CN203371415U - Self-locking clamping device based on thermally-induced linear expansion - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a self-locking clamping device based on thermally-induced linear expansion. The self-locking clamping device comprises a micro driving device and a stroke amplification device. The micro driving device is made into a temperature-sensitive driving component by temperature sensitive materials, the rapid semiconductor cooling/heating technology is utilized for providing a thermal source, the inner backflow area differential motion stroke amplification device is adopted in the stroke amplification, the amplification coefficient is ensured, and meanwhile the size of an output piston is not restrained. In the process of working, the device is initially set to be the cooling state, the extension amount of the temperature-sensitive driving component in the room temperature replaying process is utilized for driving the piston to move to clamp a workpiece, the temperature potential energy accumulated at the room temperature state is utilized for keeping long-term clamping, and the device is compact and concise in structure, free of pollution, green and environmentally friendly. Only twice one-way refrigeration is required in the working processes of one-time clamping and loosening, the working mode is simple, and the energy consumption is low. The temperature potential energy can be utilized for keeping the clamping, energy resources are not required to be continuously provided, and the utilization rate of the energy resources is high.

Description

A kind of self clamping device expanded based on the thermic line

Technical field

The utility model belongs to the mechanical grip technical field, is specifically related to a kind of self clamping device expanded based on the thermic line.

Background technology

Fixture plays an important role in manufacturing industry, can improving production efficiency, and ensure Labor Safety, and use extensively.Now widely used fixture mostly is hydraulic pressure or pneumatic clamping device, but there is significantly deficiency in the clamping of traditional approach, specific as follows:

1, hydraulically operated fixture need to provide pressure oil pump, and air-actuated jaw need to provide compressed-air actuated air compressor machine, the drive source complexity, and volume is large, and cost is high.

2, power conversion and controlling unit are many, and energy loss is larger, and the utilization rate of the energy is low, and clamping efficiency is lower, cause the relative increase of use cost.

3, have the mechanical driving device of High Rotation Speed, noise pollution is more serious.

4, there is the problem that fluid is revealed in hydraulicdriven fixture, and easily causes environmental pollution.

5, for keeping lasting clamping effect, cause lasting energy resource consumption, the effective rate of utilization of the energy is low.

At present, there is a clamping device that utilizes thermic line expansion principle in prior art, " a kind of self clamping device (patent No.: 200810156667.5) ", this device comprises symmetrically arranged two groups of area effect stroke amplification devices and toggle mechanism, by two groups of area effect stroke amplification devices, acts on respectively the compression of Toggle Force Amplifier realizable force output element and unclamps.But this apparatus structure is more complicated, and need just can complete and once clamp and the operation of unclamping through " heat-freeze-heat-refrigeration " two-way twice conversion, operating efficiency is lower.

The stroke amplification device aspect, the area stroke amplification device is based on pascal's principle, take in the obturator that fluid is medium when the piston large with diameter promotes the little piston of diameter, and output displacement will be exaggerated, and be a stroke amplification device.The computing formula of stroke amplification coefficient is as follows:

$i_s=\frac{L_o}{L_i}=\frac{D^2}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="d"\; filenames="HDA00003421876000011.png,HDA00003421876000021.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">d</figure-callout>}}^2}$

Wherein, L _i, L _obe respectively the displacement of driven plunger and output piston, D, d is respectively the diameter of driven plunger and output piston.Its significant advantage is to obtain larger amplification coefficient, reaches considerable amplification effect.Yet there is certain defect in traditional area effect stroke amplification device.When determining multiplication factor, if restriction driven plunger size, the output piston size is also thereupon fixing, must sacrifice the size of output piston bar in order in rod chamber, to lay back-moving spring, so just may cause piston rod undersized, rigidity is poor, produces the unstable failure of piston rod; Conversely, if guarantee the rigidity of output piston bar, must amplify the size of output piston, the size of driven plunger also increases thereupon, so that whole device volume is excessive, complex structure, and cost is higher.

Therefore, in view of above problem, be necessary to propose a kind of clamping device that auto-lock function is arranged, there is volume little, simple in structure, the characteristics of environmental protection; Working method is simply efficient, convenient operation; And can reduce in the self-locking process because continuing to clamp the energy resource consumption produced.

