Background technology
Station boiler is according to amount of capacity or require the difference of efficiency, can be divided into single channel boiler, have single reheat binary channels boiler, there is the triple channel boiler of secondary reheater.According to Carnot cycle principle, steam parameter is higher in principle, heating times is more, and the efficiency of power station circulation is higher.
There is a kind of general station boiler to adopt ∏ type to arrange, be called ∏ type boiler.This ∏ type boiler has square column type burner hearth, horizontal flue and vertical gas pass.The burning that burner hearth is coal dust provides space, and it arranges a large amount of water screen tubes around, and roof of the furnace has been arranged high temperature superheater.The high temperature superheater of water-cooling wall and roof of the furnace is the radiation heating-surface of burner hearth, and the water and steam in radiation heating-surface pipe absorbs the radiant heat in burner hearth while flowing through.By roof of the furnace, to side, draw horizontal flue, in horizontal flue, arrange high temperature superheater and high temperature reheater.By horizontal flue, arrange again vertical gas pass downwards, vertically in flue, arranging the equipment such as low-temperature reheater, low temperature superheater and economizer.Flue gas is through horizontal flue with vertically take heat convection during the heating surface of flue and transfer heat to working medium as major way, and these heating surfaces are called convection heating surface.
In this ∏ type boiler, the feedwater of boiler is entering water-cooling wall lower header after economizer heating.Water absorbs the state that reaches capacity after the radiant heat in burner hearth in water-cooling wall, and makes the evaporation of part water become saturated vapor, and the steam water interface forming thus upwards flows and steam-water separator.Isolated saturated vapor enters superheater, in superheater, after heat absorption, becomes superheated steam.By superheater superheated steam out, by main steam line, entering steam turbine high-pressure cylinder does work.The reheater that superheated steam after steam turbine high-pressure cylinder acting is sent back to boiler heats (single reheat) again, and (once) reheated steam of formation is sent to the intermediate pressure cylinder acting of steam turbine.
In theory, be to improve the cycle efficieny of boiler-Steam Turbine, the single reheat steam of finishing merit in Steam Turbine Through IP Admission can again be sent to boiler and heat (double reheat) again, and the double reheat steam of formation can be sent to the low pressure (LP) cylinder acting of steam turbine.Yet in power plant practice, generated output need to regulate according to various situations such as network loads, is regulating power, need to regulate boiler to be sent to the vapor (steam) temperature of steam turbine.In the ∏ type boiler traditional, be limited by its structure space, if increase secondary reheater, single reheat device and secondary reheater can only all be arranged in the flue of boiler.If single reheat device and secondary reheater are set in flue simultaneously, like this, independent adjusting the respectively for the temperature of single reheat steam and double reheat steam has difficulties, and causes thus the non-constant of temperature adjustment response of reheat steam temperature.A kind of mode of dealing with problems is, in traditional ∏ type boiler, secondary reheater is no longer set, cancelled thus the double reheat steam that is sent to turbine low pressure cylinder, but do like this, although improved the temperature adjustment response of single reheat steam, have power loss.
The problem existing in ∏ type boiler based on prior art, the utility model proposes a kind of novel two ∏ type boilers, and this pair of ∏ type boiler can solve the one or more the problems referred to above that exist in prior art.
Utility model content
According to aspect of the utility model, a kind of pair of ∏ type boiler proposed, it is characterized in that, described pair of ∏ type boiler arranged and formed by the ∏ type boiler opposite of two and half capacity, central authorities at boiler arrange burner hearth, in burner hearth both sides, arrange respectively left side flue and right side flue, in radiation heat affected zone, the left and right sides of upper furnace, arrange respectively the high-temperature part of single reheat device and the high-temperature part of secondary reheater, in left side flue and right side flue, arrange respectively the low temperature part of single reheat device and the low temperature part of secondary reheater.
According to a preferred embodiment, in above-mentioned pair of ∏ type boiler, the high-temperature part of above-mentioned single reheat device and low-temp. portion divide the same side that is arranged in boiler, and above-mentioned secondary reheater high-temperature part and low-temp. portion divide the same side that is arranged in boiler.
According to a preferred embodiment, in above-mentioned pair of ∏ type boiler, the high-temperature part of above-mentioned single reheat device and low temperature part is in the left and right sides of boiler arranged crosswise, and the high-temperature part of secondary reheater and low temperature part are in the left and right sides of boiler arranged crosswise.The high-temperature part of single reheat device and secondary reheater and low temperature part boiler left and right sides arranged crosswise can balance single reheat steam and double reheat steam because of the temperature that the small imbalance of boiler smoke system causes uneven.
According to a preferred embodiment, in above-mentioned pair of ∏ type boiler, in the radiation heat affected zone of roof of the furnace, arranged high-temperature surface, in left side flue and right side flue, all arranged low temperature heating surface.
According to a preferred embodiment, in above-mentioned pair of ∏ type boiler, to the superheat steam temperature of boiler, adopt coal-water ratio to add spray desuperheating and coordinate the method for temperature control of burner swing to regulate.
According to a preferred embodiment, in above-mentioned pair of ∏ type boiler, the method for temperature control that adopts tilting burner to add emergency spray to the single reheat vapor (steam) temperature of boiler and double reheat vapor (steam) temperature regulates.
According to a preferred embodiment, in above-mentioned pair of ∏ type boiler, on left side flue and right side flue, arrange respectively an air-introduced machine, for regulating both sides exhaust gas volumn.
According to a preferred embodiment, in above-mentioned pair of ∏ type boiler, in burner hearth, adopt two tangential firing modes to burn, and adopt little burner Multi-point combustion mode to burn.To reduce flame combustion temperature, reduce NO
xgeneration.
According to a preferred embodiment, in above-mentioned pair of ∏ type boiler, boiler main steam pressure is between 28-35MPa, and main steam temperature is between 600-700 ℃, single reheat vapor (steam) temperature is between 620-730 ℃, and double reheat vapor (steam) temperature is between 620-730 ℃.
According to a preferred embodiment, above-mentioned pair of ∏ type boiler comprises denitrification apparatus and air preheater, and wherein said denitrification apparatus and described air preheater are arranged apart in the flue vertical direction of two of left and right respectively.
According to a preferred embodiment, in above-mentioned pair of ∏ type boiler, at boiler top, along boiler fore-and-aft direction, arrange superheated steam outlet header, single reheat steam (vapor) outlet header and double reheat steam (vapor) outlet header.
The specific embodiment
Below with reference to accompanying drawing, describe in detail according to the specific embodiment of of the present utility model pair of ∏ type boiler.Shown in the drawings according to the schematic diagram of of the present utility model pair of ∏ type boiler.It should be pointed out that accompanying drawing and the following described specific embodiment are only examples, and do not form restriction of the present utility model.
Fig. 1 shows according to the front view of of the present utility model pair of ∏ type boiler, and Fig. 2 illustrates according to the top view of of the present utility model pair of ∏ type boiler, and Fig. 3 illustrates according to the lateral plan of of the present utility model pair of ∏ type boiler.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, according to of the present utility model pair of ∏ type boiler, be to arrange and form by the ∏ type boiler opposite of two half traditional capacity, for example can be formed by the ∏ type boiler of two 300MW two ∏ type boilers of a 600MW.The centre of two ∏ type boilers is rectangular burner hearths, and this rectangular burner hearth is combined by two traditional square burner hearths, has just removed the water-cooling wall between two traditional square burner hearths.By upper furnace, draw left side flue left, by upper furnace, draw right side flue to the right.Left side flue comprises left side horizontal flue and left vertical flue, and right side flue comprises right side horizontal flue and right side vertical gas pass.The surrounding of burner hearth is water-cooling wall, and bottom is provided with slag-draining device.
In the utility model, the left side of boiler and right side are defined as left side and the right side of boiler observed in Fig. 1, and perpendicular to the direction of the paper of Fig. 1, be decided to be the fore-and-aft direction of boiler, the rear that top shown in Fig. 2 is boiler, the place ahead that the below shown in Fig. 2 is boiler.
As shown in Figure 2, burner adopts two tangential firing modes to burn in rectangle burner hearth, and in left side burner hearth and right side burner hearth, the direction of rotation of breeze airflow is contrary.The breeze airflow being sprayed by burner carries out suspension combustion in burner hearth, releases heat, and combustion flame center can have 1500 ℃ of even higher temperature.
According in of the present utility model pair of ∏ type boiler, owing to adopting two tangential firing modes to burn, so the quantity of burner doubles even more (for example 120%) than the ∏ type boiler of Same Efficieney, makes thus ignition point in burner hearth more disperse.In addition, the quantity of the coal pulverizer of of the present utility model pair of ∏ type boiler also increases to some extent than the coal pulverizer quantity of the ∏ type boiler of Same Efficieney, the pulverized coal particle that makes to be thus sent to burner more carefully, more even.Therefore can increase the reducing atmosphere of burning in stove, effectively reduce nitrogen oxide (NO
x) generation, be conducive to reduce environmental pollution.
