CN203741207U - Vacuum melting furnace and founding system of infrared glass - Google Patents
Vacuum melting furnace and founding system of infrared glass Download PDFInfo
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- CN203741207U CN203741207U CN201420129013.4U CN201420129013U CN203741207U CN 203741207 U CN203741207 U CN 203741207U CN 201420129013 U CN201420129013 U CN 201420129013U CN 203741207 U CN203741207 U CN 203741207U
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- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 121
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 50
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000156 glass melt Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium carbonate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]C([O-])=O AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 6
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000006066 glass batch Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003870 refractory metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 238000005352 clarification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004031 devitrification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- PXXKQOPKNFECSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum rhodium Chemical compound [Rh].[Pt] PXXKQOPKNFECSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 3
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000005387 chalcogenide glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004770 chalcogenides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- YBMRDBCBODYGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium oxide Inorganic materials O=[Ge]=O YBMRDBCBODYGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PVADDRMAFCOOPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxogermanium Chemical compound [Ge]=O PVADDRMAFCOOPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolead Chemical compound [Pb]=O YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940123973 Oxygen scavenger Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Al]=O.[O-][Al]=O XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- AJNVQOSZGJRYEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N digallium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ga+3].[Ga+3] AJNVQOSZGJRYEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N gallic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001195 gallium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 germanate Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007496 glass forming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[La+3].[La+3] MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 206010025482 malaise Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011112 process operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005368 silicate glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- XHGGEBRKUWZHEK-UHFFFAOYSA-L tellurate Chemical compound [O-][Te]([O-])(=O)=O XHGGEBRKUWZHEK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellurium atom Chemical compound [Te] PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Glass Melting And Manufacturing (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model relates to a vacuum melting furnace of infrared glass, which structurally comprises an upper furnace body and a lower furnace body which are mutually independent and can be communicated, separated and closed as required, so that vacuum melting of the infrared glass is achieved in the upper furnace body, and an influence of environment moisture is isolated thoroughly; a vacuum negative pressure environment is utilized to promote hydroxy separation in a structure, so that hydroxy removal in the glass is achieved; and normal pressure discharge of an infrared glass melt is performed in the lower furnace body, so that a forming requirement of a large-size and irregular infrared glass product can be met. The utility model further provides a founding system of the infrared glass. The vacuum melting furnace of the infrared glass can obtain the infrared glass with good spectrum permeability, can effectively improve the performance stability and the optical homogeneity of the infrared glass, and facilitates forming preparation of the large-size and irregular infrared glass product.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of vacuum melting stove of infrared glass and founds system, belongs to infrared glass and founds technical field.
Background technology
Infrared glass has good optical homogeneity, higher physical strength and surface hardness, the features such as preparation and fabrication process is simple, cost of manufacture is low, thereby can be used in moulding and the processing of the large sizes such as the above bore head-shield of diameter 300mm, optical window and special-shaped infrared device, and be applicable to infrared dome and the detection window etc. as various guided missiles, gondola.Current infrared glass mainly comprises the nonoxide glasses such as silica glass, silicate glass, bismuth germanate glass, tellurate glass, calcium aluminate glass and chalcogenide glass.But infrared glass, in the process of preparation, is very easily subject to the pollution of Environmental Water, thereby its infrared transmission performance is reduced, thereby the moisture of how eliminating in glass preparation process become the key that obtains high quality infrared glass.