The utility model content

In view of this, the utility model provides a kind of self clamping device expanded based on the thermic line, has a volume little, simple in structure, the advantage of environmental protection; And working method is simply efficient, convenient operation, improved operating efficiency and energy utilization rate, reduced use cost; Realize carrying out the self-locking clamping simultaneously under the condition that the lasting energy is not provided, reduced the continuous action consumption of the energy.

A kind of self clamping device expanded based on the thermic line proposed according to the purpose of this utility model, comprise micro-drive unit, stroke amplification device, and the control device of controlling described micro-drive unit operation, described micro-drive unit comprises the temperature-sensitive driver part, and described temperature-sensitive driver part is carried out to thermoregulator temperature control parts;

Described stroke amplification device comprises driven plunger, output piston, piston rod and is sheathed on the back-moving spring on described piston rod, is provided with at least one or a plurality of return port on described output piston; The hydraulic cylinder that the hydraulic cylinder at described output piston place is corresponding with described driven plunger is connected in series mutually.

Preferably, described temperature-sensitive driver part is fixed at least 1 temperature-sensitive drive link a, end of described temperature-sensitive drive link, and the other end is connected with described driven plunger, and described temperature control parts are electrically connected to described temperature-sensitive drive link.

Preferably, described temperature-sensitive driver part is the hollow and thin-walled pipe, and described hollow and thin-walled pipe inboard is provided with semiconductor heating/cooling module, and an end of described hollow and thin-walled pipe is fixed, and the other end is connected with described driven plunger.

Preferably, the junction of described hollow and thin-walled pipe and described driven plunger is provided with heat insulating mattress.

Preferably, be provided with the temperature sensor be electrically connected to described control device on described temperature-sensitive driver part.

Preferably, on described semiconductor heating/cooling module, be provided with temperature controller, described temperature controller is electrically connected to described control device.

Preferably, described self clamping device also comprises that described pressure transducer is electrically connected to described control device for detection of the pressure transducer of liquid pressure in described output piston rodless cavity.

Compared with prior art, the advantage of the disclosed self clamping device expanded based on the thermic line of the utility model is: adopt temperature-sensitive material to make corresponding temperature-sensitive driver part, heat or while by refrigerating state, naturally replying room temperature, the elongation of temperature-sensitive driver part, produce microdisplacement, drive the driven plunger reach, through the stroke amplification device effect, microdisplacement is enlarged into to the remarkable displacement of piston rod reach, clamping work pieces; By heating replying state room temperature or when refrigeration, the temperature-sensitive driver part shrinks, drive driven plunger and reset, output piston and piston rod pressure reduce and the effect of back-moving spring under unclamp workpiece.Simple in structure, easy to operate, there do not is vibration and noise in the process that clamps and reset, reduced the power conversion link, improved the utilization rate of the energy, reduce use cost, and environmental protection.

This temperature-sensitive driver part is equivalent to " temperature spring ", can utilize always lock status of the long-term retaining clip of temperature potential energy, greatly reduces lasting energy resource consumption.

In addition, by the output piston of stroke amplification device, return port being set, liquid medium can flow between rod chamber and rodless cavity, realizes differential effect, and the effective active area that makes output piston is only the cross-sectional area of piston rod.To realize improving amplification coefficient on the basis that reduces the stroke amplification device volume, realize the remarkable amplification of displacement.

The accompanying drawing explanation

In order to be illustrated more clearly in the utility model embodiment or technical scheme of the prior art, below will the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or description of the Prior Art be briefly described, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only embodiment more of the present utility model, for those of ordinary skills, under the prerequisite of not paying creative work, can also obtain according to these accompanying drawings other accompanying drawing.

The structural representation that Fig. 1 is the disclosed self clamping device embodiment 1 expanded based on the thermic line of the utility model.

The structural representation that Fig. 2 is the disclosed self clamping device embodiment 2 expanded based on the thermic line of the utility model.

The structural representation that Fig. 3 is disclosed self clamping device embodiment 2 clamped conditions that expand based on the thermic line of the utility model.

