CN203482147U - Photovoltaic array with buoyant raft foundation - Google Patents
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- CN203482147U CN203482147U CN201320336452.8U CN201320336452U CN203482147U CN 203482147 U CN203482147 U CN 203482147U CN 201320336452 U CN201320336452 U CN 201320336452U CN 203482147 U CN203482147 U CN 203482147U
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Abstract
A photovoltaic array with a buoyant raft foundation includes at least two photovoltaic assembly integration plates, and the length of a photovoltaic assembly integration plate is greater than 3 meters; a sum of areas of all photovoltaic assemblies in the array is no less than 10 m2; and the buoyant raft foundation is a strip with a length-width ratio greater than 2. By adopting the strip buoyant raft foundation, the number of piles is reduced, the construction time is saved, and the system cost is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to solar photovoltaic technology field, is specifically related to a kind of photovoltaic array with buoyancy foundation.
Background technology
Solar energy is totally clean, inexhaustible.Most of regenerative resources are if the potential energy of wind energy, water, biomass energy are all by solar energy indirect reformer.Current prevailing fossil energy also comes from the biomass energy in time immemorial as coal, oil, natural gas.Therefore say that solar energy is that most important, the most promising regenerative resource was not at all.
Yet the energy output of solar energy is less than 0.1% of gross generation at present, extremely unbecoming with the status of solar energy.Its main cause is exactly that helioplant efficiency is on the low side, and cost is higher, and economy also cannot be competed mutually with conventional energy resource.
Which is more important for efficiency and cost so? for this problem, there are many different opinions.Some enterprise just emphasizes that solar energy wants high efficiency, high-performance.Certainly this is unblamable for minority enterprise.But be impracticable to whole industry strategy.Not universal solar energy, just cannot solve carbon emission problem, also cannot solve the sustainable development of the energy.The raising of conversion efficiency should with cost be reduced to prerequisite and basis, blindly pursue efficiency and get into a dead end and probably lose more than gain.
Electric power can long-distance transmissions.This means the various energy resources of wide apart: thermoelectricity, water power, nuclear power, wind-powered electricity generation etc. can stand in same starting line competition completely.If solar power generation does not have economy for a long time, relying on government subsidy existence is unthinkable completely.Itself does not make money government, and income nearly all directly or indirectly comes from taxpayer.Any one taxpayer can not tolerate that the tax revenue of oneself paying finally becomes the profit of foreign corporation for a long time.Therefore great amount of investment lacks of prospects in the prior art that cannot significantly make a price reduction.
Photovoltaic module will be put in the first place reducing costs especially.The fluctuation of solar energy is very large, and solar energy average power only has 1/5th of peak power.Therefore the photovoltaic power generation quantity of as much need to be five times in the installation amount of thermoelectricity.And electric energy is difficult to storage, night, overcast and rainy cannot generating.Also energy storage device and intelligent grid be to invest in addition, expensive energy storage and scheduling cost paid.Photovoltaic devices also has life-span and efficiency attenuation problem.The photovoltaic generation that all requires of these all significantly reduces costs.
And in cost of electricity-generating, not only should comprise the cost of solar energy photovoltaic generator itself, also should comprise management cost, cost of floor space, fund cost, installation construction cost, cleaning cost etc.The raising of photovoltaic module conversion efficiency is only one of them aspect.
Photovoltaic industry is all dropped in raising battery efficiency Zhe Tiao road by most time energy and fund at present, is a kind of wrong move in a sense.Certainly in the higher area of labour cost, the raising of conversion efficiency can reduce system installation cost, has certain positive effect.But many novel quick-installation devices also can significantly reduce system installation cost.Therefore still want any compound mode overall system of comprehensive consideration cost just can reach minimum.
The photovoltaic plant structure of existing fixed angle, change all little decades since solar cell invention.
