CN203406813U - Switched reluctance motor starting device without position sensor - Google Patents
Switched reluctance motor starting device without position sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN203406813U CN203406813U CN201320276845.4U CN201320276845U CN203406813U CN 203406813 U CN203406813 U CN 203406813U CN 201320276845 U CN201320276845 U CN 201320276845U CN 203406813 U CN203406813 U CN 203406813U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to the technical field of switched reluctance motors, and discloses a switched reluctance motor starting device. The device comprises: a starting pulse generation unit which is used for sending starting pulses to stator coils; a detection unit which is used for detecting the time of follow currents in the stator coils; a switching unit which is used for switching the starting pulses in each stator coil; and a control unit which controls the starting pulse generation unit, carries out comparison processing of the time, detected by the detection unit, of the follow currents in the stator coils, and controls the switching unit according to the comparison results. The control unit is electrically connected with the starting pulse generation unit. The control unit is electrically connected with the detection unit. The control unit is electrically connected with the switching unit. According to the utility model, the starting device provided by the utility model needs no threshold values, is good in adaptability, is convenient to control, cannot cause reversal, can quickly find a starting phase, and can quickly obtain the large-torque starting.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to reluctance motor control technology field, relates in particular to a kind of switched reluctance machines starting drive.
Background technology
Switched reluctance machines is a kind of novel electromechanical integration buncher system, and it is firm in structure durable, and cost of manufacture is low, easy to maintenance, and system control performance is good, and operational efficiency is high.Rotor-position closed-loop control is the essential characteristic of switched Reluctance Motor Control System.Common way is by rotor-position sensor, to be obtained the position signalling of rotor, and controller determines which phase winding of excitation according to receiving rotor-position signal.Rotor-position sensor is placed in non-axle external part conventionally, to controller, provides rotor-position signal.The position transducer of traditional switched reluctance machines mainly contains photoelectric type, Mageneto-sensitive type, electromagnetic type etc.The existence of position transducer has reduced the reliability of switched reluctance machines, at dust, and high temperature, humidity, outstanding aobvious fragile in the environment of vibration and impact, especially heterogeneous switched reluctance machines, position transducer line is many, has further reduced cost and reliability.If come indirect estimated rotor position with conventional state observer, need to set up accurate switched reluctance machines Mathematical Modeling, and amount of calculation be too large, is unfavorable for real-time control.
Patent of invention " a kind of method for controlling position-less sensor of bearing-less switched reluctance motor ", the patent No. is 200910185030.3, discloses a kind of startup control method of utilizing the position-sensor-free of look-up table estimation switch magnetoresistance motor rotor position.The advantage of this method is the relation of rotor position information and inductance value to be solidificated in controller, and in service need of motor calculated rotor-position in real time, as long as table look-up, just can know rotor-position.Can meet the requirement of real-time in this way, shortcoming is to set up accurate switched reluctance machines Mathematical Modeling, and along with motor is different, form is also different, bad adaptability.
Patent of invention " method for starting and controlling switch reluctance motor no-rotor position sensor ", the patent No. is 200510041040.1, a kind of starting method of position-sensor-free of switched reluctance machines is disclosed, specifically first set a current threshold, then when electric motor starting, each is passed to same time mutually, the pulse current of identical voltage, then measure the size of each phase pulse current, once which phase pulse current reaches the current threshold setting, just determined the conducting phase while starting, other two-phases have been determined with that, thereby realized the startup of sensorless switched reluctance machines.The advantage of this method is not need to set up accurate switched reluctance machines Mathematical Modeling, does not need to table look-up, and startability is better.But shortcoming is, for different motors, because phase inductance is different, causes setting different threshold currents, so adopt in this way, controller is very poor to the adaptability of motor.
Patent of invention " switched reluctance machines distribution afterflow method for controlling position-less sensor ", application number is 201210403886.5, setting threshold and the control method that detects afterflow compared with control run switch reluctance motor are disclosed, it easily causes reversion for starting switch reluctance motor, can not find rapidly startup phase, can not obtain rapidly large torque and start.
Utility model content
The technical problems to be solved in the utility model is to provide a kind of switched reluctance machines starting drive of position-sensor-free, be intended to solve bad adaptability of the prior art, control inconvenience, easily cause reversion, can not find rapidly startup phase, can not obtain rapidly the problem that large torque starts.The utility model is achieved in that a kind of switched reluctance machines starting drive of position-sensor-free, comprising:
For send the starting impulse generating unit of starting impulse to stator coil;
Detecting unit for detection of time of afterflow in stator coil;
For switch the switch unit that sends described starting impulse at each stator coil;
Time of afterflow in the described stator coil of controlling described starting impulse generating unit and described detecting unit being detected is controlled the control unit of described switch unit after comparing processing again according to comparative result, described control unit is single-chip microcomputer, CPLD or FPGA;
Described control unit is electrically connected to described starting impulse generating unit; Described control unit is electrically connected to detecting unit; Described control unit is electrically connected to described switch unit.
