CN203577636U - Catering cooking fume integrated treatment system - Google Patents
Catering cooking fume integrated treatment system Download PDFInfo
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- CN203577636U CN203577636U CN201320726903.9U CN201320726903U CN203577636U CN 203577636 U CN203577636 U CN 203577636U CN 201320726903 U CN201320726903 U CN 201320726903U CN 203577636 U CN203577636 U CN 203577636U
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Abstract
The utility model belongs to the field of environmental protection and application, and relates to a catering cooking fume integrated treatment system composed of a bipolar pre-charging device I, an alternating electric field coagulating and trapping device II and a plasma catalytic purification device III, wherein the bipolar pre-charging device I is communicated to the alternating electric field coagulating and trapping device II; and the alternating electric field coagulating and trapping device II is communicated to the plasma catalytic purification device III. The integrated treatment system can achieve removal efficiency for more than 99% on small-size cooking fume particles which are about 1-10 microns. Most residual superfine cooking fume aerosol and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) less than 1 micron in the cooking fume, under strong corona discharge, are decomposed into CO2 and H2O through catalytic oxidation under a synergistic effect of generated strong oxidizing radical and catalyst, and odor is removed simultaneously, so that purified gas is directly discharged into atmosphere. The integrated treatment system meets current Emission Standard of Cooking Fume in Catering Industry (GB18483-2001) and higher requirements revised depending on future standard.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to environmental protection applied technical field, relates generally to a kind of oil smoke of catering industry integrated processing system, is a kind of effective cleaning treatment system that can simultaneously remove aerosol in kitchen fumes, VOCs and peculiar smell.
Background technology
People almost " talk the change of PM2.5 look " now, but hardly realize important emission source of PM2.5 just with us, i.e. kitchen fumes.Kitchen fumes waste gas and industrial waste gas, motor-vehicle tail-gas are regarded as three large " the polluting killer " in city, and the contribution rate of PM2.5 is surpassed to 10%.
Under hot conditions, can there is thermal decomposition or cracking in edible oil and food, form the mixture of a kind of gaseous state, liquid state and solid-state 3 kinds of organic forms, i.e. oil smoke.Different according to form, mixture liquid and particulate solid is called mist of oil, and particle diameter is between 0.010～10 μ m; Gaseous state part is discharged as volatile organic matter (VOCs).In kitchen fumes, many kinds of detectable VOCs300.Kitchen fumes belongs to low-altitude discharged more, much to the contribution of the Atmospheric particulates such as PM2.5, and mist of oil can be formed directly in PM2.5 after discharging, and VOCs is by aerial chemical reaction, also can form PM2.5.
The complicated component of kitchen fumes, has certain toxicity on inhalation, immunotoxicity and causes change toxicity.Large quantity research shows, exists the cytogenetic toxicity material of different biological effects such as can making chromosome damage, DNA damage in kitchen fumes, has mutagenicity.Research report of Britain claims, on the cooker poor in ventilating system, burning usefulness is extremely low, cooks 1 hour, and the infringement that health is caused, is equivalent to inhale two bag cigarettes every day.One of Shanghai Univ. of Traditional Chinese Medicine reaches the epidemiology of lung cancer investigation of 5 years and has also found same problem.The case-control study for female lung cancer of one of Shanghai Second Emdical University is found, the risk factor of female lung cancer is except smoking, have substantial connection with the air pollution of kitchen subenvironment, in crowd, the generation of 51% lung squamous cancer and 61% adenocarcinoma of lung should be owing to family kitchen fume pollution.
And the amount of kitchen fumes discharge is also very considerable.According to national Pollutant source investigation data for the first time, the total food and beverage enterprise 175.07 * 10 of China in 2010
4family, wherein the above catering trade of scale is 21595, accounts for sum 1.2%.China's refined edible vegetable oil output 3878.54 * 10 in 2010
4t, wherein town dweller on average buys edible vegetable oil 8.84kg for each person every year, and rural area is 6.31kg, and resident consumes vegetable oil 1015.57 * 10 every year
4t, cooking fume VOCs emission factor is that 5.03g/kg is often only family cooking and can produces VOCs 5.1 * 10
4t.
Meanwhile, aspect kitchen fumes improvement, there is again many weak links.Aspect the pollution of control kitchen fumes, China has put into effect a series of laws and regulations, comprise < < Law of Environmental Protection of the People's Republic of China > >, the < < cooking fume discharge standard > > (GB18483-2001) of < < The Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Atmospheric Pollution > > and enforcement from 1 day January in 2002, for kitchen fumes, discharge has clearly regulation.But China's kitchen fumes improvement aspect still has problems:
First be that supervision aspect is faced very large challenge.Due to reasons such as technology, fund and environmental consciousness weaknesses, sub-fraction catering service enterprise also fails to install as requested fume purifier of fume, the part catering service enterprise that fume purifier of fume is installed aspect daily operation to power.
Secondly, aspect kitchen fumes discharge standard, also having problems.It is reported, the < < cooking fume discharge standard > > (GB18483-2001) of the issue in 2002 that China continues to use always has at present stipulated that the highest permission concentration of emission of catering trade unit's oil smoke is 2.0mg/m
3, but do not stipulate the concentration of emission of VOCs.
The 3rd, the oil smoke discharge of family kitchen can not be ignored.Although smoke exhaust ventilator has all been installed by most of families, the effect of smoke exhaust ventilator, just by outside oil smoke discharge chamber, does not reach catharsis.Expert thinks, so numerous family's oil smoke discharge amounts also should not be underestimated.
At present, kitchen fumes treatment technology mainly contains following several both at home and abroad:
(1) mechanical cleaning method
Mechanical cleaning ratio juris is to utilize the quality of smoke particle to be greater than air quality, by gravity, centrifugal force, inertia force etc., smoke particle is separated, to reach the object of purification.Mechanical cleaning method is used equipment simple, and pressure drop is little, and cost is less, but the efficiency of removing oil smoke is not high, conventionally only has 50% ~ 70%, and the composition less to particle diameter is often difficult to reach separating effect, and separated pollutants from cooking fume is easily piled knot and not easy cleaning, generally a pretreatment as process for purifying.
(2) High-voltage electrostatic purification method
The principle of High-voltage electrostatic purification is to make oil flue waste gas pass through high voltage electric field, make soot particles charged under the effect of electric field force deposition under, to reach the object of purification.The small investment of this equipment, take up an area little, resistance is little, non-secondary pollution.Owing to easily catching the less oil droplet of particle diameter, purification efficiency Gao Keda 85 ~ 95%.But the grease viscosity forming is higher, not easy cleaning; If can cause secondary pollution with cleaning agent cleaning, long-term use can form one deck oil lamella on dust collecting electrode surface, and purification efficiency is declined to a great extent.
(3) washing absorption method
Washing absorption method is that absorption liquid is contacted with oil flue waste gas, thereby make pollutant transfer to liquid phase from gas phase, is removed.The hydro-vent that common washing absorption technique is connected with gas skirt for spray, circulation moisture film etc.The efficiency that washing absorption method is processed oil flue waste gas is high, and the pollutant SO that burning is produced
2, NO
xdeng also there being certain removal effect.This device structure is simple, small investment occupation of land is little, operating cost is low, maintenance management is convenient; But exist, resistance is large, the shortcoming of generation oily water secondary pollution, and purification efficiency is generally in 80% left and right.
(4) filter absorption method
Thereby filter absorption ratio juris and be the particle and the filtering material inertial collision that utilize in oil flue waste gas, hold back and spread to deposit under acting in conjunction and be caught to combine in the effect that reaches purification in filtrate.Conventional filtering material has active carbon, filter cloth, fiber, pottery and some special ore materials as sepiolite etc., wherein extensive with active carbon.The pore size of filtrate, thickness, particle particle diameter and filtration velocity are the principal elements that affects removal efficiency.This equipment investment is few, operating cost is low, non-secondary pollution, maintenance management convenient; But there is the shortcoming that resistance is large, take up an area greatly, need often to change filtrate.Purification efficiency is generally at 80-90%.
(5) thermal oxide burning method and catalytic purification method
Thermal oxide burning method be utilize pick into reaction, convert the toxic component in cooking fume to safe condition, be applicable to large-scale catering industry.Catalytic purification method is to adopt the various catalyst with self-purification function, in gastronomical process, by catalytic oxidation combustion, oil droplet is converted into CO
2and water vapour, thereby pollution abatement and stink are applicable to small and medium restaurant.
(6) biological degradation method
Biological degradation method is to utilize specific microorganism the degradation of pollutants from cooking fume to be reached to the object of purification.Microorganism has degradation capability to the most of composition in oil smoke, can utilize oil smoke to tame cultivation to mud, when it possesses certain degradation capability, by mud biofilm in packed tower, when oil flue waste gas by time can be absorbed degraded.Biological degradation method temperature influence is larger, when the higher oil smoke of temperature by time degradation effect can reduce.
Kitchen fumes waste gas all has larger harm to environment and the mankind, and along with socioeconomic development, the pollution of oil flue waste gas has the trend of further expansion, therefore, further investigate its pollution control technology, significant for control and improvement oil flue waste gas.Adopt single method to carry out purified treatment to oil flue waste gas, often exist treatment effect undesirable, easily cause the shortcomings such as secondary pollution, and composite purification technology adopts multiple purification method coupling, by having complementary advantages, maximize favourable factors and minimize unfavourable ones, can obtain good effect, this is the developing direction of kitchen fumes waste gas purification also.
Therefore, the utility model proposes a kind of new kitchen fumes integral treatment method, when having realized aerosol in kitchen fumes, VOCs and peculiar smell, remove, can meet existing < < cooking fume discharge standard > > (GB18483-2001), also by the requirements at the higher level that meet after following standard revision.
Summary of the invention
1, goal of the invention:
The purpose of this utility model is can only realize larger smoke particle place to go for solving in existing kitchen fumes treatment technology, can not effectively remove the problem of ultra-fine cooking fume colloidal sol, VOCs and peculiar smell below 1 μ m simultaneously, and a kind of effective kitchen fumes integrated processing system proposing, this system effectiveness is high, and secondary pollution is little.
2, technical scheme:
The utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:
Kitchen fumes integrated processing system, is characterized in that: this system consists of the pre-charge device of bipolarity, AC field coalescence capturing device and plasma-catalytic purifier; The pre-charge device of bipolarity is communicated with AC field coalescence capturing device, and AC field coalescence capturing device is communicated with plasma-catalytic purifier; In the pre-charge device of bipolarity, be alternatingly arranged with positive polarity corona discharge electrode, earthing pole and negative polarity corona discharge electrode, positive polarity corona discharge electrode is connected with direct current positive high voltage power supply, and negative polarity corona discharge electrode is connected with the first negative direct current high voltage power supply, the equal ground connection of all plate electrodes; The battery lead plate that has been arranged in parallel in AC field coalescence capturing device, battery lead plate is connected with AC power; In plasma-catalytic purifier, be disposed with multistylus electrode, metallic sieve, porous catalyst layer and metallic sieve electrode, multistylus electrode, metallic sieve and porous catalyst layer maintain spacing, multistylus electrode is connected with the second negative direct current high voltage power supply, porous catalyst layer is connected with metallic sieve electrode, metallic sieve electrode grounding.
Multistylus electrode, metallic sieve and porous catalyst layer maintain spacing.
Porous catalyst layer is MnO
x/ Al
2o
3porous catalyst layer.
3, advantage and effect:
(1) by bipolarity charged-AC field coagulation realized oil smoke particle diameter in kitchen fumes and, from the large process of little change, be more conducive to the trapping of 1 ~ 10 tiny smoke particle in μ m left and right, more than clearance can reach 99 % in advance;
(2) by plasma-catalytic purifier, the main catalyzed oxidation Decomposition such as the ultra-fine aerosol in oil smoke and VOCs are CO
2and H
2o removes peculiar smell simultaneously, and secondary pollution is little;
(3) under natural air, the catalyst in plasma-catalytic purifier can be realized in-situ regeneration, has improved the service life of catalyst;
(4) this technology meets existing < < cooking fume discharge standard > > (GB18483-2001), also by the requirements at the higher level that meet after following standard revision.
accompanying drawing explanation:
Accompanying drawing 1 is kitchen fumes integrated processing system schematic diagram in the utility model.
Description of reference numerals:
I, the pre-charge device of bipolarity; II, AC field coalescence capturing device; III, plasma-catalytic purifier; 1, direct current positive high voltage power supply; 2, the first negative direct current high voltage power supply; 3, AC power; 4, the second negative direct current high voltage power supply; 5, multistylus electrode; 6, metallic sieve; 7, porous catalyst layer; 8, metallic sieve electrode; A, positive polarity corona discharge electrode; B, earthing pole; C, negative polarity corona discharge electrode.
the specific embodiment:
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is described further,
The present invention relates to a kind of kitchen fumes integrated processing system, as shown in fig. 1, this system consists of the pre-charge device I of bipolarity, AC field coalescence capturing device II and plasma-catalytic purifier III; The pre-charge device I of bipolarity is communicated with AC field coalescence capturing device II, and AC field coalescence capturing device II is communicated with plasma-catalytic purifier III; In the pre-charge device I of bipolarity, be alternatingly arranged with positive polarity corona discharge electrode a, earthing pole b and negative polarity corona discharge electrode c, positive polarity corona discharge electrode a is connected with direct current positive high voltage power supply 1, and negative polarity corona discharge electrode c is connected with the first negative direct current high voltage power supply 2, the equal ground connection of all plate electrodes; The battery lead plate that has been arranged in parallel in AC field coalescence capturing device II, battery lead plate is connected with AC power 3; In plasma-catalytic purifier III, be disposed with multistylus electrode 5, metallic sieve 6, porous catalyst layer 7 and metallic sieve electrode 8, multistylus electrode 5 is connected with the second negative direct current high voltage power supply 4, porous catalyst layer 7 is connected with metallic sieve electrode 8, metallic sieve electrode 8 ground connection.
Multistylus electrode 5, metallic sieve 6 maintain spacing with porous catalyst layer 7.
Above-mentioned porous catalyst layer 7 is MnO
x/ Al
2o
3porous catalyst layer
The method of carrying out kitchen fumes integrated treatment by said system is as follows: through the kitchen fumes of smoke exhaust (mechanical cleaning method), wherein the above large particle diameter smoke particle of most 10 μ m can be removed.The following small particle diameter smoke particle of remaining 10 μ m and VOCs are by the positive and negative corona charging device of the pre-charge device of bipolarity inside; small particle diameter smoke particle wherein can be distinguished the positive polarity electric charge contrary with negative polarity on lotus; then mutually mix with VOCs and together enter again in AC field coalescence capturing device; the small particle diameter smoke particle with opposite polarity electric charge attracts each other, collides, is condensed into the smoke particle that particle diameter is larger in alternating electric field, and is caught by upper and lower entrapment plate.In AC field coalescence capturing device, can realize 1 ~ 10 more than 99% removal of μ m left and right small particle diameter smoke particle.The following ultra-fine cooking fume colloidal sol of 1 μ m and the VOCs that do not obtain trapping enter in plasma purification device.In plasma-catalytic purifier, original O in gas
2, H
2there are a series of nonequilibrium plasma chemical reactions and generate O in the moments such as O
3, H
2o
2, HO
2, the oxyradical such as OH, the free radical of these strong oxidizing properties accompanies by under the concerted catalysis effect of catalyst, in 1 ~ 5s, the Quick Oxidations such as the ultra-fine cooking fume colloidal sol in oil smoke and VOCs is degraded into little molecular state material, and further resolves into CO
2and H
2o has removed the peculiar smell of oil smoke simultaneously, and purified gas is directly drained in natural atmosphere.In addition, adsorb for a long time oil smoke and the catalyst of inactivation passes under the condition of natural air in plasma-catalytic purifier, the strong oxidative free radical producing by nonequilibrium plasma chemical reaction can further be regenerated.
(1) in Fig. 1, I is the pre-charge device of bipolarity.Its structure is that positive polarity corona discharge electrode a, earthing pole b, negative polarity corona discharge electrode c alternately arrange, forms the pre-charging area of multichannel bipolarity.Wherein, positive polarity corona discharge electrode a is connected with direct current positive high voltage power supply 1, and negative polarity corona discharge electrode c is connected with the first negative direct current high voltage power supply 2, the equal ground connection of all plate electrodes.After applying respectively with positive and negative high direct voltage on the positive and negative polarity corona discharge electrode of alternately arranging, can produce strong corona discharge, make gas around that ionization and excitation occur, thereby make to come from the following small particle diameter smoke particle of 10 μ m of smoke exhaust when by the pre-charge device I of bipolarity, respectively become positively charged lotus and negative electrical charge of lotus promptly.
(2) in Fig. 1, II is AC field coalescence capturing device.Its structure is the battery lead plate being arranged in parallel, and is connected with AC power 3.On battery lead plate, apply with after alternating current, between parallel-plate, can produce alternating electric field.Through step (1), lotus becomes positively charged after the small particle diameter smoke particle of lotus and negative electrical charge mixes mutually by the changeover portion between the pre-charge device I of bipolarity and AC field coalescence capturing device II respectively, enter into fast AC field coalescence capturing device II, under the effect of alternating electric field, accelerate the relative motion with the small particle diameter smoke particle of opposed polarity electric charge, be more conducive to attracting each other between them, collision becomes the smoke particle of large particle diameter with coalescence.Meanwhile, under the effect of electric field force, again the smoke particle of large particle diameter is trapped on battery lead plate.In oil smoke, 1 ~ 10 μ m left and right small particle diameter smoke particle is after AC field coalescence capturing device II, and clearance can reach more than 99%.
(3) in Fig. 1, III is plasma-catalytic purifier.Its structure is that multistylus electrode 5, metallic sieve 6, porous catalyst layer 7 and metallic sieve electrode 8 are arranged in order.Between multistylus electrode 5, metallic sieve 6, porous catalyst layer 7, keep certain spacing, and porous catalyst layer 7 is connected with metallic sieve electrode 8,5 of multistylus electrodes are connected with the second negative direct current high voltage power supply 4, metallic sieve electrode 8 ground connection.After applying with negative direct current high voltage on multistylus electrode 5; conventionally can between multistylus electrode 5 and metallic sieve electrode 8, produce strong negative corona discharge; but under this discharge electrode structure, corona discharge is inhomogeneous; therefore the nonequilibrium plasma producing is also uneven distribution, and this will have influence on carrying out smoothly of plasma chemical reaction in space reactor.If introduce metallic sieve 6 between multistylus electrode 5 and metallic sieve electrode 8, the space charge that its role is to that multistylus electrode 5 is discharged is distributed on metallic sieve 6 again, between metallic sieve 6 and metallic sieve electrode 8, just can form uniform electric discharge phenomena like this, and promote uniform nonequilibrium plasma to produce.And the introducing of porous catalyst layer 7 is not only for catalytic degradation cooking fume colloidal sol and VOCs consideration, Another reason is that the existence of porous catalyst layer 7 can improve the amount of nonequilibrium plasma in corona discharge space, and its principle is that (anti-corona is in electric cleaner, to be deposited on the partial discharge phenomenon that the high resistivity dust layer on polar board surface produces based on back corona phenomenon.High resistivity dust is difficult for discharging after arriving dust collecting pole plate.Its polarity and corona discharge electrode are identical, just repel Charged afterwards, because the electric charge release of dust layer is slow, between dust, form larger electric potential gradient, when the electric-field intensity in dust layer is greater than its critical value, will between the space of dust layer, produce partial breakdown, produce and the opposite polarity cation of corona discharge electrode, and to corona discharge electrode motion, in and the electronegative particle of corona discharge electrode.It shows as electric current increase, lower voltage).Porous catalyst layer 7 has very high ratio resistance, and its existence has realized the back corona phenomenon of 8, multistylus electrode 5 and metallic sieve electrode, has improved the corona current density in discharge space, has further promoted the generation of nonequilibrium plasma in discharge space.Under the acting in conjunction of metallic sieve 6 and porous catalyst layer 7, promoted generation and the uniformity of the nonequilibrium plasma in multistylus electrode 5 and metallic sieve electrode 8 discharge spaces, be more conducive to promote O in gas
2, H
2there are a series of nonequilibrium plasma chemical reactions and generate O in O etc.
