CN203741905U - Bottom mud ploughing device synchronous with dredge tool bit - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a bottom mud ploughing device synchronous with a dredge tool bit. The bottom mud ploughing device synchronous with the dredge tool bit comprises the dredge tool bit and a dredge tool bit cover, and the dredge tool bit cover is in a circular truncated cone shape with the side face after plane cutting and comprises a cover body cylinder wall, a front bottom wall and a rear bottom wall. The dredge tool bit stretches into the dredge tool bit cover through a hole formed in the rear bottom wall and is mounted on the rear bottom wall. The end portions of the two ends of the cutting position of the cover body cylinder wall are respectively provided with a set of tooth rake type ploughing components. Each tooth rake type ploughing component comprises a stand frame and a ploughing tooth rake, the top end of each ploughing tooth rake is sharp, and the tail end of each ploughing tooth rake is provided with a circular head. Semi-circular grooves are formed in the stand frames. The circular heads of the ploughing tooth rakes are mounted in the semi-circular grooves. The stand frames are fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the cover body cylinder wall. According to the bottom mud ploughing device synchronous with the dredge tool bit, the vertical and horizontal states of the ploughing tooth rakes are controlled with the help of lateral oscillation of the dredge tool bit and different friction positions of the ploughing tooth rakes and bottom mud, and with the help of the pushing force of sector oscillation of the dredge tool bit, the ploughing tooth rakes in the vertical state form synchronous ploughing on the surface layer of the bottom mud with the identical direction and speed with the oscillation of the dredge tool bit.

Description

A kind of bed mud of synchronizeing with dredging cutter head is drawn plowing device

Technical field

The utility model belongs to ecological environmental protection technology and mechanical design field, relates to a kind of bed mud of synchronizeing with dredging cutter head and draws plowing device.

Background technology

Sediment Dredging is the most widely used engineering means that silt was taken out or removed to a class from water body., sensitiveness (as drinking water source) height contaminated for those bed muds or the larger water body of the degree of depth, wet method (being with water) dredging technology is selected for primary, its selectable dredging cutter head mainly contain spiral and or disc type environmental protection cutters, and sweep suction nozzle etc.Except pursuing by the vertical high accuracy dredging of designing requirement, the planeness on the low diffusion of silt and low residual mud amount, surface etc., also be content (Li Jingui, lijin army, Yang Jianhua, the Ding Shuyou that wet method dredging is pursued dredging cutter and equipment thereof, < < technology for Accurate Dredging of Contaminated Subsoil > >, China's port and harbour construction, 2004, (6): 11-20).For preventing fine sediment diffusion in dredging; also must install non-proliferation cover (Zhang Jingming, Wang Jian, Zhang Qingbo, Lu Xinhua, Zhang Chunhua, Bao Yanfang outward additional at dredging cutter; " double-suction-port ring is protected dredging reamer head unit "; ZL 200520044977.X); this is not only raising dredging efficiency; be mainly also that operation is carried out completely under the protection state of dredging tool bit cover, water quality is dredged in protection to greatest extent on the one hand, also improves on the other hand there is to higher dredging quality on bed mud top layer.

High dredging quality is to need to pursue, but tends to form afterwards in dredging the newborn top layer of bed mud that a density is higher.If deposit, the history of this layer of deposition substrate has a lot of difference by the difference depending on dredging depth, can reach centuries even up to ten thousand years.The shallow water lake dredging that pollutant removal is object as take, to the about 20cm of the removal degree of depth of sediments left and right, has just been equivalent to remove the deposition bed mud of more than 1000 year; Er Dui uncontamination district obtains engineering dredging, and its dredging depth generally, more than 50cm, even reaches 2m sometimes, has now been equivalent to remove the deposit of nearly ten thousand years.Because the bed mud compactness of certain layer of position is except outside the Pass having with self physico-chemical property, the impact that is also mainly deposited and pile up sediment layer thickness thereon.Long-term bed mud compaction and organic early diagenesis etc., make to deposit the constantly increase of substrate density, degree of porosity or moisture content and constantly reduce.According to one's analysis, be deposited on the deposition substrate before thousand to 10000 years, its degree of porosity is often lower than 0.60, some is even only that (Fan Chengxin, Charltons are brave, Wu Qinglong etc. in 0.3 left and right, 2013, < < lake sediment interface process and effect > >, Beijing, Science Press).Even so newborn top layer exposes the several years under water after dredging, to remove outside settled layer, the degree of porosity of its sediments changes also little, and therefore, the phenomenon that high compact bed mud is exposed to water bottom after dredging certainly exists.