Further, described starting impulse is the recurrent pulse that duty ratio is less than 50%.
Further, described detecting unit is the detecting unit that carries out stator coil afterflow detection when described starting impulse turn-offs.
Further, to be time of afterflow in described stator coil carry out to control described switch unit the control unit that stator energising is switched from the moment output signal that reduces to become increase to described control unit.
Be compared with the prior art, in the switched reluctance machines starting drive that the utility model provides, due to stator coil is detected to contrast at the time of afterflow of the different cycles of starting impulse, without setting threshold, so it is good to have reached adaptability, it is convenient to control, and can not cause reversion, startup phase can be found rapidly, the technique effect that large torque starts can be obtained rapidly.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the switched reluctance machines starting drive schematic diagram that the utility model embodiment provides;
Fig. 2 is the initial position schematic diagram of the switched reluctance machines starting drive that provides of the utility model embodiment rotor while starting reluctance motor;
Fig. 3 is the motion schematic diagram of the switched reluctance machines starting drive that provides of the utility model embodiment rotor while starting reluctance motor;
Fig. 4 is the stator winding afterflow schematic diagram that the utility model embodiment provides;
Fig. 5 is the stator winding phase inductance schematic diagram that the utility model embodiment provides.
Embodiment
In order to make the purpose of this utility model, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the utility model is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only in order to explain the utility model, and be not used in restriction the utility model.
The utility model provides a kind of switched reluctance machines starting drive of position-sensor-free, comprising: for send the starting impulse generating unit of starting impulse to stator coil; Detecting unit for detection of time of afterflow in stator coil; For switch the switch unit that sends described starting impulse at each stator coil; Time of afterflow in the described stator coil of controlling described starting impulse generating unit and described detecting unit being detected is controlled the control unit of described switch unit after comparing processing again according to comparative result, described control unit is single-chip microcomputer, CPLD or FPGA; Described control unit is electrically connected to described starting impulse generating unit; Described control unit is electrically connected to detecting unit; Described control unit is electrically connected to described switch unit.
Due to stator coil is detected to contrast at the time of afterflow of the different cycles of starting impulse, without setting threshold, so it is good to have reached adaptability, it is convenient to control, and can not cause reversion, can find rapidly startup phase, can obtain rapidly the technique effect that large torque starts.
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, realization of the present utility model is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, the preferred embodiment providing for the utility model.
The switched reluctance machines starting drive of a kind of position-sensor-free that the present embodiment provides, comprising: starting impulse generating unit, for sending starting impulse to stator coil; Detecting unit, for detection of the detecting unit of time of afterflow in stator coil; Switch unit, for switching and send starting impulse at each stator coil; Control unit, control starting impulse generating unit and stator coil that detecting unit is detected in time of afterflow according to comparative result, control switch unit again after comparing processing; Control unit is electrically connected to starting impulse generating unit; Control unit is electrically connected to detecting unit; Control unit is electrically connected to switch unit; Due to stator coil is detected to contrast at the time of afterflow of the different cycles of starting impulse, without setting threshold, so it is good to have reached adaptability, it is convenient to control, and can not cause reversion, can find rapidly startup phase, can obtain rapidly the technique effect that large torque starts.
As shown in Fig. 2～3, further, starting impulse is the recurrent pulse that duty ratio is less than 50%, makes like this turn-off time of starting impulse in one-period be longer than the opening time.
Further, detecting unit is when starting impulse turn-offs, to carry out the detecting unit of stator coil time of afterflow detection, detect like this interference while having avoided starting impulse to open, afterflow having been detected, in practice, the duty ratio of starting impulse is less, just more accurate to the detection time of afterflow; But the duty ratio of starting impulse is too little, also easily cause the problem that driving moment is inadequate; So will debug flexibly best duty ratio according to actual conditions, to meet above-mentioned requirements simultaneously.
Further, to be time of afterflow in stator coil control switch unit from the moment output signal that reduces to become increase to control unit carries out the control unit that stator energising is switched, and the variation of time of afterflow and phase inductance as shown in Figures 4 and 5.
Particularly, control unit is single-chip microcomputer, and flexible in programming, debugging are conveniently like this.
Particularly, control unit is CPLD, and execution speed is fast like this, and control response is sensitive.
Particularly, control unit is FPGA, and system power dissipation is little like this, and control rate is fast.
As shown in Figure 2-5, the switched reluctance machines of 6/4 structure of take is example, and this motor is by stator, rotor and A, and B, C tri-phase windings form.The relation of winding inductance and rotor-position as shown in Figure 4, when rotor with salient pole center and stator salient poles center-aligned, phase inductance is maximum Lmax, when rotor with salient pole center and stator slot center-aligned, phase inductance is minimum value Lmin, and when rotor with salient pole center approaches stator salient poles center, phase inductance rises, rotor with salient pole center is during away from stator salient poles center, and phase inductance declines.