In prior art, Chinese patent literature CN103232161A discloses a kind of preparation method of Ge-Sb-Se chalcogenide infrared glass and the atmosphere protection device for the method.The preparation of this infrared glass comprises the steps: (1) preparation admixtion: Ge, Sb, Se frit and oxygen scavenger are mixed to form to admixtion, carry out pre-treatment; (2) fusing for the first time: this admixtion is melted and obtains the first glass metal under vacuum, 850 DEG C of-900 DEG C of conditions, then this first glass metal lowered the temperature and carry out quenching, form glass grog; (3) fusing for the second time: in glass grog immigration atmosphere protection preparation facilities, founding chambers temp rising is 650 DEG C-750 DEG C, starts to stir to make the abundant homogenizing of described glass grog form the second glass metal; After cooling, make standing for some time of the second glass metal can be used for leaking material moulding.Further, the above-mentioned atmosphere protection device for the method, comprise: (1) body of heater, this body of heater is by founding chamber and forming room forms, this chamber of founding is airtight and is positioned at forming room top, this founds indoor quartz crucible, agitator and the temperature thermocouple being provided with for holding glass melt, and this crucible bottom is provided with Lou expects that pipe and the two outside are equipped with heating unit and thermal insulation layer, and this leakage material pipe below is forming room; This agitator stretches into quartz crucible inside; This temperature thermocouple stretches into quartz crucible inside and is positioned at glass melt top; In this forming room, be provided with forming mould and can heat and the temperature control unit of temperature control this forming mould; (2) vacuum extractor, it is tightly connected by pipeline and this chamber of founding; (3) atmosphere generates and pressure control system, and it is tightly connected by pipeline and this chamber of founding.Aforesaid method is by vacuumizing to get rid of the air in furnace chamber; pass into afterwards rare gas element and under the protection of this rare gas element, carry out the fusing of non-oxidized substance chalcogenide glass; thereby be conducive to prevent that chalcogenide infrared glass is oxidized in melting process; but; aforesaid method and device are unwell to the preparation of the oxide compound such as germanate, aluminate infrared glass; can not effectively eliminate moisture in glass structure by vacuum melting, and then be difficult to prepare high-quality infrared glass.
Utility model content
Technical problem to be solved in the utility model is that the vacuum melt method and apparatus of infrared glass in prior art can not effectively be eliminated the moisture in glass structure, and then be difficult to prepare high-quality infrared glass, thereby provide a kind of for the preparation of have good infrared transmission performance infrared glass vacuum melting stove and found system.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A vacuum melting stove for infrared glass, comprising:
Body of heater, comprises upper furnace body and the lower furnace body that is positioned at described upper furnace body below, and the bottom of described upper furnace body is connected by communicating passage with the top of described lower furnace body, and described body of heater is provided with closed fire door, on the sidewall of described body of heater, is provided with heating element;
Vacuum extractor, is connected with described upper furnace body and described lower furnace body respectively;
Crucible, is arranged in described body of heater;
Lifting device, is connected setting with described crucible, is suitable for driving described crucible in body of heater, to carry out up-and-down movement; Wherein, the size of described communicating passage is suitable for described crucible and passes through;
Agitator, is arranged in described upper furnace body, and in described crucible rises to described upper furnace body time, described agitator is suitable for stretching in described crucible and stirs;
On described connecting passage, be provided with for by described upper furnace body and the isolated push-pull valve of lower furnace body, on described lower furnace body, be provided with inflation inlet.
Inner side, furnace wall at described upper furnace body is provided with heating element, is provided with lower heating element in the inner side, furnace wall of described lower furnace body, in described upper furnace body and described lower furnace body, is provided with thermopair.
Described vacuum extractor is connected with described upper furnace body by upper pipeline, is connected with described lower furnace body by lower pipeline, is provided with vacuum valve on described on pipeline, on described lower pipeline, is provided with lower vacuum valve.
Described upper heating element and lower heating element all adopt resistance heater, and described resistance heater is connected with three-phase power supply system by copper electrode; Described lower heating element is high temperature ferrum-chromium-aluminum heating wire.
The outside of heating element is also provided with thermoscreen on described.
The system of founding of infrared glass, comprises normal pressure smelting furnace and described vacuum melting stove.
