CN203719989U - Vacuum saturated clay sample preparation device - Google Patents
Vacuum saturated clay sample preparation device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN203719989U CN203719989U CN201420049420.4U CN201420049420U CN203719989U CN 203719989 U CN203719989 U CN 203719989U CN 201420049420 U CN201420049420 U CN 201420049420U CN 203719989 U CN203719989 U CN 203719989U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- vacuum
- sample
- sample preparation
- wall
- pipe
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Landscapes
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses a vacuum saturated clay sample preparation device. The vacuum sample preparation device comprises a sample preparation unit and at least one vacuumizing device, wherein the vacuumizing device comprises a water storage tank and a vacuum pump; the vacuum pump is communicated with the water storage tank by a pressure pipe; the sample preparation device is in a double-layered barrel structure and comprises an outer wall, an inner wall which forms an integral structure with the outer wall, and a sealing cover; a reversed filtering layer cavity is formed between the outer wall and the inner wall; a soil sample cavity is defined by the inner wall; a movable sealing piston is arranged at the upper part of the soil sample cavity; water filtering holes are formed in the middle lower part of the inner wall; the reversed filtering layer cavity is internally provided with a reversed filtering layer and at least three water filtering pipes; the water filtering pipes are communicated with a water filtering tank by pressure pipes and are provided with a plurality of circular holes; the water storage tank is provided with a vacuum gauge; the sample preparation unit is provided with a valve. The sample preparation device disclosed by the utility model is light in structure and convenient to operate and can be repeatedly utilized; a prepared test sample is good in uniformity and high in saturation degree and the sample preparation time is shortened.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of geotechnological experimental technique, relates in particular to a kind of preparation facilities of indoor saturated clay sample.
Background technology
The engineering problem that the response of saturated clay under environmental change and external load effect causes is very outstanding, by experimental study, rationally determine that characteristics of deformation and strength and the engineering parameter thereof of saturated clay is one of key issue in engineering construction on clay ground.Conventionally obtain the cost of intact clay sample larger; and there are many problems in soil test and in analyzing; it is mainly soil sample composition heterogeneity; comparability is poor; and be generally difficult to obtain saturated soil sample; when test, need to carry out application of vacuum to sample and make it saturated, be difficult to reflection through the sample of so processing actual, and for actual unsaturation soil sample at present no matter experimental technique still calculate theoretical aspect still in the exploratory stage.Therefore, to utilizing the soil sample research experiment of the artificial preparation of laboratory sample technology of preparing, be, a kind of approach of exploring at present the characteristics of deformation and strength of saturated clay.
Currently used saturated clay sample making technology mainly contains two kinds: (1) mud fixed sample preparation method that pressurizes: the method is exerted pressure by air press, soil sample is carried out fixed, draining continues 74hr always, is then expressed in thin-wall stainless steel bucket, keeps water percentage storage by sealing with wax.Mainly there is following shortcoming in this method for making sample adopting: 1. loading equipment is heavier, and can not prepare the soil sample that volume is larger, otherwise can not ensure fixed homogeneity.2. operate more complicated, the bubble that enters mud in operation is difficult for discharging, and the degree of saturation of soil sample is difficult for meeting the demands.(2) vacuum preloading sample preparation method: " marine traffic engineering " middle prosperous grade of Yan Shu of the 12nd phase document " application of Preparing Soil Sample Made by Indoor Vacuum Pre-stressing " in 1997 has designed indoor vacuum preloading clay method for making sample, its advantage is, compared with mud pressurization concretion method, consolidation time shortens, can prepare more even sample, in mud, gas is relatively easily extracted out.And its shortcoming is, 1., due to the about 80kPa of vacuum tightness, the gas in mud is difficult to extract out completely, and the degree of saturation of made soil sample is not high; 2. pumping equipment is only placed in mud top, can not prepare the soil sample that thickness is larger, otherwise soil sample is fixed by inhomogeneous, and termination of pumping in sample making course, and oozing under water to bottom in mud easily causes Water Content Tests in Soil Samples difference larger.3. prepared soil sample can not directly be used in experimental machine, and need adopt soil sample barrel sampling and cause disturbance.
Utility model content
The technical problems to be solved in the utility model is to provide that a kind of structure is light and handy, easy to operate, sample preparation last short, degree of saturation is high and the vacuum sample making device of the saturated clay that can reuse.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, technical solution adopted in the utility model is: a kind of vacuum sample making device of saturated clay, and its gordian technique is: it comprises sample preparation device and at least a set of vacuum extractor; Described vacuum extractor comprises catch basin and vacuum pump, and described vacuum pump is communicated with catch basin through force pipe, and described catch basin is communicated with sample preparation device through force pipe;
Described sample preparation device is pair of lamina tube structure, inwall and gland bonnet that it comprises outer wall, is structure as a whole with outer wall, the cavity forming between described outer wall and inwall is loaded filter cavity, the cavity being surrounded by inwall is soil sample chamber, the top in described soil sample chamber is provided with movably packed-piston, and the middle and lower part of described inwall is provided with treatment hole;
In described loaded filter cavity, be provided with loaded filter, be provided with at least 3 cover filter pipes in loaded filter cavity, described filter pipe is communicated with drainage trap through force pipe, and described filter pipe is provided with multiple circular holes;
Described catch basin is provided with vacuum meter, above described sample preparation device, is provided with valve.
Preferably, described loaded filter is made up of internal layer and skin, and internal layer is the coarse sand of diameter 1 ~ 2mm, and the mass ratio of 1 ~ 1.5mm and 1.5 ~ 2mm coarse sand is 2:1; Skin is the gravel of diameter 2 ~ 3mm, and the mass ratio of 2 ~ 2.5mm and 2.5 ~ 3mm gravel is 1:1.
Preferably, described filter pipe is around inwall and be close to outer wall 3 covers are set from top to bottom.Upper, middle and lower three are overlapped filter pipe and are respectively 150 ㎜, 75 ㎜, 0 ㎜ apart from the distance of gland bonnet;
Described filter pipe is pvc pipe or steel pipe, and diameter is 20mm, and the diameter of described circular hole is 1mm, and described circular hole is 10mm along pipe range direction spacing, and hoop interval angle is 45 °.
Preferably, described vacuum extractor arranges 2 covers, and 3 cover filter pipe both sides are respectively communicated with the force pipe of catch basin band valve respectively by a four-way.
Preferably, described treatment hole is the circular hole of equally distributed diameter 0.8mm, and treatment hole is 2mm along the short transverse spacing in soil sample chamber, and hoop interval angle is 15 °.
The method for making sample of above-described sample preparation device is as follows:
(1) preparation mud
The water percentage of the mud of preparation is at 1.2 ~ 2.5 times of liquid limit, get study area clay or manually prepare clay, after being dried, being pulverized, cross geotechnique's sieve of 1mm, remove the larger foreign material such as stone, tree root of particle, add a certain amount of water soaking after 3 ~ 5 days, stir with stirring machine, be mixed with the mud that water percentage is suitable;
The computing method that add quality are by formula:
calculate,
In formula
m w for the quality adding water;
m s for the quality of oven-dried soil;
w lfor the liquid limit of clay;
(2) connecting line
Force pipe in sample preparation device and catch basin, vacuum pump, sample preparation device are connected, keep pipeline unimpeded;
(3) layout of sample preparation device
Sample preparation device is inverted, in loaded filter cavity, is placed loaded filter, the cylinder that geotextile is made is close to soil sample chamber wall, is placed in soil sample chamber, pours the mud preparing into, tightens the gland bonnet of bottom; Then sample preparation device is just put, opened valve, fill clear water to loaded filter cavity, and record pours into the volume of clear water; Then open vacuum pump and start to aspirate sample preparation, when suction is stablized, vacuum meter remains on 97 ± 2kPa, aspirates and within 3 ~ 5 days, can be made into required sample;
(4) cut into sample
After suction finishes, open valve, turn on the gland bonnet of bottom, sample is taken out together with geotextile from soil sample chamber, soil sample is cut into required sample on three axle cutters, can carry out geotechnique's test; Meanwhile, utilize the soil of the different parts machining away, carry out water cut test, whether duplicate is even, and whether saturation degree reaches requirement
(5) repeat sample preparation
Except " placing loaded filter 5 in loaded filter cavity 7 " this step operation, complete other operations in above-mentioned steps (3), can utilize sample preparation device to repeat to prepare saturated clay sample.
The beneficial effect that adopts technique scheme to produce is: the utility model utilizes loaded filter principle and the design of negative pressure of vacuum suction method, specifically possesses following advantage:
(1) sample preparation device structure is light and handy, and convenient operation can reuse; In the utility model, the general assembly (TW) of sample preparation device+mud+loaded filter is less than 40kg, singlely can complete sample preparation work.Compare with mud pressurization concretion method and the vacuum preloading sample preparation method of preparing saturated clay in the past, structure is light and handy, handled easily, and without reinstalling loaded filter, repeating step (3) can repeat sample preparation;
(2) prepared sample good uniformity, saturation degree is high; Because the mud to mix is as the starting material of sample preparation, and the method sample preparation that adopts negative pressure of vacuum to aspirate, the bubble in sample, even the bubble in water can be extracted out, causes the saturation degree of sample high and very even.
(3) sample preparation time shorten, and the cylindrical sample of preparation can be directly used in soil test through cutting;
Vacuum draw method was prepared sample in the past, and time that aspiration procedure need to approximately 10 days, and current sample making technology only needs 3 ~ 5 days, little and used at least 3 around soil sample filter pipe suction around mainly due to soil sample cavity volume, suction effect is good.And preparation sample remove behind two ends, can directly be put on sample preparation device and cut.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present utility model;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the utility model sample preparation device;
Fig. 3 is the schematic top plan view of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation in the utility model soil sample chamber;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of filter pipe;
Wherein, 1, vacuum pump; 2, catch basin; 3, force pipe; 4, inwall; 5, loaded filter; 6, outer wall; 7, loaded filter cavity; 8, valve; 9, filter pipe; 10, treatment hole; 11, packed-piston; 12, gland bonnet; 13, soil sample chamber; 14, vacuum meter.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the utility model is described in further detail.
Referring to accompanying drawing 1-5, the utility model comprises sample preparation device and 2 cover vacuum extractors; Described vacuum extractor comprises catch basin 2 and vacuum pump 1, and described vacuum pump 1 is communicated with catch basin 2 through force pipe, and described catch basin 2 is communicated with sample preparation device through force pipe;
Described sample preparation device is the double-layer barrel structure that adopts stainless steel to make, inwall 4 and gland bonnet 12 that it comprises outer wall 6, is structure as a whole with outer wall 6, between described outer wall 6 and inwall 4, leave cavity, the cavity forming between described outer wall 6 and inwall 4 is loaded filter cavity 7, the circular cavity being surrounded by inwall 4 is soil sample chamber 13, the top in described soil sample chamber 13 is provided with movably packed-piston 11, and the middle and lower part of described inwall 4 is provided with treatment hole 10; In loaded filter cavity, 7 are provided with three cover filter pipes 9, described filter pipe 9 is close to the 7 outer wall settings of loaded filter cavity, and it is around inwall, it is embedded in loaded filter 5, the upper and lower layout of three cover filter pipes 9, wherein upper, middle and lower three are overlapped filter pipe and are respectively 150 ㎜, 75 ㎜, 0 ㎜ apart from the distance of gland bonnet 12, and the filter pipe 9 of a set of, two covers or other numbers can be set certainly as required.
The both sides of three cover filter pipes 9 arrange respectively a four-way, after confluxing, are communicated with catch basin 2 by force pipe, and valve is installed on force pipe.Described filter pipe 9 is provided with multiple circular holes; Described catch basin 2 is provided with vacuum meter 14, is provided with valve 8 above described sample preparation device.
When making, sample preparation device adopts stainless steel to make (also can adopt other materials), its physical dimension diameter × height × wall thickness=300mm × 300mm × 3mm, inside is separated by inwall 4, be divided into loaded filter cavity 7 and soil sample chamber 2 parts, this 2 part is communicated with by treatment hole 10, and revolving gland bonnet 12 is arranged at bottom.In loaded filter cavity 7, be placed with loaded filter 5 and filter pipe 9, the interior placement in soil sample chamber 13 need to be prepared the mud of sample.Soil sample chamber 13 structures are as shown in accompanying drawing 2,3 and 4, and it is cylindrical cavity, its diameter × height × wall thickness=150mm × 300mm × 3mm, and the first half is the inwall moving for movable type sealed piston 11, Lower Half is the inwall that has treatment hole 10.Treatment hole 10 is the circular hole of equally distributed diameter 0.8mm, and circular hole is 2mm along the axial direction spacing in soil sample chamber 13, and hoop interval angle is 15 °.
Described filter pipe 9 is pvc pipe or steel pipe, diameter is 20mm, is uniformly distributed the circular hole (also can be the hole of other shapes) of diameter 1mm on pipe, and circular hole is 10mm along pipe range direction spacing, hoop interval angle is 45 °, and the hoop interval angle here refers to the circumferential angle along filter pipe 9.Filter pipe 9 is designed to ring-type, is close to the outer wall of loaded filter cavity 7.3 cover filter pipe 9 positions apart from pot bottom be respectively 0,75,150mm, be embedded in loaded filter 5.
In described loaded filter cavity, 7 are provided with loaded filter 5, and described loaded filter 5 is made up of internal layer and skin, and it is sand, the gravel of 1 ~ 3mm that loaded filter 5 uses diameter.When making, being rolled into diameter with cardboard is 22.5mm tubular, is placed on loaded filter cavity 7 middle parts, the coarse sand of 1 ~ 2mm is placed between soil sample chamber 13 and paper web, form internal layer, the sandy gravel of 2 ~ 3mm is placed on to formation skin between paper web and sample preparation device outer wall, and then cardboard volume is released.
When use, it is 2 of the products of 2XZ-2 type that described vacuum pump can adopt model; Described catch basin arranges 2, and rectangular parallelepiped adopts poly (methyl methacrylate) plate to be processed to form, length × wide × height × wall thickness=300mm × 200mm × 150mm × 10mm; Described force pipe is PVC transparent hose, internal diameter 6mm, and wall thickness 2-5mm, working pressure 0.5-1.5MPa, market is on sale; Described vacuum meter is Z-150 type, and market is on sale.
Adopt the method for making sample of the above sample preparation device as follows:
(1) liquid limit, water percentage, density and the proportion of mensuration clay.
(2) preparation mud
Preparation method for slurry: the mud of preparation should not be crossed rare or feeding-up, the water percentage of general mud is proper 1.2 ~ 2.5 times of liquid limit.Can get study area clay, also can manually prepare clay, for example, get the cohesive soil in a certain area
,after being dried, pulverizing, cross geotechnique's sieve of 1mm, remove the larger foreign material such as stone, tree root of particle, then weigh and obtain
m s , add a certain amount of water soaking after 3 ~ 5 days, stir with stirring machine, be mixed with the mud that water percentage is suitable.The computing method that add quality are by formula:
, in formula
m w -be the quality adding water;
m s -be the quality of oven-dried soil;
w l-be the liquid limit of clay.
(3) connecting line
According to Fig. 1, force pipe is connected with catch basin, vacuum pump, sample preparation device, vacuum meter is installed, open pipe valve, keep pipeline unimpeded.
