CN203379869U - Slurry bed reactor - Google Patents
Slurry bed reactor Download PDFInfo
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- CN203379869U CN203379869U CN201320440504.6U CN201320440504U CN203379869U CN 203379869 U CN203379869 U CN 203379869U CN 201320440504 U CN201320440504 U CN 201320440504U CN 203379869 U CN203379869 U CN 203379869U
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- bed reactor
- state bed
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a slurry bed reactor for solving the problems of a conventional slurry bed reactor adopting a bubble cap type gas distributor in the prior art that rotational flow and backflow are large and a bed layer is instable. The slurry bed reactor provided by the utility model comprises a reactor shell, wherein a baffle is arranged at the upper part in the reactor shell, and a distribution plate is arranged at the lower part of the reactor shell; a plurality of bubble cap distributors are uniformly arranged on the distribution plate; a uniform distribution and flow stabilization plate is arranged at a position 300-800mm above the distribution plate; a plurality of gas-liquid cyclone separators and a circulating cup with expansion openings in the upper part and the lower part are arranged below the baffle along the axial direction of the reactor shell; a liquid-solid separator is arranged between the circulating cup and the reactor shell; a gas feeding pipe is arranged on an end closure at the bottom of the reactor shell; and a gas outlet pipe is arranged on an end closure at the top of the reactor shell.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to the chemical industry equipment field, relates to a kind of paste state bed reactor of the gas-liquid-solid three-phase for fischer-tropsch synthesis process.
Background technology
Paste state bed reactor is the key equipment in current fischer-tropsch synthesis process, and wherein liquid is that continuous phase, gas and solid are decentralized photo.The power source that paste state bed reactor utilizes synthesis gas to mix as reaction, be suspended in catalyst in liquid phase and reacted; Owing to there is no mechanical agitation, thereby can be under high pressure without leaking operation.Again because paste state bed reactor has high liquid storage amount, the very large reaction engineering for reaction heat, can effectively remove heat of reaction, realization response device isothermal operation, avoid occurring life-span of bed focus, extending catalyst, thereby guarantee the normal operation of paste state bed reactor.
Existing Fischer-Tropsch synthetic pulp state bed reactor separates liquid artificial oil, gas-liquid separation as the emphasis of research with liquid-solid, basic not research on gas distributor counterflow-preventing characteristic, and part solves distributor adverse current blockage problem by setting up auxiliary desilting system.
The patent of relevant paste state bed reactor is more, and characteristics are respectively arranged.Chinese patent CN201020133230.2 discloses a kind of paste state bed reactor synthetic for Fischer-Tropsch, is provided with reactor shell; Reactor shell top is provided with dividing plate, and bottom is provided with distribution grid, and the top of distribution grid is provided with heat exchanger tube.The circulation cup that is axially arranged with gas-liquid cyclone separator and top band extension mouth along reactor shell.Each gas-liquid cyclone separator and a coaxial corresponding layout of circulation cup, the dipleg of gas-liquid cyclone separator bottom stretches in the extension mouth at corresponding circulation cup top.The escape pipe of gas-liquid cyclone separator is through dividing plate, and the escape pipe top exit is positioned at the top of dividing plate.The outlet at bottom of circulation cup is positioned at the top of distribution grid; Be provided with equably the bubble cap distributor on distribution grid, the below of distribution grid is gas-phase space.The bottom bulkhead of reactor shell is provided with air inlet pipe, and the top end socket of reactor shell is provided with gas outlet tube.In operating process, synthesis gas enters the gas-phase space of distribution grid below through air inlet pipe, and the form with bubble after the bubble cap distributor distributes enters in slurry state bed.The problem existed is, because synthesis gas only once distributes through the bubble cap distributor, easily to cause its skewness, bubble cap formula distributor with non-return element easily causes bed eddy flow and backflow simultaneously, though can improve the reactor gas holdup, but disturbance is excessive, bed is unstable.Slurries disturbance in certain limit is conducive to conduct heat, but disturbance is excessive, follow up device in technological process is caused to adverse effect, also is unfavorable for the liquid-solid separation in reactor top.Along with the continuous expansion of paste state bed reactor industrially scalable, its diameter increases rapidly, has reached at present 5～10m.Therefore guarantee that uniformity that synthesis gas distributes in bed and the stability of bed are very important.
The utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of paste state bed reactor, so that the paste state bed reactor that solves available technology adopting bubble-cap type gas distributor is existing, easily causes eddy flow and refluxes large, the unsettled problem of bed.
The utility model provides a kind of paste state bed reactor, comprise reactor shell, it is characterized in that: in the reactor shell of paste state bed reactor, its top is provided with dividing plate, bottom is provided with distribution grid, evenly be provided with a plurality of bubble cap distributors on distribution grid, the 300-800 millimeter position of distribution grid top is provided with uniform stabilier, dividing plate below along a plurality of gas-liquid cyclone separators of being axially arranged with of reactor shell and one up and down with the circulation cup of extension mouth, be provided with liquid-solid separator between circulation cup and reactor shell, the bottom bulkhead of reactor shell is provided with air inlet pipe, the top end socket of reactor shell is provided with gas outlet tube.
The further technical characterictic of the utility model is: between described uniform stabilier and circulation cup, be provided with heat exchanger tube.
The further technical characterictic of the utility model is: described each gas-liquid cyclone separator and the coaxial corresponding layout of paste state bed reactor, it is inner that the dipleg of gas-liquid cyclone separator bottom stretches into the circulation cup.
The further technical characterictic of the utility model is: described air inlet pipe exit arranges pre-distributor.
The further technical characterictic of the utility model is: the direct tube section sectional area of described circulation cup accounts for the long-pending 60%-80% of reactor cross section, cone section maximum gauge place sectional area accounts for the long-pending 70%-90% of reactor cross section, and the angle of flare α that the angle of flare β that upper cone section forms and lower cone section form is the 100-150 degree.
The further technical characterictic of the utility model is: described pre-distributor is comprised of top board and sidewall, and top board is for evenly having the plectane of II vertical bar seam, and sidewall is for evenly having the pipe of I vertical bar seam.
The further technical characterictic of the utility model is: the length of described I vertical bar seam 21 is 1/2nd to 2/3rds of air inlet pipe diameter, and width is the 3-5 millimeter, and quantity is 10-30.
The further technical characterictic of the utility model is: 1/3rd to 2/5ths of the diameter that the length of described II vertical bar seam is air inlet pipe, and width is the 3-5 millimeter, and quantity is 10-30, and II vertical bar seam distributes radially.
The further technical characterictic of the utility model is: described uniform stabilier is a kind of porous uniform board, and thickness is the 5-15 millimeter, and the above has the current stabilization hole equably.
The further technical characterictic of the utility model is: be equilateral triangle between described current stabilization hole and arrange, the diameter d in current stabilization hole is the 10-30 millimeter, and the 2-2.5 that space D is current stabilization bore dia d doubly.
The utility model compared with prior art has following beneficial effect: in operating process, synthesis gas enters pre-distributor through air inlet pipe, perforate on pre-distributor flows into the space between distribution grid-pre-distributor-reactor shell bottom bulkhead, has carried out once distributing in advance.The uniformity that synthesis gas after pre-the distribution distributes is improved, and has avoided the air inlet bias current problem caused because of 90 ° of elbows of air inlet pipe, can enter each bubble cap distributor with basically identical pressure and flow and distribute, thereby can distribute more evenly.Air-flow goes out after distributor form with bubble and enters the slurries bed and upwards flow, and and then passes through the uniform stabilier of the even perforate of one deck, and bubble distribution can be more even, and bed also can be more stable.In bed, after reaction, remaining air-flow arrives reactor head, and top design is up and down with the circulation cup of enlarging, on the one hand can the solid separation of speed up gas and liquid, can guarantee that on the other hand there is not air pocket in a circulation cup outside separated space.Annular space between the circulation cup outside and reactor wall is liquid-solid separated space, and the baffling due to the circulation cup, do not exist air pocket, liquid-solid Uniform Flow, good separating effect substantially in separated space.