When electric motor starting, rotor in any non-alignment position, as shown in Figure 3.Because the residing position of rotor with salient pole is different, cause the phase inductance of winding different, so along with the difference of rotor-position, the drive current of winding has different rising characteristics, and then has different time of afterflows, as shown in Figure 4.Because motor starts with voltage type and by the recurrent pulse of lower duty ratio, so can utilize pulse OFF(pulse-off) constantly check motor coil afterflow situation; Because motor time of afterflow length is relevant with motor coil inductance, and the coil inductance of motor is relevant to the relative position of motor rotor and stator, so can detect by detecting the afterflow situation of motor coil the relative position of motor rotor and stator.In reality, before motor does not also start, motor is in optional position; By applying the voltage starting pulse excitation of fixed duty cycle to any phase (such as A phase), motor rotor will trend towards aliging with A phase stator, in this alignment procedure, constantly detect A phase starting impulse OFF coil time of afterflow constantly, motor inductance will become large gradually during this time, simultaneously coil time of afterflow also will monotone variation, until motor rotor aligns with A phase stator, as shown in Figure 2.The mass inertia having due to motor rotor, motor rotor will be crossed aligned position and be rotated further, but now the inductance of A phase motor coil will be become gradually and be reduced from the maximum of aligned position, the variation of corresponding inductance, the coil time of afterflow of motor also will occur and the before contrary variation of aliging, once this contrary variation be detected in trace routine, can judge that motor rotor aligns with A phase stator; So far, determined exactly the position of motor rotor, apply same voltage starting pulse excitation can to subsequently corresponding B phase coil, according to same testing process, after treating that B phase rotor aligns with stator, can apply same testing process to C phase coil, so, after the commutation several times by continuous, switched reluctance motor can proceed to normal running status, since then, motor completes start-up course.
The above-mentioned variation based on rotor relative stator position can cause the variation of winding inductance, and then shows in the variation of winding time of afterflow.By giving, apply mutually arbitrarily the voltage starting pulse excitation with radio-frequency component, and detect the variation of winding time of afterflow simultaneously, can determine the alignment relative position of rotor and stator, with the same manner, encourage next phase subsequently, so circulation completes start-up course after reaching desired speed threshold value.
The foregoing is only better embodiment of the present utility model; not in order to limit the utility model; all any modifications of doing within spirit of the present utility model and principle, be equal to and replace and improvement etc., within all should being included in protection range of the present utility model.
Claims (4)
1. a switched reluctance machines starting drive for position-sensor-free, is characterized in that: comprising:
For send the starting impulse generating unit of starting impulse to stator coil;
Detecting unit for detection of time of afterflow in stator coil;
For switch the switch unit that sends described starting impulse at each stator coil;
Time of afterflow in the described stator coil of controlling described starting impulse generating unit and described detecting unit being detected is controlled the control unit of described switch unit after comparing processing again according to comparative result, described control unit is single-chip microcomputer, CPLD or FPGA;
Described control unit is electrically connected to described starting impulse generating unit; Described control unit is electrically connected to detecting unit; Described control unit is electrically connected to described switch unit.
2. switched reluctance machines starting drive as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described starting impulse is the recurrent pulse that duty ratio is less than 50%.
3. switched reluctance machines starting drive as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: described detecting unit is the detecting unit that carries out stator coil afterflow detection when described starting impulse turn-offs.
4. switched reluctance machines starting drive as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that: to be time of afterflow in described stator coil carry out to control described switch unit the control unit that stator energising is switched from the moment output signal that reduces to become increase to described control unit.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201320276845.4U CN203406813U (en) | 2013-05-20 | 2013-05-20 | Switched reluctance motor starting device without position sensor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201320276845.4U CN203406813U (en) | 2013-05-20 | 2013-05-20 | Switched reluctance motor starting device without position sensor |
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| CN203406813U true CN203406813U (en) | 2014-01-22 |
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| CN201320276845.4U Expired - Lifetime CN203406813U (en) | 2013-05-20 | 2013-05-20 | Switched reluctance motor starting device without position sensor |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104167962A (en) * | 2013-05-20 | 2014-11-26 | 捷和电机制品(深圳)有限公司 | Device and method for stating switched reluctance motor without position sensor |
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2013
- 2013-05-20 CN CN201320276845.4U patent/CN203406813U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104167962A (en) * | 2013-05-20 | 2014-11-26 | 捷和电机制品(深圳)有限公司 | Device and method for stating switched reluctance motor without position sensor |
| CN104167962B (en) * | 2013-05-20 | 2016-09-21 | 捷和电机制品(深圳)有限公司 | The switched reluctance machines starter of position-sensor-free and startup method |
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Granted publication date: 20140122 |
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| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |