CN203547032U

CN203547032U - Skylight

Info

Publication number: CN203547032U
Application number: CN201190000577.2U
Authority: CN
Inventors: B·韦恩斯; C·爱奥尼斯古; D·尼姆图; R·德基赛尔; J·德梅耶; M·米歇尔森斯
Original assignee: ECONATION; Universiteit Gent
Current assignee: ECONATION; Universiteit Gent
Priority date: 2010-04-27
Filing date: 2011-04-27
Publication date: 2014-04-16
Anticipated expiration: 2021-04-27
Also published as: WO2011135524A1; BE1019319A5

Abstract

Provided is a skylight which is used for distributing daylight in a building. The skylight comprises a daylight distributing device (10-12) assembled in an opening of a roof of the building, and comprises a reflector device (1) which is rotatably installed above the daylight distributing devices and is used for providing reflected light for the daylight distributing devices; the reflector device comprises a reflector (3), a motor (15) used for rotating the reflector device, and a controller (5) used for controlling the motor; the controller comprises a measuring device (6-9) which is arranged to measure the intensity of the incident light on the reflector; the measuring device comprises a first light sensor (6), a second light sensor (7) and a shading element (8) which is arranged to produce shadows on the first and the second light sensors; and the light intensity measured by the first and the second light sensors is provided for the controller (5), so the best to-be-adjusted position can be determined.

Description

Skylight

Technical field

The utility model relates to for scatter the skylight of daylight at building.

Background technology

Skylight is for example from US-B6, and 493,145 is known.This known skylight comprises, is arranged on the light dissemination apparatus in building roof opening, and is rotatably installed in this daylight dissemination apparatus top, and to this light dissemination apparatus cremasteric reflex reflection of light lens device.This reflector apparatus comprises, the speculum providing by roof openings for reflected sunlight, for the motor of rotary reflection lens device and for driving the driver of this motor, make this reflector apparatus be brought to optimum position, in this optimum position, light as much as possible is reflected and passes through roof openings.Control is the position based on the sun.The optimum position of reflector apparatus is calculated according to time point (point in time) and the position of going up at the earth's surface.

From US-B6,493,145 known skylights, have and control complicated and coarse shortcoming.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this utility model, being to provide a kind ofly has simple control and obtains the reflector apparatus skylight of optimum position more accurately.

This object is used according to skylight of the present utility model and is reached.

In addition, the measurement mechanism of measuring the incident intensity on speculum and providing is provided this controller, wherein this measurement mechanism is furnished with first and second optical sensor and the shading element that is arranged to produce shade on the first or second optical sensor, and the processor of the intensity of measuring for the treatment of optical sensor.This controller is provided, and for according to the light intensity of being measured by the first and second optical sensors, determines best adjusted position.

Specifically, the adjusted position of this best is that light intensity from being measured by first sensor is determined with respect to the difference between those light intensity by the second sensor measurement.This poor in light intensity, is when the position of reflector apparatus is not the best, is incident upon that shade on the first/the second sensor produces by shading element.

Thanks to according to measurement mechanism of the present utility model and controller, in the actual measurement of the incident intensity on these two sensors, be to be also incident on the basis of measurement of the intensity on speculum, retrieval and to preserve optimum position obtained.Like this, according to prior art, the errors present of the reflector apparatus that can be caused by the error of time point and/or the position of going up at the earth's surface, can be avoided according to the utility model, and retentive control is simultaneously simple.In addition, mode like this, the local obstacle or the element that produce shade, such as the antenna box of next-door neighbour's dome, near high protuberance, on same roof, the difference etc. of gradient is taken into account, the preferential orientation of reflector apparatus is obtained during also can be in the daytime.In preferred embodiment of the present utility model, this controller is furnished with electronic compass, and for determining approx with respect to the zero degree position in east, therefore, the position of reflector apparatus has been best at cockcrow substantially.

In preferred embodiment of the present utility model, this controller is provided, and for during a whole circle rotation of reflector apparatus, searches Best initial position.At the beginning, can socialize then searched by one of reflector apparatus in optimum position, to implement and to determine that the light intensity of this measurement in which orientation is the highest.This embodiment can replace electronic compass to work or work as its other option.

In preferred embodiment of the present utility model, this controller is provided, and while surpassing preestablished limit with box lunch according to the fiducial value of the light intensity of being measured by the first and second optical sensors, determines controlled optimum position, and for periodically determining this fiducial value.Such control allows, by using existing optical sensor, to determine when and be necessary to search for more best placement.

