CN203432937U - High-temperature humidity instrument - Google Patents
High-temperature humidity instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN203432937U CN203432937U CN201320580479.1U CN201320580479U CN203432937U CN 203432937 U CN203432937 U CN 203432937U CN 201320580479 U CN201320580479 U CN 201320580479U CN 203432937 U CN203432937 U CN 203432937U
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- zirconium oxide
- oxygen sensor
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a high-temperature humidity instrument which comprises a limit current type zirconium oxide oxygen sensor capable of measuring environmental humidity. The limit current type zirconium oxide oxygen sensor is connected with a preheating circuit and is in signal connection with a single chip as a main controller through a signal acquisition amplification circuit; the single chip is connected with a working voltage channel selection circuit in a control manner; the working voltage channel selection circuit is connected with the zirconium oxide oxygen sensor; a control keyboard and display equipment are arranged on the single chip; a connection serial port connected with a computer is arranged on the single chip. The high-temperature humidity instrument takes the limit current type zirconium oxide oxygen sensor as a sensitive part and the single chip as the main controller for measuring the humidity in a high-temperature environment on the basis of the characteristic that the limit current type zirconium oxide oxygen sensor can be applied to measurement work in the high-temperature environment, and is simple in structure, convenient in measurement and high in measurement accuracy.
Description
Technical field
The utility model is related to moisture measurement technical field, especially a kind of high humiture instrument.
Background technology
In many industries, the humidity of environment has a great impact to work generation, therefore the measurement of ambient humidity parameter has become extremely important action.At present, at low ambient temperatures（Temperature is less than 100 DEG C）, stably, be fitted with the humidity measuring apparatus of these humidity sensors just can complete moisture measurement work well to common humidity sensor performance；But under the hot environment of the industries such as weaving, papermaking, food, boiler, the drying of wood（Temperature is higher than 100 DEG C）, above-mentioned humidity sensor and corresponding measuring instrumentss then can not normal work, therefore, the measuring instrumentss of moisture measurement can be carried out in hot environment by being badly in need of exploitation.
The measurement of oxygen concentration under hot environment can be realized due to aoxidizing the limit-current type oxygen sensor on zirconium base plinth based on high-temperature solid electrolyte, the measurement of the oxygen concentration in the high temperature such as vehicle exhaust, boiler smoke, adverse circumstances has been widely applied.In order to improve measurement accuracy, people are investigated influence of the vapor to the lambda sensor in high temperature co-existing gases, be found that humidity size and sensor output signal exist it is certain associate, therefore measure by limit-current type Zirconium oxide oxygen sensor the humidity under hot environment and be possibly realized.
The content of the invention
Technical problem to be solved in the utility model is that there is provided a kind of high humiture instrument simple in construction, that measurement is convenient, measurement accuracy is high for the present situation of prior art.
The utility model solve the technical scheme that is used of above-mentioned technical problem for：
A kind of high humiture instrument, include the sensor for being capable of measuring environment humidity, wherein, sensor is limit-current type Zirconium oxide oxygen sensor, pre-add heater circuit is connected with the limit-current type Zirconium oxide oxygen sensor, limit-current type Zirconium oxide oxygen sensor is connected by signal acquisition amplifying circuit with as the single-chip microcomputer signal of master controller, connection control operating voltage channel selection circuit on single-chip microcomputer, the operating voltage channel selection circuit is connected with Zirconium oxide oxygen sensor, control keyboard and display device are provided with described single-chip microcomputer, the connection serial ports for connecting computer is additionally provided with the single-chip microcomputer.
The technical measures of optimization also include：
Above-mentioned limit-current type Zirconium oxide oxygen sensor include yttrium stable zirconium oxide piece, two panels platinum electrode piece and on offer the ceramic cap of gas diffusion hole, platinum electrode piece is affixed on the upper and lower surface of yttrium stable zirconium oxide piece described in two panels, and be connected respectively with the negative, positive pole of adjustable D. C regulated by wire, it is in series with wire on ammeter, adjustable D. C regulated and is parallel with voltmeter；The platinum electrode piece formation anode being connected with adjustable D. C regulated positive pole, the platinum electrode piece formation negative electrode being connected with adjustable D. C regulated negative pole, negative electrode platinum electrode piece peripheral hardware installs the ceramic cap of gas diffusion hole, and the bottom of ceramic cap is connected and formed the cavity of parcel negative electrode platinum electrode piece with yttrium stable zirconium oxide piece.
Above-mentioned single-chip microcomputer is C8051F330 single-chip microcomputers.
Above-mentioned display device is 1602 chip of LCD.
4 buttons are provided with above-mentioned control keyboard, including 3 are used to complete user interface switching, the menu key and 1 self checking key for automatic straightening accuracy of instrument of alarm upper lower limit value setting.
Above-mentioned connection serial ports connects computer by RS-232 universal serial bus.
Compared with prior art, a kind of high humiture instrument of the present utility model, using limit-current type Zirconium oxide oxygen sensor as sensing unit, master controller is used as using single-chip microcomputer, operating voltage is provided by operating voltage channel selection circuit, transmission signal, and the measurement for the calculating completion ambient humidity for passing through single-chip microcomputer are received by signal acquisition amplifying circuit, its is simple in construction, and measurement is convenient；Because limit-current type Zirconium oxide oxygen sensor can apply under hot environment measure work, therefore this high humiture instrument can be in hot environment energy normal work, and overcoming existing humidity measuring apparatus in high temperature environments can not normal work or the inaccurate shortcoming of measurement.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is structural framing figure of the present utility model；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of limit-current type Zirconium oxide oxygen sensor of the present utility model；
Fig. 3 is measurement procedure figure of the present utility model；
Fig. 4 is the test device of influence of the vapor to limit-current type Zirconium oxide oxygen sensor；
Fig. 5 is the graph of a relation of the carrying current that limit-current type Zirconium oxide oxygen sensor works under containing water vapor environment and voltage；
Fig. 6 is water vapor concentration and ΔI L Between graph of a relation.
Embodiment
The utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiment.
Reference is：Limit-current type Zirconium oxide oxygen sensor 1, yttrium stable zirconium oxide piece 11, platinum electrode piece 12, ceramic cap 13, gas diffusion hole 13a, adjustable D. C regulated 14, wire 15, ammeter 16, voltmeter 17, pre-add heater circuit 2, signal acquisition amplifying circuit 3, single-chip microcomputer 4, overflow alarm circuit 41, operating voltage channel selection circuit 5, control keyboard 6, display device 7, connect serial ports 8, holding furnace 90, quartz ampoule 91, air inlet pipe 92, insulation belt 92a, humidifier 93, container 94, wireway 95, rubber stopper 96, D.C. regulated power supply 97, electrochemical analyser 98, computer 99.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of high humiture instrument, include the sensor for being capable of measuring environment humidity, described sensor is limit-current type Zirconium oxide oxygen sensor 1, pre-add heater circuit 2 is connected with the limit-current type Zirconium oxide oxygen sensor 1, limit-current type Zirconium oxide oxygen sensor 1 is connected by signal acquisition amplifying circuit 3 with as the signal of single-chip microcomputer 4 of master controller, connection control operating voltage channel selection circuit 5 on single-chip microcomputer 4, the operating voltage channel selection circuit 5 is connected with Zirconium oxide oxygen sensor 1, control keyboard 6 and display device 7 are provided with single-chip microcomputer 4, the connection serial ports 8 for connecting computer is additionally provided with the single-chip microcomputer 4.
In embodiment, single-chip microcomputer 4 is C8051F330 single-chip microcomputers.
In embodiment, display device 7 is 1602 chip of LCD；1602 chip of LCD can show that 2 rows 16 arrange totally 32 characters simultaneously, it be it is a kind of be specifically used to display letter, numeral, the dot matrix type Liquid Crystal Module of symbol, its is with low cost, the practical display device 7 as instrument.