Adopt described system to carry out the method that infrared glass is founded, it comprises the steps:
(1) take various frits, mix and make glass batch, described glass batch is placed in to normal pressure smelting furnace, be fused into liquid glass liquid in condition of normal pressure, described glass metal obtains vacuum melting infrared glass grog through cooling, pulverizing;
(2) fire door of unlatching vacuum melting stove, adds described infrared glass grog in crucible;
(3) open push-pull valve, utilize lifting device that described crucible is risen up in upper furnace body, close fire door, utilize vacuum extractor to vacuumize described upper furnace body and lower furnace body, keeping the vacuum tightness in upper furnace body and lower furnace body is 0.1-1Pa;
(4) utilize heating element to heat described upper furnace body, the internal temperature that keeps described upper furnace body is 1300-1400 DEG C, until described infrared glass grog melts completely;
(5), after described infrared glass grog melts completely, turn on agitator, makes described infrared glass homogenizing and clarification;
(6) after completing steps (5), utilize lifting device that crucible is dropped in lower furnace body, close push-pull valve and stop described lower furnace body to vacuumize, open inflation inlet, in described lower furnace body, pass into air, recover to open fire door after normal pressure, take out crucible and carry out normal pressure discharging.
In described step (6), utilize heating element to heat described lower furnace body, the internal temperature that keeps described lower furnace body is 800-1200 DEG C.
In step (4), after described infrared glass grog melts completely, the vacuum tightness in described upper furnace body is increased to 0.001-0.01Pa, temperature is increased to 1400-1600 DEG C, then turn on agitator; In step (6), close after described push-pull valve, then the vacuum tightness of described upper furnace body is returned to 0.1-1Pa.
After normal pressure discharging described in completing steps (6), then infrared glass grog is added in crucible, close fire door, described lower furnace body is vacuumized, maintenance vacuum tightness is 0.1-1Pa; Then repeating step (3)-(6), realize continuously and producing.
Technique scheme of the present utility model has the following advantages compared to existing technology:
(1) the vacuum melting stove of infrared glass described in the utility model, that its structure comprises is separate, can carry out as required upper furnace body and lower furnace body that connected sum cuts off sealing, thereby by realize the vacuum melting of infrared glass in upper furnace body, the thoroughly impact of isolated environment moisture, and utilize negative pressure of vacuum environment to promote the separation of hydroxyl in structure, realize the expeling of hydroxyl in glass structure, thereby really eliminate moisture in glass preparation process to be conducive to prepare high-quality infrared glass; Further, in device described in the utility model, described crucible can move up and down between upper lower furnace body, thus after vacuum melting completes, the crucible that fills infrared glass liquation is moved to lower furnace body, open fire door body of heater is communicated with atmosphere, finally crucible is taken out and carries out normal pressure discharging, thereby be conducive to suppress, the various process operations such as casting, centrifugal forming, and then can meet the needs of the infrared glass product molding of large size, abnormity.Vacuum melt method and apparatus compared to infrared glass in prior art can not effectively be eliminated the moisture in glass preparation process, and then be difficult to prepare high-quality infrared glass, adopt device described in the utility model to carry out the vacuum melt of infrared glass, not only be conducive to obtain the infrared glass with good infrared transmission performance, can also realize as required large size infrared glass goods, and various abnormity is as the preparation of the infrared glass goods such as tabular, ball cover shape, tubular simultaneously.
(2) the vacuum melting stove of infrared glass described in the utility model, adopt resistive heating mode, preferably adopt thermopair as temp measuring system, found compared to infrared glass in prior art the optical temperature measurement device adopting in device, its Uniformity of Temperature Field is poor, in glasswork, easily produce temperature difference striped and crystallization, affect the optical homogeneity of glass, the resistive heating mode adopting in the utility model device, ensure that the temperature in furnace chamber is even, optical homogeneity and the stability of infrared glass are effectively improved, there is thermometric error little, control accuracy advantages of higher, be conducive to found accurate control and the homogeneity control of process temperature.
(3) melting method of infrared glass described in the utility model, by adopting the pre-treatment to infrared glass raw material under normal pressure of normal pressure smelting furnace, effectively avoid powdered glass raw material to take owing to being very easily evacuated device the loss of material causing away in the time carrying out vacuum suction, also eliminate when frit is directly founded under vacuum condition because of splashing that reaction venting acutely causes simultaneously, thereby ensured the final consistence that obtains its composition of glasswork and performance.
(4) melting method of infrared glass described in the utility model, by the infrared glass melt obtaining after vacuum melt is carried out to normal pressure discharging under atmospheric environment, be conducive to meet the needs of large size, the moulding of special-shaped infrared glass glasswork, after being used in conjunction with suitable glass forming die or equipment, can realize the preparation of the large size such as 400 × 400mm size optical window, the above bore ball cover of diameter 300mm and special-shaped infrared glass goods.
Brief description of the drawings
For content of the present utility model is more likely to be clearly understood, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is described in further detail, wherein,
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of infrared glass vacuum melting stove described in the utility model.
In figure, Reference numeral is expressed as: 1-agitator, 2-viewing window, 3-upper furnace body, 4-thermopair, 5-crucible, 6-push-pull valve, 7-lower furnace body, 8-fire door, 9-vacuum charging storehouse, 10-thermoscreen, the upper heating element of 11-, the upper vacuum valve of 12-, 13-vacuum extractor, vacuum valve under 14-, 15-thermopair, heating element under 16-, 17-inflation inlet, 18-lifting device.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The vacuum melting stove of the infrared glass described in the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, its structure comprises:
Body of heater, comprises upper furnace body 3 and the lower furnace body 7 that is positioned at described upper furnace body below, and described upper furnace body and lower furnace body all adopt heat-resistance stainless steel material to make; The bottom of described upper furnace body 3 is connected by communicating passage with the top of described lower furnace body 7, described lower furnace body 7 is provided with closed fire door 8 and inflation inlet 17, on the sidewall of described upper furnace body, be provided with heating element 11, described upper heating element 11 is drawn connection three-phase power supply system by water-cooled copper electrode from body of heater side, its material is refractory metal tungsten, thereby at high temperature life-time service, to ensure the vacuum melting needs of infrared glass;
Vacuum extractor 13, described vacuum extractor is connected with described upper furnace body 3 by upper pipeline, is connected with described lower furnace body 7 by lower pipeline, is provided with vacuum valve 12 on described on pipeline, is provided with lower vacuum valve 14 on described lower pipeline;
Crucible 5, is arranged in described body of heater, and as the embodiment that can select, the material of described crucible 5 can be selected from any in resistant to elevated temperatures stupalith, platinum, platinum rhodium; Be provided with agitator 1 at described upper furnace body 3 tops, described agitator 1 can stretch into described crucible 5 internal rotatings and stirs and can carry out VTOL (vertical take off and landing);
Lifting device 18, is connected setting with described crucible, is suitable for driving described crucible in body of heater, to carry out up-and-down movement; Described lifting device 18 is made up of heat-resistance stainless steel material, its top is provided with circular platform, for support crucible 5, described crucible 5 is placed on described lifting device 18, thus can be by doing vertical displacement movement under the motor driving effect of lower portion of furnace body together with crucible 5;
Wherein, the size of described communicating passage is suitable for described crucible and passes through, on described connecting passage, be provided with for by described upper furnace body 3 and the isolated push-pull valve 6 of lower furnace body 7, described push-pull valve 6 is installed on the centre of described body of heater in order to described body of heater is separated into upper furnace body 3 and lower furnace body 7, and cut off for the connected sum of controlling upper furnace body 3 and lower furnace body 7, connect in open to atmosphere situation thereby can realize at lower furnace body 7, upper furnace body 3 still remains in vacuum state.
Further, also provide a kind of melting method of infrared glass, it comprises the steps:
(1) accurately take following frit: gallium oxide 4.7g, calcium carbonate 4.0kg, barium carbonate 1.2kg, germanium oxide 0.8kg, magnesium oxide 0.5kg, sodium carbonate 0.3kg, after mixing, make gallate infrared glass admixtion, described glass batch is placed in to normal pressure smelting furnace, be fused into liquid glass liquid in condition of normal pressure, described glass metal through cooling, pulverize and obtain infrared glass grog;
(2) fire door 8 of unlatching vacuum melting stove, adds described infrared glass grog in crucible 5;
(3) open push-pull valve 6, utilize lifting device that described crucible 5 is risen up in upper furnace body 3, close fire door 8, utilize vacuum extractor 13 to vacuumize described upper furnace body 3 and lower furnace body 7, keeping the vacuum tightness in upper furnace body and lower furnace body is 0.1Pa;
(4) utilize described upper heating element 11 to heat described upper furnace body 3, the internal temperature that keeps described upper furnace body is 1300 DEG C, until described infrared glass grog melts completely;
(5), after described infrared glass grog melts completely, turn on agitator 1, makes described infrared glass homogenizing and clarification;
(6) after completing steps (5), utilize lifting device 18 that crucible is dropped in lower furnace body 7, close push-pull valve 6 and stop described lower furnace body 7 to vacuumize, open inflation inlet 17, in described lower furnace body 7, pass into air, recover to open fire door 8 after normal pressure, take out crucible 5 and carry out normal pressure discharging.