According to other preferred embodiment of the present utility model, this fiducial value equals the value of subtracting each other according to the light intensity of being measured by the first and second optical sensors, the absolute value after being removed by the value being added according to the light intensity of being measured respectively by the first and second optical sensors.This absolute value proves for determining when that more best placement should searched good basis.Have been found that this preset limit preferably 0.01, and preferably, this suitable optimum position is only greater than at 0.01 o'clock at this fiducial value to be determined, because in such value, good location can be reached, and avoids following excessive the relocating of energy consumption.

In preferred embodiment of the present utility model, this controller is provided, to the basis of the reference value of calculating in the light intensity from being measured by the first and second optical sensors, determine suitable optimum position by rotating this reflector apparatus.Such reference value allows, by using the value of optical sensor self, to determine suitable optimum position.

This reference value also preferably equals the value of subtracting each other according to the light intensity of being measured by the first and second optical sensors, with the business of the value being added according to the light intensity of being measured by the first and second optical sensors.Have been found that good suitable optimum position, can be obtained on the basis of such reference value.

Preferably, if this reference value is greater than 0, this reflector apparatus is rotated in the direction of the clock on the basis of this reference value, and if this reference value is less than 0, counter clockwise.

More preferably, as long as this fiducial value surpasses preestablished limit, this controller is provided, to control this motor, makes reflector apparatus self according to this reference value rotation, as long as this fiducial value is no more than this preestablished limit.As long as this fiducial value is greater than preset limit, preferably 0.01, this controller for example moves one-period.During each step in this cycle, reflector apparatus rotates according to this reference value by the motor being controlled by the controller, preferably continue predetermined time or during predetermined angle in.If after the such rotation of reflector apparatus, this fiducial value is for example less than preset limit, this end cycle.

The value of subtracting each other according to the light intensity of being measured by the first and second optical sensors, preferably by being determined at least two subtract each other average of the light intensity of at least two pairs of different time measurement by the first and second optical sensors.The value being added according to the light intensity of being measured by the first and second optical sensors, preferably by being determined the average of at least two additions of the light intensity of different time measurement by the first and second optical sensors.To this addition and subtract each other, identical corresponding measured light intensity is used.

For example, some by the first and second optical sensors substantially simultaneously-measured light intensity be recorded so that calculating mean value.Desirable is at least 2, but more desirable is 5 values that value is measured and recorded in equal time by the first and second optical sensors respectively, to calculate the corresponding time, the preferably addition of 5 times and subtracting each other, wherein this subtracts each other the light intensity that always equals to be measured by first sensor and deducts the light intensity of being measured by the second optical sensor, thereafter, calculate respectively the average that is added and subtracts each other, thus, preferably 5 additions is average, and 5 subtract each other on average obtained preferably.On this basis, reference value and fiducial value determined, fiducial value is the absolute value of this reference value.

In embodiment of the present utility model, this controller is provided, as long as fiducial value surpasses preset limit, just use by the first and second sensors during rotary reflection lens device or a pair of value of measuring afterwards, replace at least one pair of in these at least two pairs of values of being measured by the first and second optical sensors.Preferably, this controller is provided, for preferably periodically using by the first and second sensors after the rotation of reflector apparatus or the value of measuring during rotation, the value of at least one storage that replacement is measured in the whole cycle by this first and second optical sensor, to the suitable position of fiducial value and reflector apparatus is adapted to, can verify thus whether this mirror system must continue rotation, to obtain optimum position.More preferably, therefore this oldest record value will be replaced by the value of up-to-date measurement.For example, when each end cycle, new value is measured and replace the oldest so far storing value and be stored.

In preferred embodiment of the present utility model, this controller is provided, for periodically searching suitable optimum position.More preferably, the time of locating suitable optimum position is less than 10 minutes, for example 5 minutes.This allows to save energy, because the position of revising is not searched continuously.

More preferably,, if the light intensity time to time change of measuring, fully different each other, this control is provided, to search suitable optimum position after the period extending.Have been found that under such situation, can avoid reflector apparatus for example to follow the reflection of cloud, although can be absorbed at the more light in another position.By waiting for the longer period, have been found that for example, cloud moves apart, and may be that better in fact new position should be searched.

Preferably, before suitable each in suitable optimum position of this controller is searched, preferably just before, preferably periodically, measure these at least two pairs, preferably the values of 5 pairs of simultaneously-measured light intensity substantially of being measured by the first and second optical sensors.Preferably, this is by during searching the period of suitable optimum position before the short time, and for example 30 seconds before determining optimum position, measure light intensity and be done.When searching suitable optimum position, more preferably, above measurement be during 30 seconds in, completing 5 times for 5 to 6 seconds between measuring with each.In a preferred embodiment, this controller is provided, when saturated by the radiation from the sun with convenient the first and second optical sensors, and when the fiducial value of reflector apparatus no longer surpasses this predetermined limit value, control this motor, make it rotate this reflector apparatus, preferably continue the scheduled time and/or angle.Such controller also allows to repair saturated the produced vicious position by optical sensor.

Accompanying drawing explanation

The utility model is further illustrated the description by below and accompanying drawing.

Fig. 1 illustrates according to the longitudinal profile of the preferred embodiment in skylight of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 illustrates according to the cross section of the preferred embodiment in skylight of the present utility model.

Fig. 3 illustrates according to the phantom drawing of the preferred embodiment in skylight of the present utility model.

Fig. 4 illustrates according to the phantom drawing of the transmission mechanism of the preferred embodiment in skylight of the present utility model.

Fig. 5 signal draws the printed circuit board (PCB) that has operating system according to the preferred embodiment in skylight of the present utility model.

The specific embodiment

Skylight shown in Fig. 1-3, comprise the prismatic lens 10 of roof openings top, by the light vertical shaft that has reflecting wall (the light shaft) 11 of roof openings and the pyramid lens 12 under roof openings, they form daylight dissemination apparatus together, for scattering the incident daylight/sunshine dropping on building roof.Above prismatic lens, be the reflector apparatus 1 being rotatably mounted, for reflecting daylight and/or the sunshine of incident, pass through transparent dome 13 light vertical shaft 11 below.

Transparent dome 13 is for example made by high-quality clear polycarbonate (double-H groove weld V coating) or any other transparent material well known in the art.The base of dome 13 is square, but can be optionally also circular, or by those skilled in the art's any other shape with due regard to.This dome is preferably in whole top and forms aeroseal and internal mirror is played to weather-proof protecting screen.This dome is preferably fixed by the combination of glue and screw, with theft protection.

The side plate of light vertical shaft 11 is made by SPO material, and this material is accepted the white coating (zirconium based on environmental sound substitutes the speculum that paper tinsel reflects) of high reflection, and the top of this light vertical shaft and bottom are sealed by the optical element of specifically processing.This crown member is prismatic lens 10, a kind of flat lens of being made, had best light-receiving and transmission of graphical by Merlon.This base member is pyramid lens 12, a kind of polycarbonate lens that has best photodistributed Pyramid in building.Except collecting, strengthen, reflect and scattering incident light, these two kinds of lens 10,12 are also set up the stable state layer of air in this vertical shaft 11, and it is heat-insulating making this system.This light distribution apparatus 10-12, can also be combined to form by other of the known optical element of those of skill in the art.

Preferably, moisture absorbent element is also involved, so that antagonism condensation.

Reflector apparatus 1 comprises the first arm 2 and the second arm 4, and this first arm 2 supports the speculum 3 that becomes preferably the angle of approximately 65 ° with respect to earth surface, the printed circuit board (PCB) 5 of mounting strap measurement mechanism and processing unit on this second arm 4.This PCB5 is mounted near the top of speculum 3 substantially, and preferably along substantially perpendicular to earth surface or replace in this angle of lip-deep 45 ° and be oriented.

This speculum 3 is plane mirror preferably.This speculum preferably becomes fixing 50 ° to 80 ° with respect to earth surface, and more preferably 60 ° to 70 °, the most preferably the angle of approximately 65 ° is placed, although other angle is also possible, if environmental requirement like this.In a further embodiment, reflector apparatus generally comprises one or more flat or crooked speculums, by become identical or different angles to be mounted with respect to earth surface.In another embodiment, speculum 3 can also be used leaning device, is installed in obliquely on reflector apparatus 1, and this leaning device also can be controlled according to the measurement of light intensity, such as two sensors that have as described herein separator, but sensor is overlapping rather than parallel.

