CN111456846A

CN111456846A - Fluid engine

Info

Publication number: CN111456846A
Application number: CN202010190723.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 魏善兆
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-03-10
Filing date: 2020-03-10
Publication date: 2020-07-28

Abstract

The invention discloses a fluid engine with self-help radial force, and relates to an engine device, in order to enable the engine to be suitable for driving by various energy sources and simplify and integrate a power device. In the cylindrical cylinder body, two adjacent engine chambers which can rotate around a shaft are arranged and are separated by a combined partition plate, the partition plate can pass through the shaft to radially slide and rotate around the shaft, and the gravity center of the partition plate is not always on the axis. The axis is parallel to but not always coincident with the cylinder axis. The two engine rooms are alternatively changed in size in the rotating process, so that the introduction and the discharge of energy media are completed, and the engine room is suitable for various energy sources. The energy medium completes the conversion of energy form in the engine chamber, and is converted into power and led out by a rotating shaft. Because the gravity center of the partition plate does circular motion similar to a circle but not at a uniform speed, centripetal force which is different in size and direction and changes periodically can be generated, and the centripetal force can generate non-zero resultant force in a certain radial direction of the engine to form self-help radial power of the engine.

Description

Fluid engine

Technical Field

The invention relates to an engine device, in particular to a fluid engine.

Background

The general engine only adapts to one fuel or one energy storage source, if one engine can adapt to the driving of various energy storage sources, the energy source required by the engine can be greatly expanded, and the pressure of energy requirement is relieved.

The general engine does not have the function of directly providing the radial force. If radial force is required, the radial force is provided by adding a power conversion device. If there were an engine capable of directly providing radial force, the size of the engine assembly would be reduced. The engine which has axial power and direct radial power is assembled on the carrying devices such as the aerospace vehicles, so that the carrying devices such as the aerospace vehicles have vertical lifting force in a horizontal machine position state.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to realize that the engine can be suitable for the driving of various energy storage sources and simplify and integrate a power device, the invention provides the engine with self-help radial force for aerospace vehicles, vehicles and ships and other carrying devices.

The invention relates to a fluid engine, which is provided with two adjacent engine chambers rotating around a rotating shaft in a cylindrical (or approximately cylindrical) cylinder body. The two engine chambers are separated by a combined partition plate, and the partition plate can be attached to the rotating shaft to radially slide. The axis of the rotating shaft is parallel to but not coincident with the axis of the cylinder body, and the gravity center of the clapboard is not always on the axis of the rotating shaft.

Because the axial lead of the rotating shaft is parallel to but not coincident with the axial lead of the cylinder body, and the engine room partition plate can be attached to the rotating shaft to slide in the radial direction, the respective volume sizes of the two engine rooms are changed in a mutual mode in the rotating process, so that the introduction and the discharge of energy media are completed, and the engine room is suitable for various energy storage sources. The energy storage energy source completes the conversion of energy form in the engine chamber, converts the energy form into power, drives the partition board and the rotating shaft to rotate, and leads the power out through the rotating shaft.

When the rotating shaft rotates at a constant speed (or rotates at an approximate constant speed) under the driving of power and rotates together with the engine room partition, the engine room partition can slide in the radial direction along the axis of the rotating shaft by depending on the rotating shaft, the gravity center of the partition is not always on the axis of the rotating shaft, and the motion of the engine room partition is regulated by the cylindrical cylinder. Thus, the center of gravity of the baffle plate moves circularly in a circular (or approximately circular) but non-uniform speed, so that centrifugal force (or centripetal force) with different sizes and directions and regular and periodic changes can be generated. Such centrifugal forces will generate a non-zero resultant force in a certain radial direction of the engine, i.e. self-supporting radial dynamic force of the engine.

Meanwhile, the high-speed material jet flow discharged from the engine room still has a certain amount of kinetic energy and can be regarded as power output.

The fluid engine of the invention simultaneously outputs three different forms of power, namely axial rotation power, self-service radial power and jet propulsion power, in the conversion action of one energy form, thereby greatly improving the energy conversion efficiency of energy storage energy media and the mechanical efficiency of the engine.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a fluid engine includes a rotating shaft, a cylinder block, and a bulkhead.

