CN203535530U - Analog control circuit for tracking maximum power point of photovoltaic cell - Google Patents
Analog control circuit for tracking maximum power point of photovoltaic cell Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN203535530U CN203535530U CN201320505854.6U CN201320505854U CN203535530U CN 203535530 U CN203535530 U CN 203535530U CN 201320505854 U CN201320505854 U CN 201320505854U CN 203535530 U CN203535530 U CN 203535530U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- photovoltaic cell
- input end
- output
- output terminal
- operational amplifier
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
Abstract
The utility model discloses an analog control circuit for tracking the maximum power point of a photovoltaic cell and belongs to the technical field of application of power electronics. The analog control circuit comprises an analog multiplier, two differentiators, two comparators, an XNOR logic gate and a D flip-flop. According to the analog control circuit, on the basis of the perturbation and observation method, the change rate of an output current of the photovoltaic cell and the change rate of the output power of the photovoltaic cell are compared. The simple and practical analog control circuit is utilized, and only the output current and the output voltage of the photovoltaic cell need to be sampled; charging and discharging of a capacitor at the output end of the photovoltaic cell is controlled based on the on/off state to make the output current (or voltage) of the photovoltaic cell reach the maximum power point current (or voltage), and thus the real MPPT is achieved. The analog control circuit can be used in a solar photovoltaic power generation system and has good engineering application value.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of analog control circuit that maximum power of photovoltaic cell point is followed the tracks of of realizing, and belongs to power electronics applied technical field.
Background technology
Photovoltaic cell output characteristics has strong nonlinear characteristic, and is subject to the change of Intensity of the sunlight and environment temperature and changes.Under certain Intensity of the sunlight and environment temperature, photovoltaic cell can have different output currents, but only when a certain specific output current its corresponding output power just can reach maximal value, now photovoltaic cell is operated in maximum power point.Therefore, in solar photovoltaic generation system, in order to improve the electric energy transfer capability of photovoltaic cell, must adjust in real time the working point of photovoltaic cell, make it to always work near maximum power point, realize maximum power of photovoltaic cell point and follow the tracks of (Maximum Power Point Tracking is called for short MPPT).In the last few years, various countries scholar had carried out a large amount of significant research work and had proposed a lot of implementation methods for this problem.
Current the most frequently used MPPT method mainly contains two kinds, i.e. conductance increment method (Incremental Conductance) and disturbance observation (Perturb & Observe).Conductance increment method be by the conductance increment of photovoltaic battery array relatively and moment electricity lead to change control signal, thereby change its output voltage, reach maximum power point.The method is controlled accurately, the variation of acclimatization condition fast, but to the requirement of hardware, particularly the accuracy requirement of sensor is higher, otherwise will inevitably produce error.Disturbance observation is often to change at regular intervals the operating voltage of photovoltaic cell, and before and after Real Time Observation relatively changes, the output power value of 2, to change the direction of regulation voltage, is finally stabilized near maximum power point.Although disturbance observation can cause near real work point slightly vibration maximum power point of photovoltaic battery array, cause certain micropower loss, the method only need to be measured electric current and two parameters of voltage, is therefore easy to realize and be used widely.
Under certain sun light intensity and environment temperature, photovoltaic cell has unique maximum power point.Because photovoltaic cell is exported different power with the difference of load, therefore it directly can not be connected with load.In order to make photovoltaic cell provide peak power to load, must between photovoltaic cell and load, add an impedance transformer (generally adopting DC/DC transducer), by suitable control algolithm, this transducer is controlled, made the working point maximum power point of corresponding photovoltaic cell just in time after conversion.Common way is to utilize microprocessor and corresponding interface, driving circuit DC/DC transducer to be carried out to Digital Control and realize.But Digital Control also comes with some shortcomings: numerically controlled real-time wants slow compared with mimic channel, and precision and efficiency are also a bit weaker in addition.If can realize with simple mimic channel, also can save cost, simplify and control.
Utility model content
The deficiency that the utility model exists for existing maximum power point tracking control circuit of photovoltaic cell, proposes a kind of analog control circuit that maximum power of photovoltaic cell point is followed the tracks of of realizing.
The utility model adopts following technical scheme:
Realize the analog control circuit that maximum power of photovoltaic cell point is followed the tracks of, it is characterized in that: comprise an analog multiplier, two operational amplifiers, two comparers, one with or logic gate, one
dtrigger; Described analog control circuit is for passing through to compare the rate of change of photovoltaic cell output current and the rate of change of output power, based on on/off, control discharging and recharging of photovoltaic cell output capacitor, make photovoltaic cell output current or voltage reach maximum power point curtage; Photovoltaic cell sample rate current
i pvwith capacitor C
1one end be connected, C
1the other end be connected with the reverse input end of operational amplifier OP1, the input end grounding in the same way of operational amplifier OP1, resistance
r 1one end be connected with the reverse input end of operational amplifier OP1,
r 1the other end be connected with the output terminal of operational amplifier OP1, the output terminal of operational amplifier OP1 is connected with the inverting input of comparator C omp1, the in-phase input end ground connection of comparator C omp1, input end of analog multiplier AD633 and photovoltaic cell sample rate current
i pvbe connected, another input end of AD633 and photovoltaic cell sampled voltage
v pvbe connected, the output terminal of AD633 and capacitor C
2one end be connected, capacitor C
2the other end be connected with the reverse input end of operational amplifier OP1, the input end grounding in the same way of operational amplifier OP2, resistance
r 2one end be connected with the reverse input end of operational amplifier OP2,
r 2the other end be connected with the output terminal of operational amplifier OP2, the output terminal of operational amplifier OP2 is connected with the inverting input of comparator C omp2, the in-phase input end ground connection of comparator C omp2, the output terminal of comparator C omp1 is connected with an input end of same or logic gate XNOR, the output terminal of comparator C omp2 with or another input end of logic gate XNOR be connected, the output terminal of XNOR and
dtrigger
dinput end is connected,
dthe clock signal input terminal of trigger
clkthe external cycle is the clock signal of 10us,
dtrigger
qoutput terminal output drive signal
q drvdrive the power tube of main circuit
q 1.
Further, adopting Buck DC-DC transducer to realize maximum power of photovoltaic cell point as main circuit follows the tracks of.
Further, described Buck DC-DC transducer comprises a power tube
q 1, a fly-wheel diode
d 1, an inductance
l 1with an output filter capacitor
c 0; Described power tube
q 1input end be connected with the positive pole of photovoltaic cell, output terminal and inductance
l 1one end be connected, inductance
l 1the other end and output filter capacitor
c 0be connected, fly-wheel diode
d 1negative pole and power tube
q 1output terminal be connected, fly-wheel diode
d 1positive pole respectively with negative pole and the output filter capacitor of photovoltaic cell
c 0be connected.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are:
This circuit is based on disturbance observation, by comparing the rate of change of photovoltaic cell output current and the rate of change of output power, utilize simple and practical mimic channel, output current and the voltage of photovoltaic cell only need to sample, based on on/off, control discharging and recharging of photovoltaic cell output capacitor, make photovoltaic cell output current (or voltage) reach maximum power point electric current (or voltage), realized MPPT truly.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is Buck DC-DC inverter main circuit figure;
Fig. 2 is MPPT maximum power point tracking analog control circuit figure.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the utility model is described in further detail.
The utility model is specifically implemented to adopt Buck DC-DC transducer to realize maximum power of photovoltaic cell point as main circuit and is followed the tracks of, for the charging of load end 48V lead-acid accumulator, as shown in Figure 1, in figure:
d pvfor anti-reverse charging diode,
c pvfor storage capacitor,
q 1for power tube,
d 1for fly-wheel diode,
l 1for inductance,
c ofor output filter capacitor,
r lDfor pull-up resistor,
i pvfor photovoltaic cell electric current,
v pvfor photovoltaic cell voltage,
i ofor load current,
v ofor output voltage.
In order to realize the MPPT maximum power point tracking (MPPT) of Fig. 1 system, with respect to traditional Buck circuit, in solar photovoltaic generation system, need to be at a photovoltaic cell outgoing side storage capacitor in parallel
c pv, work as switching tube
qduring shutoff, can guarantee that photovoltaic cell output current is continuous, can not cause its work off and on, all the time in optimum Working, thereby avoid the loss of power.By controlling Buck DC-DC converter switches pipe
qbreak-make control storage capacitor
c pvdischarge and recharge, the output voltage of photovoltaic cell is reached
v pv=
v m, also i.e. final realization
i pv=
i m.
The power-current relation principle of described photovoltaic cell can be summarized as shown in following table.
The system of it is pointed out that can not be operated in maximum power point just.Because if
i pv=
i m(
v=
v m), switching tube turn-offs and makes
v pvincrease, but controller can make again switching tube open to make subsequently
v pvreduce, therefore
i pv(
v pv) can exist
i m(
v m) near do slightly vibration and bring micropower loss.MPPT controller can carry out simple realization by hardware circuit, by an analog multiplier, two differentiators, two comparers and an inclusive OR logic gate (XNOR), formed, as shown in Figure 2, in figure:
i pvfor photovoltaic cell sample rate current;
v pvfor photovoltaic cell sampled voltage; C
1, C
2for electric capacity; OP1, OP2 are operational amplifier;
r 1,
r 2for resistance; Comp1, Comp2 are comparer; AD633 is analog multiplier; XNOR is same or logic gate; D, Q,
clkfor
dthree terminals of trigger;
q drvfor driving signal;
t sfor the cycle of clock signal.The output signal of OP1 is-
dI pv/
dt; The output signal of OP2 is-
dP pv/
dt.