Photovoltaic plant is the photovoltaic generating system that is connected with electrical network and transmits electric power to electrical network.And photovoltaic array refer to by several photovoltaic components, photovoltaic module machinery and electric on by certain way, fit together and have fixing supporting construction and the generator unit that forms.What normal light photovoltaic array sent is direct current.If the photovoltaic module with Miniature inverter has been installed, also can send alternating current.Also someone claims that photovoltaic array is photovoltaic arrays.
Conventionally, photovoltaic array adds that all multi-parts such as header box, DC power distribution cabinet, inverter, transformer, AC power distribution cabinet/AC distribution panel, cable could form a complete photovoltaic plant.Photovoltaic plant includes a plurality of photovoltaic arrays conventionally.
On the whole, the structure of photovoltaic array is roughly similar to a bicycle shed.Ceiling is exactly cell panel, by column ground crossbeam below.Its structure is broadly divided into following components:
Bottom is ground, generally has following several: screw pile, strip concrete foundation and block concrete foundation.
Be mounting bracket in the above, comprise column, crossbeam, purlin etc.General with screw fastening, belong to freely supported structure.
Polylith photovoltaic module cell panel is topmost installed.Then with cable, connect each assembly, and connect the equipment such as header box, power distribution cabinet, inverter, transformer, finally connect upper electrical network.
Photovoltaic generating system is divided into several levels conventionally, and the first level is unit level, minimum and indivisible.For crystal silicon solar batteries sheet, generally its characteristic size (diameter or the length of side) is 125mm, 156mm, general voltage lower (0.5V left and right).The second level is encapsulation level.It is characterized in that, a plurality of unit strings are in parallel, are fixedly encapsulated in an assembly.For crystal silicon solar batteries assembly, be to be generally encapsulated between glass and aluminium backboard and to form by 60-72 silicon chip.Size is generally 1-2 square meter; Tri-layer is array level, generally polylith assembly and supporting construction, consists of.More obvious in tracking system, the photovoltaic array that polylith assembly forms is done as a whole can rotate around the axis; The 4th level is exactly power station level, and conventionally capacity from hundreds of KW to several MW not etc., takes up an area larger.But owing to lacking the intermediate level, need an independent installation component, the set-up time is longer, and labor intensive is more.
The cost of solar photovoltaic power plant generally includes following assembly cost, support cost, ground cost, cost of labor, inversion cost etc.Other costs of removing components are also BOS(balance of system) cost.
The current most of market Hai developed country of photovoltaic module.From economic consideration, scale Yue great ， unit installation cost is installed just lower.Before 2007, in the past component price is up to several years ago due to the very expensive every watt of 3-5 dollar of price of photovoltaic module, and the shared ratio of the supporting structure cost of iron and steel cement is very little by comparison, so the past does not obtain enough attention.
And now along with component price constantly drops, price is even low to 0.7 dollar every watt, therefore to save again 0.01 dollar, cost 1.4% is all very very difficult.It is relatively increasing that ground support is installed artificial shared proportion.And the cost of labor of developed country is higher.Conventionally BOS cost is up to 1.2～2 dollars, and some situation BOS cost is even higher, even accounts for 2/3rds of power station total cost.Therefore BOS cost has become principal contradiction.It is reported, in the large-scale power station BOS of 10MW cost, if the cost of labor of every watt surpasses 0.2 dollar, count artificial that project management fee and other fees comprise in, total cost of labor is even higher.Only just 1/3rd of assembly cost will be surpassed with artificial correlative charges.The shortcoming of existing technique is exactly that the time is long, cost is high, operation is numerous and diverse.
From the power industry rule of development, scale is a kind of conventional means effectively reducing costs.Wind-powered electricity generation, thermoelectricity, nuclear power, water power are not always the case.Thermoelectricity is from 200,000 kilowatts, 300,000 kilowatts 600,000 kilowatts of going so far as present ultra supercritical; Nuclear power is also to develop into 1,000,000 kilowatts from 300,000,600,000.Jiu Shi total thinking of development therefore " is run business big and strong ", doing is exactly greatly the requirement that overall structure will adapt to scale; Run business into strong one and will have scale and benefit exactly, many constant expenses are just shared out equally and can be reduced costs.Photovoltaic generating system installation cost also demonstrates the key character of large-scale production.It is reported, it is 7.7 dollars every watt that U.S.'s installed capacity in 2011 is less than the average installation cost of system of 2 kilowatts; And the large commercial system of installed capacity over 1000 kilowatts is 4.5 dollars every watt; Installed capacity is greater than the system of 10000 kilowatts only for 2.8 to 3.5 dollars every watt.
The size of photovoltaic module is also progressively increasing at present.From past 60 assemblies that are increased to 72 crystal-silicon battery slices, even also has the large-scale membrane photovoltaic component of 5.7 square meters.But being limited by some objective condition increases and runs into a lot of difficulties.The assembly of 72 has weighed 50 jin, and size has reached 2 meters high, and 1 meter wide.Therefore weighing greatly a people moves inconvenience more again.Assembly has glass and crystalline silicon thin slice, very crisp, to deformation sensitive.Therefore if existing structure does not change, size increases the distortion bringing may make glass fragmentation faced, or makes that silicon chip is hidden to be split, and causes unnecessary loss.The too large manpower of assembly cannot be carried.Installation cost reduces, and infrastructure cost cost of transportation rises, and total cost may not reduce.Therefore must consider its production and transport installation procedure.
Almost whole industry loss of photovoltaic industry now, domestic and international many enterprises reduce the staff to stop production and even close down.Some transnational enterprises have closed down photovoltaic business.The present share price of well-known listed company of many photovoltaic industries only has 1/tens of peak, even faces delisting threat.The predicament that photovoltaic faces, thinks little of intellectual property with many enterprises, has much relations.Retrieval analysis is not even carried out in a lot of tens investment aspect intellectual property, and most of flower, on plant and equipment, is really used in technical research seldom.Aspect intellectual property protection, also have very large problem, many enterprises may be because regional protectionism, tort compensation is low and it is difficult etc. former thereby think little of patent to carry out.Many enterprises plagiarize mountain vallage and become a common practice, and even copy and carefully do not copy.The not colored patent of red cent does not go to look into, and has had drawing all be unwilling to do.Must wait until design typification, open in market, and product has been made a profit and just started to plagiarize, and even would rather spend to go to court and also be reluctant to pay patent fee.In fact think little of patent any enterprise, tissue and even country are not all had to benefit.Law court thinks little of patent, and outwardly for having economized and counted out money in the localities, but last photovoltaic industry chain debts lawsuit is a lot of, and only just there is over ten billion debt in certain famous enterprise; Bank thinks little of patent, grudges little Wei enterprise loan, has avoided outwardly excessive risk, but last photovoltaic industry tens over ten billion loans have squandered; Enterprise thinks little of patent, is outwardly to have economized the patent fee of several percentage points.But do not go to understand inventor's thinking, at the heel plagiarism, itself is exactly a kind of loss.Bring thus the error of temporal loss, investment orientation to be only the loss of enterprise's maximum.Because the associated documents such as patent are all disclosed, these losses obviously can only be responsible for by relevant enterprise.Photovoltaic module circuit board correlation technique is not a kind of complicated especially technology, use be the conventional materials such as iron and steel, assembling means are also conventional welding riveted joints etc., research and development are produced does not need too many manpower and materials yet.Listed company of transnational enterprise spends some resources to be just enough to research and develop successfully.And many enterprises have lost tens unexpectedly in two years, under the threat of even all facing collapse in whole enterprise, all do not have to consider.The crisis of photovoltaic industry has also caused the extensive concern of practitioner and news media.And most insiders advocate to develop domestic demand market to avoid being subject to the European & American Market of two anti-restrictions.European & American Market is the most expensive, the every watt of installation higher market of cost of cost of labor exactly, is also current maximum most important market.And the cost that photovoltaic module circuit board correlation technique reduces is considerable, even can save more than 30% system cost in many cases.In the more important > > of cost specific efficiency of the column < < solar energy that the author delivers in December, 2011 < < south energy observation > >, explicitly point out, " in the higher area of labour cost; conversion efficiency improves can reduce system installation cost, has certain positive effect.But many novel quick-installation devices also can reduce system installation cost ".And pass by the so long time, tens photovoltaic loss of enterprise hundreds ofs hundred million obviously all fail to make a breakthrough in reduction system cost, fail to develop breakthrough novel quick-installation device.Present 80% polysilicon enterprise stops production, and nearly half silicon chip, the underproduction of assembly manufacturer are reduced the staff, and most manufacturers are still on the old road of walking to covet conversion efficiency.These facts are enough to illustrate that people do not expect that photovoltaic module circuit board correlation technique is in the great potential having aspect reduction cost of labor.This lesson is too deep.
