CN203377194U - Cathode-control multi-cathode distributed X ray apparatus and CT equipment having the apparatus - Google Patents
Cathode-control multi-cathode distributed X ray apparatus and CT equipment having the apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN203377194U CN203377194U CN201220744702.7U CN201220744702U CN203377194U CN 203377194 U CN203377194 U CN 203377194U CN 201220744702 U CN201220744702 U CN 201220744702U CN 203377194 U CN203377194 U CN 203377194U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a cathode-control multi-cathode distributed X ray apparatus. The apparatus comprises a vacuum box having a sealed periphery and a high-vacuum inner side; a plurality of cathodes independent of each other and arranged on one end inside the vacuum box; a plurality of focusing current-limiting devices corresponding to the cathodes in a one-to-one way, arranged inside the vacuum box adjacent to the cathodes and mutually connected; an anode made of metal and arranged on the other end inside the vacuum box, parallel to the focusing current-limiting devices along the length direction and forming a predetermined included angle with each focusing current-limiting device along the width direction; a power supply and control system having a plurality of cathode power supplies, a focusing current-limiting device power supply connected with the focusing current-limiting devices, an anode high-voltage power supply and a control device; a pluggable high-voltage connecting device used for making the anode connected with the cable of the anode high-voltage power supply and arranged on the vacuum box side surface adjacent to one end of the anode; and a plurality of pluggable cathode power supply connecting devices connecting the cathodes and the cathode power supplies and arranged on the vacuum box side surface adjacent to one end of each cathode.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of device that produces distributed X ray, particularly in an X ray light source by arranging a plurality of independent hot cathode and being controlled to produce the CT equipment of controlling the distributed X-ray apparatus of many negative electrodes and thering is this X-ray apparatus according to the moon of the X ray of predefined procedure shift the focus position by target.
Background technology
The X ray light source refers to the equipment that produces X ray, usually servicing units such as X-ray tube, power supply and control system, cooling and shielding etc., consists of, and its core is X-ray tube.X-ray tube consists of negative electrode, anode, glass or ceramic package usually.Negative electrode is the directly-heated type helical tungsten filament, when work, by electric current, is heated to the working temperature that is about 2000K, produces the electronic beam current of heat emission, and negative electrode is surrounded by the metal cap of a front end fluting, and metal cap makes electron focusing.The tungsten target of anode for inlaying at the copper billet end face when work, is applied with hundreds thousand of volt high pressure between anode and negative electrode, and anode is flown in electronics accelerated motion under electric field action that negative electrode produces, and clashes into target surface, thereby produces X ray.
X ray has a wide range of applications in fields such as industrial nondestructive testing, safety inspection, medical diagnosis and treatments.Particularly, utilize the radioscopy imaging device that the high-penetration ability of X ray is made to play an important role in the every aspect of people's daily life.What this kind equipment was early stage is the plane perspective imaging device of film type, current advanced technology is the stereoscopic imaging apparatus of digitlization, various visual angles and high resolution, CT(computed tomography for example), can obtain three-dimensional graph or the sectioning image of high definition, be advanced high-end applications.
In CT equipment (comprising industrial flaw detection CT, luggage and articles safety check CT, medical diagnosis CT etc.), normally x-ray source is placed on to a side of detected object, opposite side at detected object is placed the detector that receives ray, when X ray passes the examined object product, its intensity can change with information such as the thickness of examined object product, density, the structural information of the view directions that the power of the X ray that detector receives has comprised the examined object product.If again by x-ray source and detector around the dislocation of examined object product, just can obtain the structural information of different visual angles direction.Utilize department of computer science's software algorithm of unifying to carry out structural remodeling to these information, just can obtain the stereo-picture of detected object.Current CT equipment is that x-ray source and detector are fixed on the circular slip ring of detected object, every motion one is enclosed at work, just obtain the image of a thickness tangent plane of detected object, be referred to as section, detected object through-thickness motion again, obtain a series of sections, these sections are exactly the three-dimensional Fine stereo structure of detected object altogether.Therefore, in existing CT equipment, in order to obtain different visual angle image informations, will convert the position of x-ray source, therefore, x-ray source and detector need to move on slip ring, in order to improve inspection speed, the movement velocity of x-ray source and detector is very high usually.The high-speed motion on slip ring due to x-ray source and detector, cause the reliability and stability of Whole Equipment to reduce, and in addition, is subject to the restriction of movement velocity, and the inspection speed of CT also is restricted.Although the CT of latest generation adopts the detector of circumferential arrangement in recent years, thereby can make detector not take exercises, but x-ray source still need to move on slip ring, in addition, can increase multi-detector, x-ray source is moved one week, obtain a plurality of sectioning images, thereby improve CT examination speed, still, this does not fundamentally solve the problem that motion brings on slip ring.Therefore, in CT equipment, need a kind of not shift position just can produce the x-ray source at a plurality of visual angles.
In addition, in order to improve inspection speed, the electron beam large power long Time Continuous bombardment anode tungsten target that the negative electrode of x-ray source produces usually, still, because the target spot area is very little, so the heat radiation of target spot also becomes very large problem.
In order to solve reliability, stability problem and inspection speed issue and the heat-resisting problem of anode target spot that in existing CT equipment, slip ring brings, in existing patent documentation, provide certain methods.For example the rotary target x-ray source, can solve the overheated problem of plate target to a certain extent, and still, the target spot of its complex structure and generation X ray remains a definite target position with respect to x-ray source integral body.For example, some technology a plurality of independently traditional X-ray of close-packed arrays radiographic source for a plurality of visual angles of realizing maintaining static x-ray source and on a circumference replaces the motion of x-ray source, also can realize although it is so various visual angles, but cost is high, and, the target spot spacing of different visual angles is large, and image quality (three-dimensional resolution) is very poor.In addition, at patent documentation 1(US4926452) in a kind of light source and method that produces distributed X ray proposed, plate target has very large area, has alleviated the overheated problem of target, and target position, along circumferential variation, can produce a plurality of visual angles.Although patent documentation 1 is to carry out scan deflection to obtaining the high energy electron beam of accelerating, existence control difficulty is large, target position is not discrete and the problem of poor repeatability, but still is a kind of effective ways that can produce distributed light source.In addition, for example, at patent documentation 2(US20110075802) with patent documentation 3(WO2011/119629) in a kind of light source and method that produces distributed X ray proposed, plate target has very large area, alleviated the overheated problem of target, and, target position disperses fixing and array arrangement, can produce a plurality of visual angles.In addition, adopt carbon nano-tube as cold cathode, and cold cathode is carried out to array arrangement, utilize the voltage control field emission of cathode grid interpolar, thereby control each negative electrode electron emission in order, on anode, by respective sequence position bombardment target spot, become distributed x-ray source.But, have not high weak point of the emissivities of complex manufacturing, carbon nano-tube and life-span.
