CN203500006U

CN203500006U - Automobile vacuum pump

Info

Publication number: CN203500006U
Application number: CN201320647839.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 何海波
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2013-10-18
Filing date: 2013-10-18
Publication date: 2014-03-26
Anticipated expiration: 2023-10-18

Abstract

The utility model discloses an automobile vacuum pump. The automobile vacuum pump comprises a pump body, a rotor, a blade, a gas inlet and a gas outlet, wherein the rotor is eccentrically arranged in an inner cavity of the pump body, and a blade groove perpendicular to the bottom surface of the inner cavity is formed in the rotor; the blade is movably inserted into the blade groove so as to separate the inner cavity of the pump body into a gas intake cavity and a gas exhaust cavity. The automobile vacuum pump is characterized in that the inner side wall of the blade groove relatively matched with the blade is provided with a groove; the groove is internally provided with first cylindrical rolling bodies; the first cylindrical rolling bodies and the blade are in rolling contact. The first cylindrical rolling bodies are arranged between the rotor and the blade, so that the slide friction is converted into rolling friction, thereby reducing the abrasion between the rotor and the blade, and reducing the consumption of engine energy by the vacuum pump obviously; meanwhile, because the heat generated by the friction of the vacuum pump is reduced, the flow rate requirement of lubricating oil can be reduced, facilitating reducing the power consumption by a lubricating system; further, the fuel oil consumption of an engine is reduced, and the fuel oil efficiency of the engine is improved.

Description

Automobile vacuum pump

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of vacuum pump, specifically refers to a kind of vacuum pump that is applicable to automobile.

Background technique

At present, motor car engine is all furnished with vacuum pump mostly, this vacuum pump be used as braking vacuum power source of the systems such as power-assisted, cruise, air-conditioning control.Traditional automobile vacuum pump mostly is blade type, comprise the pump housing, pump cover, rotor, blade, there is offset distance at the intracavity sidewall center of rotor and the pump housing, blade is positioned at rotor and can be along with rotor, and its end and intracavity sidewall keep in touch, the side of blade and pump housing inner chamber, bottom surface form Seal cage, in vacuum pump rotary course, blade is separated into zone of high pressure and low pressure area by pump housing inner chamber, continuous variation along with sealed volume, air in vacuum tank is extracted out, in vacuum system, formed vacuum.In this process, due to rubbing contact all the time all between blade and intracavity sidewall and rotor inner side, therefore very easily wearing and tearing, and the wearing and tearing along with blade, frictional loss also constantly increases, and the gap of blade and intracavity sidewall and rotor becomes large simultaneously, causes sealing to reduce, whole efficiency further reduces, thereby causes the engine power of consumption to make greatly idle work.