In embodiment, 4 buttons are provided with control keyboard 6, including 3 are used to complete user interface switching, the menu key and 1 self checking key for automatic straightening accuracy of instrument of alarm upper lower limit value setting.
In embodiment, connection serial ports 8 connects computer by RS-232 universal serial bus；Single-chip microcomputer 4 connects computer by connecting serial ports 8, is shown after can measurement result be handled, can also transmit to computer and preserve and analyzed.
As shown in Figure 2, limit-current type Zirconium oxide oxygen sensor 1 include yttrium stable zirconium oxide piece 11, two panels platinum electrode piece 12 and on offer gas diffusion hole 13a ceramic cap 13, platinum electrode piece 12 is affixed on the upper and lower surface of yttrium stable zirconium oxide piece 11 described in two panels, and be connected respectively with the negative, positive pole of adjustable D. C regulated 14 by wire 15, it is in series with described wire 15 on ammeter 16, described adjustable D. C regulated 14 and is parallel with voltmeter 17；The formation anode of platinum electrode piece 12 being connected with the positive pole of adjustable D. C regulated 14, the formation negative electrode of platinum electrode piece 12 being connected with the negative pole of adjustable D. C regulated 14, the peripheral hardware of negative electrode platinum electrode piece 12 installs gas diffusion hole 13a ceramic cap 13, and the bottom of described ceramic cap 13 is connected and formed the cavity of parcel negative electrode platinum electrode piece 12 with yttrium stable zirconium oxide piece 11.
The operation principle of limit-current type Zirconium oxide oxygen sensor 1：
Negative electrode：O2 + 4e → 2O2-
Anode：2O2- → O2 + 4e
Oxygen in cavity on negative electrode constantly becomes oxonium ion by the catalytic action of negative electrode, under the driving of external working voltage, anode is pumped into by yttrium stable zirconium oxide piece 11 and becomes oxygen again, so that oxygen concentration in cavity is less than extraneous oxygen concentration, the extraneous oxygen of driving by gas diffusion from gas diffusion hole 13a to cavity.With the increase of operating voltage, the increase of pump oxygen ability promotes the oxygen concentration in cavity to be increased with extraneous difference in oxygen concentration, the gas flow that the external world spreads into cavity also becomes big therewith, and certain loop current value also increases therewith.But because the gas diffusion hole 13a of ceramic cap 13 can limit the diffusion of gas, therefore when operating voltage increases to certain certain value, pump oxygen ability reaches balance with diffusing into the oxygen molecule of cavity.It is now extraneous to reach maximum by the gas diffusion hole 13a oxygen molecule flows entered in cavity and tend towards stability, the size of electric current is only influenceed by oxygen molecule by gas diffusion hole 13a diffusion rate, and, the saturated of now reach capacity current mode Zirconium oxide oxygen sensor 1 unrelated with applied voltage.Now loop current value, which also reaches, be rendered as carrying current platform on a stationary value, the output characteristic curve of limit-current type Zirconium oxide oxygen sensor 1, and the value of the carrying current platform is referred to as carrying current electric currentI L , its specific theory deduction is as follows：
The gas diffusion aperture d of general sensor is much larger than the mean free path of gas, is now diffused as normal diffusion.Gas molecule is driven jointly by gas diffusion hole by the difference in oxygen concentration and draught head of aperture both sides.When spreading beinthebalancestate, the propagation energy of oxygen
For：
Wherein：D- oxygen diffusion coefficient；S- gas diffusion hole average cross-section；P- environment total gas pressure；R- gas constant；T- absolute temperature；- it is tested gas oxygen concentration；Y- dispersal direction displacement vector；J- total gas flux.
When reaching saturation state,
=J =constant, according to boundary condition：
Z=0 
=
Z=L =
Equation is carried out to solve：
In above formula：L- gas diffusion bore dia；Oxygen concentration in-environment；
Oxygen concentration in-cavity.Because zirconia solid electrolyte is pure oxygen ion conductor in high temperature, an oxygen molecule can carry 4 electronics when passing through electrolyte.Thus, oxygen propagation energy just can be set up by faraday's theorem
With sensor currentIBetween relation：
In above formula：F- faraday constant.
When being in saturation state using sensor, the oxygen concentration in cavity is zero i.e.：=0, carrying current can be obtainedI LWith tested extraneous oxygen concentration
There is following relation：
It can be learnt from above formula,I LWith-ln (1-X O2) linear, it is possible to this formula is utilized, by the detection to loop current, the measurement of environmental oxygen concentration is realized.
It has been investigated that, if containing vapor in tested gas, obtained carrying current will be measured to limit-current type Zirconium oxide oxygen sensor 1I LInfluence is produced, is now tested using test device as shown in Figure 4：Limit-current type Zirconium oxide oxygen sensor 1 is placed in a quartz ampoule 91, air inlet pipe 92 is connected with the import of quartz ampoule 91, air inlet pipe 92 is connected by a humidifier 93 with the container 94 built with tested gas, and the exit of quartz ampoule 91 is clogged with the rubber stopper 96 with wireway 95；4 pins are provided with limit-current type Zirconium oxide oxygen sensor 1, two pins are heating electrode, for connecting heating power supply, other two are working electrode, for connecting working power, D.C. regulated power supply 97 is connected with the heating electrode of limit-current type Zirconium oxide oxygen sensor 1, the working electrode of limit-current type Zirconium oxide oxygen sensor 1 is connected on electrochemical analyser 98, electrochemical analyser 98 is connected with the computer 99 for analyzing, handling.
Tested gas is dry air, is tested aggregate sample gas of the gas by acquisition different humidity after humidifier 93.Limit-current type Zirconium oxide oxygen sensor 1 is placed in the aggregate sample gas, limit-current type Zirconium oxide oxygen sensor 1 is carried out using 3.6V voltages by D.C. regulated power supply 97 to be preheated to more than 350 DEG C, and apply 0V to limit-current type Zirconium oxide oxygen sensor 1 to the operating voltage of 2V consecutive variations, it is shown in solid in the carrying current and the graph of a relation of voltage such as Fig. 5 that are now exported from electrochemical analyser 98, occur two carrying current platforms on graph of a relation.
During 0 ~ 1V of operating voltage, merely due to oxygen produces the transmission of pump oxygen in aggregate sample gas, loop current is brought, when operating voltage reaches 0.85V, carrying current platform, referred to as the first carrying current occursI L1 。
First carrying currentI L1 Calculating formula it is as follows：
In above formula：
The diffusion coefficient of oxygen in-steam-laden air；
But when operating voltage is higher than 1V, water vapour molecule in aggregate sample gas under the effect of this operating voltage, can also occur the ionization of following hydrone, produce oxonium ion, the oxonium ion produced with above-mentioned oxygen is superimposed, and brings the increase of loop current.Typically when operating voltage increases to 1.60V, there is new carrying current platform, referred to as the second carrying current platformI L2 。
Second carrying currentI L2 Calculating formula it is as follows：
In formula：For water vapor concentration.
According to above-mentioned mechanism, when two carrying currents make the difference to more than, obtained carrying current difference should be relevant with the water vapor concentration in mixed gas：
So as to obtain the computing formula of water vapor concentration：
Wherein：。
Dotted line show the output characteristics of lambda sensor in not containing water vapor air ambient in Fig. 5, a carrying current platform only occursI L0 , and this carrying current platform is slightly aboveI L1 , because the presence of vapor dilutes the concentration of oxygen to a certain extent.
In order to ensure the accuracy of test result, in test process, quartz ampoule 91 is placed in holding furnace 90, and air inlet pipe 92 is wrapped with insulation belt 92a；The tested gas in the range of 0 to 16% water vapor concentration is tested using above-mentioned test device, and I-V characteristic image is exported by electrochemical analyser 98, the relation obtained between water vapor concentration and Δ IL is as shown in Figure 6；Both have good linear relationship as can be drawn from Figure 6, and its linearly dependent coefficient r is 0.99061.Theoretical foundation more than, limit-current type Zirconium oxide oxygen sensor 1 can be used to measure the humidity under hot environment.
