse by triggering system at t0 time trigger lasing light emitter, and laser light pulse inputs in optical fiber and propagates through photo-coupler;
Second step, the light pulse of propagating in optical fiber is reflected back back-scattering light, and this back-scattering light inputs to the light signal of optical filter acquisition respective wavelength after coupling mechanism, and this light signal is converted into electric signal through photoelectric commutator again;
The 3rd step, sampling and the holding unit of triggering system in t1 time trigger data collector, the optical signal value reflecting on the corresponding optical fiber of this sampling and holding unit collection institute of corresponding t1 moment, and by this signal value preservation a period of time;
The 4th step, sampling and holding unit filter to reduce the impact of noise on signal through filtrator to signal before signal value is transferred to analog-digital converter, and when a signal value of analog-digital converter conversion, next signal value is kept a period of time;
The 5th step, analog-digital converter has enough time that signal value is converted to digital signal from simulating signal, and the digital data transmission converting to is to processing unit processes.
Embodiment 1
Fig. 2 has shown the one configuration of this utility model.This configuration using sampling and holding unit 9 replace rapid sampler 5, also have a triggering system 10 simultaneously, and this triggering system 10 is being controlled the sequential of impulse ejection.Ad-hoc location on the optical fiber of triggering system 10 meeting storage predesignated subscribers definition.In this configuration, the first bundle laser pulse sends in the time of t0, and the second beam pulse sends in the time of t1, specific position on corresponding optical fiber.Mistiming between t1 and t0 is relevant to the length of specific region, this length can be by light the velocity of propagation in optical fiber and time-delay calculation draw.
The electric signal in this region is by sampling and holding unit 9 is sampled and on average.This mean value is maintained in system, make signal have time enough to be filtered by filtrator 11, reduce noise effect with this, and be transferred to analog-digital converter 6, analog-digital converter 6 at a slow speed just has sufficient time to change these data, and this digital value will be transferred to processing unit 7 afterwards.This process constantly repeats, until form average signal to fall low noise impact.
Embodiment 2
Fig. 3 is by the version of two wavelength of single processing unit processes.Wherein in distributed optical fiber sensing system, the device of data acquisition has lasing light emitter 1, photo-coupler, optical fiber, optical filter 8, the first photoelectric commutator 3, the second photoelectric commutator 3` and data collector, the laser pulse that described lasing light emitter 1 sends enters optical fiber through photo-coupler or circulator, the back-scattering light being reflected back in optical fiber enters optical filter 8 after photo-coupler, after optical filter 8, be divided into two-beam and enter respectively the first photoelectric commutator 3 and the second photoelectric commutator 3`, input in data collector 4 through the electric signal of the first photoelectric commutator 3 and the second photoelectric commutator 3`, described data collector 4 includes two cover harvesters, sub-harvester includes the sampling and the holding unit 9 that connect successively, filtrator 11, analog-digital converter 6 and shared processing unit 7, sampling in one cover harvester is connected the first photoelectric commutator 3 to receive data with holding unit 9 one end, the data of sampling and holding unit 3 other end outputs input to shared processing unit 7 through filter 11 and analog-digital converter 6 successively, sampling in another cover harvester is connected the first photoelectric commutator 3` to receive data with holding unit 9 one end, the data of sampling and the output of the holding unit other end input to shared processing unit 7 through filter 11 and analog-digital converter 6 successively, between the sampling described in every cover harvester and holding unit 9 and lasing light emitter 1, be provided with the triggering system 10 of gating pulse transmitting sequential.
The present embodiment is the Typical Disposition of the distributed temperature measuring system based on Raman scattering, and wherein Raman Stokes and anti-Stokes light will be filtered out.This also can be counted as with multiple acquisition system devices.Equally, optical transmitting set has multiple wavelength.Sampling and holding unit repeatedly triggers and the cooperation of multiple acquisition systems, optical fiber is carried out to distributed measurement.In this configuration, laser pulse is not sent by triggering system, but self-pulsing.Touch in the time using laser beam and optical switch (when laser beam comprises huge energy, optical switch can send output signal), need to first activate triggering system.Once triggering system is sent laser pulse, sampling and holding unit start work simultaneously.
Fig. 4 shows sequential relationship every in this utility model, comprises the laser triggered time, sampling and holding circuit start-up time, and 6 switching times of analog-digital converter.Wherein analog-digital converter is longer than the sample time 6 switching times.This sequential chart demonstration the utility model can be realized the measurement of single-point position between laser trigger pulse.Laser flip flop is launched laser pulse into optical fiber in the time of t0, and in the time of t1, sampling and holding unit start to gather the data of t2-t1 period.The time difference of t1-t0 is depended on the start position of optical fiber measurement point, and sampling period (t2-t1) determines the length of physical measurement.Fig. 5 has shown that the method is also applicable to single laser flip flop and gathers multiple physical quantities.
Data collector of the present utility model is controlled launch time and the acquisition time of laser pulse by design triggering system, and adopt sampling and holding unit to replace traditional rapid sampler, make system reduce the requirement to analog-digital converter, therefore can reduce costs and not affect the collection measuring accuracy of whole system with cheap integrated device.Device of the present utility model, by controlling the time interval between Laser emission, sampling and holding unit sampling, not only can obtain the location of any position of optical fiber, can also reach the full distributed measurement to whole piece optical fiber.
Claims (5)
1. the data collector in a distributed optical fiber sensing system, described distributed optical fiber sensing system includes lasing light emitter, photo-coupler or circulator, optical fiber, optical filter, photoelectric commutator and data collector, the laser pulse that described lasing light emitter sends enters optical fiber through photo-coupler or circulator, the back-scattering light being reflected back in optical fiber enters successively optical filter and photoelectric commutator after photo-coupler or circulator, enter in data collector through the electric signal of light filtering and opto-electronic conversion, it is characterized in that, described data collector includes the sampling and the holding unit that connect successively, analog-digital converter and processing unit, described sampling is connected photoelectric commutator to receive data with holding unit one end, the data of sampling and the output of the holding unit other end input to processing unit through analog-digital converter, between described sampling and holding unit and lasing light emitter, be provided with the triggering system of gating pulse transmitting sequential.
2. the data collector in distributed optical fiber sensing system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, between described sampling and holding unit and analog-digital converter, is also provided with light filter.
3. the data collector in distributed optical fiber sensing system according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, in described triggering system, store the ad-hoc location on the optical fiber of predesignated subscriber definition, the first bundle laser pulse of configuration sends in the time of t0, the second bundle laser pulse sends in the time of t1, specific position on corresponding optical fiber, the length of the corresponding ad-hoc location of mistiming between this t0 and t1, by laser, the velocity of propagation in optical fiber and time-delay calculation draw this length.
4. the data collector in distributed optical fiber sensing system according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, in described sampling and holding unit, be provided with average module and data maintenance module, described mean value module receives the electric signal of sampling and averages, and described data keep module that the mean value of gained is kept to certain hour.
5. the data collector in distributed optical fiber sensing system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described photoelectric commutator is photodiode, avalanche photodide or PIN photodiode.
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| CN201420023773.7U CN203758531U (en) | 2014-01-15 | 2014-01-15 | Data acquisition device in distributed fiber sensing system |
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| CN201420023773.7U CN203758531U (en) | 2014-01-15 | 2014-01-15 | Data acquisition device in distributed fiber sensing system |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103791937A (en) * | 2014-01-15 | 2014-05-14 | 上海波汇通信科技有限公司 | Device and method for acquiring data in distributed optical fiber sensing system |
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- 2014-01-15 CN CN201420023773.7U patent/CN203758531U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103791937A (en) * | 2014-01-15 | 2014-05-14 | 上海波汇通信科技有限公司 | Device and method for acquiring data in distributed optical fiber sensing system |
| CN103791937B (en) * | 2014-01-15 | 2016-05-11 | 上海波汇科技股份有限公司 | The apparatus and method of data acquisition in a kind of distributed optical fiber sensing system |
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Address after: 201203, Shanghai Pudong New Area Zhangjiang hi tech park, No. 177 blue wave road, B District, 2 floor Patentee after: SHANGHAI BANDWEAVER TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Address before: 201203, Shanghai Pudong New Area Zhangjiang hi tech park, No. 177 blue wave road, B District, 2 floor Patentee before: Shanghai Bohui Communication Technology Co., Ltd. |
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