The utility model content
The utility model proposes in order to solve above-mentioned problem, and its purpose is to provide a kind of the moon that without mobile light source, just can produce a plurality of visual angles and be conducive to simplified structure, the raising stability of a system, reliability, raising checking efficiency to control the distributed X-ray apparatus of many negative electrodes.
The utility model provides the many negative electrodes of a kind of cloudy control distributed X-ray apparatus, it is characterized in that possessing: vacuum box, and surrounding sealing and inside are high vacuum; A plurality of negative electrodes, the mutual independence of each negative electrode and line up the end that linear array is arranged on described vacuum box inside, and each negative electrode has cathode filament, the cathode surface be connected with described cathode filament and from the double-end heater lead of described cathode filament; A plurality of focusing current-limiting apparatus, be arranged in correspondingly with described negative electrode the position that linear array is arranged on the close described negative electrode in middle part in described vacuum box, and each focuses on current-limiting apparatus and interconnects; Anode, consist of metal, is arranged on the other end of described vacuum box inside, and parallel with described focusing current-limiting apparatus in the longitudinal direction and Width and described focusing current-limiting apparatus form the angle of predetermined angular; Power supply and control system, have cathode power, the focusing current-limiting apparatus power supply be connected with interconnective focusing current-limiting apparatus, anode high voltage power supply, for each power supply being carried out to the control device of integrated logic control; The plug type high-voltage connection device, for described anode is connected with described anode high voltage power supply, be arranged on the side of close described anode one end of described vacuum box; A plurality of plug type cathode power jockeys, for connecting described negative electrode and described cathode power, be arranged on the side of close described negative electrode one end of described vacuum box.
The moon provided at the utility model is controlled in the distributed X-ray apparatus of many negative electrodes, described negative electrode also has: cathode shell, surround described cathode filament and described cathode surface, and, at the center with described cathode surface, corresponding position is provided with the line perforate, outer in the line perforate is provided with planar structure, in the outer of this planar structure, is provided with inclined-plane; Cathode screen, the outside at described cathode shell, surround other the face except the face that is provided with the line perforate of described cathode shell, described heater lead is drawn out to described plug type cathode power jockey through described cathode shell and described cathode screen.
The moon provided at the utility model is controlled in the distributed X-ray apparatus of many negative electrodes, and described cathode shell and described cathode screen are rectangular shape, and described cathode surface and the described line perforate corresponding with the center of described cathode surface are rectangle.
The moon provided at the utility model is controlled in the distributed X-ray apparatus of many negative electrodes, and described cathode shell and described cathode screen are rectangular shape, and described cathode surface and the described line perforate corresponding with the center of described cathode surface are circular.
The moon provided at the utility model is controlled in the distributed X-ray apparatus of many negative electrodes, and described cathode shell and described cathode screen are rectangular shape, and described cathode surface is spherical arc shape, and described line perforate corresponding to the center of described cathode surface is circular.
The moon provided at the utility model is controlled in the distributed X-ray apparatus of many negative electrodes, and described vacuum box is made by glass or pottery.
The moon provided at the utility model is controlled in the distributed X-ray apparatus of many negative electrodes, and described vacuum box is made of metal, and vacuum box inwall and described a plurality of negative electrode, described focusing current-limiting apparatus, described anode keep enough insulation distances.
The moon provided at the utility model is controlled in the distributed X-ray apparatus of many negative electrodes, and described plug type high-voltage connection device is inner to be connected with described anode, and described vacuum box is stretched out in outside, with described vacuum box wall, closely is connected, and forms together vacuum seal structure.
The moon provided at the utility model is controlled in the distributed X-ray apparatus of many negative electrodes, each described plug type cathode power jockey is connected with the described heater lead of described negative electrode in described vacuum box inside, described vacuum box is stretched out in outside, closely be connected with described vacuum box wall, form together vacuum seal structure.
The moon provided at the utility model is controlled in the distributed X-ray apparatus of many negative electrodes, also has: vacuum power is included in described power supply and control system; Vacuum plant, be arranged on the sidewall of described vacuum box, utilizes described vacuum power to carry out work, maintains the high vacuum in described vacuum box.
The moon provided at the utility model is controlled in the distributed X-ray apparatus of many negative electrodes, also has: shield and collimator apparatus, be arranged on the outside of described vacuum box, have the strip opening corresponding with described anode in available X ray exit position.
The moon provided at the utility model is controlled in the distributed X-ray apparatus of many negative electrodes, and described shielding and collimator apparatus are used lead material.
The moon provided at the utility model is controlled in the distributed X-ray apparatus of many negative electrodes, and described focusing current-limiting apparatus comprises: the electric field isostatic surface is made of metal and has in the central a metering hole; Focusing electrode, be made of metal and for tubular, its tip is over against the line perforate of described negative electrode, and the size of described metering hole is less than or equal to the centre bore of described focusing electrode.
The moon provided at the utility model is controlled in the distributed X-ray apparatus of many negative electrodes, described a plurality of cathode arrangement type that is in line, and, described a plurality of focusing current-limiting apparatus type that also is arranged in a straight line.