The density bed mud that the low-porosity of take is feature, the growth phase of raw type biology when unfavorable to water bottom.Common lake, river bottom raw type biology be macrobenthos and large-scale vascular plant, they are all in water ecosystem, to have the biotic population of important ecological niche.Macrobenthos (annelid, mollusk and arthropod etc.) is for can be at water-bed survival and reproduction, (Cai Yongjiu, Gong Zhijun, Qin Baiqiang under need can surviving by the row of ingesting, crawl in bed mud or on it, the life behaviors such as cave, boring of building, < < Taihu Lake Community Structure of Macrobenthos and diversity > >, bio-diversity, 2010,18 (1): 50-59), large-scale vascular plant is (as emergent aquactic plant, floatingleaved plant and submerged plant) seed or nutrition propagule, due to its initial stage root, the fibrous root that stem bears need to stretch to bed mud is inner, this will rely on substrate preferably natural disposition, and penetrate bed mud by the root system of sprouting, not only oneself is firmly colonizated in to appropriate location in waters, and by root system, from bed mud, absorbed the growth (Huang Wei that nutrient maintains oneself, Chen Kaining, < < deposit physicochemical property and submerged plant fresh weight, the saturation ratio correlation analysis > > of diversity indices and kind, lake science, 2010, 22 (4): 545-551).Therefore the compactness of bed mud is too high, facing to macrobenthos and the large-scale vascular plant of raw type, all will be difficult to form in bed mud and effective give birth to and survive.In addition, after dredging bed mud top layer too smooth also on biology produce raw impact to a certain degree.

All grow and have benthon in most shallow water lakes and bottom, river, some Bin Anqu also have large-scale vascular plant, and the dredging of high-quality wet method can increase bed mud compactness and make top layer too smooth, affect to some extent benthon and large-scale vascular plant natural disposition, make its a period of time after dredging be difficult to be restored and grow (Lu Guihua, Zhang Jianhua, Ma Qian etc., < < Taihu Lake ecological dredging and water transfer drainage > >, Science Press, 2012, 188-196), water ecosystem is exerted an influence.Development along with dredging industry, ecology and environmental protection concept are through a series of processes such as the dredging formulation of scheme, the selection of dredging plant and ship dredging constructions, wherein for after dredging, how to recover as living resources such as benthon and water plants as early as possible, important content (Fang Lingdi, the Zhu Wei of polluted-water environmental protection and ecological dredging performance evaluation will be become, 2011, the ecological dredging of < < Taihu Lake polluted bed mud project study > >, publishing house of Hohai University, 2-7).Although people still can adopt other means to improve the suitable natural disposition of density bed mud after dredging, but because dredging belongs to " hidden " engineering under water, there is invisibility, after dredging, assemble again other machineries and power set, in original dredging waters, carry out and take substrate under water and loosen as the engineering of object, not only will produce very large cost, practical operation is got up will be very difficult.If find or set up and a kind ofly can carry out density improvement to dredging bed mud with dredging operation synchronous method, will advance the technological progress of industry.

Problem that bed mud compactness is high is actual is to take the little substrate physics as principal character of porosity to improve problem (Fan Chengxin, " the suitable natural disposition restoration methods of plant of water body density bed mud ", ZL201010524103.X), and the medium-and-large-sized benthons of water body such as lake and river and the existence yardstick of large-scale vascular plant in bed mud mostly in the 5-10cm thickness of top layer.Therefore, design compactness that new dredging plant effectively improves bed mud after dredging, help the suitable raw habitat of bed mud to recover as early as possible, meet macrobenthos and large-scale vascular plant is found suitable environment as early as possible, to be that environmental protection and ecological dredging industry are made great efforts one of direction of innovation, this is dredging and the decision-making to the special water body of those ecology fragility types and water source type especially, particularly important.

Summary of the invention

Technical problem to be solved in the utility model is to provide a kind of rear high bed mud of sediments density of dredging that improves and draws plowing device, in dredging, can synchronously to sediments, carry out density improvement and planeness change, meet macrobenthos and the physical environment requirement of vascular plant growth to substrate.

Bed mud of synchronizeing with dredging cutter head provided by the utility model is drawn plowing device, by dredger, the teeter power of dredging cutter head is changed compactness and the planarization of bed mud, porosity increase, the planeness of dredging rear substrate are reduced, reach and improve the suitable natural disposition environment of lakebed, make Sediment Dredging equipment there is abundanter environmental protection and ecological characteristic.