As shown in Figure 1, the high-temperature part 2(that has arranged high temperature superheater 1, single reheat device in the radiation heat affected zone of roof of the furnace is also referred to as high temperature single reheat device), the high-temperature part 3(of secondary reheater is also referred to as high temperature secondary reheater) and medium temperature overheater 5.Wherein high temperature superheater 1 and high temperature single reheat device 2 are arranged in left side roof of the furnace, and high temperature secondary reheater 3 and medium temperature overheater 5 are arranged in right side roof of the furnace.Yet this arrangement is only example, in order to realize the purpose of this utility model, can adopt other arrangements, as long as high temperature superheater 1, high temperature single reheat device 2 and high temperature secondary reheater 3 are arranged in the radiation heat affected zone of burner hearth.
A part of medium temperature overheater 4 is also shown in Fig. 1 to be arranged in the left side horizontal flue of being drawn by upper furnace left side.Certainly, also can in the horizontal flue of right side, arrange a part of medium temperature overheater.Because horizontal flue belongs to the high temperature heat convection district of boiler, therefore, for realizing the purpose of this utility model, also a part for the high-temperature surface of single reheat device and secondary reheater can be arranged in to left side horizontal flue or right side horizontal flue.
As shown in Figure 1, by left side horizontal flue, draw left vertical flue downwards, low temperature part (also referred to as low-temperature reheater) 6, low temperature superheater 7, economizer 8 and the denitrification apparatus 9 of reheater (can be single reheat device, can be also secondary reheater) in left vertical flue, have been arranged successively from top to bottom.Flue gas is out introduced air preheater 10 afterwards by denitrification apparatus 9.By right side horizontal flue, draw right side vertical gas pass downwards, low temperature part (also referred to as low-temperature reheater) 6, low temperature superheater 7, economizer 8 and the denitrification apparatus 9 of reheater (can be single reheat device, can be also secondary reheater) in the vertical gas pass of right side, have been arranged successively from top to bottom.Flue gas is also introduced air preheater 10 by denitrification apparatus 9 after out, and the air in air preheater 10 is heated, and the interior heated air of air preheater 10 will be admitted to coal pulverizer (not shown) and burner 11.The low-temperature flue gas (conventionally between 110~160 ℃) that leaves air preheater 10 will be sent to deduster and carry out dedusting, be then sent to air-introduced machine, then be sent to desulfurizer and carry out desulfurization, then by smoke stack emission in atmosphere.According to the utility model, above-mentioned denitrification apparatus and air preheater are below thrown off layout, and both are not arranged in same vertical area.In the vertical lower of denitrification apparatus, arrange one group of ash bucket 12, for cinder discharge with part is solid-state or the discharge of fluidised form, half fluidised form denitration accessory substance, can slow down or reduce thus the operating blockage problem of air preheater.
According in of the present utility model pair of ∏ type boiler, the high-temperature part of single reheat device, secondary reheater and low temperature part can be arranged or in boiler both sides arranged crosswise at boiler homonymy.While adopting homonymy arrangement, for example the high-temperature part of single reheat device is arranged in the radiation heat affected zone of burner hearth left side top, and the low-temp. portion of single reheat device divides and is arranged in left vertical flue; And the high-temperature part of secondary reheater is arranged in the radiation heat affected zone at top, burner hearth right side, the low-temp. portion of secondary reheater divides and is arranged in the vertical gas pass of right side.For example, and while adopting both sides arranged crosswise, the high-temperature part of single reheat device is arranged in the radiation heat affected zone of burner hearth left side top, and the low-temp. portion of single reheat device divides and is arranged in the vertical gas pass of right side; And the high-temperature part of secondary reheater is arranged in the radiation heat affected zone at top, burner hearth right side, and the low-temp. portion of secondary reheater divides and is arranged in left vertical flue.In the utility model, both sides arranged crosswise mode is preferred because the high-temperature part of single reheat device and secondary reheater and low temperature part boiler left and right sides arranged crosswise can balance single reheat steam and double reheat steam because of the temperature that the small imbalance of boiler smoke system causes uneven.
According in of the present utility model pair of ∏ type boiler, in boiler top layout superheated steam outlet header 21, single reheat steam (vapor) outlet header 22 and double reheat steam (vapor) outlet header 23.Because flue is arranged in the left and right sides of burner hearth, therefore superheated steam outlet header 21, single reheat steam (vapor) outlet header 22 and double reheat steam (vapor) outlet header 23 can be arranged and collect and draw (as shown in Figure 2) along the fore-and-aft direction of boiler, then guide steamer machine room downwards into.Can effectively reduce thus the length of the main pipeline of carrying main steam, single reheat steam and double reheat steam, reduce the resistance of ducting and save pipeline investment.