The rotating shaft penetrates through the end sockets at two ends of the cylindrical cylinder body and is used for transmitting rotating power, and the axis of the rotating shaft is parallel to but not coincident with the axis of the cylinder body. A radial through groove is formed along the axial lead of the rotating shaft, and the partition board of the engine room penetrates through the through groove of the rotating shaft and can slide in the radial direction in the through groove. The engine room partition consists of two partitions which are combined in a Pd mode and can respectively and independently slide in the radial direction. The engine room partition divides the cylindrical cylinder into two mutually isolated engine rooms. The two engine chambers, the two partition plates and the rotating shaft can jointly rotate around the axis of the rotating shaft and do rotary motion relative to the cylinder body.

Because the axial lead of the rotating shaft is parallel to but not coincident with the axial lead of the cylinder body, and the engine room partition plate can be attached to the rotating shaft to slide in the radial direction, the respective volume sizes of the two engine rooms are changed in a mutual mode in the rotating process, and therefore the introduction and the discharge of energy fluid are completed. The energy storage energy source fluid completes the conversion of energy forms in the engine chamber and converts the energy forms into power.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the fluid engine disclosed by the invention is suitable for various flowing materials capable of rapidly providing pressure in the engine room, so that the engine can be suitable for the driving of various energy storage sources.

According to the fluid engine, the gravity center of the partition plate of the engine room does circular (or approximately circular) but non-uniform circular motion, so that centrifugal force (or centripetal force) which is different in size and direction, regular and periodic in change can be generated, and the centrifugal force can generate non-zero resultant force in a certain radial direction of the engine, namely self-help radial power of the engine.

In the fluid engine according to the present invention, the power output from the engine room is from the engine room rotating with respect to the cylinder block, and the rotation of the engine room revolves or autonomically transfers with respect to the rotation axis.

The fluid engine of the invention outputs three different forms of power, namely axial rotation power, radial self-help power and jet propulsion power, simultaneously in the conversion process of one energy form, thereby greatly improving the energy conversion efficiency of energy storage media and the mechanical efficiency of the engine, simplifying and integrating a power device, and providing the engine with self-help radial force for aerospace vehicles, vehicles and ships and other carrying devices.

Drawings

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an assembled exploded view;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a four-stroke engine;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a three-stroke engine;

fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the operation of a pressure fluid engine.

In the figure: 1. the device comprises a rotating shaft, 2 parts of a partition plate a, 3 parts of a partition plate b, 4 parts of a cylinder body, 5 parts of a feeder, 6 parts of an igniter, 7 parts of an igniter, 8 parts of a feeder, 9 parts of a discharger and 10 parts of a discharger.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

as shown in fig. 2, a fluid motor includes a rotary shaft 1, a cylinder block 4, a partition plate 2 and a partition plate 3, a feeder 5 and a feeder 8, a discharger 9 and a discharger 10, an igniter 6 and an igniter 7.

The rotating shaft 1 penetrates through the end sockets at two ends of the cylindrical cylinder body 4 and is used for transmitting rotating power, and the axis of the rotating shaft 1 is parallel to the axis of the cylinder body 4 but is not always coincident with the axis of the cylinder body 4. A radial through groove is formed along the axial lead of the rotating shaft 1, the engine room partition plate 2 and the partition plate 3 penetrate through the rotating shaft through groove, and the partition plate 2 and the partition plate 3 can slide in the radial direction in the through groove. The engine room partition board 2 and the partition board 3 are composed of two pieces, and the two pieces of partition boards are combined in a Pd type and can respectively and independently slide in the radial direction. The engine room partition 2 and the partition 3 divide the inner cavity of the cylindrical cylinder 4 into two mutually isolated engine rooms a and B. The two engine chambers A and B, the two partition plates and the rotating shaft 1 can rotate around the axis of the rotating shaft together relative to the cylinder body 4. The

feeder

5 and 8, the discharger 9 and 10, the igniter 6 and the igniter 7 are installed on the cylinder body and the end of the cylinder body 4.