Bed mud of synchronizeing with dredging cutter head provided by the utility model is drawn plowing device, comprises dredging cutter head and dredging tool bit cover, it is characterized in that: described dredging tool bit cover is that the truncated cone-shaped after plane cutting is made in side, comprises cover body barrel, front diapire and rear diapire; In the described dredging cutter head hole that diapire is offered from described, stretch in dredging tool bit cover, and be arranged on described rear diapire; The end at the two ends, cover body barrel cut place of described dredging tool bit cover is separately installed with one group of tooth harrow type and draws cultivated member; Described tooth harrow type is drawn cultivated member and is comprised stand and be arranged on the cultivated tooth harrow of drawing in described stand; Described stroke of cultivated tooth harrow top is sharp-pointed, and tail end has a rounded nose; Described stand is provided with semi-circular recesses; The rounded nose of described stroke of cultivated tooth harrow is arranged in the semi-circular recesses of described stand by axis of rotation bolt; Described stand is fixedly mounted on the outside of cover body barrel.

It is the center of circle in hull one end that dredging cutter head be take crane span structure, do fan-shaped swinging, on the cover body barrel of dredging tool bit cover, install tooth harrow type additional and draw cultivated member, the cultivated rake teeth of drawing that tooth harrow type is drawn in cultivated member is synchronizeed and is swung with dredging cutter head, draws the lower end of cultivated rake teeth along with the speed of service of dredging cutter head is drawn cultivated to just going out to dredge the sediments of tool bit cover.The periodic wobble that moves ahead and dredge crane span structure along with dredger, the cultivated tooth harrow of drawing being attached on dredging tool bit cover carries out drawing and ploughing continuously to the bed mud of firm dredging, thereby increase porosity and the planarization of bed mud, implementing the suitable natural disposition of work waters density dredging bed mud to improve.According to the power of ship and the speed of service etc., capable of regulating is drawn and is ploughed the length of tooth harrow and quantity is installed, and improves the cultivated quality of drawing of dredging bed mud, draws tilling depth degree and density.

Described bed mud of synchronizeing with dredging cutter head draws that plowing device can in the following ways or the combination of various ways be optimized.

Further, described stroke of cultivated tooth harrow is bending towards described cover body barrel, and a side of cover body barrel is provided with stop bit fin dorsad.Draw cultivated tooth harrow and turn to after certain angle, stop bit fin is blocked in stand, thereby whole stroke of cultivated tooth harrow suspended, rotates, and draws cultivated tooth harrow in standing position duty.

Further, safe edge pipe is installed respectively in the end at two ends, described cover body barrel cut place; Described stand is positioned at the top of described safe edge pipe.The setting of safe edge pipe, plays position-limiting action to the cultivated rake teeth of drawing rotating, and prevents from drawing cultivated rake teeth and in rotation process, cover body barrel is produced and destroyed; For the cultivated tooth harrow of drawing of bending, after rotateing in place, bending position touch safe edge pipe, draws cultivated tooth harrow and is prone position state.Preferably, when drawing cultivated tooth harrow, be provided with stop bit fin, safe edge pipe is installed on cover body barrel, dredging cutter head is done fan-shaped swinging, when swinging left, stroke cultivated tooth harrow on right side is under the restriction of stop bit fin, and its lower end will be drawn cultivated to just going out to dredge the sediments of tool bit cover with the speed of service of dredging cutter head, and left side draw cultivated tooth harrow because back is subject to bed mud resistance, and pasting the off working state that safe edge pipe is sleeping shape; When swinging from left to right, the tooth harrow lower end in left side is subject to bed mud friction rotation, is vertical working state under the restriction of stop bit fin, forms the scribing to bed mud.

Further, the isometric semicircle metal cartridge of cover body barrel described in described safe edge Guan Weiyu.

Further, described dredging tool bit cover is the truncated cone-shaped metal cylinder after cutting along bus.

The diameter in the hole of offering on described rear diapire further, is greater than 1/2 of rear diapire diameter.

Further, more than the top of described stroke of cultivated tooth harrow exceeds the effective operating position 5cm of dredging cutter head.