Printed circuit board (PCB) (PCB) 5 schematically draws in Fig. 5, and it comprises: have the operating system of measurement mechanism 6-9, this measurement mechanism 6-9 is for measuring the light intensity being incident on speculum 3; And for the treatment of the processor 14 of measured intensity.This measurement mechanism is formed by the first optical sensor 6 adjacent one another are and the second optical sensor 7, and there is separator 8 at the middle part between them.This separator 8 is shading elements, when different from current optimum position for the position when reflector apparatus 1, on the first or second optical sensor, produces shade.In this optimum position, optical sensor 6 and 7 is measured almost identical intensity.On PCB5, protective bulkhead 9 is also disposed in the first and second sensor 6,7 tops, and for shielding the incident light in this side, this protective bulkhead is conducive to the precision of measuring.Processing unit 14 is relatively by sensor 6 and 7 light intensity of measuring, and infers from difference, and reflector apparatus is left or to right rotation, depends on that the light intensity of where measuring is the highest.When making it to adapt to, reflector apparatus 1 is rotated, until the intensity of being measured by sensor 6,7 is again almost equal.

In a further embodiment, the combination of a plurality of optical sensors can be provided, such as, contiguous the first and second sensors also have the 3rd sensor, to distinguish exactly daytime/night.According to the utility model, there are at least two sensors, but are also possible more than two.

In illustrated embodiment, measurement mechanism and processing unit 6-9 are on same circuit board 5.To the utility model, this is dispensable, can also have different ways.

Separator 8 and shielding wall 9 be preferably by the PCB material that has black masking layer, or the known nonreflective in fact material of another kind of those of skill in the art makes, to eliminate reflection of light.

Specifically, these two optical sensors 6 and 7, are the light sensors producing to the proportional voltage of incident light.These sensors comprise PV unit, and it can press incident light transmitted power on the resistance of 1M ohm, produces the voltage of approximately 3 volts on 30Klux.After amplifier can be placed on sensor by buffer mode, so that buffer voltagc and absorption power-supply fluctuation.If sensor 6 and 7 is pointed to the sun or another optimal spot best, two sensors receive identical substantially light and produce equivalent voltage.Otherwise-if position is different from one of this optimum position-sensor and will receives more light than another sensor, and two sensors will produce different voltage.The processed unit of this voltage is for determining this optimum position.

The algorithm of this processing unit operation, once be preferably configured to determine minimum (as, 300lux or 1000lux) incident light is measured, photo measure periodically (as, per minute or every 5 minutes) be performed, to search the Best Point of light.Then motor is controlled, to speculum is focused on to there.At dusk, when this minimum incident light is no longer satisfied, system is set at the SBR that starts next cycle.Preferably, electronic compass is integrated on printed circuit board (PCB) 5 thus.By the method, can be based upon east zero point, and reflector apparatus can return to this zero point in every 24 hours, and starts the new cycle from this position.Therefore, each cycle is in the contiguous beginning of the optimum position of expection, and reflector apparatus can be brought to optimum position fast.

Drive the motor 15 of mirror driving device 1 rotation, preferably but need not along the electric stepper motor of both direction rotation (as, speed is 0.2rpm).This motor is for example DC motor, and it has the control being comprised of two half-bridges to control along both direction.The power supply of equipment is provided by solar panel 16 and for example combination of 3 weeks recharging batteries.Like this, do not have main power source to be provided.Obviously, this power supply also can, by other modes well known in the art, for example, be provided such as main power source.

This dome is preferably furnished with antifoggant, and such as for example, a box activated clay, to absorb potential condensation and to control the humidity in dome.The clay of activation is the green mutation of silica gel.

Control module on printed circuit board (PCB) 5, is preferably furnished with the temperature pick up of measuring dome internal temperature.These parts that use are all industrial level, this means that admissible temperature range is-20 ℃ to+85 ℃.If dome internal temperature rises to more than 85 ℃, for the reason of safety, operation will be closed.

In building, provide in the situation in several very approaching skylights mutually, each dome preferably has its own independent operating system, so that they operate independently.Like this, there is no need to set up link between the different domes on same roof.In the time of on being installed in this roof, not setting (local coordinate or other) will be transfused to.Once power supply (solar panel and battery) is connected, each skylight automatically and outright operates.

Although the utility model is described with reference to specific embodiment, apparent, various different modifications can be applied in without prejudice to the scope of claims.Under this meaning, manual and accompanying drawing should be considered to example, and they should not be understood by stricti jurise.

