CN203685504U - Concentrated solar power water heat storage power generation system - Google Patents
Concentrated solar power water heat storage power generation system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a concentrated solar power water heat storage power generation system to solve the problems that most of solar energy is wasted, solar energy cannot be stored and used reasonably in the prior art. The system comprises a heat exchanger with a water inlet and a water outlet, a turbine, a generator, a condenser, a cooling tower, a feed pump, a circulation water tank, a heat storage tank and a solar heat collector for providing heat sources for the heat exchanger. According to the system, a systematic, complete, reliable and practical solution is provided for concentrated solar power generation, the heat storage problem in the concentrated solar power generation technology is solved, the system can generate power stably around the clock, and evening, cloudy and rainy day and all-weather sun radiated heat energy is fully used.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of Photospot solar water heat accumulation power generation system.
Background technique
In daily life, within about 40 minutes, being radiated at tellurian solar energy, being enough to the consumption for 1 year energy of global human, is really inexhaustible, nexhaustible clean energy resource.Solar electrical energy generation is to utilize one of most important mode of solar energy, has following characteristics: 1. without exhausted dangerous; 2. definitely clean (nuisanceless); 3. be not subject to the restriction of resource distribution region; 4. can generate electricity nearby in electricity consumption place; 5. can source quality high; 6. user is acceptant emotion; The time of 7. obtaining energy cost is short.Along with the arrival of clean energy resource revolution, solar electrical energy generation has caused the great attention of countries in the world.
Solar electrical energy generation is divided into solar energy photoelectric conversion and two kinds of modes of thermoelectricity conversion.Photoelectric direct connects conversion power generation and is called again photovoltaic generation.The basic principle of thermoelectricity conversion is to adopt Salar light-gathering technology, on a limited area, the temperature of solar energy is reached more than 400 ℃ solar energy collecting, then by thermal energy transfer feedwater, and produce steam, use Steam Actuation steam turbine power generation.Therefore, this generation mode is called again concentration solar generating.
Solar energy power generating is the major way of current solar electrical energy generation.This mode has following two major defects:
The first, photoelectric conversion power generation system involves great expense, and reaches every kilowatt of 100,000 yuan of left and right.This is one of important hindering factor of current photovoltaic generation.
The second, the energy conversion efficiency of photovoltaic generation is lower.The energy conversion efficiency of China's photovoltaic generation, in 10～15% left and right, is produced the power consumption of polysilicon per ton up to 200,000 kilowatt hour left and right, and comprehensive energy consumption is up to 80 kilograms of mark coal left and right.Therefore, polysilicon industry is again a high energy-consuming industry.For this reason, within 2013, country has promulgated " the State Council is about the some suggestions that promote that photovoltaic industry develops in a healthy way ", propose: " photovoltaic manufacturing enterprise should have advanced technology and stronger independent research and development capacity, newly go up that photovoltaic manufacturing project should meet that single crystal silicon photovoltaic cell conversion efficiency is not less than 20%, conversion efficiency of polysilicon photovoltaic cells is not less than 18%, film photovoltaic cell conversion efficiency is not less than 12%, the comprehensive power consumption of production of polysilicon not higher than 100 kilowatt hours/kilogram.”
Just because of these disadvantages of photovoltaic generation, solar electrical energy generation industry has been transferred to solar generator conversion aspect center of gravity again.Concentration solar generating system is called the developing direction that solar electrical energy generation is new.International energy (IEA) subordinate's AolarPACES, European solar energy generating association (ESTELA) and the most conservative estimation of green peace organization think that CSP supplied in share and will account for 3%～3.6% in global energy to the year two thousand thirty, account for 8%～11.8% to the year two thousand fifty, this means following 5～10 years internal light-focusing solar generating annual growths and will reach 17%～27%.Still there are two large technical barriers in concentration solar generating:
The first, the impact of weather on generating.Due to round the clock, season, weather and even every day all very not large on the impact of solar radiation in the same time.For photovoltaic generation, solar radiation intensity only can affect the too little of generated output, and can not cause generating to stop.But for concentration solar generating, when solar radiation intensity little of the regular hour, solar energy with regard to deficiency so that water generates steam, thereby cause generating to stop.Therefore, concentration solar generating is very unstable, and generating dutation is very short.According to according to a preliminary estimate, average less than 1/3 of every day.