Fig. 4 is semiconductor heating/schematic diagram of refrigerating.

The title of the numeral in figure or the corresponding component of alphabetical representative:

1, temperature-sensitive drive link 2, driven plunger 3, output piston 4, piston rod 5, back-moving spring 6, return port 7, temperature sensor 8, temperature controller 9, pressure transducer 10, hollow and thin-walled pipe 11, semiconductor heating/cooling module 12, heat insulating mattress 13, cold junction converter 14, hot junction converter 15, control device

The specific embodiment

At present in manufacturing industry, be widely used hydraulic pressure or pneumatic mode is clamped, drive source mechanism complexity, volume is large, and cost is high, and energy loss is serious, and utilization rate is low, and environmental pollution is serious; And there is certain restriction in traditional area effect stroke amplification device, can't in the rigidity that guarantees the output piston bar, reduce volume.And traditional fixture need to continue energy consumption when keeping self-locking to clamp, energy utilization rate is low.

In addition, a kind of self clamping device of the prior art, comprise symmetrically arranged two groups of area effect stroke amplification devices and toggle mechanism, by two groups of area effect stroke amplification devices, act on respectively the compression of Toggle Force Amplifier realizable force output element and unclamp.This apparatus structure is more complicated, and needs just can complete and once clamp and the operation of unclamping through " heat-freeze-heat-refrigeration " two-way twice conversion, and operating efficiency is lower.

The utility model, for deficiency of the prior art, has proposed the utility model a kind of self clamping device expanded based on the thermic line is provided, and small volume is simple in structure; And effectively simplified the clamping step, convenient operation, improved operating efficiency and energy utilization rate, reduce use cost; There do not is the mechanism of high-speed motion, there is no the problem of noise and oil contamination; Do not need to provide additional energy source can realize self-locking, reduce the continuous action consumption of the energy.

A kind of self clamping device expanded based on the thermic line, the control device that comprises micro-drive unit, stroke amplification device and control micro-drive unit operation, micro-drive unit comprises the temperature-sensitive driver part, and the temperature-sensitive driver part is carried out to thermoregulator temperature control parts.Wherein, the temperature-sensitive driver part adopts temperature sensing material to make, and by the temperature control parts, the temperature-sensitive driver part is heated to refrigeration and processes.

Stroke amplification device comprises driven plunger 2, output piston 3, piston rod 4 and is sheathed on the back-moving spring 5 on piston rod 4, and an end of driven plunger 2 is connected with the temperature-sensitive driver part, is provided with at least one or a plurality of return port 6 on output piston 3; The hydraulic cylinder hydraulic cylinder corresponding with driven plunger at output piston 3 places is connected in series mutually.

Heat or while by refrigerating state, naturally replying room temperature, the elongation of temperature-sensitive driver part, produce microdisplacement, drive the driven plunger reach, through the stroke amplification device effect, microdisplacement is enlarged into to the remarkable displacement of piston rod reach, clamping work pieces; By heating replying state room temperature or when refrigeration, the temperature-sensitive driver part shrinks, drive driven plunger and reset, output piston and piston rod pressure reduce and the effect of back-moving spring under unclamp workpiece.

The driven plunger motion is squeezed into liquid the rodless cavity of output piston, makes pressure in rodless cavity increase, and drives the output piston operation, produces the stroke amplification effect.Owing to opening one or more return ports on output piston, liquid can intercommunication in rod chamber and rodless cavity, driven plunger promotes in the process of output piston, and the interior liquid of hydraulic cylinder rod chamber that output piston is corresponding can be back in rodless cavity realizes that area is differential.The computing formula of the stroke amplification coefficient of the differential stroke amplification device of interior backflow area is as follows:

$i=\frac{\mathrm{\&Delta;}{l}_o}{\mathrm{\&Delta;}{l}_i}=\frac{S_i}{S_o}=\frac{S_i}{S_r}=\frac{D^2}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="d"\; filenames="HDA00003421876000011.png,HDA00003421876000021.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">d</figure-callout>}}^2}$

Δ l in formula _i, Δ l ₀be respectively the displacement of driven plunger and output piston, S _ifor the cross-sectional area of driven plunger, S _oeffective active area S for output piston _o=S _r, S _rfor the cross-sectional area of piston rod, the diameter that D is driven plunger, the diameter that d is the output piston bar.Owing to having increased return port, when stroke amplifies, the effective active area of output piston is only the cross-sectional area of piston rod, therefore the size of output piston can not be subject to the constraint of multiplication factor, to realize improving amplification coefficient on the basis of the volume that reduces stroke amplification device, realize the remarkable amplification of displacement.