The moon provided at the utility model is controlled in the distributed X-ray apparatus of many negative electrodes, described a plurality of cathode arrangement becomes circular arc type, and, described a plurality of focusing current-limiting apparatus also is arranged in circular arc type accordingly with described a plurality of negative electrodes, described anode is conical surface arc, and, according to described negative electrode, described focusing current-limiting apparatus, the corresponding layout of the order of described anode, and the plane at the camber line place, outer of described anode is and first plane at described a plurality of negative electrodes place and second parallel plane the 3rd plane at described a plurality of focusing current-limiting apparatus place, the distance of the interior edge of described anode and described focusing current-limiting apparatus is than the distance of the outer of described anode and described focusing current-limiting apparatus.
The utility model provides a kind of CT equipment, wherein, possesses the distributed X-ray apparatus of the many negative electrodes of cloudy control as above.
The distributed X-ray apparatus of the many negative electrodes of cloudy control of the present utility model has a plurality of independent negative electrodes, a plurality of focusing current-limiting apparatus, anode, vacuum box, plug type high-voltage connection device, a plurality of plug type cathode power jockey, power supply and control system.Wherein, negative electrode, focusing current-limiting apparatus, anode are arranged in vacuum box, and high-voltage connection device, cathode power jockey are arranged on the vacuum box wall, form integral seal structure together with vacuum box.Negative electrode produces electronics under the heat effect of cathode filament, usually, focuses on current-limiting apparatus and has the negative voltage of hectovolt level with respect to negative electrode, and electronics is limited in negative electrode.Control system is according to setting control logic, make each cathode power give successively the negative high voltage pulse of a KV level of each negative electrode, internal electron at the negative electrode that receives the negative high voltage pulse flies to the focusing current-limiting apparatus fast, be focused into the fleck line, and, by metering hole, enter into the high pressure accelerating field district focused between current-limiting apparatus and anode, be subject to the electric field acceleration of tens to up to a hundred kilovolts, obtain energy, finally bombard anode, produce X ray.Owing to there being a plurality of independent cathode arrays to arrange, so the X ray that the generation position of electronic beam current and bombardment anode produce is also that respective array is arranged.
In the distributed X-ray apparatus of the many negative electrodes of cloudy control of the present utility model, produce the X ray by certain sequence period shift the focus position in a light source.The utility model adopts the hot cathode source, with respect to other design, has advantages of that emission current is large, the life-span is long; A plurality of independent negative electrodes are lined up a linear array, and each negative electrode is independent and adopt independently cathode power to be controlled, convenient, flexible; The focusing current-limiting apparatus corresponding with each negative electrode is arranged in a straight line and is connected to each other, and in stable little negative voltage potential, is easy to control; Between negative electrode and focusing current-limiting apparatus, certain distance is arranged, be easy to processing; Adopt the design of the large anode of long strip type, effectively alleviated the overheated problem of anode, be conducive to improve the power of light source; Negative electrode can linear array, and integral body becomes the distributed X-ray apparatus of linear pattern, and negative electrode also can be arranged by camber, and integral body becomes the distributed X-ray apparatus of camber, applying flexible.Relative other distributed X ray light source, the utility model electric current is large, target spot is little, target position is evenly distributed and reproducible, and power output is high, simple in structure, and it is convenient to control.
Distributed X ray light source applications of the present utility model, in CT equipment, just can be produced to a plurality of visual angles without mobile light source, therefore can omit the slip ring motion, be conducive to simplified structure, improve the stability of a system, reliability, improve checking efficiency.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the distributed X-ray apparatus of the many negative electrodes of cloudy control of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the structure of a kind of independent negative electrode in the utility model.
Fig. 3 is a kind of schematic diagram that focuses on the structure of current-limiting apparatus in the utility model.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the structure of a kind of rectangular cathode in the utility model, is (A) side view, is (B) vertical view.
The schematic diagram of the structure of the part side of the distributed X-ray apparatus of Fig. 5 is employing in the utility model rectangular cathode.
Fig. 6 is the generalized schematic of the relative position relation of negative electrode, focusing current-limiting apparatus and anode in the utility model execution mode.
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram that the structure of the distributed X-ray apparatus that circular arc type arranges is shown.
Description of reference numerals:
1,11,12,13,14,15 negative electrodes
2,21,22,23,24,25 focus on current-limiting apparatus
3 anodes
4 vacuum boxs
5 plug type high-voltage connection devices
6,61,62,63,64,65 plug type cathode power jockeys
7 power supplys and control system
8 vacuum plants
9 shielding and collimator apparatuses
The E electronic beam current
The X X ray
C anode and focusing current-limiting apparatus angle.
Embodiment
Below, with reference to accompanying drawing, the utility model is described.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the distributed X-ray apparatus of the many negative electrodes of cloudy control of the present utility model.As shown in Figure 1, the distributed X-ray apparatus of the many negative electrodes of cloudy control of the present utility model has at least two of a plurality of negative electrode 1(, also be called particularly later negative electrode 11,12,13,14,15 ...), a plurality of focusing current-limiting apparatus 2(s corresponding with a plurality of negative electrodes 1 also be called particularly later focus on current-limiting apparatus 21,22,23,24,25 ...), anode 3, vacuum box 4, plug type high-voltage connection device 5, a plurality of plug type cathode power jockey 6 and power supply and control system 7.
A plurality of negative electrodes 1, a plurality of focusing current-limiting apparatus 2, anode 3 are arranged on the inside of vacuum box 4, a plurality of negative electrodes 1 are arranged point-blank, each of a plurality of focusing current-limiting apparatus 2 is corresponding with each negative electrode 1 respectively, also be arranged in straight line, these two straight lines are parallel to each other and all be parallel to the surface of anode 3, plug type high-voltage connection device 5 and plug type cathode power jockey 6 are arranged on the box wall of vacuum box 4, with vacuum box 4, form integral seal structure.
In addition, negative electrode 1, for generation of electronics, is arranged on an end (being defined as herein lower end, referring to Fig. 1) of vacuum box 4 inside.In addition, figure 2 illustrates a kind of structure of negative electrode 1, comprising: cathode filament 101; Cathode surface 102; Cathode shell 103; Cathode screen 104; Heater lead 105.As shown in Figure 2, cathode surface 102 links together with cathode filament 101, and they are surrounded by cathode shell 103, the position corresponding with cathode surface 102 center at cathode shell 103 is provided with the line perforate, the outside at cathode shell 103, the face except being provided with the line perforate, other face is surrounded by cathode screen 104, and cathode shell 103 and cathode screen 104 are drawn and passed to heater lead 105 from the two ends of cathode filament 101.Cathode filament 101 adopts tungsten filament usually, and cathode surface 102 adopts the strong material of thermal electron ability usually, can adopt such as barium monoxide, scandate, lanthanum hexaboride etc.Cathode shell 103 is by the metal material manufacture, with an end of cathode filament 101, be electrically connected to, the face that is provided with the line perforate at cathode shell 103, outer in the line perforate is designed with planar structure, being convenient to line tapping and electric field on every side concentrates, outer in this planar structure is provided with inclined-plane, is convenient to the mild transition of electric field between adjacent negative electrode.Cathode screen 104 adopts the insulation high-temperature-resistant material, can adopt for example pottery, for the protection of negative electrode mechanical strength and the insulation between adjacent negative electrode, in the bottom of cathode screen 104, offers for two two perforates that heater lead 105 passes through.But the perforate of passing through for two heater leads 105 is not limited to be arranged on the bottom of cathode screen 104, as long as be arranged on the position that can make heater lead 105 pass through.When negative electrode carries out work, under the effect of cathode power, cathode filament 101 is heated to 1000～2000 ℃ by cathode surface 102, cathode surface 102 produces a large amount of electronics, usually the electric field of the line tapping of cathode shell 103 is for negative, electronics is limited in cathode shell 103, if power supply and control system 7 make cathode power produce a negative high-voltage pulse, be generally negative 2kV～10kV, negative 5kV for example, the electric field of line tapping becomes positive electric field, electronics is launched from the line perforate, become electron emission line E, emission can reach several A/cm
2.
In addition, focus on current-limiting apparatus 2 for electronic beam current being focused on and limits the size of its size, be arranged on the inside of vacuum box 4, near negative electrode 1.Fig. 3 illustrates a kind of structure of single focusing current-limiting apparatus 2.Focusing on current-limiting apparatus 2 is comprised of focusing electrode 201, metering hole 202 and electric field isostatic surface 203.Focusing on current-limiting apparatus 2 is all-metal constructions.Focusing electrode 201 is by the metal manufacture and be tubular, in addition, its tip is over against the line perforate of negative electrode 1, electric field from the line perforate of the upper surface of cathode shell 103 and on every side plane to the tip of the focusing electrode 201 that focuses on current-limiting apparatus 2, assemble, form focusing electric field, the electronic beam current emitted from negative electrode 1 is produced to focussing force.In addition, electric field isostatic surface 203 is by the metal manufacture, and metering hole 202 is positioned at its central authorities.The size of metering hole 202 is less than or equal to the size of centre bore of the focusing electrode 201 of tubular, electronic beam current enters focusing current-limiting apparatus 2 by the centre bore of focusing electrode 201, carry out of short duration forward direction drift motion, while arriving metering hole 202, the electronics of tropism's difference edge, front by the flow restriction around metering hole 202 (, the part except metering hole 202 of electric field isostatic surface 203) stop, therefore, only have front tropism electronic beam current good, that concentrate on range of small to enter the high voltage electric field focused between current-limiting apparatus 2 and anode 3 by metering hole 202.Herein, preferably the central shaft of metering hole 202 is identical with the central shaft of focusing electrode 201, thus, can make the better electronic beam current of front tropism enter the high voltage electric field focused between current-limiting apparatus 2 and anode 3 by metering hole 202.The electric field isostatic surface 203 relative with anode 3 that focuses on current-limiting apparatus 2 is planes, at length direction (, left and right directions in Fig. 1 and Fig. 3) upper parallel with the surface of anode 3, to focus on formation power line between current-limiting apparatus 2 and anode 3 parallel to each other and perpendicular to the high voltage electric field of anode 3.The power supply that focusing current-limiting apparatus 2 is focused current-limiting apparatus applies a negative voltage-V, form reversed electric field (for the line tapping at cathode shell 103, the electric field of line tapping is for negative), the cathode shell 103 thereby hot electron of restriction cathode surface 102 flies out.
In addition, as mentioned above the structure that focuses on current-limiting apparatus 2 is illustrated, but, the structure that focuses on current-limiting apparatus 2 is not limited to this, as long as can play the effect of focusing and current limliting, can be also other structure, for example, the electric field isostatic surface 203 of a plurality of focusing current-limiting apparatus 2 is integrally formed, and, form metering hole 202 every predetermined distance.Like this, can reduce and manufacture the operation that focuses on current-limiting apparatus 2 and manufacture X-ray apparatus, and reduce manufacturing cost.
In addition, negative electrode 1 can be the structure of square-outside and round-inside, that is, cathode shell 103 and cathode screen 104 are rectangular shape, and cathode surface 102 is circular, and the line perforate of the upper surface of cathode shell 103 is circular.In addition, for the electronics that cathode surface 102 is produced, realize better convergent effect, usually, cathode surface 102 is processed to spherical arc shape.Cathode surface 102 typically have a diameter from several mm to ten mm, for example diameter is 4mm, the line perforate of cathode shell 103 typically have a diameter from several mm, for example diameter is 2mm.The focusing electrode 201 of corresponding focusing current-limiting apparatus 2 is that drum and metering hole 202 are also circle, usually, the line opening diameter of the diameter of focusing electrode 201 and cathode shell 103 is suitable, for example, the diameter of bore of focusing electrode 201 is 1.5mm, and the diameter of metering hole 202 is 1mm.Distance from the focusing electrode 201 that focuses on current-limiting apparatus 2 to metering hole 202 is generally several mm, and for example distance is 4mm.
In addition, preferably, negative electrode is inside and outside rectangle structure, that is, cathode shell 103, cathode screen 104 is rectangle for rectangular shape and cathode surface 102 and the line perforate corresponding with cathode surface 102 center.The narrow limit (rectangular wide) that the linearly aligned direction of a plurality of negative electrodes 1 is single negative electrode is broadside (rectangular length) perpendicular to the orientation of negative electrode 1.A kind of structure of rectangular cathode shown in Figure 4, (A) be side view, is (B) vertical view.Cathode surface 102 is rectangle, cylinder cambered surface preferably, and this electronic beam current that is conducive to narrow edge direction is further assembled.Usually cambered surface length be several mm to tens mm, width is several mm, for example cambered surface length is that 10mm, width are 3mm.About the size of the line perforate of the upper surface of cathode shell 103, width W is preferably 2mm, and length D is preferably 8mm.In addition, the focusing electrode 201 of corresponding focusing current-limiting apparatus 2 is that cuboid tubular and metering hole 202 are rectangle, and, a plurality of focusing current-limiting apparatus 2 are according to the corresponding linear array of layout of a plurality of negative electrodes 1, preferably the endoporus of focusing electrode 201 is of a size of long 8mm, wide 1.5mm, preferably metering hole 202 is of a size of long 8mm, wide 1mm, and preferably focusing electrode 201 is 4mm to the distance of metering hole 202.
In addition, anode 3 is the strip metal, and the other end that is arranged on the inside of vacuum box 4 (is defined as upper end herein, referring to Fig. 1), in the longitudinal direction with to focus on current-limiting apparatus 2 parallel, and, on Width with focus on current-limiting apparatus 2 and form a little angle.Anode 3 in the longitudinal direction with focus on current-limiting apparatus 2 fully parallel (as shown in Figure 1), be applied with positive high tension voltage on anode 3, be generally tens kV～hundreds of kV, typical in 180kV, thereby form parallel high voltage electric field between anode 3 and focusing current-limiting apparatus 2, the electronic beam current that has passed metering hole 202 is subject to the acceleration of high voltage electric field, along direction of an electric field, moves, final bombardment anode 3, thus X ray produced.In addition, preferred anodes 3 adopts resistant to elevated temperatures metal tungsten material.
In addition, the part side structure of the distributed X-ray apparatus that has adopted rectangular cathode 1 shown in Figure 5 (herein, using the left and right directions in figure as Width, direction that will be vertical with paper is as length direction, and length direction is also the direction of negative electrode 1 linear array).Be shown schematically in negative electrode 1 in Fig. 6, focus on the relative position relation between current-limiting apparatus 2 and anode 3, (A) mean Width, (B) mean length direction.As shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, the Width of anode 3 and focusing current-limiting apparatus 2 form a little angle C.The X ray that electron beam bombardment anode 3 produces is the intensity maximum on the direction that becomes an angle of 90 degrees with the electronic beam current of incident, and this direction becomes ray can utilize direction.Anode 3 is with respect to focusing on the predetermined little angle C of current-limiting apparatus 2 inclination, be generally several years to tens degree, be conducive to like this outgoing of X ray, on the other hand, wider electronic beam current (herein, the width of electronic beam current is denoted as to T) for example the electronic beam current of T=8mm project on anode 3, but, from the exit direction of X ray, the radiation H produced is less, H=1mm for example, this is equivalent to dwindle focal spot size.
In addition, vacuum box 4 is cavity housings of surrounding sealing, and inside is high vacuum, and housing is preferably insulating material, such as glass or pottery etc., but can be also stainless steel and other metal materials.And the box wall of vacuum box 4 and negative electrode 1, focusing current-limiting apparatus 2, anode 3 keep enough insulation distances.Inside at vacuum box 4, a plurality of negative electrodes 1 are arranged on its lower end and are arranged in a straight line, and at middle part, the array of close negative electrode 1 is equipped with a plurality of focusing current-limiting apparatus 2, it is corresponding with the position of negative electrode 1 that each focuses on current-limiting apparatus 2, be arranged in a straight line equally, and the electric field isostatic surface 203 of adjacent focusing current-limiting apparatus 2 is connected to each other and forms a plane, the anode 3 of strip is installed in upper end, and, in the longitudinal direction, anode 3, focus on current-limiting apparatus 2,1 this three is parallel to each other for negative electrode.The motion of the enough electronic beam currents in the space of the inside of vacuum box 4 in electric field, can not produce any stopping.High vacuum in vacuum box 4 obtains by baking exhaust in the high-temperature exhaust air stove, and vacuum degree is better than 10 usually
-5pa.
In addition, plug type high-voltage connection device 5 is connected for the cable by anode 3 and high voltage source, is arranged on the side of close anode 3 one ends of vacuum box 4.Plug type high-voltage connection device 5 is inner to be connected with anode 3, and outside reaches outside vacuum box 4, with the box wall of vacuum box 4, closely is connected, and forms together vacuum seal structure.
Plug type cathode power jockey 6(is also by plug type cathode power jockey 61,62,63,64,65 ... be referred to as plug type cathode power jockey 6) for negative electrode 1 is connected with cathode power, be arranged on the side of close negative electrode 1 one ends of vacuum box 4.Plug type cathode power jockey 6 has quantity and the arrangement mode identical with negative electrode 1, each cathode power jockey 6 is connected with the heater lead 105 of negative electrode 1 in vacuum box 4 inside, outside to stretching out outside vacuum box 4, closely be connected with the box wall of vacuum box 4, form together vacuum seal structure.
Each parts of 7 pairs of distributed X-ray apparatus of the many negative electrodes of cloudy control of power supply and control system provide required power supply and job control.Power supply and control system 7 comprise: for a plurality of cathode power PS1 of target 1 power supply, PS2, PS3, PS4, PS5, For the focusing current-limiting apparatus power supply-V. powered to focusing on current-limiting apparatus 2; Anode high voltage power supply+H.V. for antianode 3 power supplies; And control device etc.Control device carries out integrated logic control to each power supply, thereby controls the normal operation of whole system, and external control interface and man machine operation interface can be provided.Typically, can programme by control system, to the output heater current of each cathode power size with negative electrode negative high voltage impulse magnitude carries out programming and negative feedback is adjusted automatically, after realizing that electronic beam current that each negative electrode produces is accelerated and practices shooting, the X ray intensity produced is consistent, in addition, can also programme by control system, order according to each cathode power output negative high voltage pulse, determine the work schedule of each negative electrode, can be single negative electrode sequential working (for example, the 1st → the 2nd → the 3rd → the 4th → the 5th → ...), can be also a plurality of intervals negative electrode sequential working (for example, the (the 1st, 5, 9) → the (the 2nd, 6, 10) → the (the 3rd, 7, 11) → ...) etc. multiple programs set scheme.In addition, about the cathode power for target power supply, in above-mentioned mode, be a plurality of (that is, a plurality of cathode power PS1, PS2, PS3, PS4, PS5 ...), but, can not be also a plurality of but a cathode power is divided into multichannel and respectively each negative electrode is powered.