The second, the energy conversion efficiency of concentration solar generating remains a very large problem.Because the power generation system most of the time can not be moved, waste a large amount of solar energy on the one hand; On the other hand, because the heat load of system is subject to the rigid of season and weather, cause the system most of the time to be moved in damage, this also makes generating efficiency significantly reduce.
This two large technical barrier, makes the market share of concentration solar generating well below photovoltaic generation just.Even at China's concentration solar generating also substantially in blank, also need the development of starting from scratch.
Owing to there are the problems referred to above, to arise at the historic moment about the technology of solar energy heat-storage, most heat-storage technology is all to adopt solid to carry out heat accumulation.But still there is following defect in this heat-storing method:
(1) quantity of heat storage is limited.Under normal circumstances, the specific heat of solid is all very low.Such as, best solid heat storage material is paraffin, its specific heat capacity is 0.511～0.693J/gK, the heat of fusion that is equivalent to 0.5～0.7. paraffin of specific heat of water is 200～220 J/g, be about as much as water gasification latent heat 8%, be equivalent to 7 kilograms mark coals heats.The density of paraffin is 0.9g/ ㎝
3, the melting heat accumulation of paraffin per ton is 2～2.2 × 10
5kJ, every cubic metre of paraffin is approximately 2.33 × 10
5kJ.Therefore, solid heat accumulation can not solve large capacity heat accumulation problem.
(2) solid heat accumulation conducts heat very slow.Take the very good steel of conductivity as example, its liquid heat conductive coefficient is approximately 50 w/mK, and when heat conduction thickness is 0.5m, the temperature difference is 500 ℃, and when heat transfer area is 1 ㎡, heat-transfer capability is only 12.5kW.For nonmetal, jumbo solid volume, its capacity of heat transmission is well below this numeral.This feature of solid heat accumulation not only causes heating very slow, and heat-obtaining is also very slow.Obviously, reach several megawatts for heat accumulation power, the even high-power industrial heat accumulation of tens megawatts, this heat-storing method is impossible meet industry needs, or cost is very high.
(3) there is certain pollution, corrosion etc. in many solid heat-storage mediums.And price is all higher, heat-storage medium per ton is all more than several thousand yuan.
In order to solve the heat accumulation problem of solar energy industry, must invent that a kind of heat storage capacity is very large, very fast, lower-cost heat reservoir conducts heat.
Model utility content
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of Photospot solar water heat accumulation power generation system, and the solar energy that solves prior art is wasted mostly, cannot store solar energy, and the problem that can not rationally utilize.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted in the utility model is as follows:
Photospot solar water heat accumulation power generation system, comprises heat exchanger, steam turbine, generator, vapour condenser, cooling tower, feed water pump, cyclic water tank, heat storage can with water intake and water outlet, and is used to heat exchanger that the solar thermal collector of thermal source is provided; Described heat exchanger water outlet is connected with heat storage can by the first three-way pipe, heat storage can is connected with steam turbine by the second three-way pipe, steam turbine is connected with vapour condenser with generator respectively, vapour condenser is connected with feed water pump with cooling tower respectively, feed water pump is connected with cyclic water tank, and cyclic water tank is also connected with the water outlet of heat exchanger; Between described the first three-way pipe and heat storage can, be provided with heat storage can inlet adjusting valve, between heat storage can and the second three-way pipe, be provided with heat storage can discharge control valve, between the first three-way pipe and the second three-way pipe, be provided with Steam Turbine's Main Vaper Valve.
Further, between described the first three-way pipe and Steam Turbine's Main Vaper Valve, be also provided with the 3rd three-way pipe; Cyclic water tank is connected with the 3rd three-way pipe by the pipeline that is provided with circulating water control valve.
Again further, described steam turbine is twin-tub steam turbine, is divided into steam turbine high-pressure cylinder and turbine low pressure cylinder; Described the second three-way pipe is connected with steam turbine high-pressure cylinder, and vapour condenser is connected with turbine low pressure cylinder; On described solar thermal collector, be also provided with the solar energy reheater with import and outlet, its import is connected with steam turbine high-pressure cylinder, and outlet is connected with turbine low pressure cylinder.
Select as another kind, between described heat exchanger and the first three-way pipe, be also provided with successively steam-water separator, steam superheater; Described steam-water separator communicates with heat exchanger, and described steam superheater is arranged on solar thermal collector, and is communicated with the first three-way pipe.