In order to verify the correctness of the analog control circuit of the maximum power of photovoltaic cell point tracking the utility model proposes, in laboratory, complete a MPPT principle prototype.4 monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic cell components that photovoltaic battery array is produced by Wuxi Shangde Solar Energy Power Co., Ltd are composed in series, and every photovoltaic cell component parameter under standard test condition is:
v m=34.4V,
i m=4.51A,
i sc=4.9A,
v oc=43.2V.After assembly series connection, total electricity function index corresponds to:
v m=137.6V,
i m=4.51A,
i sc=4.9A,
v oc=172.8V.Main circuit adopts Buck DC-DC transducer, and its parameter is selected: filter inductance
l=400 μ H, filter capacitor
c o=330 μ F, input end storage capacitor
c pv=470 μ F.
The instantaneous weather condition of measuring during experiment is: sun light intensity is
s=700W/m
2, the temperature of photovoltaic cell is
t=43 ℃, now corresponding open-circuit voltage is about
v oc=161V.Experimental result shows, the output voltage of photovoltaic battery array
v pvat corresponding maximum power point voltage
v mthe vibration fluctuation of=130V left and right, when
v pvwhile reducing, the output current that it is corresponding
i pvincrease, vice versa.Obviously, photovoltaic battery array can well be operated in MPPT state.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present utility model, not in order to limit the utility model.All any modifications of doing within spirit of the present utility model and principle, be equal to and replace and improvement etc., within all should being included in protection domain of the present utility model.
Claims (3)
1. realize the analog control circuit that maximum power of photovoltaic cell point is followed the tracks of, it is characterized in that: comprise an analog multiplier, two operational amplifiers, two comparers, one with or logic gate, one
dtrigger; Described analog control circuit is for passing through to compare the rate of change of photovoltaic cell output current and the rate of change of output power, based on on/off, control discharging and recharging of photovoltaic cell output capacitor, make photovoltaic cell output current or voltage reach maximum power point curtage; Photovoltaic cell sample rate current
i pvwith capacitor C
1one end be connected, C
1the other end be connected with the reverse input end of operational amplifier OP1, the input end grounding in the same way of operational amplifier OP1, resistance
r 1one end be connected with the reverse input end of operational amplifier OP1,
r 1the other end be connected with the output terminal of operational amplifier OP1, the output terminal of operational amplifier OP1 is connected with the inverting input of comparator C omp1, the in-phase input end ground connection of comparator C omp1, input end of analog multiplier AD633 and photovoltaic cell sample rate current
i pvbe connected, another input end of AD633 and photovoltaic cell sampled voltage
v pvbe connected, the output terminal of AD633 and capacitor C
2one end be connected, capacitor C
2the other end be connected with the reverse input end of operational amplifier OP1, the input end grounding in the same way of operational amplifier OP2, resistance
r 2one end be connected with the reverse input end of operational amplifier OP2,
r 2the other end be connected with the output terminal of operational amplifier OP2, the output terminal of operational amplifier OP2 is connected with the inverting input of comparator C omp2, the in-phase input end ground connection of comparator C omp2, the output terminal of comparator C omp1 is connected with an input end of same or logic gate XNOR, the output terminal of comparator C omp2 with or another input end of logic gate XNOR be connected, the output terminal of XNOR and
dtrigger
dinput end is connected,
dthe clock signal input terminal of trigger
clkthe external cycle is the clock signal of 10us,
dtrigger
qoutput terminal output drive signal
q drvdrive the power tube of main circuit
q 1.
2. a kind of analog control circuit that maximum power of photovoltaic cell point is followed the tracks of of realizing according to claim 1, is characterized in that: adopt Buck DC-DC transducer to realize maximum power of photovoltaic cell point as main circuit and follow the tracks of.
3. a kind of analog control circuit that maximum power of photovoltaic cell point is followed the tracks of of realizing according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described Buck DC-DC transducer comprises a power tube Q1, sustained diode 1, inductance L 1 and an output filter capacitor C0; The input end of described power tube Q1 is connected with the positive pole of photovoltaic cell, output terminal is connected with one end of inductance L 1, the other end of inductance L 1 is connected with output filter capacitor C0, the negative pole of sustained diode 1 is connected with the output terminal of power tube Q1, and the positive pole of sustained diode 1 is connected with negative pole and the output filter capacitor C0 of photovoltaic cell respectively.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201320505854.6U CN203535530U (en) | 2013-08-20 | 2013-08-20 | Analog control circuit for tracking maximum power point of photovoltaic cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201320505854.6U CN203535530U (en) | 2013-08-20 | 2013-08-20 | Analog control circuit for tracking maximum power point of photovoltaic cell |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN203535530U true CN203535530U (en) | 2014-04-09 |
Family
ID=50421721
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201320505854.6U Expired - Fee Related CN203535530U (en) | 2013-08-20 | 2013-08-20 | Analog control circuit for tracking maximum power point of photovoltaic cell |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN203535530U (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103440019A (en) * | 2013-08-20 | 2013-12-11 | 江苏大学 | Analogy control circuit capable of achieving photovoltaic cell maximum power point tracing |
| CN104731157A (en) * | 2015-03-16 | 2015-06-24 | 北京康拓科技有限公司 | Artificial maximum power judgment circuit |
| CN109885123A (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2019-06-14 | 丰郅(上海)新能源科技有限公司 | Maximum power point tracking system and method for tracing for photovoltaic module |
| CN110275564A (en) * | 2019-06-03 | 2019-09-24 | 济南大学 | Photovoltaic maximal power tracing optimal control method, system, medium and equipment |
| CN112332517A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-02-05 | 许继电源有限公司 | Photovoltaic charging MPPT control circuit |
| CN114442724A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-05-06 | 南京航空航天大学 | Maximum power point tracking method based on photovoltaic cell short-circuit current estimation and disturbance observation |
-
2013
- 2013-08-20 CN CN201320505854.6U patent/CN203535530U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103440019A (en) * | 2013-08-20 | 2013-12-11 | 江苏大学 | Analogy control circuit capable of achieving photovoltaic cell maximum power point tracing |
| CN104731157A (en) * | 2015-03-16 | 2015-06-24 | 北京康拓科技有限公司 | Artificial maximum power judgment circuit |
| CN109885123A (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2019-06-14 | 丰郅(上海)新能源科技有限公司 | Maximum power point tracking system and method for tracing for photovoltaic module |
| CN110275564A (en) * | 2019-06-03 | 2019-09-24 | 济南大学 | Photovoltaic maximal power tracing optimal control method, system, medium and equipment |
| CN110275564B (en) * | 2019-06-03 | 2021-06-08 | 济南大学 | Photovoltaic maximum power tracking optimization control method, system, medium and equipment |
| CN112332517A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-02-05 | 许继电源有限公司 | Photovoltaic charging MPPT control circuit |
| CN114442724A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-05-06 | 南京航空航天大学 | Maximum power point tracking method based on photovoltaic cell short-circuit current estimation and disturbance observation |
| CN114442724B (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2023-03-17 | 南京航空航天大学 | Maximum power point tracking method based on photovoltaic cell short-circuit current estimation and disturbance observation |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN103440019A (en) | Analogy control circuit capable of achieving photovoltaic cell maximum power point tracing | |
| CN203535530U (en) | Analog control circuit for tracking maximum power point of photovoltaic cell | |
| CN103326419B (en) | The combined accumulation energy uninterrupted power supply device of solar energy power taking | |
| CN105116958B (en) | Photovoltaic array adaptive step disturbance observational method MPPT control method and system | |
| CN204835631U (en) | Digifax hybrid control storage battery charging circuit | |
| CN201041137Y (en) | Maximum power tracking wind and light complementary system | |
| CN203352246U (en) | Miniature photovoltaic controller based on super-capacitor energy accumulator | |
| CN102751790A (en) | Hybrid energy storage system based on supercapacitor in solar photovoltaic system | |
| CN202474967U (en) | Charging device capable of regulating output current in constant current charging phase | |
| CN104852623B (en) | The spacecraft power supply system and control method of a kind of based superconductive magnetic storage energy | |
| CN206164168U (en) | Charging control circuit and charger | |
| CN108899987B (en) | Solar charging control circuit with MPPT function | |
| CN206115323U (en) | Photovoltaic power generation system | |
| CN203552117U (en) | MPPT (maximum power point tracking) solar controller | |
| CN202696290U (en) | Hybrid energy storage system based on super-capacitors in solar photovoltaic system | |
| CN215186033U (en) | Portable MPPT solar charging circuit | |
| CN107544610B (en) | A kind of photovoltaic MPPT control method based on MPP voltage regulation and gradient search | |
| Ai et al. | Design and implementation of a novel high-performance stand-alone photovoltaic LED lighting system | |
| CN204423224U (en) | A kind of solar energy system control structure based on MPPT | |
| CN209298972U (en) | A kind of solar power plant system | |
| Zheng et al. | Research on charging control for battery in photovoltaic system | |
| CN102290846B (en) | Impedance type constant-voltage charging circuit with variable negative temperature coefficients | |
| CN108121393A (en) | A kind of accumulator charging maximum power point-tracing control method | |
| Pan et al. | Research of photovoltaic charging system with maximum power point tracking | |
| CN207010335U (en) | A kind of solar energy low-light TRT |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20140409 Termination date: 20140820 |
|
| EXPY | Termination of patent right or utility model |