In order to improve above-mentioned vacuum pump structure, people add terminal at the two ends of above-mentioned blade, the Chinese model utility that is CN201220151629.2 as the existing patent No. discloses a kind of single sliding vane rotary vacuum pump, comprise the pump housing, pump cover, rotor and blade, rotor is arranged in the inner chamber of the pump housing, the lumen centers of rotor and the pump housing has offset distance, on the end face of rotor in the pump housing, have radially groove, blade is placed in the radially groove of rotor, and can slide, it is characterized in that: described blade two ends are connected with respectively terminal, the working end of terminal is circular arc, the diameter of circular arc is greater than the thickness of blade, and be less than the diameter of intracavity sidewall.The gap that blade can be after the middle terminal energy auto-compensation wearing and tearing that work long hours adopts after above-mentioned Split type structure, although can be improved the leakage efficiency of vacuum pump to a certain extent; Can make blade and terminal adopt different materials, blade body adopts the good material of strength and toughness simultaneously, and terminal adopts material wear-resisting and that friction factor is low, to improve overall performance, reduces costs.But blade is in rotary course, and terminal remains sliding friction with the internal chamber wall of the pump housing and contacts, blade is also that sliding friction contacts with the radially slip between groove of rotor all the time, and therefore, the final abrasion loss producing is still higher.And in automobile vacuum pump working procedure, on the fitting surface of blade and rotor, be subject to the effect of alternation radial force, make blade and rotor more easily produce wearing and tearing, and when vacuum pump starts, or when vacuum system is broken empty (vacuum environment is become to non-vacuum environment) suddenly, along with the sharply variation of pressure, also very likely cause the fracture at this terminal necking part place.Moreover, after vacuum pump work a period of time, be evacuated degree of vacuum in tank value of reaching capacity gradually, the now work of vacuum pump enters wait state, and exhaust port is due to straight-through atmosphere, so the exhaust measuring pressure of vacuum pump vanes just equals barometric pressure, and the difference between this barometric pressure and the limiting value of vacuum tank reaches maximum value, cause the blade of vacuum pump to be worked under maximum load, namely vacuum pump is worked under maximum load.Obviously now can improve power consumpiton, reduce fuel efficiency.Also have, owing to being connected with lubricant oil in vacuum pump, when engine shutdown reverses, blade can be done slight rotating backward thereupon, and now, in air-inlet cavity, the pressure of rising is likely pressed into lubricant oil in vacuum system and contaminated vacuum system suddenly.Even if arrange and only allow gas to enter the one-way valve of air-inlet cavity from vacuum system at suction port place, in this engine shutdown reverse situation, the pressure raising in air-inlet cavity also has the phenomenon of damaging one-way valve by pressure.

Model utility content

The technical problems to be solved in the utility model is the present situation for prior art, provides that a kind of frictional loss is less, the automobile vacuum pump of longer service life.

The utility model solves the problems of the technologies described above adopted technological scheme: a kind of automobile vacuum pump, comprise the pump housing, rotor, blade and suction port and air outlet, wherein be arranged in the inner chamber of the pump housing rotor eccentricity and have the blade groove perpendicular to described inner chamber bottom surface on described rotor, described blade is plugged on actively in this blade groove and pump housing inner chamber is separated into air-inlet cavity and exhaust cavity, , it is characterized in that: with on the madial wall of the blade groove of described blade relative engagement, be provided with groove, in described groove, be provided with the first cylindrical rolling element, this first cylindrical rolling element and described blade contact with rolling and the fitting surface of described rotor and blade are separated.

In such scheme, preferably, described groove is positioned on the stressed madial wall of rotation of described blade groove.Such scheme, simple in structure, easy to assembly, cost is low, and can reach the object that reduces frictional loss equally.

Improve, the bottom of described groove is provided with the first elastic pressed piece offseting with described the first cylindrical rolling element again.By the first elastic pressed piece is set, the first elastic pressed piece is pressed on blade by the first cylindrical rolling element effectively, can improve the sealing between rotor and blade, owing to having eliminated gap, can effectively reduce because parts clash into produced noise mutually.Wherein above-mentioned the first elastic pressed piece can be the engineering parts such as spring, reed, rubber.

Improve, described the first elastic pressed piece is the first reed again.The i.e. preferred reed structure of the first elastic pressed piece.

Improve again, between described the first reed and the first cylindrical rolling element, be also provided with the first auxiliary spacer.By the first auxiliary spacer is set, even must the acting on the first cylindrical rolling element of elastic force that the first reed is produced.The surface of contact shape that the first auxiliary spacer contacts with the first cylindrical rolling element can be that plane can be also the cambered surface identical with the radius of curvature of the first cylindrical rolling element.