Further, described steam-water separator is connected by the pipeline that is provided with circulating-heating safety check with cyclic water tank.
Again further, described steam turbine is twin-tub steam turbine, is divided into steam turbine high-pressure cylinder and turbine low pressure cylinder, and described the second three-way pipe is connected with steam turbine high-pressure cylinder; Between described steam-water separator and circulating-heating safety check, be also provided with the 4th three-way pipe; Between described the 4th three-way pipe and turbine low pressure cylinder, be also connected with saturation water entrance control valve, saturation water heat storage can, steam expanding vessel, development unit steam (vapor) outlet control valve in turn, wherein saturation water entrance control valve is communicated with the 4th three-way pipe, and development unit steam (vapor) outlet control valve is connected with turbine low pressure cylinder; Described steam expanding vessel is also communicated with cyclic water tank by the pipeline that is provided with development unit saturation water discharge control valve.
The utility model compared with prior art, has the following advantages and beneficial effect:
(1) concentration solar generating industry, in China also in the very initial stage, does not also form the technological scheme of a cover system; The utility model provides system, complete, reliable and practical solution for concentration solar generating.
(2) the utility model has solved the heat accumulation problem in concentration solar generating technology, makes system stability, round-the-clock generating, and makes full use of the heat energy of night, overcast and rainy and round-the-clock solar radiation.
(3) generating efficiency of the present utility model is very high.The efficiency of photovoltaic generation is about 20% left and right at present, and the peak efficiency of supercritical generating system of the present utility model can reach 40%, about doubling than photovoltaic efficiency; The thermal energy conversion efficiency of subcritical power generation system of the present utility model can reach 30%, than high 50% left and right of the efficiency of photovoltaic generation; Therefore the utility model will produce significant impact to solar electrical energy generation industry after implementing.
(4) the utility model is very energy-conservation.Photovoltaic generating system very high from power consumption, particularly production of polysilicon need to consume mass energy.The energy consumption index of existing domestic level polysilicon per ton is up to 70～90 tons of mark coals, and polysilicon power consumption per ton reaches 15～200,000 kilowatt hours.And the solar energy generation technology that the utility model provides is traditional product to basic material and equipment, there is no specific (special) requirements, do not need to consume mass energy.
(5) the utility model water is as the medium of heat accumulation, pollution-free, environmental protection, safe and reliable.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the utility model-embodiment 1 structural representation.
Fig. 2 is the utility model-embodiment 2 structural representation.
Fig. 3 is the utility model-embodiment 3 structural representation.
Fig. 4 is the utility model-embodiment 4 structural representation.
Fig. 5 is the utility model-embodiment 5 structural representation.
Fig. 6 is the utility model-embodiment 6 structural representation.
Wherein, the component name that in accompanying drawing, mark is corresponding is called: 1-solar thermal collector, 2-heat exchanger, 3-heat storage can inlet adjusting valve, 4-heat storage can, 5-heat storage can discharge control valve, 6-Steam Turbine's Main Vaper Valve, 7-steam turbine, 8-generator, 9-vapour condenser, 10-cooling tower, 11-feed water pump, 12-cyclic water tank, 13-the first three-way pipe, 14-the second three-way pipe, 15-the 3rd three-way pipe, 16-solar energy reheater, 17-steam-water separator, 18-steam superheater, 19-circulating-heating safety check, 20-the 4th three-way pipe, 21-saturation water entrance control valve, 22-saturation water heat storage can, 23-steam expanding vessel, 24-development unit steam (vapor) outlet control valve, 25-development unit saturation water discharge control valve, 26-circulating water control valve, 27-water supply control valve.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the utility model is described in further detail, and mode of execution of the present utility model includes but not limited to the following example.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, Photospot solar water heat accumulation power generation system, comprise heat exchanger 2, steam turbine 7, generator 8, vapour condenser 9, cooling tower 10, feed water pump 11, cyclic water tank 12, heat storage can 4 with water intake and water outlet, and be used to heat exchanger that the solar thermal collector 1 of thermal source is provided; Described heat exchanger water outlet is connected with heat storage can by the first three-way pipe 13, heat storage can is connected with steam turbine by the second three-way pipe 14, steam turbine is connected with vapour condenser with generator respectively, vapour condenser is connected with feed water pump with cooling tower respectively, feed water pump is connected with cyclic water tank, and cyclic water tank is also connected with the water outlet of heat exchanger; Between described the first three-way pipe and heat storage can, be provided with heat storage can inlet adjusting valve 3, between heat storage can and the second three-way pipe, be provided with between heat storage can discharge control valve 5, the first three-way pipes and the second three-way pipe and be provided with Steam Turbine's Main Vaper Valve 6.