And then the distributed X-ray apparatus of the many negative electrodes of cloudy control can also comprise vacuum plant 8.Vacuum plant 8 is arranged on the sidewall of vacuum box 4, carries out work under the effect of vacuum power, for maintaining the high vacuum in vacuum box 4.Common distributed X-ray apparatus is in when work, electron beam bombardment anode 3, thus anode 3 can generate heat and discharge a small amount of gas, in the utility model, can use vacuum plant 8 that this part gas is extracted out fast, maintains the condition of high vacuum degree of vacuum box 4 inside.In addition, preferably vacuum plant 8 uses vacuum ion pump.Correspondingly, the power supply of the distributed X-ray apparatus of the many negative electrodes of cloudy control and control system 7 also comprise for the power supply Vacc PS to vacuum plant 8 power supplies.
And then the distributed X-ray apparatus of the many negative electrodes of cloudy control can also comprise shielding and collimator apparatus 9.Shielding and collimator apparatus 9 are arranged on the outside of vacuum box 4, for shielding unwanted X ray, offer the opening of the strip corresponding with anode 3 in available X ray exit position, at this opening part, be provided with the part (with reference to Fig. 5) in the scope that for the above-below direction at length direction, Width and Fig. 5, X ray is limited to required application along the X ray exit direction, in addition, preferable mask and collimator apparatus 9 are made by lead material.
It needs to be noted, in the distributed X-ray apparatus of the many negative electrodes of above-mentioned cloudy control, a plurality of negative electrodes 1 can be that linear pattern is arranged, but can be also that circular arc type is arranged, thereby meet different application demands.Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of the structure of the distributed X-ray apparatus of a kind of circular arc type many negative electrodes of cloudy control, (A) is stereogram, is (B) end view drawing.According to order from the top down, in first plane, a plurality of negative electrodes 1 are arranged as circular arc, corresponding a plurality of focusing current-limiting apparatus 2 with first parallel plane second plane in be arranged as circular arc, and, fasten each focusing current-limiting apparatus 2 in the upper-lower position pass corresponding one by one with each negative electrode 1.In addition, the anode 3 of conical surface arc is arranged in the below that focuses on current-limiting apparatus 2, on arc direction with first plane parallel, form a predetermined angle C with first plane diametrically, angle C is generally the several years to tens degree, and incline direction is along downward-sloping (as shown in Fig. 7 (B)) in anode.That is, the interior edge of anode 3 and the distance of the distance that focuses on current-limiting apparatus 2 than the outer of anode 3 and focusing current-limiting apparatus 2.Electronic beam current emits from negative electrode 1, be subject to focusing on after the focusing of current-limiting apparatus 2 and current limliting entering and focus between current-limiting apparatus and anode, being subject to high voltage electric field accelerates, bombardment anode 3, a series of focus 31,32,33,34,35 that the circular arc formed on anode 3 is arranged ... the exit direction of useful X ray is pointed to the center of circle of circular arc.The outgoing X ray of the distributed X-ray apparatus of circular arc type all points to the center of circle of circular arc, can be applied to need the occasion of radiographic source circular arrangement.
(system composition)
As shown in Fig. 1～Fig. 7, the distributed X-ray apparatus of the many negative electrodes of cloudy control of the present utility model has a plurality of negative electrodes 1, a plurality of focusing current-limiting apparatus 2, anode 3, vacuum box 4, plug type high-voltage connection device 5, a plurality of plug type cathode power jockey 6 and power supply and control system 7, in addition, can also further there is vacuum plant 8 and shielding and collimator apparatus 9.A plurality of negative electrodes 1 are lined up the lower end that linear array is arranged on vacuum box 4 inside, each negative electrode 1 is independent mutually, a plurality of focusing current-limiting apparatus 2 are arranged on the position of the close negative electrode 1 in middle part in vacuum box 4, focus on current-limiting apparatus 2 corresponding one by one with negative electrode 1, also be arranged in linear array, all focusing current-limiting apparatus 2 interconnect, and the anode 3 of strip is arranged on the upper end in vacuum box 4, and 3 these threes are parallel to each other for array, the anode of the array of negative electrode 1, focusing current-limiting apparatus 2.Plug type high-voltage connection device 5 is arranged on vacuum box 4 upper ends, its inside is connected with anode 3, outside can connect high-tension cable, a plurality of plug type cathode power jockeys 6 are arranged on vacuum box 4 lower ends, plug type cathode power jockey 6 inside are connected with negative electrode 1, and outside can be connected to each cathode power by cable.Vacuum plant 8 is arranged on the sidewall of vacuum box 4.Power supply and control system 7 comprise a plurality of cathode power PS1, PS2, PS3, PS4, PS5 ..., focus on a plurality of modules such as current-limiting apparatus power supply-V., vacuum power Vacc PS, anode high voltage power supply+H.V., control device, by power cable and control cable, with parts such as a plurality of negative electrodes 1, a plurality of focusing current-limiting apparatus 2, vacuum plant 8, anodes 3, be connected respectively.