In above-mentioned each scheme, improve again, on the blade tip of the sidewall of relatively described pump housing inner chamber, have the axial limiting groove along rotor axial, in this axial limiting groove, be provided with the second cylindrical rolling element, described the second cylindrical rolling element contacts with rolling and the sidewall of described blade tip and described pump housing inner chamber is separated mutually with the sidewall of described pump housing inner chamber.By the second cylindrical rolling element being set on the blade end relative with the intracavity sidewall of the pump housing, at blade along in the intracavity sidewall sweep process of the pump housing, blade pass is crossed the second cylindrical rolling element and is kept rolling to contact with intracavity sidewall all the time, thereby can further be reduced in the frictional loss in vacuum pump running, obviously reduce the consumption of vacuum pump to engine power, simultaneously because fricative heat reduces, can reduce the traffic demand to lubricant oil, further reduce the consumption of lubrication system to power, further reduce the fuel consume of motor, improve the fuel efficiency of motor.

Same above-mentioned the second cylindrical rolling element can adopt the material that friction factor is low and wear-resisting to make, and blade body partly adopts the material of intensity and good toughness to make, and the change from friction mode improves the wear-resisting property of automobile vacuum pump greatly like this.

Because overall dimensions and the pump housing inner cavity size of the second cylindrical rolling element after assembling on blade matches, therefore the degree of depth of axial limiting groove can be less than or equal to the radius of described the second cylindrical rolling element, it is the circular groove that the section of axial limiting groove can be into semicircle, or be less than the circular groove of semicircle, or can be U-shaped or V-type groove structure, such design can not make the second cylindrical rolling element now drop in the axial limiting groove of blade yet.But even more preferably, the appearance of the inner surface configuration of described axial limiting groove and described the second cylindrical rolling element matches, and the degree of depth of this axial limiting groove is greater than the radius of described the second cylindrical rolling element, now the section of axial limiting groove is the circular groove that is greater than semicircle, can improve preferably the working stability of the second cylindrical rolling element, and the noise while rolling is little, rolls more flexible.

Improve, the bottom of described axial limiting groove has one or more blind holes again, and the bottom of described blind hole is provided with the second elastic pressed piece offseting with described the second cylindrical rolling element.By the second elastic pressed piece is set, on the one hand, the second elastic pressed piece is by the effective intracavity sidewall that must be pressed on the pump housing of the second cylindrical rolling element, can improve the sealing between the second cylindrical rolling element and the intracavity sidewall of the pump housing, wherein the second elastic pressed piece can be the engineering parts such as spring, reed or rubber; On the other hand, even after the second cylindrical rolling element appropriateness wearing and tearing, under the effect of the elastic force of the second elastic pressed piece, the second cylindrical rolling element can stretch out in the blind hole being in contact with it, supplement the gap of wearing and tearing, make the second cylindrical rolling element and the intracavity sidewall of the pump housing remain that rolling contacts, to improve the leakage efficiency of vacuum pump.

Improve, described the second elastic pressed piece is the second reed again.The i.e. preferred reed structure of the second elastic pressed piece.

Improve again, between described the second reed and the second cylindrical rolling element, be also provided with the second auxiliary spacer.By the second auxiliary spacer is set, even must the acting on the second cylindrical rolling element of elastic force that the second reed is produced.The surface of contact shape that the second auxiliary spacer contacts with the second cylindrical rolling element can be that plane can be also the cambered surface identical with the radius of curvature of the second cylindrical rolling element.

In above-mentioned each scheme, further improvedly be, described place, air outlet or exhaust cavity side are provided with the first one-way valve that only allows gas and lubricant oil to discharge from described exhaust cavity, utilize this first one-way valve, can make exhaust cavity and the atmosphere of vacuum pump be isolated, degree of vacuum in exhaust cavity is close with the pressure of air-inlet cavity (or being evacuated tank) all the time, thereby make the pressure at both sides of vacuum pump vanes almost equal, make vacuum pump when system reaches the degree of vacuum limit, under lower load, work, reduce power consumpiton, improve fuel efficiency.

In above-mentioned each scheme, described suction port place is provided with and only allows gas to enter the second one-way valve in described air-inlet cavity, in described air-inlet cavity side, have a passage, on this passage, be provided with and only allow gas and lubricant oil to discharge the 3rd one-way valve of described air-inlet cavity simultaneously.Adopt after such structure; when engine shutdown reverses, even if the pressure in air-inlet cavity raises, also can gas and lubricant oil be discharged to air-inlet cavity by the 3rd one-way valve; can avoid like this pressure raising to damage the second one-way valve by pressure, can also prevent that lubricant oil is pressed in vacuum system simultaneously.

Compared with prior art, the utility model has the advantage of: by the first cylindrical rolling element is set between rotor and blade, the sliding friction of traditional form is changed into rolling friction, because the friction factor of rolling friction only has the 1/60-1/40 of the coefficient of sliding friction, thereby the wearing and tearing between rotor and blade have been reduced, the energy dissipation that reduction causes due to frictional loss, thus the consumption of vacuum pump to engine power can obviously be reduced; Because the fricative heat of vacuum pump reduces, can reduce the traffic demand to lubricant oil simultaneously, contribute to reduce the consumption of lubrication system to power, further reduce the fuel consume of motor, improve the fuel efficiency of motor; Moreover owing to being the contact of rolling, therefore no matter how pressure changes, and all can not affect the normal work of vacuum pump; And due to frictionless contact between blade and rotor, thereby above-mentioned blade can adopt different materials from the first cylindrical body rolling element, can reduce equally the wear resistance requirement to blade material, reduce cost of material, improve the reliability of vacuum pump, and can increase the service life.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of automobile vacuum pump in the utility model embodiment one;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of Fig. 1 rotor and blade;

Fig. 3 is the partial enlarged drawing at A place in Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of automobile vacuum pump in the utility model embodiment two;

Fig. 5 is the partial enlarged drawing at B place in Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is the structural representation of automobile vacuum pump in the utility model embodiment three;

Fig. 7 is the structural representation of Fig. 6 rotor and blade;

Fig. 8 be in Fig. 6 C-C to Fig. 7 in D-D to sectional view;

Fig. 9 is the scheme of installation that increases the second auxiliary spacer (or first auxiliary spacer) in Fig. 8;

Figure 10 is the structural representation of automobile vacuum pump in the utility model embodiment four.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiment is described in further detail the utility model.

Embodiment one:

As shown in Figure 1, 2, 3, a kind of automobile vacuum pump, comprises the pump housing 1, rotor 3 and blade 5 and pump cover (not shown), and its middle pump body has inner chamber 11, and inner chamber has sidewall and bottom surface, and the pump housing is provided with suction port 12 and air outlet 13.Rotor 3 is arranged on prejudicially in the inner chamber of the pump housing 1 and on rotor 3 and has the blade groove 31 perpendicular to inner chamber bottom surface, blade 5 is plugged on actively in this blade groove 31 and pump housing inner chamber is separated into air-inlet cavity and exhaust cavity, in the present embodiment, because vacuum pump adopts single blade, so blade is now exposed to the two ends of blade groove 31, be exposed to the sidewall of the corresponding inner chamber in blade 5 ends of blade groove 31, and on this end, have the axial limiting groove 51 along rotor axial, in this axial limiting groove 51, be provided with the second cylindrical rolling element 4, the second cylindrical rolling element 4 contacts with rolling and the intracavity sidewall of blade 5 ends and the pump housing 1 is separated mutually with the intracavity sidewall of the pump housing 1.This second cylindrical rolling element 4 adopts the form (can certainly adopt needle roller) of roller, its radius of arc is larger, can in the axial limiting groove 51 of blade 5 ends, there is larger area of contact, thereby relatively can reduce its contact, can alleviate to a certain extent the wearing and tearing of blade 5 ends.The degree of depth of axial limiting groove 51 is less than the radius of the second cylindrical rolling element 4 in addition, and Section Design becomes to be less than the circular groove of semicircle, has improved the roll capability of the second cylindrical rolling element 4.And because overall dimensions and the pump housing 1 inner cavity size of the second cylindrical rolling element 4 after assembling on blade matches, can not make the second cylindrical rolling element 4 now drop from blade 5 yet.