Below will to the technical solution of the utility model, be clearly and completely described by the specific embodiment.Obviously, described embodiment is only the utility model part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Embodiment based in the utility model, those of ordinary skills are not making under the creative work prerequisite the every other embodiment obtained, and all belong to the scope of the utility model protection.

Embodiment 1

As shown in Figure 1, the temperature-sensitive driver part is symmetrically arranged 2 temperature-sensitive drive links 1, and an end of temperature-sensitive drive link 1 is fixed, and the other end is connected with driven plunger 2, and the temperature control parts are electrically connected to the temperature-sensitive drive link.By circuit is switched on, the temperature-sensitive drive link heats up or freezes rear intensification naturally under electrically heated effect, temperature-sensitive drive link elongation gradually in the process heated up promotes gradually the driven plunger reach under the effect of temperature-sensitive drive link, then promotes piston rod and moves down workpiece pressing; While unclamping, stop heating or refrigeration, make temperature-sensitive drive link retracted for clearance, output piston and piston rod reset under the effect of back-moving spring 5.

Wherein, the quantity of temperature-sensitive drive link also can be 1, is fixedly connected on the center of driven plunger.Or equally distributed many etc., concrete quantity does not limit.

Be provided with the temperature sensor 7 be electrically connected to control device on temperature-sensitive drive link 1.For monitor temperature variation constantly, regulated timely.

Self clamping device also comprises that pressure transducer 9 is electrically connected to control device for detection of the pressure transducer 9 of liquid pressure in the output piston rodless cavity.Pressure transducer detects the liquid pressure in rodless cavity, to determine the shift motion of output piston.

Embodiment 2

As shown in Figure 2,3, the temperature-sensitive driver part is hollow and thin-walled pipe 10, and hollow and thin-walled pipe inboard is provided with semiconductor heating/cooling module 11, and an end of hollow and thin-walled pipe 10 is fixed, and the other end is connected with driven plunger 2.

The junction of hollow and thin-walled pipe and driven plunger is provided with heat insulating mattress 12, prevents that the hollow and thin-walled pipe from crossing the cause thermal damage driven plunger.

By utilizing the semiconductor heating/quick switch technology of freezing to act on the hollow and thin-walled pipe, due to the thermic line expansion of material, scantling can roughly be with the rising of temperature linear increment, otherwise is linear decrease.Be under the semiconductor refrigerating state, material production is shunk, and heats under state the material production elongation.Therefore can obtain controlled two-way microdisplacement, response frequency is high, simple in structure.Simultaneously, this type of drive directly is converted to mechanical energy by heat energy, and conversion links is few, and the utilization ratio of the energy is high.

Semiconductor heating/quick the switch technology of freezing is based on paltie effect: an end that consists of Shi， loop, loop two kinds of different materials absorbs heat, and the other end is emitted heat.Because semi-conducting material has best thermoelectric energy transfer characteristic, be used in heat/Refrigeration Technique.As shown in Figure 4, its principle is as follows: P-type semiconductor and N-type semiconductor material clip form path (claim thermoelectricity to) between metal plate, superincumbent joint, and the sense of current is N → P, temperature descends and absorbs heat the formation cold junction.And joint below, the sense of current is P → N, temperature rises and heat release forms hot junction.Heat/the refrigerating capacity that a pair of thermoelectricity is right is very limited, can be by a lot of such thermoelectricity to being connected into thermoelectric pile, and the method that even can pass through again series and parallel forms the Multi-stage heat pile.By means of heat-transfer equipments such as heat exchangers, the hot junction liberated heat is used, be and heat; Cold junction is placed in to certain environment and goes heat absorption, be refrigeration.As long as change the sense of current, the cool and heat ends direction is conversion mutually immediately.