The present embodiment is the heat accumulation generating that generating working medium water completes in supercritical state, and idiographic flow is: the steam that exceedes critical pressure enters steam turbine and changes heat energy into mechanical energy, and steam turbine drives generator to change mechanical energy into electric energy.The low pressure steam of discharging from steam turbine carries out the cooling low pressure saturation water that condenses into the circulating water in cooling tower vapour condenser, more than low pressure saturation water is elevated to critical pressure 22.798MPa by feed water pump by hydraulic pressure, and water is sent in cyclic water tank, entering from circulating water perfume (or spice) the heat exchanger that is placed in solar thermal collector again heats, be heated to design temperature in heat exchanger after, enter turbine expansion acting generating by steam turbine main steam valve, just completed a circulation.
When sunlight is sufficient by day, because the steam producing is more, by heat storage can inlet adjusting valve, a part of high pressure steam is introduced in heat storage can and stored.According to designing requirement, generate electricity daytime one day, the heat in heat accumulation tank storage can meet the demand of generating at night substantially.When the evening draws on, or run into overcast and rainyly, disconnect heat storage can inlet adjusting valve and Steam Turbine's Main Vaper Valve, open heat storage can discharge control valve, the heat energy storing in heat storage can is sent into steam turbine power generation.
As shown in Figure 2, the present embodiment and embodiment's 1 difference is to be also provided with between described the first three-way pipe and Steam Turbine's Main Vaper Valve the 3rd three-way pipe 15; Cyclic water tank is connected with the 3rd three-way pipe by the pipeline that is provided with circulating water control valve 26.
The present embodiment also has the function that still can generate electricity at cloudy day, rainy day and night compared with embodiment 1.Reason is: due to cloudy day, night, and even extremely cold weather, air is still at radiations heat energy.Therefore, at any time solar thermal collector has partial heat energy to produce.If there is no heat reservoir, this part heat energy is not enough to generating working medium heating to produce steam, thereby traditional concentrating solar power generation system can only can generate electricity when sunny, other time can not generate electricity.This essential defect is to cause the Photospot solar one of can not widely used major reason.After having had solar energy heat-storage system, this defect will be solved, and power generation system not only can round-the-clockly be generated electricity, and can utilize all solar energy, comprise the solar energy that cloudy day, rainy day and night collect.The concrete technology of the present embodiment is as follows:
When night with when the rainy day, solar energy was inadequate, utilize the steam electric power storing in heat storage can.When after turbine expansion acting, the cooling low pressure saturation water that condenses into of low pressure steam, send in cyclic water tank through feed water pump, continue to heat by heat exchanger, hot water after heating reaches less than generating and requires (now heat storage can inlet adjusting valve and Steam Turbine's Main Vaper Valve are in off state), hot water enters cyclic water tank through circulating water control valve, then enters heat exchanger and carry out circulating-heating; Open again heat storage can inlet adjusting valve while requiring and enter heat storage can when the hot water after circulating-heating reaches generating, enter turbine expansion acting generating through heat storage can discharge control valve subsequently.The water circulation heating design of the present embodiment has utilized solar energy most possibly, and makes system more stable.
For guaranteeing the safe, reliable, efficient operation of the whole power generation system of the present embodiment, links and equipment are had to specific requirement, its fundamental function is as follows:
(1) heat energy working medium
Heat energy working medium, or " working medium " refer to carrying heat energy, and for heat energy is changed into the carrier of mechanical energy at steam turbine.In the utility model, refer in particular to water, and phase deformation states, comprise liquid state and gaseous state.
(2) solar thermal collector
Solar thermal collector be one by solar energy collecting, focus on and be delivered to the device of heat exchanger.By focusing principle, just the sunlight of diffusion and the radiant heat energy of air are gathered in a limited plane solar thermal collector.This plane as the heating heating surface of heat exchanger again by thermal energy transfer to working medium.
(3) heat exchanger
Heat exchanger refers to collects solar thermal collector, and the thermal energy transfer focusing on is to the device of working medium.This transmission comprises direct transfer mode and passes through the intermediate transfer mode of heating agent.Directly transfer mode is that the heat energy of solar thermal collector collection is directly passed to working medium.Intermediate transfer be heat exchanger first by thermal energy transfer to heating agent, then by the thermal energy transfer of heating agent (such as oil) to working medium.
(4) heat storage can
Heat storage can is to store to have the working medium of certain pressure and temperature, and has the container of sufficient space and pressure-bearing.In Photospot solar supercritical generating system, the power pressure of storage exceedes critical pressure, and temperature is conventionally more than 300 ℃.In order to make power generation system stable operation, the heat energy that heat storage can stores should meet the steam turbine generating vapour of 10 ~ 20 hours.According to 400 ℃ of vapor (steam) temperatures, pressure 30MPa, 12 hours heat accumulation time calculated, and table 3 is heat storage can strapping tables roughly:
Table 1 Photospot solar heat accumulation generating heat storage can strapping table (rough calculation)
As can be seen from Table 1, compared with the cost of traditional 100,000 yuan of/kilowatt of left and right of solar energy cost, it is very low adopting the heat accumulation cost of high pressure water heat accumulation mode, and the heat accumulation cost of every kilowatt of installation is 1300 ~ 1600 yuan.Thereby prove that this patent has very high use value, will in solar electrical energy generation industry, play a significant role.
(5) cyclic water tank
Cyclic water tank is a water storage box for normal power generation and the generating of dependence heat accumulation.Its function is, in the time relying on heat accumulation generating, the heat energy that it collects solar thermal collector is by the water in heat exchanger circulating-heating cyclic water tank, by thermal energy storage in cyclic water tank.In the time relying on the solar energy direct generation of electricity, again this part accumulation of heat heat energy is discharged, supplement the generated output of solar energy.It not only takes full advantage of night and overcast and rainy solar energy, also the stability of system has been played to important function.Cyclic water tank still needs certain volume, and its cubical content can calculate and obtains according to the generate electricity saturation water that produces for 10 ~ 15 hours of heat accumulation.Approximately every kilowatt of electric motor power needs 0.4 cubic metre.Such as, approximately need the cyclic water tank of 1000m3 for the power station of 25MW, be equivalent to 1/4 left and right of heat storage can volume.
(6) control system
Control system need to design according to the functional requirement of Photospot solar heat accumulation power generation system.
(7) miscellaneous equipment
The miscellaneous equipment of Photospot solar heat accumulation power generation system, if steam turbine, generator, vapour condenser, cooling tower and feed water pump etc. are according to traditional Thermal Power Station's technical specification design
As shown in Figure 3, the present embodiment and embodiment's 2 difference is that described steam turbine is twin-tub steam turbine, is divided into steam turbine high-pressure cylinder and turbine low pressure cylinder; Described the second three-way pipe is connected with steam turbine high-pressure cylinder, and vapour condenser is connected with turbine low pressure cylinder; On described solar thermal collector, be also provided with the solar energy reheater 16 with import and outlet, its import is connected with steam turbine high-pressure cylinder, and outlet is connected with turbine low pressure cylinder.
The present embodiment is that the moisture content in order to solve the exhaust stage blade of steam turbine in supercritical state power generation system is higher, causes the problem of turbine blade cavitation erosion.If do not carry out special processing, steam just can not complete expansion in steam turbine, causes Efficiency Decreasing.Therefore, just need to take the method for resuperheat in order to improve unit efficiency, steam is carried out to double heating.For improving the efficiency of solar electrical energy generation, the utility model has designed the power generation system of the present embodiment.The present embodiment and embodiment's 1 flow process difference is only: first steam enter steam turbine high-pressure cylinder, in the time that steam turbine high-pressure cylinder acting expand into a certain degree, steam is drawn, and steam is sent into the solar energy reheater that is placed in solar heat collector, steam is heated to again to the temperature of designing requirement, and then steam after heating is sent into further expansion acting generating in turbine low pressure cylinder.Finally low temperature, low pressure steam are entered in vapour condenser coolingly, complete whole Photospot solar hot power generation cycle again.
Embodiment 4
As shown in Figure 4, the present embodiment and embodiment's 1 difference is to be also provided with successively between described heat exchanger and the first three-way pipe steam-water separator 17, steam superheater 18; Described steam-water separator communicates with heat exchanger, and described steam superheater is arranged on solar thermal collector, and is communicated with the first three-way pipe, is also provided with water supply control valve 27 between described cyclic water tank and heat exchanger.The power generation system of the present embodiment is in subcritical state.The present embodiment is mainly to consider that, under subcritical state, after water becomes, steam specific volume increases greatly, if adopt the mode of steam heat accumulation just to make the volume of heat storage can very huge.The present embodiment only stores for steam.The flow process of the present embodiment is: in sunlight abundance, unit is in the time that nominal situation moves, and subcritical steam enters steam turbine and changes heat energy into mechanical energy, and steam turbine drives generator to change mechanical energy into electric energy.The low pressure steam of discharging from steam turbine carries out cooling with the circulating water in cooling tower vapour condenser, low pressure steam is condensed into low pressure saturation water, low pressure saturation water is elevated to hydraulic pressure below critical pressure 22.798MPa by feed water pump, and high pressure water is sent in cyclic water tank, then enter from cyclic water tank the heat exchange that is placed in solar thermal collector and heat.Generating working medium (water) is heated to saturation temperature in heat exchanger, separates subsequently by steam-water separator, and steam is sent into and in steam superheater, is heated into superheated vapor.Finally enter turbine expansion acting generating by steam turbine main steam valve, just complete a circulation.
When sunlight is sufficient by day, because the steam producing is more, by steam heat storage can inlet adjusting valve, a part of high pressure steam is introduced in heat storage can and stored.At night, overcast and rainy, the steam that solar thermal collector produces while being not enough to generate electricity, is opened steam heat storage can discharge control valve, enters steam turbine power generation with the heat energy storing in heat storage can.
As shown in Figure 5, the present embodiment is that with embodiment 4 difference described steam-water separator is connected by the pipeline that is provided with circulating-heating safety check 19 with cyclic water tank.The present embodiment is connected steam-water separator with cyclic water tank, be to recycle for isolated steam-water separator liquid phase water is sent into cyclic water tank; Be simultaneously at night, overcast and rainyly can carry out circulating-heating to liquid phase water, its principle is identical with embodiment 2 with workflow.
As shown in Figure 6, the present embodiment and embodiment's 5 difference is that described steam turbine is twin-tub steam turbine, is divided into steam turbine high-pressure cylinder and turbine low pressure cylinder, and described the second three-way pipe is connected with steam turbine high-pressure cylinder; Between described steam-water separator and circulating-heating safety check, be also provided with the 4th three-way pipe 20; Between described the 4th three-way pipe and turbine low pressure cylinder, be also connected with saturation water entrance control valve 21, saturation water heat storage can 22, steam expanding vessel 23, development unit steam (vapor) outlet control valve 24 in turn, wherein saturation water entrance control valve is communicated with the 4th three-way pipe, and development unit steam (vapor) outlet control valve is connected with turbine low pressure cylinder; Described steam expanding vessel is also communicated with cyclic water tank by the pipeline that is provided with development unit saturation water discharge control valve 25.
The relative embodiment 4,5 of the present embodiment, also increase saturation water heat reservoir, this heat accumulation technique is: the saturation water part separating from steam-water separator enters cyclic water tank by safety check, enter in heat exchanger 3 and carry out circulating-heating by water supply control valve again, produce saturation water and saturated vapour.Another part saturation water enters heat accumulation in saturation water heat storage can by saturation water entrance control valve.Work as night, or when overcast and rainy need to generating with saturation water, open development unit steam (vapor) outlet control valve and development unit saturation water discharge control valve, the saturation water in saturation water heat storage can is sent in development unit and carried out flash distillation dilatation, produce saturated vapour and saturation water.The turbine low pressure cylinder that saturated vapour wherein enters steam turbine by development unit steam (vapor) outlet control valve expand acting and generating.The saturation water that development unit produces enters cyclic water tank by development unit saturation water discharge control valve, then carries out circulating-heating.
At night and overcast and rainy, still in operation, be that produced steam and saturation water is less from feed water pump, cyclic water tank and solar thermal collector, heat exchanger etc., be not enough to pushing turbine work.But because the utility model has designed heat storage can and saturation water heat storage can, generator still can normally be moved.
For guaranteeing the safe, reliable, efficient operation of the whole power generation system of the present embodiment, links and equipment are had to specific requirement.Fundamental function is as follows:
(1) solar thermal collector
Solar thermal collector be one by solar energy collecting, focus on and be delivered to the device of heat exchanger.By focusing principle, just the sunlight of diffusion and the radiant heat energy of air are gathered in a limited plane solar thermal collector.This plane is given thermal energy transfer acting working medium again as the heating heating surface of heat exchanger.
(2) heat exchanger
Heat exchanger refers to collects solar thermal collector, and the thermal energy transfer focusing on is to the device of working medium.The function of the heat exchanger of subcritical power generation system be with solar energy saturation water, or unsaturated water is heated into steam water interface, and sends into steam-water separator.The heat of solar energy and working medium is handed over the heat exchange mode that comprises direct transfer mode and pass through the intermediate transfer of heating agent.Directly transfer mode is that the heat energy of solar thermal collector collection is directly passed to working medium.Intermediate transfer refer to heat exchanger first by thermal energy transfer to heating agent, then by the thermal energy transfer of heating agent (such as oil) to working medium.
(3) steam heat storage can
Steam heat storage can is the container that stores superheated vapor.It has function high temperature resistant, high pressure, and has enough heat storage capacity, guarantees that Salar light-gathering energy-storing and power-generating system can move continuously.
(4) saturation water heat storage can
Except steam heat storage can, saturation water heat storage can is the saturation water heat vessel of subcritical power generation system.It bears power generation system and under night, overcast and rainy and damage condition, realizes the steadily function of generating together with steam heat storage can.
(5) development unit
Development unit is a kind of by step-down, cooling, relies on the physical thermal of saturation water a part of saturation water to be changed into the device of steam.Development unit in native system is steam by the fractional saturation water in saturation water heat storage can by dilatation decompression evaporation, and after dilatation, remaining low pressure saturation water is sent to cyclic water tank and is evaporating.The saturated vapour that dilatation is produced is sent into turbine low pressure cylinder and is continued the generating of doing work of expanding.
(6) steam turbine
Steam turbine is the device that the heat energy of steam is changed into mechanical energy.Steam turbine in native system is twin-tub steam turbine.The admission of high-pressure cylinder is wherein high pressure superheated steam, and a steam part for low pressure (LP) cylinder is the high-pressure cylinder later low pressure steam that does work, and another part is the low pressure steam producing by dilatation.This twin-tub steam turbine can form by particular design manufacture.
(7) cyclic water tank
Cyclic water tank is a water storage box for normal power generation and the generating of dependence heat accumulation.Its function is, in the time relying on heat accumulation generating, the heat energy that it collects solar thermal collector is by the water in heat exchanger circulating-heating cyclic water tank, by thermal energy storage in cyclic water tank.In the time relying on the solar energy direct generation of electricity, again this part accumulation of heat heat energy is discharged, supplement the generated output of solar energy.It not only takes full advantage of night and overcast and rainy solar energy, also the stability of system has been played to important function.Cyclic water tank still needs certain volume, and its cubical content can calculate and obtains according to the generate electricity saturation water that produces for 10 ~ 15 hours of heat accumulation.
(8) control system
The control more complicated of the subcritical heat accumulation power generation system of Photospot solar, can design according to the operation balance of the performance of each device and total system.
(9) miscellaneous equipment
The miscellaneous equipment of Photospot solar heat accumulation power generation system, if generator, vapour condenser, cooling tower and feed water pump etc. are according to traditional Thermal Power Station's technical specification design.
The utility model selects water as follows as the reason of heat-storage medium:
Water is a kind of nontoxic, free of contamination medium, and its specific heat and the latent heat of vaporization are all very large, have possessed the primary condition of large capacity heat accumulation.Particularly water is cooked working medium, just the same with the working medium of concentration solar generating, solar energy heat-storage system and solar power system can be linked to be to an entirety, thereby form stable, atemporal concentrating solar power generation system.
For research water is as the feasibility of working fluid for solar energy, inventor has gone out the status parameter under several operating modes by steam properties tabular.Table 2 is enthalpy and the specific volume tables under different operating modes.Wherein, 22.798MPa is the critical pressure of water.
The enthalpy of table 2 water and specific volume table
According to table 2, if adopt water as heat accumulation working medium, obtain the quantity of heat storage of every cubic metre of volume under different operating modes, refer to table 3:
The unit volume energy storage table of table 3 water under different operating modes
Unit: 10
5kJ/m3
See from table 3, when pressure exceedes 1MPa, when temperature exceedes 100 ℃, the heat storage capacity of water can reach 4～10 × 10
5kJ/m3.Be equivalent to 2～4 times of paraffin heat storage capacity.According to the thermal properties of water, so claimant's innovation and creation Photospot solar water heat accumulation power generation system.
According to above-described embodiment, just can realize well the utility model.What deserves to be explained is; under prerequisite based on said structure design; for solving same technical problem; even if some that make on the utility model are without substantial change or polishing; the essence of the technological scheme adopting is still the same with the utility model, therefore it also should be in protection domain of the present utility model.
Claims (6)
1. Photospot solar water heat accumulation power generation system, it is characterized in that, comprise heat exchanger (2), steam turbine (7), generator (8), vapour condenser (9), cooling tower (10), feed water pump (11), cyclic water tank (12), heat storage can (4) with water intake and water outlet, and be used to heat exchanger that the solar thermal collector (1) of thermal source is provided; Described heat exchanger water outlet is connected with heat storage can by the first three-way pipe (13), heat storage can is connected with steam turbine by the second three-way pipe (14), steam turbine is connected with vapour condenser with generator respectively, vapour condenser is connected with feed water pump with cooling tower respectively, feed water pump is connected with cyclic water tank, and cyclic water tank is also connected with the water outlet of heat exchanger; Between described the first three-way pipe and heat storage can, be provided with heat storage can inlet adjusting valve (3), between heat storage can and the second three-way pipe, be provided with heat storage can discharge control valve (5), between the first three-way pipe and the second three-way pipe, be provided with Steam Turbine's Main Vaper Valve (6).
2. Photospot solar water heat accumulation power generation system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, is also provided with the 3rd three-way pipe (15) between described the first three-way pipe and Steam Turbine's Main Vaper Valve; Cyclic water tank is connected with the 3rd three-way pipe by the pipeline that is provided with circulating water control valve (26).
3. Photospot solar water heat accumulation power generation system according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described steam turbine is twin-tub steam turbine, is divided into steam turbine high-pressure cylinder and turbine low pressure cylinder; Described the second three-way pipe is connected with steam turbine high-pressure cylinder, and vapour condenser is connected with turbine low pressure cylinder; On described solar thermal collector, be also provided with the solar energy reheater (16) with import and outlet, its import is connected with steam turbine high-pressure cylinder, and outlet is connected with turbine low pressure cylinder.
4. Photospot solar water heat accumulation power generation system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, is also provided with successively steam-water separator (17), steam superheater (18) between described heat exchanger and the first three-way pipe; Described steam-water separator communicates with heat exchanger, and described steam superheater is arranged on solar thermal collector, and is communicated with the first three-way pipe.
5. Photospot solar water heat accumulation power generation system according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described steam-water separator is connected by the pipeline that is provided with circulating-heating safety check (19) with cyclic water tank.
6. Photospot solar water heat accumulation power generation system according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described steam turbine is twin-tub steam turbine, is divided into steam turbine high-pressure cylinder and turbine low pressure cylinder, and described the second three-way pipe is connected with steam turbine high-pressure cylinder; Between described steam-water separator and circulating-heating safety check, be also provided with the 4th three-way pipe (20); Between described the 4th three-way pipe and turbine low pressure cylinder, be also connected with saturation water entrance control valve (21), saturation water heat storage can (22), steam expanding vessel (23), development unit steam (vapor) outlet control valve (24) in turn, wherein saturation water entrance control valve is communicated with the 4th three-way pipe, and development unit steam (vapor) outlet control valve is connected with turbine low pressure cylinder; Described steam expanding vessel is also communicated with cyclic water tank by the pipeline that is provided with development unit saturation water discharge control valve (25).
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103790792A (en) * | 2014-02-19 | 2014-05-14 | 赖泽民 | Condensation solar energy water heat storage power generation system |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103790792A (en) * | 2014-02-19 | 2014-05-14 | 赖泽民 | Condensation solar energy water heat storage power generation system |
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