On the madial wall of the blade groove 31 in the blade groove of rotor 3 and blade 5 relative engagement faces, be provided with a plurality of groove 32, groove number herein, can be according to vacuum pump size or technical requirements setting, at the present embodiment, groove 32 has eight, be oppositely arranged between two, have two groups, be distributed in respectively the port of blades adjacent groove, in each groove 32, be provided with the first cylindrical rolling element 2, the blade 5 that this first cylindrical rolling element 2 is relative with groove 32 contacts with rolling and rotor 3 and the fitting surface of blade 5 is separated.This first cylindrical rolling element 2 adopts the form (can certainly adopt roller) of needle roller, and relative the second cylindrical rolling element 4 of its radius of arc is less.

In the present embodiment, 13 places, above-mentioned air outlet are provided with the first one-way valve 9 that only allows gas and lubricant oil to discharge from exhaust cavity.Utilize this first one-way valve, can make exhaust cavity and the atmosphere of vacuum pump be isolated, degree of vacuum in exhaust cavity is close with the pressure of air-inlet cavity (or being evacuated tank) all the time, thereby make the pressure at both sides of vacuum pump vanes almost equal, make vacuum pump when system reaches the degree of vacuum limit, can under lower load, work, further to reduce power consumpiton, improve fuel efficiency.

At suction port 12 places, be provided with and only allow gas to enter the second one-way valve 10 in described air-inlet cavity, and have a passage 14 in air-inlet cavity side, on this passage 14, be provided with and only allow gas and lubricant oil to discharge the second one-way valve 20 of described air-inlet cavity simultaneously.In the present embodiment, this passage and motor car engine inner chamber are connected.When normal work, the air being evacuated in tank enters in air-inlet cavity by the second one-way valve 10, and the 3rd one-way valve 20 closing passage 14 under atmospheric pressure effect.Only have when engine shutdown reverses; blade reverses thereupon; when the pressure in air-inlet cavity raises suddenly; just can make the 3rd one-way valve 20 actions; gas in air-inlet cavity and lubricant oil are drained into motor inner chamber; so both prevented that lubricant oil was pressed in vacuum system, and protected again the second one-way valve 10 to exempt from damage simultaneously.

Embodiment two:

As shown in Figure 4,5, different from embodiment one is, blade 5 is segmentation form, the blade 5 in the blade groove 31 interior settings of rotor 3 comprises blade 1 and blade 2 53, blade 1 adopts spring 6 to be connected together on relative end face with blade 2 53, this spring makes two blades have all the time the trend that exposes to blade groove.In addition, be opened in the circular groove that blade 1 and the Section Design of axial limiting groove 51 on blade 2 53 become to be greater than semicircle, and the degree of depth of this axial limiting groove 51 is greater than the radius of the second cylindrical rolling element 4, improved the stability of the second cylindrical rolling element 4, and roll flexibly, noise is little.

Embodiment three:

As shown in Fig. 6～9, different from embodiment one, in the bottom of the axial limiting groove 31 of blade 5, have blind hole 52, the bottom of blind hole 52 is provided with the second reed 81 offseting with the second cylindrical rolling element 4, as shown in Figure 8.Between the second reed 81 and the second cylindrical rolling element 4, be also provided with the second auxiliary spacer 71, as shown in Figure 9.In groove 32 bottoms of rotor 3, be provided with in addition the first reed 82 offseting with the first cylindrical rolling element 2, as shown in Figure 8.Between the first reed 82 and the first cylindrical rolling element 2, be also provided with the first auxiliary spacer 72, as shown in Figure 9.

Embodiment four:

Different from embodiment one is, in

blade groove

31 and 5 one groups of relative engagement faces of blade, a groove 32 is only set on blade groove 31, as shown in figure 10,, the upper madial wall of blade groove and the upper surface of blade are one group of relative engagement face, the lower madial wall of the lower surface of blade and blade groove is another group relative engagement face, on the stressed madial wall of rotation that this groove 32 is positioned at blade groove 31, namely, when the sense of rotation of rotor is up time direction as shown in figure 10, groove 32 is positioned on the right-hand member of upper madial wall and the left end of lower madial wall of blade groove 31.Such scheme, simple in structure, and can reach the object that reduces frictional loss equally.

The foregoing is only several mode of execution of the present utility model, should be understood that, for the ordinary skill in the art, not departing under principle prerequisite of the present utility model, can also make various deformation and improvement, for example single vane vacuum pump is changed into multiple-blade vacuum pump, at this moment in the bottom of blade groove, be provided with spring, blade-section is released to blade groove, now, only have above-mentioned axial limiting groove being exposed on blade one end of blade groove; Or the sectional-type blade in embodiment two is applied in embodiment one, embodiment three or embodiment four; Or increase reed in embodiment one, embodiment two or embodiment four.Such structure also should be considered as in protection domain of the present utility model.

Claims

1. an automobile vacuum pump, comprise the pump housing (1), rotor (3), blade (5) and suction port (12) and air outlet (13), its rotor (3) is arranged on prejudicially in the inner chamber (11) of the pump housing and on described rotor (3), has the blade groove (31) perpendicular to described inner chamber bottom surface, described blade (5) is plugged on actively in this blade groove (31) and pump housing inner chamber is separated into air-inlet cavity and exhaust cavity, it is characterized in that: with on the madial wall of the blade groove (31) of described blade (5) relative engagement, be provided with groove (32), in described groove (32), be provided with the first cylindrical rolling element (2), this first cylindrical rolling element (2) contacts with rolling with described blade (5) and described rotor (3) and the fitting surface of blade (5) is separated.

2. automobile vacuum pump according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described groove (32) is positioned on the stressed madial wall of rotation of described blade groove (31).

3. automobile vacuum pump according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the bottom of described groove (32) is provided with the first elastic pressed piece offseting with described the first cylindrical rolling element (2).

4. automobile vacuum pump according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described the first elastic pressed piece is the first reed (82), between described the first reed (82) and the first cylindrical rolling element (2), be also provided with the first auxiliary spacer (72).

5. according to the automobile vacuum pump described in the arbitrary claim of claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that: on the blade of the sidewall of relatively described pump housing inner chamber (5) end, have the axial limiting groove (51) along rotor axial, in this axial limiting groove (51), be provided with the second cylindrical rolling element (4), described the second cylindrical rolling element (4) contacts with rolling and the sidewall of described blade (5) end and described pump housing inner chamber is separated mutually with the sidewall of described pump housing inner chamber.

6. automobile vacuum pump according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: the appearance of the inner surface configuration of described axial limiting groove (51) and described the second cylindrical rolling element (4) matches, and the degree of depth of this axial limiting groove (51) is greater than the radius of described the second cylindrical rolling element (4).

7. according to the automobile vacuum pump of claim 6, it is characterized in that: the bottom of described axial limiting groove (51) has blind hole (52), the bottom of described blind hole (52) is provided with the second elastic pressed piece offseting with described the second cylindrical rolling element (4).

8. automobile vacuum pump according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: described the second elastic pressed piece is the second reed (81), between described the second reed (81) and the second cylindrical rolling element (4), be also provided with the second auxiliary spacer (71).

9. according to the automobile vacuum pump described in the arbitrary claim of claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that: described air outlet (13) locate or exhaust cavity side is provided with the first one-way valve (9) that only allows gas and lubricant oil to discharge from described exhaust cavity.

10. according to the automobile vacuum pump described in the arbitrary claim of claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that: described suction port (12) is located to be provided with and only allowed gas to enter the second one-way valve (10) in described air-inlet cavity, in described air-inlet cavity side, have a passage (14), on this passage (14), be provided with and only allow gas and lubricant oil to discharge the 3rd one-way valve (20) of described air-inlet cavity simultaneously.