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the utility model is described in further detail.The drawings and specific embodiments do not limit the claimed scope of the utility model.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of paste state bed reactor of the utility model.
Fig. 2 is the enlarged drawing of a kind of pre-distributor of the utility model shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is pre-distributor B-B sectional view in Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is uniform stabilier structural representation in Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is the profile of circulation cup in Fig. 1.
In Fig. 1 to Fig. 5, same reference numerals means identical technical characterictic.
Reference numeral shown in figure is:
The 1-reactor shell, 2-pre-distributor, 4-liquid-solid separator, the 5-heat exchanger tube, the uniform stabilier of 6-, 7-gas-liquid cyclone separator, the 8-dividing plate, 9-circulate the cup, the 10-air inlet pipe, the 11-gas outlet tube, 12-slurries material level, 21-I vertical bar seam, 22-II vertical bar seam, 31-bubble cap distributor, 32-distribution grid, 61-current stabilization hole.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of paste state bed reactor of the utility model, comprise reactor shell 1, top in reactor shell 1 is provided with dividing plate 8, bottom is provided with distribution grid 32, evenly be provided with a plurality of bubble cap distributors 31 on distribution grid 32, quantity is relevant with the reactor diameter size, the 300-800 millimeter position, top of distribution grid 32 is provided with uniform stabilier 6, dividing plate 8 belows along a plurality of gas-liquid cyclone separators 7 of being axially arranged with of reactor shell 1 and one up and down with the circulation cup 9 of extension mouth, the quantity of gas-liquid cyclone separator 7 is relevant with the reactor diameter size, be provided with liquid-solid separator 4 between circulation cup 9 and reactor shell 1.Be provided with heat exchanger tube 5 between uniform stabilier 6 and circulation cup 9, each gas-liquid cyclone separator 7 and the coaxial corresponding layout of paste state bed reactor, the dipleg of gas-liquid cyclone separator 7 bottoms stretches into circulation cup 9 inside, the bottom bulkhead of reactor shell 1 is provided with air inlet pipe 10, and the top end socket of reactor shell 1 is provided with gas outlet tube 11.Heat exchanger tube 5 can use winding type multipass heat exchanger tube or coil heat exchanger tube (as described in CN1233451C), and one section or two sections are set.
Described air inlet pipe 10 exits arrange pre-distributor 2.
The direct tube section sectional area of described circulation cup 9 accounts for the long-pending 60%-80% of reactor cross section, and cone section maximum gauge place sectional area accounts for the long-pending 70%-90% of reactor cross section, and the angle of flare α that the angle of flare β that upper cone section forms and lower cone section form generally is the 100-150 degree.
The liquid-solid separator 4 that paste state bed reactor of the present utility model is provided with is generally metal filtration pipe or ceramic filter tube, preferably can carry out the metal filtration pipe of blowback cleaning.The utility model can be used the described liquid-solid separation device of CN1233451C, CN101396647B.The installation site of liquid-solid separator 4 must be between circulation cup 9 outsides and reactor shell 1, to guarantee that the screen pipe External airflow field is not subject to the impact of bed internal gas on the one hand, prevent that gas from entering screen pipe and affecting filter effect, cause the screen pipe local sintering, the baffling effect of circulation cup on the other hand, around can guaranteeing screen pipe, flow field is stable, flows downward equably.
When heat exchanger tube 5 arranges one deck, liquid-solid separator 4 is located at the top (as shown in Figure 1) of this section heat exchanger tube 5.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, pre-distributor 2 is comprised of top board and sidewall, top board is for evenly having the plectane of II vertical bar seam 22, sidewall is for evenly having the pipe of I vertical bar seam 21, the length of I vertical bar seam 21 be generally air inlet pipe 10 diameter 1/2nd to 2/3rds, width is the 3-5 millimeter, and quantity is generally 10-30; The length of II vertical bar seam 22 be generally air inlet pipe 10 diameter 1/3rd to 2/5ths, width is the 3-5 millimeter, quantity is generally 10-30, II vertical bar seam 22 distributes radially.