(4) layout of sample preparation device
Sample preparation device is inverted, is placed loaded filter 5 in loaded filter cavity 7, the cylinder that geotextile (its thickness is less than 1mm, and effect is better) is made is close to soil sample chamber wall, is placed in soil sample chamber 13, pours the mud preparing into, tightens the gland bonnet 12 of bottom.Then sample preparation device is just put, opened valve 8, fill clear water to loaded filter cavity 7, and record pours into the volume of clear water.Then open vacuum pump 1 and start to aspirate sample preparation, when suction is stablized, vacuum meter 14 remains on 97 ± 2kPa, aspirates and within 3 ~ 5 days, can be made into required sample;
(5) cut into sample
After suction finishes, open valve 8, turn on the gland bonnet 12 of bottom, sample is taken out together with geotextile from soil sample chamber 13, ream soil sample two ends with fret-saw, then on three axle cutters, cut into required sample, can carry out geotechnique and test.Meanwhile, utilize the soil of the different parts machining away, carry out water cut test, whether duplicate is even, and whether saturation degree reaches requirement.
(6) repeat sample preparation
Except " placing loaded filter 5 in loaded filter cavity 7 " operation, repeat other operations in the above step 3, can utilize sample preparation device to repeat to prepare saturated clay sample.
To the above-mentioned explanation of the disclosed embodiments, make professional and technical personnel in the field can realize or use the utility model.To be apparent for those skilled in the art to the multiple amendment of these embodiment, General Principle as defined herein can, in the situation that not departing from spirit or scope of the present utility model, realize in other embodiments.Therefore, the utility model will can not be restricted to these embodiment shown in this article, but will meet the widest scope consistent with principle disclosed herein and features of novelty.
Claims (5)
1. a vacuum sample making device for saturated clay, is characterized in that: it comprises sample preparation device and at least a set of vacuum extractor; Described vacuum extractor comprises catch basin (2) and vacuum pump (1), and described vacuum pump (1) is communicated with catch basin (2) through force pipe, and described catch basin (2) is communicated with sample preparation device through force pipe;
Described sample preparation device is pair of lamina tube structure, inwall (4) and gland bonnet (12) that it comprises outer wall (6), is structure as a whole with outer wall (6), the cavity forming between described outer wall (6) and inwall (4) is loaded filter cavity (7), the cavity being surrounded by inwall (4) is soil sample chamber (13), the top in described soil sample chamber (13) is provided with movably packed-piston (11), and the latter half of described inwall (4) is provided with treatment hole (10);
In loaded filter cavity (7), be provided with loaded filter (5), at least 3 cover filter pipes (9) are set in loaded filter cavity, described filter pipe (9) is communicated with catch basin (2) through force pipe, and described filter pipe (9) is provided with multiple circular holes;
Described catch basin (2) is provided with vacuum meter (14), is provided with valve (8) above described sample preparation device.
2. the vacuum sample making device of saturated clay according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described loaded filter (5) is made up of internal layer and skin, and internal layer is the coarse sand of diameter 1 ~ 2mm, and skin is the gravel of diameter 2 ~ 3mm.
3. the vacuum sample making device of saturated clay according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: three cover filter pipes (9) are around inwall (4) and be close to outer wall (6) and arrange from top to bottom, upper, middle and lower three are overlapped filter pipe and are respectively 150 ㎜, 75 ㎜, 0 ㎜ apart from the distance of gland bonnet (12);
Described filter pipe (9) is pvc pipe or steel pipe, and diameter is 20mm, and the diameter of described circular hole is 1mm, and described circular hole is 10mm along pipe range direction spacing, and hoop interval angle is 45 °.
4. the vacuum sample making device of saturated clay according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described vacuum extractor arranges 2 covers, and 3 cover filter pipe (9) both sides are respectively communicated with the force pipe of catch basin (2) band valve respectively by a four-way.