Claims

1. for scatter the skylight of daylight at building, comprise: for being assemblied in the daylight dissemination apparatus (10-12) of this building roof opening, and be rotatably installed in above daylight dissemination apparatus and to daylight dissemination apparatus cremasteric reflex reflection of light lens device (1), wherein this reflector apparatus comprises: speculum (3); For rotating the motor (15) of this reflector apparatus; And for controlling the controller (5) of this motor, to make this reflector apparatus can be placed on optimum position, wherein, light as much as possible is reflected to daylight dissemination apparatus, be characterised in that, this controller comprises: be arranged to measure the measurement mechanism of the incident light intensity on this speculum, wherein this measurement mechanism is furnished with the first (6) and second (7) optical sensor and the shading element (8) that is arranged to produce shade on this first or second optical sensor; And for the treatment of the processor (14) of the intensity of being measured by optical sensor, wherein this controller (5) is used to, according to the light intensity of being measured by the first and second optical sensors, determine best suitable position.

2. according to the skylight of claim 1, be characterised in that, this controller (5) is used to, when the fiducial value calculating according to the light intensity of being measured respectively by the first and second optical sensors surpasses preestablished limit, determine best suitable position.

3. according to the skylight of claim 1, be characterised in that, this controller (5) is used to determine suitable optimum position by rotating this reflector apparatus.

4. according to the skylight of claim 2, be characterised in that, this controller (5) is used to control motor, and reflector apparatus is rotated according to reference value, until this reference value is no more than this preestablished limit.

5. according to the skylight of claim 4, be characterised in that, this controller is applicable to, according at least two pairs of light intensity being measured by the first and second optical sensors, searching suitable optimum position.

6. according to the skylight of claim 5, be characterised in that, this controller is used to periodically search suitable optimum position.

7. according to the skylight of claim 6, be characterised in that, if this controller is used to the light intensity time to time change of measuring, fully different each other, after the period extending, search suitable optimum position.

8. according to the skylight of claim 7, be characterised in that, this controller is used to control motor, makes it again continue to rotate this reflector apparatus.

9. according to the skylight of claim 1, be characterised in that, this first and second optical sensor is arranged on printed circuit board (PCB) adjacent one another are, and this shading element is formed by the separator (8) at the middle part between this first and second optical sensor.

10. according to the skylight of claim 9, be characterised in that, protective bulkhead (8) is applied on the printed circuit board (PCB) at top of the first and second optical sensors.

11. according to the skylight of claim 1, is characterised in that, this measurement mechanism and processor (14), be positioned on same printed circuit board (PCB).

12. according to the skylight of claim 1, is characterised in that, this speculum (3) is arranged to become with respect to earth surface the angle of 50 ° to 80 °.

13. according to the skylight of claim 12, is characterised in that, this speculum (3) is arranged to become with respect to earth surface the angle of 60 ° to 70 °.

14. according to the skylight of claim 13, is characterised in that, this speculum (3) is to become the angle of about 65 ° to be arranged with respect to earth surface.

15. according to the skylight of claim 1, is characterised in that, this measurement mechanism is vertically arranged substantially with respect to earth surface.

16. according to the skylight of claim 1, be characterised in that, this measurement mechanism with respect to earth surface substantially angle at 45 ° be arranged.

17. according to the skylight of claim 1, be characterised in that, this reflector apparatus (1) comprises the supporting with the first arm (2) and the second arm (4), this first arm (2) is for supporting reflex mirror (3), and this second arm (4) is for the measurement mechanism of supporting reflex vertex portion.

18. according to the skylight of claim 17, is characterised in that, this skylight comprises transparent dome (13), is installed on reflector apparatus (1), to protect its antagonism weather conditions.

19. according to the skylight of claim 1, be characterised in that, this daylight dissemination apparatus is included in the prismatic lens (10) at roof openings top, the light vertical shaft (11) that has reflecting wall by roof openings and at the pyramid lens (12) of roof openings bottom.

20. according to the skylight of claim 1, is characterised in that, this controller (5) comprises electronic compass, for definite zero-bit that wherein reflector apparatus is orientated eastwards substantially, sets.

21. according to the skylight of claim 20, is characterised in that, this controller (5) is used to, during a whole circle rotation of reflector apparatus, search initial optimum position.

22. according to the skylight of claim 21, be characterised in that, this controller (5) is used to, when the intensity difference of being measured by the first and second biography optical flame detectors surpasses the second predetermined limit, search initial optimum position, and for periodically determining controlled optimum position.

23. according to the skylight of claim 22, is characterised in that, this controller (5) is used to, when the intensity difference of being measured by the first and second optical sensors surpasses the 3rd predetermined limit, make the position suitable of reflector apparatus.