Aciculiform finned tube in heat exchanger tube 5 recommend adoption patents (CN201220042196.7).
As shown in Figure 4, uniform stabilier 6 is a kind of porous uniform board, and thickness is generally the 5-15 millimeter, the above has current stabilization hole 61 equably, be equilateral triangle between current stabilization hole 61 and arrange, current stabilization hole 61 diameter d are generally the 10-30 millimeter, and space D is generally 2-2.5 times of current stabilization hole 61 diameter d.
As shown in Figure 5, circulation cup 9 is combined with reactor shell 1 for the cylindrical shape of two ends band cone section, circulation cup 9, thereby has formed the annular release space.When the gas-liquid-solid three-phase logistics flows from bottom to top, polymerization through circulation cup 9 lower cone sections, by circulation cup 9 is inner, upwards flow, after arriving top, due to the density contrast between gas-liquid-solid, gas continues upwards to flow, and liquid-solid two-phase is folded to reactor wall by top cone section, thereby walks uniformly and stably the annular release space downwards along wall.Therefore substantially there is no air pocket in separated space, adopt the gas holdup in this structure separated space to be generally less than 10%, after can avoiding gas to enter screen pipe, main occurs or affect the phenomenon such as filter effect.
The utility model can be used existing gas-liquid cyclone separator, and side-feeding type is arranged, and has axle to advance formula, but preferably uses disclosed gas-liquid cyclone separator in Chinese patent CN201220042196.7.
Operating process of the present utility model is as follows: synthesis gas (main component is carbon monoxide and hydrogen) enters pre-distributor 2 through air inlet pipe 10, perforate on pre-distributor 2 flows in the space of distribution grid 32, pre-distributor 2 and reactor shell bottom bulkhead composition, has carried out once distributing in advance.Synthesis gas after pre-the distribution enters each bubble cap distributor 31 and distributes, enters afterwards in slurry state bed, and gas exists with bubble form in bed subsequently, and gas-liquid-solid is after uniform stabilier 6, and stable and uniform moves upward more.
Synthesis gas effect at solid catalyst in slurry state bed issues the reaction of intercrescence one-tenth, generates the organic matters such as hydro carbons (comprising wax and oil), and emits a large amount of reaction heat (reaction heat is discharged by heat exchanger tube 5).The synthetic wax that reaction generates outlet from liquid-solid separator 4 after liquid-solid separator 4 filters out solid catalyst particle is extracted out, and extracted amount is controlled to maintain normal slurry state bed controlling level.
Reacted synthesis tail gas (gas that after reaction, remaining synthesis gas and a small amount of reaction generate) carries a small amount of artificial oil liquid (containing solid catalyst particle), upwards flows out slurry state bed.These synthesis tail gas carry out gas-liquid separation through gas-liquid cyclone separator 7, and isolated liquid is got back in bed through dipleg; Isolated Purge gas enters the space between dividing plate 8 and reactor shell 1 top end socket through escape pipe, finally by gas outlet tube 11, flows out paste state bed reactor.
In operating process, circulation cup 9 immerses in the slurries of slurry state bed fully, and Reference numeral 12 means the slurries material level.The slurries gas content of circulation cup 9 inside is higher, density is lower, upwards flows.Gas content is lower, density is larger for the slurries (being mainly liquid and solid catalyst particle) of circulation cup 9 outsides, outside circulation cup 9, flows downward, and finally from the circulation cup 9 lower cone section outsides, flows back to the bed of bottom.