According to the combustion system of of the present utility model pair of ∏ type boiler, there are two passages, i.e. left side burning gallery and right side burning gallery.In the burning gallery of left side, coal dust is two tangential firings in burner hearth, and the flue gas of generation enters left side horizontal flue, then enter left vertical flue, then enter left side air preheater, then enter left side deduster, enter again left side air-introduced machine, then enter desulfurizer, finally by chimney, discharge.In the burning gallery of right side, coal dust is two tangential firings in burner hearth, and the flue gas of generation enters right side horizontal flue, then enter right side vertical gas pass, then enter right side air preheater, then enter right side deduster, enter again right side air-introduced machine, then enter desulfurizer, finally by chimney, discharge.
According to the boiler circuit of of the present utility model pair of ∏ type boiler, there are three passages, i.e. main steam passage, single reheat steam channel, double reheat steam channel.
Main steam passage is first briefly described.Boiler feedwater enters water-cooling wall lower header after economizer preheating, in water-cooling wall, absorb the state that reaches capacity after the radiant heat in burner hearth, and make the evaporation of part water become saturated vapor, the steam water interface forming thus upwards flows into steam-water separator, isolated saturated vapor is introduced into low temperature superheater, enter again medium temperature overheater, then enter high temperature superheater, by high temperature superheater superheated steam out, enter superheated steam outlet header, then by main steam line, be sent to steam turbine ultra-high pressure cylinder and do work.
Next single reheat steam channel is described.Steam in steam turbine ultra-high pressure cylinder after acting is discharged by steam turbine ultra-high pressure cylinder, then by cold section of jet chimney of single reheat, be sent to low-temperature primary reheater, be sent to again high temperature single reheat device, by high temperature single reheat device high temperature single reheat steam out, enter single reheat steam (vapor) outlet header, then by single reheat jet chimney, be sent to steam turbine high-pressure cylinder and do work.
Next double reheat steam channel is described.Steam in steam turbine high-pressure cylinder after acting is discharged by steam turbine high-pressure cylinder, then by cold section of jet chimney of double reheat, be sent to low temperature secondary reheater, be sent to again high temperature secondary reheater, by high temperature secondary reheater high temperature secondary reheated steam out, enter double reheat steam (vapor) outlet header, then by double reheat jet chimney, be sent to Steam Turbine Through IP Admission and do work.
According in of the present utility model pair of ∏ type boiler, because the high-temperature part of superheater, single reheat device and secondary reheater is all arranged in the radiation heat affected zone in burner hearth, therefore the adjusting of vapor (steam) temperature is mainly regulated in the following way: the mode that adds spray desuperheating for the adjusting coal-water ratio of main steam temperature; To the adjusting of single reheat vapor (steam) temperature and double reheat vapor (steam) temperature, adopt tilting burner to add the mode of emergency spray desuperheat.Therefore this method of temperature control is extremely fast to the adjusting of vapor (steam) temperature, has improved the temperature regulation characteristic of boiler according to of the present utility model pair of ∏ type boiler, has improved the temperature adjustment response of boiler, make temperature adjustment response speed sooner, more balanced.
According to the utility model, in left side flue and right side flue, be provided with respectively independently air-introduced machine.When the small imbalance of the vapor (steam) temperature that single reheat device and secondary reheater cause due to heat-transfer character can setover to regulate by the air-introduced machine being separately positioned on left side flue and right side flue.Wherein air-introduced machine biasing refers in the situation that guarantees that total air output of two air-introduced machines is constant, and the air output of finely tuning two air-introduced machines carrys out the flue gas flow of minor alteration both sides flue.The method of temperature control of setovering by air-introduced machine is better than in damper regulative mode, because baffle plate is set in flue, can increase flue gas resistance, increases the consumption of station service.
As follows according to the steam parameter of of the present utility model pair of ∏ type boiler: boiler main steam pressure is between 28-35MPa, main steam temperature is between 600-700 ℃, single reheat steam pressure is between 4-15MPa, single reheat vapor (steam) temperature is between 620-730 ℃, double reheat steam pressure is between 2-6MPa, and double reheat vapor (steam) temperature is between 620-730 ℃.
The above is only illustrative rather than restrictive with shown embodiment herein.Protection domain of the present utility model is determined by claims, but not description above and accompanying drawing are determined.Do not departing from purport situation of the present utility model, the utility model can be implemented by other multiple concrete form.