3, H
2o
2, HO
2, the strong oxidative free radical such as OH.The catalytic action of the collaborative porous catalyst layer 7 of these strong oxidative free radicals, can become little molecular state material by quick catalysis oxidative degradations such as the following ultra-fine cooking fume colloidal sol of 1 μ m residual in oil smoke and VOCs, and further resolve into CO
2and H
2o removes the peculiar smell of oil smoke simultaneously.
(4), after operation a period of time, porous catalyst layer 7 may be because of absorption oil smoke inactivation.Stopping the pre-charge device I of bipolarity, AC field coalescence capturing device II, and opening in the situation of plasma-catalytic purifier III, passing into natural air, the principle based in step (3) equally, the O forming in discharge space
3, H
2o
2, HO
2, the oil smoke that adsorbs in can oxidation Decomposition porous catalyst layer 7 ducts of the strong oxidative free radical such as OH, thereby realize the regeneration of catalyst, in the life-span of extending catalyst, realize the in-situ regeneration of catalyst.
This kitchen fumes integrated processing system of the utility model, fume purifying is thorough, efficiency is high, when having realized aerosol in kitchen fumes, VOCs and peculiar smell, removes simultaneously, and final primary product is CO
2and H
2o, secondary pollution is little, this technology not only meets existing < < cooking fume discharge standard > > (GB18483-2001), also by meeting the requirement of following revised standard to gaseous contaminant in kitchen fume and peculiar smell discharging, be suitable for applying.
Claims (3)
1. kitchen fumes integrated processing system, is characterized in that: this system consists of the pre-charge device of bipolarity (I), AC field coalescence capturing device (II) and plasma-catalytic purifier (III); The pre-charge device of bipolarity (I) is communicated with AC field coalescence capturing device (II), and AC field coalescence capturing device (II) is communicated with plasma-catalytic purifier (III); In the pre-charge device of bipolarity (I), be alternatingly arranged with positive polarity corona discharge electrode (a), earthing pole (b) and negative polarity corona discharge electrode (c), positive polarity corona discharge electrode (a) is connected with direct current positive high voltage power supply (1), negative polarity corona discharge electrode (c) is connected with the first negative direct current high voltage power supply (2), the equal ground connection of all plate electrodes; The battery lead plate that has been arranged in parallel in AC field coalescence capturing device (II), battery lead plate is connected with AC power (3); In plasma-catalytic purifier (III), be disposed with multistylus electrode (5), metallic sieve (6), porous catalyst layer (7) and metallic sieve electrode (8), multistylus electrode (5), metallic sieve (6) maintain spacing with porous catalyst layer (7), multistylus electrode (5) is connected with the second negative direct current high voltage power supply (4), porous catalyst layer (7) is connected with metallic sieve electrode (8), metallic sieve electrode (8) ground connection.
2. kitchen fumes integrated processing system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: multistylus electrode (5), metallic sieve (6) maintain spacing with porous catalyst layer (7).
3. kitchen fumes integrated processing system according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: porous catalyst layer (7) is MnO
x/ Al
2o
3porous catalyst layer.
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| CN201320726903.9U CN203577636U (en) | 2013-11-18 | 2013-11-18 | Catering cooking fume integrated treatment system |
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| CN201320726903.9U CN203577636U (en) | 2013-11-18 | 2013-11-18 | Catering cooking fume integrated treatment system |
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| CN103566753A (en) * | 2013-11-18 | 2014-02-12 | 沈阳工业大学 | Cooking oil fume integrated treatment system and method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103566753A (en) * | 2013-11-18 | 2014-02-12 | 沈阳工业大学 | Cooking oil fume integrated treatment system and method |
| CN103566753B (en) * | 2013-11-18 | 2017-01-18 | 沈阳工业大学 | Cooking oil fume integrated treatment system and method |
| CN104142289A (en) * | 2014-07-24 | 2014-11-12 | 北京大学 | Online monitoring system for atmospheric aerosol |
| CN104588209A (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2015-05-06 | 上海安平静电科技有限公司 | Method for removing fine particulate matters in air under condition of home environment |
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| CN108541124A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-09-14 | 浙江大维高新技术股份有限公司 | A kind of honeycomb low temperature plasma generating means and its application method |
| CN108480048A (en) * | 2018-06-11 | 2018-09-04 | 山东山创环境科技有限公司 | A kind of fume purifier of fume of line discharge technology |
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