Bed mud of synchronizeing with dredging cutter head provided by the utility model is drawn plowing device, by dredging tool bit cover teeter with draw the different of cultivated tooth harrow and bed mud frictional position, control the vertical prone position state of drawing cultivated tooth harrow, thereby by the thrust of dredging tool bit cover fan-shaped swing, standing position is drawn plough tooth harrow to form and with the dredging cutter head swaying direction synchronism consistent with speed, draw cultivated to bed mud top layer.By drawing drawing of cultivated tooth harrow, plough, the density surface deposit substrate after dredging loosened, improve macrobenthos the row of ingesting, crawl, build the suitable natural disposition such as cave, boring, and large-scale vascular bundle water plant seed raw environment.Owing to having realized the loose synchronization job with dredging of substrate; saved the cost that the biological suitable natural disposition physics in dredging later stage bed mud top layer is repaired; control and reparation for the polluted water body deposits such as Hu He pollute, provide a kind of ecological dredging equipment of focusing on living resources conservation and recovery.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the utility model front view;

Fig. 2 is the utility model lateral view.

In figure: diapire before 1-; 2-cover body barrel; Diapire after 3-; 4-installing hole; 5-safe edge pipe; 7-stand; 8-screw; 9-semi-circular recesses; 10-stop bit fin; 11-axis of rotation bolt; 12-draws cultivated tooth harrow (standing position); 13-draws cultivated tooth harrow (prone position); 14-dredges cutter head.

The specific embodiment

As shown in Figure 1, 2, bed mud of synchronizeing with dredging cutter head provided by the utility model is drawn plowing device, comprises that dredging cutter head 14, dredging tool bit cover and tooth harrow type draws cultivated member; Dredging tool bit cover is that the truncated cone-shaped after plane cutting is made in side, comprise cover body barrel 2, front diapire 1 and rear diapire 3, truncated cone-shaped metal cylinder after cut along bus at bottom chord 6 places on preferred diapire 1 in the past, after the cutting of truncated cone-shaped metal cylinder, form two, one that upper and lower bottom surface is comprised to diameter is used as dredging tool bit cover, the bottom surface that diameter is large is called rear diapire, and diameter is little is called front diapire; In the hole that dredging cutter head 14 is offered from rear diapire 3, stretch in dredging tool bit cover, by the installing hole 4 on rear diapire 3, utilize securing member that dredging cutter head 14 is arranged on rear diapire 3, the diameter in the hole of offering on rear diapire 3 can be greater than 1/2 of rear diapire diameter; The end at cover body barrel 2 two ends, cut place of dredging tool bit cover is separately installed with one group of tooth harrow type and draws cultivated member, tooth harrow type is drawn and is ploughed that member comprises " fourth " font stand 7 and the cultivated tooth harrow of drawing that is arranged in stand 7 (is drawn cultivated tooth harrow according to the difference of duty, can divide into standing position and prone position, as 12,13 being that same stroke is ploughed two kinds of different operating states of tooth harrow in figure), stand 7 use screws 8 are arranged on the outside of cover body barrel 2.Draw cultivated tooth harrow top sharp-pointed, tail end has a rounded nose, and stand 7 is provided with semi-circular recesses 9, and the rounded nose of drawing cultivated tooth harrow is arranged in the semi-circular recesses 9 in stand 7 by axis of rotation bolt 11, draws cultivated tooth harrow and can axis of rotation bolt 11 rotates for axle.Draw cultivated tooth harrow and be bending towards cover body barrel 2, a side of cover body barrel arranges stop bit fin 10 dorsad.Safe edge pipe 5 is installed respectively in end at cover body barrel 2 two ends, cut place, and safe edge pipe 5 can adopt the semicircle metal cylinder isometric with cover body barrel 2,7 tops that are positioned at safe edge pipe 5 of stand.Due to the restriction of stop bit fin 10, safe edge pipe 5, draw the rotation that cultivated tooth harrow is less than 90 °.

As shown in Figure 2, draw the top (drawing the tip location of ploughing tooth harrow) of cultivated tooth harrow and the distance L of the dredging effective operating position of cutter head more than 5cm, now, draw cultivated tooth harrow in standing position state (drawing cultivated tooth harrow (standing position) 12), the stop bit fin of drawing cultivated tooth harrow withstands in stand; The so-called dredging effective operating position of cutter head refers to, under dredging cutter head is in running order, after dredging cutter head rotates, dredges cutter head and exposes dredging tool bit cover, the position at dredging cutter head gabarit place.This is provided with to be beneficial to and draws cultivated tooth harrow and draw cultivated to the bed mud moving out from dredging tool bit cover.