Embodiment 2
The vacuum melting stove of the infrared glass described in the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 2, its structure comprises:
Body of heater, comprises upper furnace body 3 and the lower furnace body 7 that is positioned at described upper furnace body below, and described upper furnace body and lower furnace body all adopt heat-resistance stainless steel material to make; The bottom of described upper furnace body 3 is connected by communicating passage with the top of described lower furnace body 7, described lower furnace body 7 is provided with closed fire door 8 and inflation inlet 17, on the sidewall of described upper furnace body, be provided with charging opening, viewing window 2 and upper heating element 11, be connected with vacuum charging storehouse 9 with described charging opening; On the sidewall of described lower furnace body 7, be provided with lower heating element 16, in described upper furnace body and described lower furnace body, be provided with Wolfram rhenium heat electric couple, described thermopair has the function from room temperature to high temperature whole process accurate temperature controlling;
Described upper heating element 11 and described lower heating element are by water-cooled copper electrode draws connection three-phase power supply system from body of heater side, the material of described upper heating element be can be at 1400 DEG C the refractory metal molybdenum of life-time service, described lower heating element 16 is high temperature ferrum-chromium-aluminum heating wire; The outside of heating element 11 is also provided with thermoscreen 10 on described, and the multilayered structure that described thermoscreen 10 is made up of refractory metal sheet, in can under vacuum environment, the thermal radiation reflection of upper heating element 11 being melted down, has improved heating efficiency;
Vacuum extractor 13, described vacuum extractor is connected with described upper furnace body 3 by upper pipeline, is connected with described lower furnace body 7 by lower pipeline, is provided with vacuum valve 12 on described on pipeline, is provided with lower vacuum valve 14 on described lower pipeline;
Crucible 5, is arranged in described body of heater, and as the embodiment that can select, the material of described crucible 5 can be selected from any in resistant to elevated temperatures stupalith, platinum, platinum rhodium; Be provided with agitator 1 at described upper furnace body 3 tops, described agitator 1 can stretch into described crucible 5 internal rotatings and stirs and can carry out VTOL (vertical take off and landing);
Lifting device 18, is connected setting with described crucible, is suitable for driving described crucible in body of heater, to carry out up-and-down movement; Described lifting device 18 is made up of heat-resistance stainless steel material, its top is provided with circular platform, for support crucible 5, described crucible 5 is placed on described lifting device 18, thus can be by doing vertical displacement movement under the motor driving effect of lower portion of furnace body together with crucible 5;
Wherein, the size of described communicating passage is suitable for described crucible and passes through, on described connecting passage, be provided with for by described upper furnace body 3 and the isolated push-pull valve 6 of lower furnace body 7, described push-pull valve 6 is installed on the centre of described body of heater in order to described body of heater is separated into upper furnace body 3 and lower furnace body 7, and cut off for the connected sum of controlling upper furnace body 3 and lower furnace body 7, connect in open to atmosphere situation thereby can realize at lower furnace body 7, upper furnace body 3 still remains in vacuum state.
For ensureing the normal operating conditions of equipment, described upper furnace body, lower furnace body and lifting device are all arranged to sandwich structure, and its inside is connected with cooling circulating water, so that whole body of heater is lowered the temperature, wherein, the range hydraulic pressure of described cooling circulating water is 0.1Mpa, and the temperature of cooling circulating water is no more than 40 DEG C.
Further, also provide a kind of melting method of infrared glass, it comprises the steps:
(1) accurately take following frit: germanium oxide 5.5kg, aluminum oxide 2.6kg, plumbous oxide 1.8kg, barium carbonate 0.8kg, titanium oxide 0.5kg, sodium carbonate 0.4kg, after mixing, make germanate infrared glass admixtion, described glass batch is placed in to normal pressure smelting furnace, be fused into liquid glass liquid in condition of normal pressure, described glass metal through cooling, pulverize and obtain infrared glass grog;
(2) fire door 8 of unlatching vacuum melting stove, adds described infrared glass grog in crucible 5;
(3) open push-pull valve 6, utilize lifting device that described crucible 5 is risen up in upper furnace body 3, close fire door 8, utilize vacuum extractor 13 to vacuumize described upper furnace body 3 and lower furnace body 7, keeping the vacuum tightness in upper furnace body and lower furnace body is 1Pa;
(4) utilize described upper heating element 11 to heat described upper furnace body 3, the internal temperature that keeps described upper furnace body is 1400 DEG C, until described infrared glass grog melts completely; Do not add the glass grog of crucible after raw material fusing completely, to add several times by vacuum charging storehouse 9 in crucible, until raw material all melts;
Also adopt described lower heating element 16 to heat described lower furnace body 7 simultaneously, the temperature that keeps described lower furnace body inside is 800 DEG C, thereby can in the time that the discharging stage, crucible dropped to lower furnace body, be incubated crucible and glass, effectively avoid connecting after atmosphere in discharging process glass temperature fall excessive, and the too low viscosity rise that will cause of glass temperature, should not pour out moulding, the too low devitrification of glass devitrification that also can cause of temperature, affects spectral transmittance in addition;
(5) after described infrared glass grog melts completely, the vacuum tightness in described upper furnace body is increased to 0.001Pa, temperature is increased to 1400 DEG C, and turn on agitator 1 makes described infrared glass homogenizing and clarification;
(6) after completing steps (5), utilize lifting device 18 that crucible is dropped in lower furnace body 7, close the vacuum tightness of upper furnace body described in push-pull valve 6 and return to 0.1Pa, and stop described lower furnace body 7 to vacuumize, open inflation inlet 17, in described lower furnace body 7, pass into air, recover to open fire door 8 after normal pressure, take out crucible 5 and carry out normal pressure discharging; After normal pressure is finished dealing with, infrared glass grog is added in crucible, close fire door, described lower furnace body is vacuumized, keeping vacuum tightness is 0.1Pa; Then repeating step (3)-(6), realize continuously and producing.
Embodiment 3
The vacuum melting stove of the infrared glass described in the present embodiment, its structure comprises:
Body of heater, comprises upper furnace body 3 and the lower furnace body 7 that is positioned at described upper furnace body below, and described upper furnace body and lower furnace body all adopt heat-resistance stainless steel material to make; The bottom of described upper furnace body 3 is connected by communicating passage with the top of described lower furnace body 7, described lower furnace body 7 is provided with closed fire door 8 and inflation inlet 17, on the sidewall of described upper furnace body, be provided with charging opening, viewing window 2 and upper heating element 11, be connected with vacuum charging storehouse 9 with described charging opening; On the sidewall of described lower furnace body 7, be provided with lower heating element 16, in described upper furnace body and described lower furnace body, be provided with Wolfram rhenium heat electric couple, described thermopair has the function from room temperature to high temperature whole process accurate temperature controlling;
Described upper heating element 11 and described lower heating element are by water-cooled copper electrode draws connection three-phase power supply system from body of heater side, the material of described upper heating element be can be at 1600 DEG C the refractory metal molybdenum of life-time service, described lower heating element 16 is high temperature ferrum-chromium-aluminum heating wire; The outside of heating element 11 is also provided with thermoscreen 10 on described, and the multilayered structure that described thermoscreen 10 is made up of refractory metal sheet, in can under vacuum environment, the thermal radiation reflection of upper heating element 11 being melted down, has improved heating efficiency;
Vacuum extractor 13, described vacuum extractor is connected with described upper furnace body 3 by upper pipeline, is connected with described lower furnace body 7 by lower pipeline, is provided with vacuum valve 12 on described on pipeline, is provided with lower vacuum valve 14 on described lower pipeline;