Because the axis of the rotating shaft is parallel to the axis of the cylinder body but not always coincident with the axis of the cylinder body, the engine room partition board 2 and the partition board 3 can slide in the radial direction through the through groove of the rotating shaft 1. The sizes of the two engine chambers A and B are changed in a mutual mode in the rotating process, and therefore the introduction and the discharge of the energy source fluid are completed. The energy storage energy source fluid completes energy form conversion in the engine chambers A and B, converts the energy form into power, drives the partition plates 2, the partition plates 3 and the rotating shaft 1 to rotate, and leads out a part of the power through the rotating shaft 1.

When the rotating shaft 1 rotates at a constant speed (or rotates at an approximate constant speed) under the driving of power and rotates together with the engine room partition 2 and the partition 3, the engine room partition can be attached to the rotating shaft 1 on the axis of the rotating shaft 1 to slide in the radial direction, the gravity center of the partition is not always on the axis of the rotating shaft 1, and the motion of the engine room partition is regulated by the cylindrical cylinder 4. Thus, the center of gravity of the baffle plate moves in a circular (or nearly circular) but non-uniform circular motion, thereby generating a centrifugal (or centripetal) force with different magnitude and direction and regular and periodic changes. Such centrifugal forces will generate a non-zero resultant force in a certain radial direction of the engine, i.e. self-supporting radial dynamic force of the engine.

Meanwhile, the high-speed material jet flow discharged from the engine rooms A and B still has a certain amount of kinetic energy, and can be regarded as power output.

[ example 1 ]

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, a four-stroke fluid engine includes a rotary shaft 1, a cylinder 4, a partition 2 and a partition 3, a feeder 5 and a feeder 8, a discharger 9 and a discharger 10, and an igniter 6.

The two engine chambers A and B, the partition plate 2, the partition plate 3 and the rotating shaft 1 jointly rotate around the axis of the rotating shaft clockwise relative to the cylinder body 4. Firstly, opening a feeder 5 and (or) a feeder 8, opening a discharger 9 and (or) a discharger 10, enabling an engine room A to be in an expansion motion state, and sucking fuel and combustion improver into the engine room A or injecting the fuel and the combustion improver into the engine room A by external force; at this time, the engine room B is in a state of a contraction-volume movement, and the fluid therein is discharged by the discharger 9 and/or the discharger 10. Secondly, the feeder 5 and/or the feeder 8 are/is in an open state, the discharger 9 and/or the discharger 10 are/is closed, and the engine room A is in a reduced volume movement state; at this time, the engine room B is in an expansion motion state and enters the next cycle process, and the fuel and the combustion improver are sucked or injected into the engine room B by an external force. In the third step, the feeder 5 and/or the feeder 8 are closed, the discharger 9 and/or the discharger 10 are/is in a closed state, the igniter 6 ignites, and the fuel in the engine room A is ignited or self-ignited and is in an expansion motion state; at this time, the engine room B is in a state of contraction and volume movement. Fourthly, the feeder 5 and/or the feeder 8 are/is in a closed state, the discharger 9 and/or the discharger 10 are/is opened, the igniter 6 is in an ignition state, the engine chamber A is in a contraction volume movement state, and the fluid in the engine chamber A is discharged; at this time, the fuel in the engine room B is ignited or self-ignited, which is in an expansion motion state. Fifthly, opening the feeder 5 and/or the feeder 8, opening the discharger 9 and/or the discharger 10, extinguishing the igniter 6, enabling the engine room A to be in an expansion motion state and enter the next circulation process, and sucking or injecting fuel and combustion improver into the engine room A by external force; at this time, the engine room B is in a state of a contraction-volume motion, and the fluid therein is discharged. The fifth step is the same action as the first step.

According to the four-rotary-stroke fluid engine, the axis of the rotating shaft is parallel to the axis of the cylinder body but not always coincident with the axis of the cylinder body, and the engine chamber partition plate 2 and the partition plate 3 can penetrate through the rotating shaft 1 to slide in the radial direction. The sizes of the two engine chambers A and B are changed in a mutual mode in the rotating process, and therefore the introduction and the discharge of the energy source fluid are completed. The energy storage energy source fluid completes energy form conversion in the engine chambers A and B, converts the energy form into power, drives the partition plates 2, the partition plates 3 and the rotating shaft 1 to rotate, and leads out a part of the power through the rotating shaft 1.

Meanwhile, the high-speed material jet flow discharged from the engine room AB still has a certain amount of kinetic energy and can be regarded as power output.

[ example 2 ]

As shown in fig. 2 and 4, a three-stroke fluid motor includes a rotary shaft 1, a cylinder 4, a partition 2 and a partition 3, a feeder 5 and a feeder 8, a discharger 9 and a discharger 10, and an igniter 7.

The two engine rooms A and B, the partition board 2, the partition board 3 and the rotating shaft 1 can rotate clockwise relative to the cylinder body 4 around the axis of the rotating shaft. Firstly, opening a feeder 5 and (or) a feeder 8, opening a discharger 9 and (or) a discharger 10, enabling an engine room A to be in an expansion motion state, and sucking fuel and combustion improver into the engine room A or injecting the fuel and the combustion improver into the engine room A by external force; at this time, the engine room B is in a state of a contraction-volume movement, and the fluid therein is discharged by the discharger 9 and/or the discharger 10. Secondly, closing the feeder 5 and/or the feeder 8, opening the discharger 9 and/or the discharger 10, igniting the igniter 7, and enabling the engine room A to be in an expansion motion state; at this time, the engine room B is in a state of a contraction-volume movement, and the fluid therein is discharged by the discharger 9 and/or the discharger 10. Thirdly, the feeder 5 and/or the feeder 8 are/is opened, the discharger 9 and/or the discharger 10 are/is in an opened state, the igniter 7 is extinguished, the engine chamber A is in a capacity-reducing movement state, and fluid in the engine chamber is discharged by the discharger 9 and/or the discharger 10; at this time, the engine room B enters the next cycle, the engine room B is in the expansion motion state, and the fuel and the combustion improver are sucked into the engine room B or injected into the engine room B by an external force. Fourthly, the feeder 5 and/or the feeder 8 are closed, the discharger 9 and/or the discharger 10 are opened, the igniter 7 is ignited, the engine room A is in a shrinkage motion state, the fluid in the engine room A is discharged, and the engine room A enters the next cycle; at this time, the fuel in the engine room B is ignited or self-ignited, which is in an expansion motion state. The fourth step is a partially identical continuous motion as the first step.

According to the three-rotary-stroke fluid engine, the axis of the rotating shaft is parallel to the axis of the cylinder body but not always coincident with the axis of the cylinder body, and the engine chamber partition plate 2 and the partition plate 3 can penetrate through the rotating shaft 1 to slide in the radial direction. The sizes of the two engine chambers A and B are changed in a mutual mode in the rotating process, and therefore the introduction and the discharge of the energy source fluid are completed. The energy storage energy source fluid completes energy form conversion in the engine chambers A and B, converts the energy form into power, drives the partition plates 2, the partition plates 3 and the rotating shaft 1 to rotate, and leads out a part of the power through the rotating shaft 1.

[ example 3 ]

As shown in fig. 2 and 5, a pressure fluid engine includes a rotary shaft 1, a cylinder block 4, a partition plate 2 and a partition plate 3, a feeder 5 and a feeder 8, a discharger 9 and a discharger 10, and an igniter 6.

The two engine rooms A and B, the partition board 2, the partition board 3 and the rotating shaft 1 can rotate clockwise relative to the cylinder body 4 around the axis of the rotating shaft. The feeder 5 and/or the feeder 8 are/is in an open state, the discharger 9 and/or the discharger 10 are/is in an open state, and the igniter 6 is always in an ignition state. The volume of the two engine rooms A and B are changed in a mutual mode in the rotating process, when the engine room A (or B) is in an expansion movement state, fuel and combustion improver or pressure fluid are sucked into the engine room through the feeder 5 and/or the feeder 8 or are injected into the engine room through external force. At the moment, the fuel and the combustion improver are ignited to explode, and the explosion gas or pressure fluid completes energy form conversion in the engine room A (or B) and is converted into power; at this time, the engine room B (or a) is forced to be in a contraction-volume movement state, and the fluid therein is discharged. The engine rooms B and A are in the expansion and contraction motion states alternately, the partition boards 2, the partition boards 3 and the rotating shaft 1 are driven to rotate, and power is led out through the rotating shaft 1. The explosion gas or pressure fluid is discharged by a discharger 9 and/or a discharger 10 after the energy form conversion is finished. The fuel and the combustion improver or the pressure fluid are continuously sucked into the engine room or injected into the engine room by external force, are continuously removed after the conversion of the energy form is completed, and drive the rotating shaft to continuously rotate to form power and output the power.

According to the pressure fluid engine, the axis of the rotating shaft is parallel to but not always coincident with the axis of the cylinder body, and the engine room partition plate 2 and the partition plate 3 can penetrate through the rotating shaft 1 to slide in the radial direction. The sizes of the two engine chambers A and B are changed in a mutual mode in the rotating process, and therefore the introduction and the discharge of the energy source fluid are completed. The energy storage energy source fluid completes energy form conversion in the engine chambers A and B, converts the energy form into power, drives the partition plates 2, the partition plates 3 and the rotating shaft 1 to rotate, and leads out a part of the power through the rotating shaft 1.

Claims

1. A fluid engine is characterized in that a rotating shaft (1) penetrates through end sockets at two ends of a cylindrical cylinder body (4), and the axial lead of the rotating shaft (1) is parallel to the axial lead of the cylinder body (4) but not always coincident with the axial lead of the cylinder body; a radial through groove is formed along the axial lead of the rotating shaft (1), the engine room partition plate (2) and the partition plate (3) penetrate through the through groove of the rotating shaft, and the two partition plates are combined in a Pd mode and can radially slide; the inner cavity of the cylindrical cylinder body (4) is divided into two mutually isolated engine rooms A and B by the engine room partition board; the two engine chambers, the two partition plates and the rotating shaft can jointly rotate around the axis of the rotating shaft relative to the cylinder body; the feeder (5) and the feeder (8), the discharger (9) and the discharger (10), the igniter (6) and the igniter (7) are arranged on the cylinder body and the end enclosure of the cylinder body.

2. The fluid engine according to claim 1, wherein the axis of the rotating shaft is parallel to but not always coincident with the axis of the cylinder body, and the engine room partition can slide radially through the through groove of the rotating shaft, the respective volume sizes of the two engine rooms are alternately changed in the rotating process, so that the introduction and the discharge of the energy fluid are completed, the energy storage fluid is converted in the energy form in the engine room and converted into power to drive the partition and the rotating shaft to rotate, and part of the power is led out by the rotating shaft; when the rotating shaft rotates at a constant speed (or rotates at an approximate constant speed) and rotates together with the engine room partition plate, the engine room partition plate can depend on the rotating shaft on the axis of the rotating shaft to slide in the radial direction, the gravity center of the partition plate is not always on the axis of the rotating shaft, and the motion of the engine room partition plate is regulated by the cylindrical cylinder body, so that the gravity center of the partition plate does circular motion (or approximate circular motion) at a non-constant speed, centrifugal force (or centripetal force) with different sizes and directions and regular and periodic changes can be generated, and the centrifugal force can generate non-zero resultant force in a certain radial direction of the engine, namely self-service radial power of the engine; meanwhile, the high-speed material jet flow discharged from the engine room still has a certain amount of kinetic energy and can be regarded as power output.

3. The four-stroke fluid engine according to claim 1, wherein the two engine chambers a and B, the partition (2), the partition (3) and the rotating shaft (1) jointly rotate clockwise relative to the cylinder body (4) around the axis of the rotating shaft, in the first step, the feeder (5) and/or the feeder (8) are opened, the discharger (9) and/or the discharger (10) are/is in an open state, the engine chamber a is in a dilatational state, and fuel and a combustion improver are sucked into the engine chamber a or injected into the engine chamber a by external force; secondly, the feeder (5) and/or the feeder (8) are/is in an open state, the discharger (9) and/or the discharger (10) are/is closed, and the engine room A is in a capacity-reducing dynamic state; thirdly, the feeder (5) and/or the feeder (8) are closed, the discharger (9) and/or the discharger (10) are in a closed state, the igniter (6) ignites, and the fuel in the engine chamber A is ignited or self-ignited and is in an expansion transportation dynamic state; fourthly, the feeder (5) and/or the feeder (8) are/is in a closed state, the discharger (9) and/or the discharger (10) are/is opened, the igniter (6) is in an ignition state, the engine chamber A is in a capacity-reducing motion state, and the fluid in the engine chamber A is discharged; fifthly, opening the feeder (5) and/or the feeder (8), opening the discharger (9) and/or the discharger (10), extinguishing the igniter (6), enabling the engine room A to be in an expansion motion state and enter the next circulation process, and enabling the fuel and the combustion improver to be sucked or injected into the engine room A by external force; the fifth step is the same action as the first step.

4. The three-stroke fluid engine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the two engine chambers a and B, the partition (2), the partition (3) and the rotating shaft (1) are capable of rotating clockwise around the axis of the rotating shaft with respect to the cylinder block (4), and in the first step, the feeder (5) and/or the feeder (8) are opened, the discharger (9) and/or the discharger (10) are in an open state, the engine chamber a is in a dilatational state, and the fuel and the oxidizer are sucked into the engine chamber a or injected into the engine chamber a by an external force; secondly, closing the feeder (5) and/or the feeder (8), opening the discharger (9) and/or the discharger (10), igniting the igniter (7), and enabling the engine chamber A to be in an expansion transportation state; thirdly, the feeder (5) and/or the feeder (8) are started, the discharger (9) and/or the discharger (10) are in a starting state, the igniter (7) is extinguished, the engine chamber A is in a capacity reduction dynamic state, and fluid in the engine chamber is discharged by the discharger (9) and/or the discharger (10); fourthly, the feeder (5) and/or the feeder (8) are closed, the discharger (9) and/or the discharger (10) are opened, the igniter 7 is ignited, the engine chamber A is in a capacity reduction movement state, the fluid in the engine chamber A is discharged, and the engine chamber A enters the next circulation; the fourth step is a partially identical continuous motion as the first step.

5. The pressure fluid engine according to claim 1, wherein the two engine chambers A and B, the partition plate (2), the partition plate (3) and the rotating shaft (1) can rotate clockwise around the axis of the rotating shaft relative to the cylinder body (4), the feeder (50) and/or the feeder (8) are in an open state, the discharger (9) and/or the discharger (10) are in an open state, the igniter (6) is always in an ignition state, the respective volume sizes of the two engine chambers A and B are alternately changed during rotation, when the engine chambers A are in an expansion operation state, the fuel and the combustion improver or the pressure fluid are sucked into the engine chambers or injected into the engine chambers by an external force through the feeder (5) and/or the feeder (8), the fuel and the combustion improver are ignited and exploded, and the explosion gas or the pressure fluid completes the form conversion of energy in the engine chambers A, converting into power, and forcing the engine room B to be in a capacity-reducing dynamic state, wherein the fluid is discharged; the engine rooms B and A are in dynamic expansion and contraction transportation alternately, the partition plates (2) and (3) and the rotating shaft (1) are driven to rotate, and power is led out through the rotating shaft (1); after the energy form conversion of the blasting gas or the pressure fluid is finished, the blasting gas or the pressure fluid is discharged by a discharger (9) and/or a discharger (10), the fuel and the combustion improver or the pressure fluid are continuously sucked into an engine room or injected into the engine room by external force, and after the energy form conversion is finished, the fuel and the combustion improver or the pressure fluid are continuously discharged, the rotating shaft is driven to continuously rotate, and power is formed and output.

6. A fluid engine as claimed in claims 1 and 2, wherein, it is adapted to a plurality of kinds of fluid materials which can rapidly provide pressure in the engine room, so that the engine can be adapted to be driven by a plurality of kinds of energy sources; the fluid engine of the invention outputs three different forms of power, namely axial rotation power, radial self-help power and jet propulsion power, simultaneously in the conversion process of one energy form, thereby greatly improving the energy conversion efficiency of energy media and the mechanical efficiency of the engine, simplifying and integrating a power device, and providing the engine with self-help radial force for aerospace vehicles, ships and other carrying devices.

7. A fluid engine according to claims 1 and 2, characterized by an engine capable of providing directly radial forces, which will reduce the bulk of the engine assembly; the engine which has axial power and direct radial power is assembled on the carrying devices such as the aerospace vehicles, so that the carrying devices such as the aerospace vehicles have vertical lifting force in a horizontal machine position state.