Operating voltage channel selection circuit 5 mainly includes power supply division module and signal relay two parts.Drawn by the characteristic of limit-current type Zirconium oxide oxygen sensor 1 and the studies above test analysis, the normal work of limit-current type Zirconium oxide oxygen sensor 1 and when exporting two stable carrying current platforms, it is necessary to which the operating voltage for being applied to its working electrode two ends is respectively 0.85V and 1.60V.Therefore, the effect of power supply division module is and produces to need to be applied to two operating voltages at lambda sensor working electrode two ends by adjustable voltage stabilizer part, and single-chip microcomputer 4 then produces signal according to program circuit and different operating voltage passages are selected come control signal relay.
Signal acquisition amplifying circuit 3 mainly includes current-to-voltage converting circuit, signal amplification circuit and signal conditioning circuit etc..The microampere that signal acquisition amplifying circuit 3 exports limit-current type Zirconium oxide oxygen sensor 1-milliampere level current signal is converted into 0 to the 3.3V voltage signal that single-chip microcomputer 4 can be gathered.
Because long-time is used, the tiny dust in tested gas can reduce the diffusion hole area S of sensor, bring the change of COEFFICIENT K, cause to float under test data.In order to ensure the Stability and veracity of hygronom measurement, self checking function is provided with Software for Design, self checking function is triggered by the self checking key of control keyboard 6, self checking function will carry out autonomous calibration to the parameter K in humidity instrument system, so as to improve the accuracy of hygronom measurement.
It is generally believed that in containing water vapor air oxygen diffusion coefficient
With the diffusion coefficient of oxygen in clean airDApproximately equal, therefore formula can be based on
Verified.Concrete scheme is as follows：Press after check key, lambda sensor is placed in the clean air that known oxygen concentration is 20.9%, operating voltage channel selecting 0.85V starts process of measurement, the first carrying current platform stablizedI Lk , now substituted into following formula, just can obtain the K values after measuring accuracy is improved, and the parameter value before covering.
As shown in figure 3, the measuring method of the high humiture instrument of the utility model, comprises the following steps：
Step 1: carrying out initialization operation to single-chip microcomputer 4 and display device 7, preheating 170 seconds to 230 seconds then is carried out to the voltage that the heating electrode of limit-current type Zirconium oxide oxygen sensor 1 applies 3.6V using pre-add heater circuit 2；
Step 2: single-chip microcomputer 4 reads internal data parameter, and alarm upper lower limit value is set by control keyboard 6 and chooses whether to carry out self checking operation to parameter；Program is interrupted provided with self checking, only when self checking button is pressed, and program, which just enters, interrupts, and display device 7 shows that " K selfcheck " confirm interface, after treating that user reaffirms, perform self checking operation.Checking procedure, which is skipped, if without interrupting enters next step；
Step 3: operating voltage channel selection circuit 5 provides 0.85V the first operating voltage to the working electrode of limit-current type Zirconium oxide oxygen sensor 1V 1 , limit-current type Zirconium oxide oxygen sensor 1, which starts, measures the first carrying currentI L1 , and current signal is converted into voltage signal by signal acquisition amplifying circuit 3 by it transmitted to single-chip microcomputer 4；The voltage channel selection circuit 5 that proceeds with one's work provides 1.60V the second operating voltage to the working electrode of limit-current type Zirconium oxide oxygen sensor 1V 2 , limit-current type Zirconium oxide oxygen sensor 1, which starts, measures the second carrying currentI L2 , and current signal is converted into voltage signal by signal acquisition amplifying circuit 3 by it transmitted to single-chip microcomputer 4；
Step 4: single-chip microcomputer 4 is according to the first carrying current receivedI L1 With the second carrying currentI L2 Calculate both differencesΔI L , finally by single-chip microcomputer 4 according to computing formula
The program write calculates the concentration value of vapor, and is converted into relative humidity；The humidity calculated can be transmitted according to the instruction of control keyboard 6 to connection serial ports 8, and is finally transmitted into computer, can also be transmitted to display device 7 and shown according to the instruction of control keyboard 6；Meanwhile, humidity value is compared with limits value above and below alarm, alarm is sent if beyond limits value up and down.