In fact within considerable time, photovoltaic installation structure all fails to make a breakthrough, and is permitted eurypalynous structure and even before many decades, is just using.As truly there being breakthrough, the BOS cost of high enterprise of developed country has lowered for a long time.Several times at cost or even the photovoltaic module cost of many occasion BOS.Know, photovoltaic module is comprised of the parts of complex precise comparatively, and only before 10 years, also seriously supply falls short of demand.And supporting construction is by cheap iron and steel cement composition.Well imagine, in the cost of the BOS of developed country, a sizable part is cost of labor.Shorten set-up time raising installation effectiveness and can also make the workman of as much complete larger more photovoltaic plant, be also more conducive to the universal of regenerative resource.
In sum, shortening set-up time, reduction cost of labor have become the task of top priority.
In the installation of photovoltaic plant, ground is exactly a suitable stubborn problem.Conventionally ground has the various ways such as straight cutting stake, screw pile, strip concrete foundation and block concrete foundation.If employing concrete, concrete needs the time to solidify.After concreting, need within a certain period of time to take measures exposed face is kept to proper temperature and humidity, make concrete have good curing condition.Maintenance needs several days even tens days to some strength, loses time very much.
Therefore numerous items has all adopted straight cutting stake or screw pile.As long as insert or screw in ground, just there is at once certain bearing capacity, at once mounting bracket and assembly.But blemish in an otherwise perfect thing, the position of stake is difficult to accurately control, and integrated level is still not high enough, still needs many artificial adjusting operations with being connected and fixed of superstructure.Look like weak soil, desert, rock etc. also cannot apply simultaneously manyly.Weak soil, desert are too soft, and after inserting, bearing capacity is not high; Rocks etc. are too hard, and stake also can not get through.
And photovoltaic module circuit board low profile is into strips, simple in structure, be connected with polylith assembly, comparatively robust.This is to based structures optimally, and reduction cost of labor has been created good condition.
Summary of the invention
The defect existing for prior art, the utility model proposes a kind of floating raft type photovoltaic array that adopts photovoltaic module circuit board.
Here, photovoltaic module circuit board refers to a kind of certain scale that has, and is easy to the polylith photovoltaic module of integral installation transportation and the assembly of supporting construction thereof.There is certain scale just can have scale and benefit.Photovoltaic module circuit board should comprise polylith photovoltaic module, and the area sum of all photovoltaic modulies is not less than three square metres.The circuit board of general this scale is that manpower is difficult to directly carrying, need to be by aid.Be easy to integral installation transportation and could save manually, avoid installing one by one fixing and connection photovoltaic module.Should make polylith photovoltaic module and supporting construction be connected into as a whole.For the ease of using Container Transport, its shape should be the plate of strip.Specifically, the length of photovoltaic module circuit board should be greater than 1.5 with wide ratio.Obviously photovoltaic module should be positioned at the front of circuit board, fully to absorb sunlight.Sensitive surface for fear of mutual shading light photovoltaic assembly between assembly should be positioned in a plane.The photovoltaic module back side is supporting construction, and supporting construction comprises the various ways such as battenboard, profiled sheet, steel framework.
For photovoltaic plant, whether necessarily need plug-type ground? obviously negate.Chinese ancient architecture generally consists of stylobate, roof beam structure, roof, adopts regular plane configuration and topology layout.The stylobate of Chinese ancient architecture is exactly a kind of whole floating raft type basis, can effectively tackle the various load such as wind and snow, earthquake.The strip concrete foundation of photovoltaic plant is also similar to buoyant raft in fact, is also to float over ground.But be subject to the impact of concrete property and traditional structure, cannot accomplish Fast Installation.
If photovoltaic module is enough heavy, directly place ground, as long as blow away too, can not generate electricity.If certainly snowed, sleet can cover assembly, also may produce corrosion electric leakage and wait infringement.Therefore should with apart from ground, keep certain distance.The area of the few and few vegetation of sleet dust storm can be overhead more closely.
The utility model has considered above factor, and the technical scheme of photovoltaic array is preferably: a kind of photovoltaic array with buoyancy foundation, comprises at least two photovoltaic module circuit boards; The length of photovoltaic module circuit board is greater than 3 meters; In array, all photovoltaic module area sums are not less than ten square meters; Buoyancy foundation is strip, and length-width ratio is greater than 2.
Floating raft type photovoltaic array comprises at least two photovoltaic module circuit boards, and the length of photovoltaic module circuit board is greater than 3 meters and all photovoltaic module area sums and is not less than the conditions such as ten square meters, is all in order to bring into play better scale and benefit.If photovoltaic module is too little very little, the most extreme situation is the large assembly that the area sum of several widgets be it would be better 1.9 square meters, and that has just lost the meaning of circuit board, cannot bring into play scale and benefit.And being installed, a photovoltaic module circuit board is just equivalent to fixedly mount polylith photovoltaic module simultaneously.Obviously the in the situation that of conditions permit, the longer photovoltaic module of circuit board is The more the better.
The dispersive pressure preferably of the buoyancy foundation of strip, also relatively saves material.Length-width ratio is conventionally large a bit relatively good.Consider here, length-width ratio is greater than 2.
Preferably, photovoltaic array component area sum is greater than 18 square meters.
Preferably, the longitudinal axis angle of the longitudinal axis of buoyancy foundation and circuit board is greater than 60 degree.The buoyancy foundation of strip is if polylith circuit board before and after supporting is obviously more conducive to bring into play its bearing capacity simultaneously.This just requires buoyant raft and polylith circuit board to intersect certain angle.
Preferably, the longitudinal axis of buoyancy foundation and the longitudinal axis of circuit board are vertical.Best angle yes 90 degree, now.The circuit board longitudinal axis refers to the length direction of circuit board.
Preferably, buoyancy foundation is rectangle pipe.The contact area on rectangle pipe and ground is larger, is conducive to improve bearing capacity.
Preferably, buoyancy foundation is hollow pipe.Because circuit board will be propped up to certain altitude, so buoyant raft size can not be too little.In the middle of hollow pipe, be empty, thus material relatively saved,
Preferably, the wall thickness of buoyancy foundation hollow pipe used is less than 10 millimeters.Wall thickness is a little bit smaller also can save material.
Useful technique effect of the present utility model is:
1, adopted prefabricated buoyancy foundation and photovoltaic module circuit board, photovoltaic module circuit board is also equivalent to prefabrication simultaneously.Thereby greatly improved installation rate.
2, higher installation rate is not only conducive to reduce installation cost, also can reduce the adverse effect of geographic climate to construction.
3, the shortening of installing/dismounting time greatly reduces cost of labor.The shortening in take-down time is also conducive to the recycling of assembly.
In a word, the Fast Installation of solar power station is disposed ability and not only can be reduced costs, and has also promoted customer experience.Consider the huge scale of the industry Future Development of solar energy, its economic benefit and social benefit are all very high.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the perspective view of embodiment 1 of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is the front view of the utility model embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is the vertical view of the utility model embodiment 1.