(operation principle)
At the moon, control in the distributed X-ray apparatus of many negative electrodes, according to the control of power supply and control system 7, make a plurality of cathode power PS1, PS2, PS3, PS4, PS5 ..., focus on current-limiting apparatus power supply-V., vacuum power Vacc PS, anode high voltage power supply+H.V. etc. start working respectively according to the program of setting.101 power supplies of cathode power target filament, cathode filament 101 is heated to very high temperature by cathode surface 102, produces a large amount of thermal electrons; Focus on current-limiting apparatus power supply-V. and interconnective focusing current-limiting apparatus 2 is applied to the negative voltage of 200V, at the line tapping of each negative electrode 1, form a reversed electric field, the hot electron of restriction cathode surface 102 cathode shell 103 that flies out.Anode high voltage power supply+H.V. antianode 3 provides the positive high voltage of 160kV, forms the high voltage electric field of forward between the array that focuses on current-limiting apparatus 2 and anode 3.The moment 1: the negative high voltage pulse that power supply and control system 7 control cathode power ps 1 produce a 2kV also provides it to negative electrode 11, the global voltage pulsed of negative electrode 11 is fallen, the electric field moment that makes negative electrode 11 and focus between current-limiting apparatus 21 is changed positive field into, hot electron in the cathode shell of negative electrode 11 emits from the line tapping, fly to the focusing electrode that focuses on current-limiting apparatus 21, hot electron is subject to focussing force in motion process, become undersized electronic beam current, the overwhelming majority enters the centre bore of focusing electrode, arrive metering hole after of short duration drift motion, edge, the electronics that front tropism is poor is stopped by the flow restriction around metering hole, only concentrate in range of small, consistent electronics forward passes through metering hole, enter the high voltage electric field of forward and be accelerated and the acquisition energy, final bombardment anode 3, produce X ray, the focal position of X ray is the cathode surface 102 of negative electrode 11, focus on the focusing electrode 201 of current-limiting apparatus 21, metering hole 202 these threes' the projection of line on anode 3, it is focus 31.The moment 2: similar with the moment 1, power supply and control system 7 control cathode power ps 2 produce the negative high voltage pulse of a 2kV and provide it to negative electrode 12, the global voltage pulsed of negative electrode 12 is fallen, the electric field moment that makes negative electrode 12 and focus between current-limiting apparatus 22 is changed positive field into, hot electron in the cathode shell of negative electrode 12 emits from the line tapping, fly to the focusing electrode that focuses on current-limiting apparatus 22, hot electron is subject to focussing force in motion process, become undersized electronic beam current, the overwhelming majority enters the centre bore of focusing electrode, arrive metering hole after of short duration drift motion, edge, the electronics that front tropism is poor is stopped by the flow restriction around metering hole, only concentrate in range of small, consistent electronics forward passes through metering hole, enter the high voltage electric field of forward and be accelerated and the acquisition energy, final bombardment anode 3, produce X ray, the focal position of X ray is the cathode surface 102 of negative electrode 12, focus on the focusing electrode 201 of current-limiting apparatus 22, metering hole 202 these threes' the projection of line on anode 3, it is focus 32.Similarly, in the moment 3, negative electrode 13 obtains the pulse negative high voltages, produces electron beam, is focused current-limiting apparatus 23 focusing, current limliting, enters the high-tension electricity place accelerated, bombards anode 3, produces X ray, and focal position is 33; In the moment 4, it is focal position 34; In the moment 5, it is focal position 35; To the last a cathode emission line, produce last focal position, completes a work period.At next cycle, then repeat from focal position 31,32,33,34 ... produce successively X ray.
The gas that anode 3 discharges while being subject to electron beam bombardment is taken away in real time by vacuum plant 8, makes to maintain high vacuum in vacuum box 4, is conducive to long-time steady operation.X ray on shielding and the useless direction of collimator apparatus 9 shielding, allow the X ray on usable direction pass through, and X ray be limited in predetermined scope.Power supply and control system 7 drive all parts to carry out co-ordination except controlling each power supply by setup program, can also receive external command by communication interface and man-machine interface, the key parameter of system is modified and set, and refresh routine is automatically controlled and is adjusted with carrying out.
In addition, the distributed X-ray apparatus of the many negative electrodes of cloudy control of the present utility model can be applied to CT equipment, thus, can access a kind of in the situation that X-ray apparatus just can not produce the CT equipment at a plurality of visual angles in shift position.
(effect)
The utility model provides the many negative electrodes of a kind of cloudy control distributed X-ray apparatus, produces in a light source and presses the periodically X ray of shift the focus position of predefined procedure.The utility model adopts the hot cathode source, with respect to other design, has advantages of that emission current is large, the life-span is long; A plurality of independent negative electrodes are lined up linear array, and, each negative electrode independence and adopt independently cathode power to be controlled, convenient, flexible; The focusing current-limiting apparatus corresponding with each negative electrode is arranged in a straight line and is connected to each other, and in stable little negative voltage potential, is easy to control; Between negative electrode and focusing current-limiting apparatus, larger distance is arranged, be easy to processing; Adopt the design of the large anode of long strip type, effectively alleviated the overheated problem of anode, be conducive to improve the power of light source; Negative electrode can linear array, and integral body becomes the distributed X-ray apparatus of linear pattern, and negative electrode also can arc shooting, and integral body becomes the distributed X-ray apparatus of camber, applying flexible.With respect to other distributed X ray light source, in the utility model, electric current is large and target spot is little, and target position is evenly distributed and is reproducible, and power output is high, simple in structure, and it is convenient to control.In addition, in the situation that by distributed X ray light source applications of the present utility model in CT equipment, just can produce a plurality of visual angles without mobile light source, therefore, can omit the slip ring motion, be conducive to simplified structure, improve the stability of a system, reliability, improve checking efficiency.
As mentioned above, the application's utility model is illustrated, but is not limited to this, be construed as and can in the scope of the utility model aim, carry out various changes.For example, anode is not limited to the anode used in above-mentioned execution mode, can be applied to the utility model as long as can form the anode of a plurality of target positions and excellent heat radiation performance, in addition, negative electrode also is not limited to applied cathode construction in execution mode of the present utility model, so long as can launch the negative electrode of X ray, can both be applied to the utility model.
Claims (16)
1. the moon is controlled the distributed X-ray apparatus of many negative electrodes, it is characterized in that possessing:
Vacuum box, surrounding sealing and inside are high vacuum;
A plurality of negative electrodes, the mutual independence of each negative electrode and line up the end that linear array is arranged on described vacuum box inside, and each negative electrode has cathode filament, the cathode surface be connected with described cathode filament and from the double-end heater lead of described cathode filament;
A plurality of focusing current-limiting apparatus, be arranged in correspondingly with described negative electrode the position that linear array is arranged on the close described negative electrode in middle part in described vacuum box, and each focuses on current-limiting apparatus and interconnects;
Anode, consist of metal, is arranged on the other end of described vacuum box inside, and parallel with described focusing current-limiting apparatus in the longitudinal direction and Width and described focusing current-limiting apparatus form the angle of predetermined angular;
Power supply and control system, have cathode power, the focusing current-limiting apparatus power supply be connected with interconnective focusing current-limiting apparatus, anode high voltage power supply, for each power supply being carried out to the control device of integrated logic control;
The plug type high-voltage connection device, for described anode is connected with described anode high voltage power supply, be arranged on the side of close described anode one end of described vacuum box; And
A plurality of plug type cathode power jockeys, for connecting described negative electrode and described cathode power, be arranged on the side of close described negative electrode one end of described vacuum box.
2. the distributed X-ray apparatus of the many negative electrodes of cloudy control as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that,
Described negative electrode also has: cathode shell, surround described cathode filament and described cathode surface, and corresponding position is provided with the line perforate at the center with described cathode surface, outer in the line perforate is provided with planar structure, in the outer of this planar structure, is provided with inclined-plane; Cathode screen, in the outside of described cathode shell, surround other the face except the face that is provided with the line perforate of described cathode shell,
Described heater lead is drawn out to described plug type cathode power jockey through described cathode shell and described cathode screen.
3. the distributed X-ray apparatus of the many negative electrodes of cloudy control as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that,
Described cathode shell and described cathode screen are rectangular shape, and described cathode surface and the described line perforate corresponding with the center of described cathode surface are rectangle.
4. the distributed X-ray apparatus of the many negative electrodes of cloudy control as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that,
Described cathode shell and described cathode screen are rectangular shape, and described cathode surface and the described line perforate corresponding with the center of described cathode surface are circular.
5. the distributed X-ray apparatus of the many negative electrodes of cloudy control as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that,
Described cathode shell and described cathode screen are rectangular shape, and described cathode surface is spherical arc shape, and described line perforate corresponding to the center of described cathode surface is circular.
6. the distributed X-ray apparatus of the many negative electrodes of cloudy control as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that,
Described vacuum box is made by glass or pottery.
7. the distributed X-ray apparatus of the many negative electrodes of cloudy control as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that,
Described vacuum box is made by metal material.
8. the distributed X-ray apparatus of the many negative electrodes of cloudy control as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that,
Described plug type high-voltage connection device is inner to be connected with described anode, and described vacuum box is stretched out in outside, with described vacuum box wall, closely is connected, and forms together vacuum seal structure.
9. the distributed X-ray apparatus of the many negative electrodes of cloudy control as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that,
Each described plug type cathode power jockey is connected with the described heater lead of described negative electrode in described vacuum box inside, and described vacuum box is stretched out in outside, with described vacuum box wall, closely is connected, and forms together vacuum seal structure.
10. the distributed X-ray apparatus of the many negative electrodes of cloudy control as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that,
Also have: vacuum power is included in described power supply and control system; Vacuum plant, be arranged on the sidewall of described vacuum box, utilizes described vacuum power to carry out work, maintains the high vacuum in described vacuum box.
11. the distributed X-ray apparatus of the many negative electrodes of cloudy control as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that,
Also have: shield and collimator apparatus, be arranged on the outside of described vacuum box, have the strip opening corresponding with described anode in available X ray exit position.
12. the distributed X-ray apparatus of the many negative electrodes of cloudy control as claimed in claim 11, is characterized in that,
Described shielding and collimator apparatus are used lead material.
13. the distributed X-ray apparatus of the many negative electrodes of cloudy control as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that,
Described focusing current-limiting apparatus comprises: the electric field isostatic surface is made of metal and has in the central a metering hole; Focusing electrode, be made of metal and for tubular, and its tip is over against the line perforate of described negative electrode,
The size of described metering hole is less than or equal to the centre bore of described focusing electrode.
14. the distributed X-ray apparatus of the many negative electrodes of cloudy control as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that,
Described a plurality of cathode arrangement type that is in line, and, described a plurality of focusing current-limiting apparatus type that also is arranged in a straight line accordingly.
15. the distributed X-ray apparatus of the many negative electrodes of cloudy control as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that,
Described a plurality of cathode arrangement becomes circular arc type, and described a plurality of focusing current-limiting apparatus also are arranged in circular arc type accordingly with described a plurality of negative electrodes,
Described anode is conical surface arc, and, described negative electrode, described focusing current-limiting apparatus and described anode are arranged successively, and the plane at the camber line place, outer of described anode is and first plane at described a plurality of negative electrodes place and second parallel plane the 3rd plane at described a plurality of focusing current-limiting apparatus place, the distance of the interior edge of described anode and described focusing current-limiting apparatus is than the distance of the outer of described anode and described focusing current-limiting apparatus.
16. a CT equipment, is characterized in that,
The distributed X-ray apparatus of any one many negative electrodes of described cloudy control that possesses claim 1～15.
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| CN201220744702.7U CN203377194U (en) | 2012-12-31 | 2012-12-31 | Cathode-control multi-cathode distributed X ray apparatus and CT equipment having the apparatus |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103903941A (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2014-07-02 | 同方威视技术股份有限公司 | Cathode-control multi-cathode distributed X-ray device and CT equipment with same |
| WO2016029811A1 (en) | 2014-08-25 | 2016-03-03 | 同方威视技术股份有限公司 | Electron source, x-ray source and device using x-ray source |
| CN110793981A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-02-14 | 新鸿电子有限公司 | Time-sharing multiplexing control device and system |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103903941A (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2014-07-02 | 同方威视技术股份有限公司 | Cathode-control multi-cathode distributed X-ray device and CT equipment with same |
| WO2014101283A1 (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2014-07-03 | 同方威视技术股份有限公司 | Cathode-controlled multi-cathode distributed x-ray device and ct apparatus having same |
| WO2016029811A1 (en) | 2014-08-25 | 2016-03-03 | 同方威视技术股份有限公司 | Electron source, x-ray source and device using x-ray source |
| CN110793981A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-02-14 | 新鸿电子有限公司 | Time-sharing multiplexing control device and system |
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