Claims (10)
1. a paste state bed reactor, comprise reactor shell, it is characterized in that: in the reactor shell of paste state bed reactor, its top is provided with dividing plate, bottom is provided with distribution grid, evenly be provided with a plurality of bubble cap distributors on distribution grid, the 300-800 millimeter position of distribution grid top is provided with uniform stabilier, dividing plate below along a plurality of gas-liquid cyclone separators of being axially arranged with of reactor shell and one up and down with the circulation cup of extension mouth, be provided with liquid-solid separator between circulation cup and reactor shell, the bottom bulkhead of reactor shell is provided with air inlet pipe, the top end socket of reactor shell is provided with gas outlet tube.
2. paste state bed reactor according to claim 1, is characterized in that: between described uniform stabilier and circulation cup, be provided with heat exchanger tube.
3. paste state bed reactor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described each gas-liquid cyclone separator and the coaxial corresponding layout of paste state bed reactor, it is inner that the dipleg of gas-liquid cyclone separator bottom stretches into the circulation cup.
4. paste state bed reactor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described air inlet pipe exit arranges pre-distributor.
5. paste state bed reactor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the direct tube section sectional area of described circulation cup accounts for the long-pending 60%-80% of reactor cross section, cone section maximum gauge place sectional area accounts for the long-pending 70%-90% of reactor cross section, and the angle of flare α that the angle of flare β that upper cone section forms and lower cone section form is the 100-150 degree.
6. paste state bed reactor according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described pre-distributor is comprised of top board and sidewall, and top board is for evenly having the plectane of II vertical bar seam, and sidewall is for evenly having the pipe of I vertical bar seam.
7. paste state bed reactor according to claim 6 is characterized in that: the length of described I vertical bar seam 21 is 1/2nd to 2/3rds of air inlet pipe diameter, and width is the 3-5 millimeter, and quantity is 10-30.
8. paste state bed reactor according to claim 6 is characterized in that: 1/3rd to 2/5ths of the diameter that the length of described II vertical bar seam is air inlet pipe, and width is the 3-5 millimeter, and quantity is 10-30, and II vertical bar seam distributes radially.
9. paste state bed reactor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described uniform stabilier is a kind of porous uniform board, and thickness is the 5-15 millimeter, and the above has the current stabilization hole equably.
10. paste state bed reactor according to claim 9 is characterized in that: be equilateral triangle between described current stabilization hole and arrange, the diameter d in current stabilization hole is the 10-30 millimeter, and the 2-2.5 that space D is current stabilization bore dia d doubly.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201320440504.6U CN203379869U (en) | 2013-07-16 | 2013-07-16 | Slurry bed reactor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201320440504.6U CN203379869U (en) | 2013-07-16 | 2013-07-16 | Slurry bed reactor |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN203379869U true CN203379869U (en) | 2014-01-08 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201320440504.6U Expired - Fee Related CN203379869U (en) | 2013-07-16 | 2013-07-16 | Slurry bed reactor |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN203379869U (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104907011A (en) * | 2015-05-05 | 2015-09-16 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Gas regulation and control internal circulation slurry bed circulation reactor |
| CN113663635A (en) * | 2021-09-10 | 2021-11-19 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Gas-liquid mass transfer equipment for enhancing mass transfer rate of carbonization reaction |
| EP4090646A4 (en) * | 2020-01-13 | 2024-02-28 | Kellogg Brown & Root LLC | Slurry phase reactor with internal cyclones |
-
2013
- 2013-07-16 CN CN201320440504.6U patent/CN203379869U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104907011A (en) * | 2015-05-05 | 2015-09-16 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Gas regulation and control internal circulation slurry bed circulation reactor |
| EP4090646A4 (en) * | 2020-01-13 | 2024-02-28 | Kellogg Brown & Root LLC | Slurry phase reactor with internal cyclones |
| CN113663635A (en) * | 2021-09-10 | 2021-11-19 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Gas-liquid mass transfer equipment for enhancing mass transfer rate of carbonization reaction |
| CN113663635B (en) * | 2021-09-10 | 2022-09-09 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Gas-liquid mass transfer equipment for enhancing mass transfer rate of carbonization reaction |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20140108 |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |