CN203615914U - 一种超低频位移计 - Google Patents

一种超低频位移计 Download PDF

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CN203615914U
CN203615914U CN201320835265.4U CN201320835265U CN203615914U CN 203615914 U CN203615914 U CN 203615914U CN 201320835265 U CN201320835265 U CN 201320835265U CN 203615914 U CN203615914 U CN 203615914U
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displacement meter
weight
spring
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禹见达
卢旭阳
邹树荣
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Hunan University of Science and Technology
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Hunan University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

本实用新型公开了一种超低频位移计。包括重锤、弹簧,所述重锤上端与弹簧相连,重锤和弹簧置于密闭容器内,密闭容器内灌满油,重锤为空心的。本实用新型的位移计结构简单,不需要复杂的伺服电路就能实现超低频振动结构的动位移的测量。

Description

一种超低频位移计
技术领域
本实用新型涉及一种位移计,具体涉及一种超低频位移计。
背景技术
随着高柔建筑结构、长大桥梁的不断出现,结构基频不断降低,结构振动位移的测量越来越困难。对于这些超大型结构振动位移的测量,找到一近距离参考点进行相对位移的测量变得非常困难,只能采用惯性式位移计进行振动位移测量。惯性式位移计的原理如图1所示。
惯性式位移计的固有频率为:
f = 1 2 π k m = 1 2 π g δ s - - - ( 1 )
其中k为弹簧刚度,m为重锤质量,g为重力加速度,δs为弹簧在重锤重力作用下的静力变形。由结构动力学知识可知:当被测结构的振动频率为惯性式位移计固有频率的2.5倍以上时,可通过重锤对结构的相对位移来测量结构振动位移。对于超低频率振动的结构位移测量,为了使位移计的固有频率满足要求,其重锤质量大,弹簧刚度小,重锤引起的弹簧静力变形非常大,以至于无法实现。现有的超低频位移计需要采用伺服电路,使用较复杂。
发明内容
针对上述技术问题,本实用新型提供一种使用简单、无需使用伺服电路的超低频位移计。
本实用新型解决上述技术问题的技术方案为:一种超低频位移计,包括重锤、弹簧,所述重锤上端与弹簧相连,所述重锤和弹簧置于密闭容器内,弹簧固定在密闭容器上端,所述密闭容器内灌满油。
上述的超低频位移计,所述重锤是空心的。
将重锤加工成空心球体,将弹簧和重锤置于密闭容器中,制作出一个普通的惯性式位移计。
用油灌满整个容器,油为重锤提供浮力及阻尼力,通过改变重锤的外形,可获得需要的阻尼力大小。
周围液体介质的加入并不改变位移计的固有频率,当重锤的表观密度ρ1=m/V比周围液体介质的密度略大时,弹簧静力变形将变得很小;只要重锤的表观密度与周围液体介质的密度足够接近,就可以使位移计获得足够低的固有频率,从而满足对超低频振动结构的动位移的测量。
与现有技术相比,本实用新型的有益效果在于:
(1)本实用新型的位移计结构简单,不需要复杂的伺服电路就能实现超低频振动结构的动位移的测量;
(2)本实用新型的重锤为空心金属球体,能实现重锤的表观密度比周围液体介质的密度略大;
(3)本实用新型的重锤的表观密度与油的密度之比可以调整,从而可获得满足各种超低频结构振动位移测量的位移计;
(4)本实用新型的重锤外形也可以根据实际情况改变,以获得需要的阻尼力大小。
附图说明
图1为普通惯性式位移计的原理结构示意图。
图2为本实用新型的原理结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本实用新型做进一步说明。
如图2所示,本实用新型包括重锤1、弹簧2,重锤1上端与弹簧2相连,重锤1和弹簧2置于密闭容器3内,弹簧2固定在密闭容器3上端,密闭容器3内灌满油4。油4为重锤1提供浮力及阻尼力,通过改变重锤1的外形,可获得需要的阻尼力大小。重锤1为空心的,通过调整重锤1空心占的比例以及重锤1的大小,调整重锤1的表观密度与油4的密度之比,从而可获得满足各种超低频结构振动位移测量的位移计。

Claims (2)

1.一种超低频位移计,包括重锤、弹簧,所述重锤上端与弹簧相连,其特征在于:所述重锤和弹簧置于密闭容器内,弹簧固定在密闭容器上端,所述密闭容器内灌满油。
2.根据权利要求1所述的超低频位移计,其特征在于:所述重锤是空心的。
CN201320835265.4U 2013-12-17 2013-12-17 一种超低频位移计 Expired - Fee Related CN203615914U (zh)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104930974A (zh) * 2015-06-15 2015-09-23 厦门理工学院 一种无需固定直接测量测点动位移的位移计

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104930974A (zh) * 2015-06-15 2015-09-23 厦门理工学院 一种无需固定直接测量测点动位移的位移计

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