As shown in Figure 1, wet method is dredged topmost motion mode and is dredged exactly cutter head crane span structure in hull one end, and the crane span structure point of take is done fan-shaped swinging as the center of circle.Draw and plough while preparing, dredging tool bit cover is positioned over and treats bed mud top layer under water, dredged area together with dredging cutter head, due to axis of rotation bolt 11 on the upper side, draw cultivated tooth harrow center on the low side, draw cultivated tooth harrow in standing position duty (drawing cultivated tooth harrow (standing position) 12), its fore-end towards and insert bed mud.When dredging tool bit cover swings left, under the restriction of stop bit fin 10, (stop bit fin 10 withstands in stand 7 the cultivated tooth harrow of drawing on right side, drawing cultivated rake teeth cannot continue to right rotation, keep standing position state), its front end is dredged the operation with dredging cutter head the sediments of tool bit cover and is drawn cultivated to just exposing, and stroke cultivated rake teeth in left side is because crooked back is subject to bed mud resistance, be close to the off working state (drawing cultivated tooth harrow (prone position) 13) that safe edge pipe 5 is prone position; When swinging from left to right, the cultivated tooth harrow front end of drawing in left side is subject to bed mud friction and rotates around axis of rotation bolt 11, under the restriction of stop bit fin 10, be standing position duty, form the delineation to bed mud, the cultivated tooth harrow of drawing on right side is close to the off working state that safe edge pipe 5 is prone position.

The periodic wobble that moves ahead and dredge crane span structure along with dredger, the cultivated tooth harrow of drawing being attached on dredging tool bit cover will carry out drawing and plough continuously of "the" shape to the bed mud of firm dredging, thereby increase porosity and the planarization of whole dredging work plane bed mud, implementing the suitable natural disposition of work waters density dredging bed mud to improve.According to the power of ship and the speed of service etc., can suitably adjust and draw the length of cultivated tooth harrow and quantity is installed, improve the cultivated quality of drawing of dredging bed mud, draw the cultivated degree of depth and density.

Adopt bed mud of synchronizeing with dredging cutter head provided by the utility model to draw plowing device, compare with general dredging tool bit cover, the bed mud of top 5-10cm after dredging, porosity is by being increased to 0.65-0.70 below 0.6, top layer planeness is also destroyed, and has improved at bed mud and raw biological suitable environment.

Claims (7)

1. the bed mud of synchronizeing with dredging cutter head is drawn a plowing device, comprises dredging cutter head and dredging tool bit cover, it is characterized in that: described dredging tool bit cover is that the truncated cone-shaped after plane cutting is made in side, comprises cover body barrel, front diapire and rear diapire; In the described dredging cutter head hole that diapire is offered from described, stretch in dredging tool bit cover, and be arranged on described rear diapire; The end at the two ends, cover body barrel cut place of described dredging tool bit cover is separately installed with one group of tooth harrow type and draws cultivated member; Described tooth harrow type is drawn cultivated member and is comprised stand and be arranged on the cultivated tooth harrow of drawing in described stand; Described stroke of cultivated tooth harrow top is sharp-pointed, and tail end has a rounded nose; Described stand is provided with semi-circular recesses; The rounded nose of described stroke of cultivated tooth harrow is arranged in the semi-circular recesses of described stand by axis of rotation bolt; Described stand is fixedly mounted on the outside of cover body barrel.

2. bed mud of synchronizeing with dredging cutter head as claimed in claim 1 is drawn plowing device, it is characterized in that: described stroke of cultivated tooth harrow is bending towards described cover body barrel, and a side of cover body barrel is provided with stop bit fin dorsad.

3. bed mud of synchronizeing with dredging cutter head as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is drawn plowing device, it is characterized in that: safe edge pipe is installed respectively in the end at two ends, described cover body barrel cut place; Described stand is positioned at the top of described safe edge pipe.

4. bed mud of synchronizeing with dredging cutter head as claimed in claim 3 is drawn plowing device, it is characterized in that: the isometric semicircle metal cartridge of cover body barrel described in described safe edge Guan Weiyu.

5. bed mud of synchronizeing with dredging cutter head as claimed in claim 1 is drawn plowing device, it is characterized in that: described dredging tool bit cover is that the truncated cone-shaped metal cylinder after plane cutting is made along bus in side.

6. bed mud of synchronizeing with dredging cutter head as claimed in claim 1 is drawn plowing device, it is characterized in that: the diameter in the hole of offering on described rear diapire is greater than 1/2 of rear diapire diameter.

7. bed mud of synchronizeing with dredging cutter head as claimed in claim 1 is drawn plowing device, it is characterized in that: more than the top of described stroke of cultivated tooth harrow surpasses the effective operating position 5cm of dredging cutter head.