CN110715890A - Soil cavity gas tracer test device - Google Patents
Soil cavity gas tracer test device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110715890A CN110715890A CN201911127592.2A CN201911127592A CN110715890A CN 110715890 A CN110715890 A CN 110715890A CN 201911127592 A CN201911127592 A CN 201911127592A CN 110715890 A CN110715890 A CN 110715890A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B31/00—Predictive alarm systems characterised by extrapolation or other computation using updated historic data
Abstract
The invention discloses a soil cave gas tracer test device which comprises a rock erosion chamber, a soil leaching chamber and a soil cave simulation chamber, wherein each chamber is provided with a water inlet pipe, a water drain pipe and an exhaust pipe, and each pipeline path is provided with a valve and a pressure gauge; the rock erosion chamber is used for eroding a rock sample and collecting gas generated in the erosion process; the soil leaching chamber is used for leaching a soil sample and collecting gas generated in the leaching process; the soil cave simulation room comprises an external gas tracing box, a soil sample placing box and an internal gas tracing box, and is used for carrying out an osmotic deformation test and a gas tracing test. The soil cave gas tracing test device can simulate the subsidence of soil cave karst, obtain the quantitative corresponding relation between soil deformation damage and soil cave gas migration in the soil cave development process, and further obtain gas indexes and parameters for monitoring and early warning of the subsidence of the soil cave karst.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a gas tracer test device for simulating karst collapse, in particular to a soil cave gas tracer test device for simulating soil cave type karst collapse.
Background
Karst collapse is one of the main geological disasters in the karst area, wherein soil cave type karst collapse is common. The cave-in karst collapse refers to the process and phenomenon that soil bodies above karst caves and pipeline cracks are deformed and damaged due to the actions of underground water such as undermining and erosion in an overlay karst area, soil caves are gradually formed in the soil bodies along with the continuous loss of the soil, and finally collapsed pits are formed on the ground surface. In the process of forming and developing the soil cave, due to the movement of underground water and the dissolving action on soil and rocks, a certain amount of gas can be formed and stored in the soil cave, the gas can obviously change in the aspects of concentration, components, flux, geochemical characteristics and the like along with different development stages of the soil cave and can migrate upwards along soil body cracks, the gas is abnormal on the ground, and early warning and forecasting can be carried out on karst collapse by monitoring the soil cave gas by utilizing the gas. Before monitoring and early warning are realized, gas for monitoring and index parameters thereof need to be selected, the dependence relationship between the gas permeability and the soil body porosity ratio, saturation and gas content is researched, the permeation and migration rules of the gas in the soil body around the soil cave are determined, the corresponding relationship between the surface gas abnormal characteristic value and different development stages of the soil cave is further established, and the soil cave gas tracing test needs to be developed in the above work.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a soil cavern gas tracing test device for simulating soil cavern type karst collapse.
The soil cave gas tracer test device comprises a rock erosion chamber, a soil leaching chamber and a soil cave simulation chamber, wherein:
each chamber is provided with a water inlet pipe, a water drain pipe and an exhaust pipe, and a valve and a pressure gauge are arranged on the path of each water inlet pipe, each water drain pipe and each exhaust pipe;
a placing frame for placing a rock sample is arranged in the rock erosion chamber;
a rack for placing a soil sample is arranged in the soil leaching chamber, permeable stones are distributed right above the rack, and water entering the soil leaching chamber from a water inlet pipe firstly permeates into the permeable stones and then enters the soil leaching chamber;
soil cave simulation room includes the external gas tracer case, sets up and places the case in the internal soil sample that is used for placeeing the original state soil sample of external gas tracer case to and place the internal gas tracer case that the incasement was placed to the soil sample and buried in the original state soil sample in, wherein:
the external gas tracing box is a box body which is provided with a cover and can be sealed;
the soil sample placing box is a box body which is provided with a cover and can be sealed, the box body is provided with a side surface for water to permeate into the box body and a side surface for water in the box body to permeate out, the two side surfaces are made of permeable stones, and the height of the two side surfaces is higher than or equal to that of an original soil sample;
the top of the internal gas tracing box is provided with a gas hole, the bottom of the internal gas tracing box is communicated with gas supply equipment outside the soil cave simulation chamber through a gas inlet pipe, and a valve and a pressure gauge are arranged on the path of the gas inlet pipe;
the soil sample storage box is provided with at least one gas collecting pipe, and the gas collecting pipe is provided with a valve and a pressure gauge; the gas inlet end of the gas collecting pipe extends into an undisturbed soil sample in the soil sample holding box, and the gas outlet end of the gas collecting pipe is connected with a device or a container for collecting gas.
Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, soil sample place the case and pass through the support and set up in the external gas spike incasement, be provided with the porous disk on the support, the soil sample place the case and arrange in the porous disk on, place the water that the incasement permeates out and drip in external gas spike bottom of the case portion via the porous disk by the soil sample.
In the above technical solution, the internal gas tracer tank is designed according to the shape of the soil cave, and is usually designed to be hemispherical. The gas holes at the top of the internal gas tracer box are uniformly distributed, the size of the gas holes is set according to the requirement, and the gas holes are usually designed into holes with the diameter of 1-3 mm.
In the technical scheme, the sampling uniformity can be set according to the requirement, and the number of the gas collecting pipes on the soil sample placing box is usually 3-7.
Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, for making things convenient for experimental observation, except that the side that the case was place to the soil sample supplied water infiltration to get into its inside and the side that supplies the water in the box to permeate away adopted the permeable stone preparation, the equal preferred transparent material preparation that adopts of other parts of stone erosion room, soil leaching room and soil cave simulation room.
Compared with the prior art, the soil cave gas tracing test device can simulate the subsidence of soil cave karst, obtain the quantitative corresponding relation between soil deformation damage and soil cave gas migration in the soil cave development process, and further obtain gas indexes and parameters for monitoring and early warning the subsidence of the soil cave karst. The device can be used for developing research and application of karst collapse early warning and forecasting based on soil cave gas monitoring, and has great significance for enriching and perfecting karst collapse multi-parameter monitoring and early warning technology.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the soil cavity gas tracer test device according to the invention.
The reference numbers in the figures are:
1 inlet tube, 2 valves, 3 manometer, 4 place the frame, 5 rock samples, 6 rock corrosion rooms, 7 blast pipes, 8 drain pipes, 9 supports, 10 outside gas tracer cases, 11 permeable stones, 12 soil samples place the case, 13 gas collecting pipes, 14 original state soil samples, 15 inside gas tracer cases, 16 gas pockets, 17 permeable plates, 18 air feeder, 19 intake pipes, 20 soil leaching rooms, 21 racks, 22 soil samples.
Detailed Description
The invention will be better understood from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the soil cavern gas tracing test device of the invention comprises a rock erosion chamber 6, a soil leaching chamber 20 and a soil cavern simulation chamber, wherein:
the stone erosion chamber, the soil leaching chamber 20 and the soil cave simulation chamber are respectively provided with a water inlet pipe 1, a water outlet pipe 8 and an air outlet pipe 7, and a valve 2 and a pressure gauge 3 are arranged on the pipeline path of each water inlet pipe 1, each water outlet pipe 8 and each air outlet pipe 7;
a placing frame 4 is arranged in the rock erosion chamber 6, and a rock sample 5 is placed on the placing frame 4;
a rack 21 is arranged in the soil leaching chamber 20, a soil sample 22 is placed on the rack 21, a permeable stone 11 is arranged right above the rack 21, the outer peripheral wall of the permeable stone 11 is mutually attached to the inner wall surface of the soil leaching chamber 20, and water entering the soil leaching chamber 20 from the water inlet pipe 1 firstly permeates into the permeable stone 11 and then enters the soil leaching chamber 20 and further drops on the soil sample 22 on the rack 21;
soil cave simulation room includes outside gas tracer case 10, sets up and is used for placeeing the soil sample of original state soil sample 14 and places case 12 in outside gas tracer case 10 to and place in the soil sample and place the case 12 and not in the inside gas tracer case 15 in original state soil sample 14, wherein:
the external gas tracing box 10 is a box body with a cover and capable of being sealed;
the soil sample placing box 12 is a box body with a cover and capable of being sealed, the box body is provided with a side surface for water to permeate into the box body and a side surface for water in the box body to permeate out, the two side surfaces are made of permeable stones 11, and the height of the two side surfaces is higher than or equal to that of an original soil sample 14;
the soil sample storage box 12 is arranged in the external gas tracing box 10 through a support 9, a water permeable plate 17 is arranged on the support 9, the soil sample storage box 12 is arranged on the water permeable plate 17, and water permeating from the soil sample storage box 12 drops to the bottom of the external gas tracing box 10 through the water permeable plate 17;
the top of the internal gas tracing box 15 is provided with uniformly distributed air holes 16, the bottom of the internal gas tracing box is communicated with a gas supply device 18 (such as a helium gas steel cylinder) outside the soil cave simulation chamber through an air inlet pipe 19, and a valve 2 and a pressure gauge 3 are arranged on a pipeline path of the air inlet pipe 19; one or more tracer gases are fed into the internal gas tracer tank 15 by the gas supply device 18 through the inlet pipe 19;
the number of the gas collecting pipes 13 on the soil sample placing box 12 is set according to the requirement, in the embodiment, the number of the gas collecting pipes 13 on the soil sample placing box 12 is 3, and the gas collecting pipes 13 are provided with valves 2 and pressure gauges 3; (ii) a The gas inlet end of the gas collecting pipe 13 extends into the undisturbed soil sample 14 in the soil sample placing box 12, the extending depth is set according to requirements, and preferably, the exhaust pipes 7 are respectively inserted into different depths of different positions in the undisturbed soil sample 14, so that the gas sample taken by the gas collecting pipe 13 is more representative; the gas collection tube 13 is connected at its gas discharge end to a device or container for collecting gas, such as an L-valve gas sampling bag, for further analysis of the collected gas sample.
In the above embodiment, the external gas tracer box 10 and the soil sample storage box 12 of the stone erosion chamber and the soil leaching chamber 20 are both square, the internal gas tracer box 15 is hemispherical, and the diameter of the top air hole 16 of the internal gas tracer box 15 is 1-3 mm. Except that the side surface of the soil sample placing box 12 for the water to permeate into the interior and the side surface of the box for the water to permeate out are made of permeable stones 11, the other parts of the stone erosion chamber, the soil leaching chamber 20 and the soil cave simulation chamber in the device are all preferably made of transparent materials. The connection points in the device according to the invention need to be checked for gas and liquid tightness.
The specific operation of the device of the invention is as follows:
1) during the test, firstly, a carbonate rock sample in a field collapse area is obtained and is subjected to rock chemical component analysis, then a rock sample 5 is prepared and is placed in a sample box, and the sample box is fixed on a placing frame 4 in a rock erosion chamber 6. Meanwhile, undisturbed soil in a field collapse area is obtained and chemical composition analysis of the soil is carried out, then standard samples (namely a soil sample 22 and an undisturbed soil sample 14) are manufactured, the soil sample 22 is placed into a sample box, the sample box is fixed on a rack 21 of a soil leaching chamber 20, and the undisturbed soil sample 14 is placed into a soil sample placement box 12.
2) And then, performing rock corrosion, soil leaching and seepage deformation tests by controlling the valves 2 on the water inlet pipe 1 and the water outlet pipe 8, and regularly collecting gas generated by rock corrosion, gas generated by soil leaching and gas generated by seepage deformation of the original soil sample by controlling the valves 2 on the corresponding air outlet pipes 7 and performing laboratory analysis.
3) Then, at a certain specific stage after the soil body is deformed and damaged, one or more special tracer gases are input according to a certain concentration, and then the special tracer gases are received at different positions of the soil sample placing box 12 at fixed time through the gas collecting pipes 13 and are analyzed in a laboratory.
4) And finally, comprehensively comparing and analyzing the data collected by the rock erosion chamber 6, the soil leaching chamber 20 and the soil cave simulation chamber, researching index parameters such as the concentration, the composition, the flux, the geochemical characteristics and the like of the soil cave gas at different development stages of the soil cave, analyzing the dependence relationship between the gas permeability and the soil body porosity ratio, the saturation and the gas content, determining the permeation and migration rules of the gas in the soil body around the soil cave, and further establishing the corresponding relationship between the surface gas abnormal characteristic value and the different development stages of the soil cave.
Claims (3)
1. Gaseous tracer test device in soil cave, including rock erosion room (6), soil leaching room (20) and soil cave simulation room, its characterized in that:
each chamber is provided with a water inlet pipe (1), a water drain pipe (8) and an exhaust pipe (7), and a valve (2) and a pressure gauge (3) are arranged on the path of each water inlet pipe (1), each water drain pipe (8) and each exhaust pipe (7);
a placing frame (4) for placing a rock sample (5) is arranged in the rock erosion chamber (6);
a rack (21) for placing a soil sample (22) is arranged in the soil leaching chamber (20), a permeable stone (11) is distributed right above the rack (21), and water entering the soil leaching chamber (20) from the water inlet pipe (1) firstly permeates into the permeable stone (11) and then enters the soil leaching chamber (20);
soil cave simulation room includes external gas tracer case (10), sets up and is used for placeeing original state soil sample (14) in external gas tracer case (10) and places case (12) to and place in soil sample and place case (12) and bury inside gas tracer case (15) in original state soil sample (14), wherein:
the external gas tracing box (10) is a box body with a cover and capable of being sealed;
the soil sample placing box (12) is a box body which is provided with a cover and can be sealed, the box body is provided with a side surface for water to permeate into the box body and a side surface for water in the box body to permeate out, the two side surfaces are made of permeable stones (11), and the height of the two side surfaces is higher than or equal to that of an original soil sample (14);
the top of the internal gas tracing box (15) is provided with an air hole (16), the bottom of the internal gas tracing box is communicated with a gas supply device (18) outside the soil cave simulation chamber through a gas inlet pipe (19), and a valve (2) and a pressure gauge (3) are arranged on the path of the gas inlet pipe (19);
the soil sample storage box (12) is provided with at least one gas collecting pipe (13), and the gas collecting pipe (13) is provided with a valve (2) and a pressure gauge (3); the gas inlet end of the gas collecting pipe (13) extends into an undisturbed soil sample (14) in the soil sample placing box (12), and the gas outlet end of the gas collecting pipe is connected with a device or a container for collecting gas.
2. A soil cavern gas trace test device according to claim 1, wherein: soil sample case (12) place case (12) and set up in outside gas tracer box (10) through support (9), be provided with porous disk (17) on support (9), soil sample place case (12) are arranged in porous disk (17) on, place the water that permeates out in case (12) by soil sample and drip in outside gas tracer box (10) bottom via porous disk (17).
3. A soil cavern gas trace test device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the inner gas tracing box (15) is hemispherical.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911127592.2A CN110715890A (en) | 2019-11-18 | 2019-11-18 | Soil cavity gas tracer test device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911127592.2A CN110715890A (en) | 2019-11-18 | 2019-11-18 | Soil cavity gas tracer test device |
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| CN110715890A true CN110715890A (en) | 2020-01-21 |
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| CN201911127592.2A Pending CN110715890A (en) | 2019-11-18 | 2019-11-18 | Soil cavity gas tracer test device |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112309088A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-02-02 | 中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所 | Device for monitoring and early warning karst collapse by utilizing soil cave gas and working method |
| CN112946778A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-06-11 | 中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所 | Method for early warning karst collapse based on underground water turbidity monitoring |
-
2019
- 2019-11-18 CN CN201911127592.2A patent/CN110715890A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112309088A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-02-02 | 中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所 | Device for monitoring and early warning karst collapse by utilizing soil cave gas and working method |
| CN112946778A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-06-11 | 中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所 | Method for early warning karst collapse based on underground water turbidity monitoring |
| CN112946778B (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2022-05-03 | 中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所 | Method for early warning karst collapse based on underground water turbidity monitoring |
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