5. the vacuum sample making device of saturated clay according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the circular hole that described treatment hole (10) is equally distributed diameter 0.8mm, treatment hole (10) is 2mm along the short transverse spacing of soil sample chamber (13), and hoop interval angle is 15 °.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420049420.4U CN203719989U (en) | 2014-01-25 | 2014-01-25 | Vacuum saturated clay sample preparation device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420049420.4U CN203719989U (en) | 2014-01-25 | 2014-01-25 | Vacuum saturated clay sample preparation device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN203719989U true CN203719989U (en) | 2014-07-16 |
Family
ID=51159128
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420049420.4U Expired - Fee Related CN203719989U (en) | 2014-01-25 | 2014-01-25 | Vacuum saturated clay sample preparation device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN203719989U (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103776677A (en) * | 2014-01-25 | 2014-05-07 | 石家庄经济学院 | Vacuum sample preparation device for saturated clay and sample preparation method thereof |
| CN104596820A (en) * | 2015-01-23 | 2015-05-06 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Soil particle SEM sample preparation method |
| CN115508217A (en) * | 2022-08-12 | 2022-12-23 | 山东大学 | Multifunctional testing machine and method capable of realizing vacuum hot pressing and gas adsorption |
-
2014
- 2014-01-25 CN CN201420049420.4U patent/CN203719989U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103776677A (en) * | 2014-01-25 | 2014-05-07 | 石家庄经济学院 | Vacuum sample preparation device for saturated clay and sample preparation method thereof |
| CN104596820A (en) * | 2015-01-23 | 2015-05-06 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Soil particle SEM sample preparation method |
| CN104596820B (en) * | 2015-01-23 | 2017-03-22 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Soil particle SEM sample preparation method |
| CN115508217A (en) * | 2022-08-12 | 2022-12-23 | 山东大学 | Multifunctional testing machine and method capable of realizing vacuum hot pressing and gas adsorption |
| CN115508217B (en) * | 2022-08-12 | 2024-06-11 | 山东大学 | Multifunctional testing machine and method capable of realizing vacuum hot pressing and gas adsorption |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN103776677B (en) | A kind of vacuum sample making device of saturated clay and method for making sample thereof | |
| CN105424912B (en) | A kind of simulation karst soil misses the mobile change slope formula steel tank of situation | |
| CN106680022B (en) | Sampling device and method for infiltration experiment of easily loosened undisturbed coarse-grained soil | |
| CN106769751A (en) | A kind of half cementing artificial core model and its sand-filling apparatus and method | |
| CN203719989U (en) | Vacuum saturated clay sample preparation device | |
| CN201241707Y (en) | Tunnel upward floating model trial apparatus | |
| CN102226337B (en) | Three-dimensional drain and construction method thereof | |
| CN107607385B (en) | Vacuum test device for triaxial remolded soil sample preparation | |
| CN109323902A (en) | A kind of experimental rig and test method of microorganism gelling Stabilization of Loess sample | |
| CN108101341A (en) | High speed dewatering of slurries device | |
| CN104614297A (en) | Geotechnical composite drainage material filter membrane horizontal seepage clogging discounting test device and test method thereof | |
| CN102704488A (en) | Novel soft soil foundation pit excavation method | |
| CN111006952A (en) | Experimental test device and grouting method for reinforcing fractured rock sample through high-pressure permeation grouting | |
| CN104730223B (en) | Volume change considering expansive soil SWCC curve testing apparatus and volume change considering expansive soil SWCC curve testing method | |
| CN102645395A (en) | Diaphragm wall permeability tester | |
| CN110715890A (en) | Soil cavity gas tracer test device | |
| CN207730622U (en) | Gas permeability of rocks experimental rig under a kind of gas hyperosmosis | |
| CN208000229U (en) | A kind of soil solution sampler | |
| CN207007596U (en) | Without the axle sample preparation device of stickiness fine grained soil three | |
| CN207181208U (en) | A kind of device for testing underwater Karst grouting material dispersion resistance matter | |
| CN206906169U (en) | The experimental rig of resistance to shear of soil relaxation and deformation under a kind of monitoring drying and watering cycle | |
| CN102140793B (en) | Filter pipe tread-in vacuum drainage super-soft soil reinforcing technical method | |
| CN206459931U (en) | Physical simulation device for measuring salt cavern gas storage residue gap utilization rate | |
| Zhang et al. | Buried lifting sprinkling irrigation device | |
| CN104655543A (en) | Vertical permeability clogging and reduction testing device of geocomposite drainage material filter membrane and detection method thereof |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20140716 Termination date: 20160125 |
|
| EXPY | Termination of patent right or utility model |