Measuring for humidity is just completed by above step, is and so on circulated, and will be after Measurement and Data Processing, display in real time, transmission, until self checking keys interrupt just stops measurement, execution self checking is operated.
Most preferred embodiment of the present utility model has been illustrated, and the various change or remodeling made by those of ordinary skill in the art are all without departing from scope of the present utility model.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of high humiture instrument, includes the sensor for being capable of measuring environment humidity, it is characterized in that：Described sensor is limit-current type Zirconium oxide oxygen sensor (1), pre-add heater circuit (2) is connected with the limit-current type Zirconium oxide oxygen sensor (1), described limit-current type Zirconium oxide oxygen sensor (1) is connected by signal acquisition amplifying circuit (3) with single-chip microcomputer (4) signal as master controller, connection control operating voltage channel selection circuit (5) on described single-chip microcomputer (4), the operating voltage channel selection circuit (5) is connected with Zirconium oxide oxygen sensor (1), control keyboard (6) and display device (7) are provided with described single-chip microcomputer (4), the connection serial ports (8) for connecting computer is additionally provided with the single-chip microcomputer (4).
2. a kind of high humiture instrument according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Described limit-current type Zirconium oxide oxygen sensor (1) includes yttrium stable zirconium oxide piece (11), two panels platinum electrode piece (12) and on offer gas diffusion hole (13a) ceramic cap (13), platinum electrode piece (12) is affixed on the upper and lower surface of yttrium stable zirconium oxide piece (11) described in two panels, and it is negative with adjustable D. C regulated (14) respectively by wire (15), positive pole is connected, ammeter (16) is in series with described wire (15), voltmeter (17) is parallel with described adjustable D. C regulated (14)；Platinum electrode piece (12) the formation anode being connected with adjustable D. C regulated (14) positive pole, platinum electrode piece (12) the formation negative electrode being connected with adjustable D. C regulated (14) negative pole, negative electrode platinum electrode piece (12) is externally provided with gas diffusion hole (13a) ceramic cap (13), and the bottom of described ceramic cap (13) is connected and formed the cavity of parcel negative electrode platinum electrode piece (12) with yttrium stable zirconium oxide piece (11).
3. a kind of high humiture instrument according to claim 2, it is characterized in that：Described single-chip microcomputer (4) is C8051F330 single-chip microcomputers.
4. a kind of high humiture instrument according to claim 3, it is characterized in that：Described display device (7) is 1602 chip of LCD.
5. a kind of high humiture instrument according to claim 4, it is characterized in that：4 buttons are provided with described control keyboard (6), including 3 are used to complete user interface switching, the menu key and 1 self checking key for automatic straightening accuracy of instrument of alarm upper lower limit value setting.
6. a kind of high humiture instrument according to claim 5, it is characterized in that：Described connection serial ports (8) connects computer by RS-232 universal serial bus.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201320580479.1U CN203432937U (en) | 2013-09-18 | 2013-09-18 | High-temperature humidity instrument |
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| CN201320580479.1U CN203432937U (en) | 2013-09-18 | 2013-09-18 | High-temperature humidity instrument |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107389748A (en) * | 2017-07-26 | 2017-11-24 | 合肥辰工科技有限公司 | A kind of shale moisture measurement device and method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107389748A (en) * | 2017-07-26 | 2017-11-24 | 合肥辰工科技有限公司 | A kind of shale moisture measurement device and method |
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Granted publication date: 20140212 Termination date: 20160918 |