Fig. 4 is the end view of the utility model embodiment 1.
Fig. 5 is the partial enlarged view of the end view of the utility model embodiment 1.
The realization of the utility model object, functional characteristics and advantage, in connection with embodiment, are described further with reference to accompanying drawing.
Embodiment
Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only in order to explain the utility model, and be not used in restriction the utility model.
A kind of photovoltaic array with buoyancy foundation of specific embodiment, comprises at least two photovoltaic module circuit boards; The length of photovoltaic module circuit board is greater than 3 meters; In array, all photovoltaic module area sums are not less than ten square meters; Buoyancy foundation is strip, and length-width ratio is greater than 2.
The utility model is also, photovoltaic array component area sum is greater than 18 square meters.
The utility model is also, the longitudinal axis angle of the longitudinal axis of buoyancy foundation and circuit board is greater than 60 degree.
The utility model is also, the longitudinal axis of buoyancy foundation is vertical with the longitudinal axis of circuit board.
The utility model is also, buoyancy foundation is rectangle pipe.
The utility model is also, buoyancy foundation is hollow pipe.
The utility model is also, the wall thickness of buoyancy foundation hollow pipe used is less than 10 millimeters.
Fig. 1 is the perspective view of embodiment 1 of the present utility model.Fig. 2 is the front view of the utility model embodiment 1.Fig. 3 is the vertical view of the utility model embodiment 1.Fig. 4 is the end view of the utility model embodiment 1.Fig. 5 is the partial enlarged view of the end view of the utility model embodiment 1.
As shown in Figure 1,2,3, 4, two photovoltaic module circuit boards 1 are fixed on a buoyancy foundation 3 side by side.Above-mentioned buoyancy foundation is rectangular hollow pipe 3.As can be seen from Figure 1 the longitudinal axis of circuit board is parallel with hollow pipe 3.Because photovoltaic module needs certain angle of inclination, so rear portion still needs column 4 to support.In Fig. 5, can find out between photovoltaic module circuit board 1 and the flange of column 4 and have certain angle, so both connect by angle fixed block 5.Hollow pipe 3 is directly shelved on ground 2.In fact column 4 is also inserted into the effect of playing ground support in ground 2.Therefore photovoltaic array described in the utility model has been saved the ground of half, and overhead near one end is without laying the foundations, thereby saved ground cost.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present utility model; not thereby limit the scope of the claims of the present utility model; every equivalent structure transformation that utilizes the utility model specification and accompanying drawing content to do; or be directly or indirectly used in other relevant technical fields, be all in like manner included in scope of patent protection of the present utility model.
Claims (6)
1. with a photovoltaic array for buoyancy foundation, comprise at least two photovoltaic module circuit boards; The length of photovoltaic module circuit board is greater than 3 meters; In array, all photovoltaic module area sums are not less than ten square meters; Buoyancy foundation is strip, and length-width ratio is greater than 2.
2. photovoltaic array according to claim 1, is characterized in that, photovoltaic array component area sum is greater than 18 square meters.
3. photovoltaic array according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the longitudinal axis angle of the longitudinal axis of buoyancy foundation and circuit board is greater than 60 degree.
4. photovoltaic array according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the longitudinal axis of buoyancy foundation is vertical with the longitudinal axis of circuit board.
5. photovoltaic array according to claim 1, is characterized in that, buoyancy foundation is rectangle pipe.
6. photovoltaic array according to claim 1, is characterized in that, buoyancy foundation is hollow pipe.
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| CN201320336452.8U CN203482147U (en) | 2013-06-11 | 2013-06-11 | Photovoltaic array with buoyant raft foundation |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2017071549A1 (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2017-05-04 | 上海箔梧能源有限公司 | Floating photovoltaic frame system |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2017071549A1 (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2017-05-04 | 上海箔梧能源有限公司 | Floating photovoltaic frame system |
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