Crucible 5, is arranged in described body of heater, and as the embodiment that can select, the material of described crucible 5 can be selected from any in resistant to elevated temperatures stupalith, platinum, platinum rhodium; Be provided with agitator 1 at described upper furnace body 3 tops, described agitator 1 can stretch into described crucible 5 internal rotatings and stirs and can carry out VTOL (vertical take off and landing);
Lifting device 18, is connected setting with described crucible, is suitable for driving described crucible in body of heater, to carry out up-and-down movement; Described lifting device 18 is made up of heat-resistance stainless steel material, its top is provided with circular platform, for support crucible 5, described crucible 5 is placed on described lifting device 18, thus can be by doing vertical displacement movement under the motor driving effect of lower portion of furnace body together with crucible 5;
Wherein, the size of described communicating passage is suitable for described crucible and passes through, on described connecting passage, be provided with for by described upper furnace body 3 and the isolated push-pull valve 6 of lower furnace body 7, described push-pull valve 6 is installed on the centre of described body of heater in order to described body of heater is separated into upper furnace body 3 and lower furnace body 7, and cut off for the connected sum of controlling upper furnace body 3 and lower furnace body 7, connect in open to atmosphere situation thereby can realize at lower furnace body 7, upper furnace body 3 still remains in vacuum state.
For ensureing the normal operating conditions of equipment, described upper furnace body, lower furnace body and lifting device are all arranged to sandwich structure, and its inside is connected with cooling circulating water, so that whole body of heater is lowered the temperature, wherein, the range hydraulic pressure of described cooling circulating water is 0.3Mpa, and the temperature of cooling circulating water is no more than 40 DEG C.
Further, also provide a kind of melting method of infrared glass, it comprises the steps:
(1) accurately take following frit: calcium carbonate 4.5kg, aluminum oxide 4.4kg, barium carbonate 1.6kg, tellurium oxide 0.8kg, lanthanum trioxide 0.4kg, magnesium oxide 0.5kg, after mixing, make aluminate infrared glass admixtion, described glass batch is placed in to normal pressure smelting furnace, be fused into liquid glass liquid in condition of normal pressure, described glass metal through cooling, pulverize and obtain infrared glass grog;
(2) fire door 8 of unlatching vacuum melting stove, adds described infrared glass grog in crucible 5;
(3) open push-pull valve 6, utilize lifting device that described crucible 5 is risen up in upper furnace body 3, close fire door 8, utilize vacuum extractor 13 to vacuumize described upper furnace body 3 and lower furnace body 7, keeping the vacuum tightness in upper furnace body and lower furnace body is 1Pa;
(4) utilize described upper heating element 11 to heat described upper furnace body 3, the internal temperature that keeps described upper furnace body is 1400 DEG C, until described infrared glass grog melts completely; Do not add the glass grog of crucible after raw material fusing completely, to add several times by vacuum charging storehouse 9 in crucible, until raw material all melts;
Also adopt described lower heating element 16 to heat described lower furnace body 7 simultaneously, the temperature that keeps described lower furnace body inside is 1200 DEG C, thereby can in the time that the discharging stage, crucible dropped to lower furnace body, be incubated crucible and glass, effectively avoid connecting after atmosphere in discharging process glass temperature fall excessive, and the too low viscosity rise that will cause of glass temperature, should not pour out moulding, the too low devitrification of glass devitrification that also can cause of temperature, affects spectral transmittance in addition;
(5) after described infrared glass grog melts completely, the vacuum tightness in described upper furnace body is increased to 0.01Pa, temperature is increased to 1600 DEG C, and turn on agitator 1 makes described infrared glass homogenizing and clarification;
(6) after completing steps (5), utilize lifting device 18 that crucible is dropped in lower furnace body 7, close the vacuum tightness of upper furnace body described in push-pull valve 6 and return to 1Pa, and stop described lower furnace body 7 to vacuumize, open inflation inlet 17, in described lower furnace body 7, pass into air, recover to open fire door 8 after normal pressure, take out crucible 5 and carry out normal pressure discharging; After normal pressure is finished dealing with, infrared glass grog is added in crucible, close fire door, described lower furnace body is vacuumized, keeping vacuum tightness is 1Pa; Then repeating step (3)-(6), realize continuously and producing.
Obviously, above-described embodiment is only for example is clearly described, and the not restriction to embodiment.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description.Here without also giving exhaustive to all embodiments.And the apparent variation of being extended out thus or variation are still among protection domain of the present utility model.
Claims (6)
1. a vacuum melting stove for infrared glass, comprising:
Body of heater, comprises upper furnace body and the lower furnace body that is positioned at described upper furnace body below, and the bottom of described upper furnace body is connected by communicating passage with the top of described lower furnace body, and described body of heater is provided with closed fire door, on the sidewall of described body of heater, is provided with heating element;
Vacuum extractor, is connected with described upper furnace body and described lower furnace body respectively;
Crucible, is arranged in described body of heater; Lifting device, is connected setting with described crucible, is suitable for driving described crucible in body of heater, to carry out up-and-down movement; Wherein, the size of described communicating passage is suitable for described crucible and passes through;
Agitator, is arranged in described upper furnace body, and in described crucible rises to described upper furnace body time, described agitator is suitable for stretching in described crucible and stirs;
It is characterized in that,
On described connecting passage, be provided with for by described upper furnace body and the isolated push-pull valve of lower furnace body, on described lower furnace body, be provided with inflation inlet.
2. the vacuum melting stove of infrared glass according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, inner side, furnace wall at described upper furnace body is provided with heating element, is provided with lower heating element in the inner side, furnace wall of described lower furnace body, in described upper furnace body and described lower furnace body, is provided with thermopair.
3. the vacuum melting stove of infrared glass according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, described vacuum extractor is connected with described upper furnace body by upper pipeline, be connected with described lower furnace body by lower pipeline, on pipeline, be provided with vacuum valve on described, on described lower pipeline, be provided with lower vacuum valve.
4. the vacuum melting stove of infrared glass according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described upper heating element and lower heating element all adopt resistance heater, and described resistance heater is connected with three-phase power supply system by copper electrode, and described lower heating element is high temperature ferrum-chromium-aluminum heating wire.
5. the vacuum melting stove of infrared glass according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the outside of heating element is also provided with thermoscreen on described.
6. the system of founding of infrared glass, comprises the arbitrary described vacuum melting stove of normal pressure smelting furnace and claim 1-5.
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| CN201420129013.4U CN203741207U (en) | 2014-03-20 | 2014-03-20 | Vacuum melting furnace and founding system of infrared glass |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103951158A (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2014-07-30 | 中国建筑材料科学研究总院 | Infrared glass vacuum melting furnace, melting system and melting method |
| CN106500502A (en) * | 2016-11-12 | 2017-03-15 | 沈阳广泰真空科技有限公司 | A kind of semicontinuous dual chamber vacuum high temperature furnace |
| CN106610218A (en) * | 2015-10-26 | 2017-05-03 | 陕西华银科技有限公司 | Vertical type large-capacity high-efficiency medium-frequency furnace and production method thereof |
-
2014
- 2014-03-20 CN CN201420129013.4U patent/CN203741207U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103951158A (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2014-07-30 | 中国建筑材料科学研究总院 | Infrared glass vacuum melting furnace, melting system and melting method |
| US9302927B2 (en) | 2014-03-20 | 2016-04-05 | China Building Materials Academy | Vacuum melting furnace for infrared glass and melting system and method thereof |
| CN106610218A (en) * | 2015-10-26 | 2017-05-03 | 陕西华银科技有限公司 | Vertical type large-capacity high-efficiency medium-frequency furnace and production method thereof |
| CN106610218B (en) * | 2015-10-26 | 2020-03-13 | 陕西华银科技股份有限公司 | Vertical high-capacity efficient intermediate frequency furnace and production method thereof |
| CN106500502A (en) * | 2016-11-12 | 2017-03-15 | 沈阳广泰真空科技有限公司 | A kind of semicontinuous dual chamber vacuum high temperature furnace |
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