The advantage body of semiconductor heating/Refrigeration Technique is:

1, there is no moving component, thereby do not vibrate and noise good stability, long service life.

2, do not use cold-producing medium, avoided refrigrant leakage and to the pollution of environment.

3, heat/refrigeration work consumption can from several milliwatts to the scope of myriawatt, temperature range reaches 20～150 ℃, the scope of application is wider.

4, the energy adjustment performance is good, regulates operating voltage or electric current with regard to adjustable restraining heat/refrigerating capacity, and easily accomplishes the high accuracy adjusting by the temperature measurement and control means.

5, heat/freeze conversion fast, thermal inertia is very little, freezes, heats the time very fast.

Be provided with the temperature sensor 7 be electrically connected to control device on hollow and thin-walled pipe 10.For monitor temperature variation constantly, regulated timely.

Be provided with temperature controller 8 on semiconductor heating/cooling module, temperature controller is electrically connected to control device.Control device to the temperature controller effect, is realized semiconductor heating/cooling module action according to the feedback signal of temperature sensor.

Self clamping device also comprises that pressure transducer 9 is electrically connected to control device for detection of the pressure transducer 9 of liquid pressure in the output piston rodless cavity.Pressure transducer detects the liquid pressure in rodless cavity, to determine the shift motion of output piston.

The operation principle of the present embodiment is as follows:

Original state: semiconductor heating/cooling module is first freezed, and hollow and thin-walled pipe 10 shrinks, and piston rod 4 is in position, the top.

Clamp operation state: will be in the hollow and thin-walled pipe of refrigeration under contraction state and be heated by semiconductor heating/cooling module, or cancel refrigeration and make temperature two approach that naturally go up, and finally reach room temperature state.In this course, hollow and thin-walled pipe Yin Wendu raises and will extend, and stroke amplification device is enlarged into by this microdisplacement the remarkable displacement that piston rod moves downward, and realizes the clamping of workpiece.

Self-locking state: while utilizing the spring of compressive state to be clamped, because spring has been put aside elastic potential energy, not needing the energy that provides extra just can keep the state of clamping for a long time, is a kind of energy-efficient clamping mode.Temperature sensing material with linear thermal expansion effect is similar to a kind of " temperature spring ", at first is placed on contraction state, and hollow and thin-walled pipe elongated clip clamping of workpieces in recovering the room temperature process utilizes " temperature potential energy " to keep clamping after reaching room temperature.Therefore room temperature can significantly not change and not need to provide additional energy to keep, device retaining clip lock status always for a long time.

Unclamp workpiece, restPose: when semiconductor heating/cooling module freezes again, the hollow and thin-walled pipe shrinks, and driven plunger is to left movement, and piston rod moves upward, and unclamps workpiece.

The utility model discloses a kind of self clamping device expanded based on the thermic line, adopt temperature-sensitive material to make corresponding temperature-sensitive driver part.In order to reach the effect of utilizing temperature potential energy to carry out self-locking, be initially refrigerating state, while by refrigerating state, replying room temperature, the elongation of temperature-sensitive driver part, drive the driven plunger reach, under the effect of driven plunger, output piston and piston rod reach, clamping work pieces; While again freezing, the temperature-sensitive driver part shrinks, drive driven plunger and reset, output piston and piston rod pressure reduce and the effect of back-moving spring under unclamp workpiece.This device can only can be realized the clamping of workpiece and unclamp by twice unidirectional process of refrigerastion.Whole device volume is less, simple in structure; And effectively simplified the clamping step, convenient operation, improved operating efficiency and energy utilization rate, reduce use cost; There do not is the mechanism of high-speed motion, there is no the problem of noise and oil contamination; Do not need to provide additional energy source can realize self-locking, reduce the continuous action consumption of the energy, environmental protection.

This temperature-sensitive driver part is equivalent to " temperature spring ", can utilize always lock status of the long-term retaining clip of temperature potential energy, greatly reduces lasting energy resource consumption.

In addition, by on the output piston of stroke amplification device, return port being set, liquid medium can flow between rod chamber and rodless cavity, realize differential effect, the effective active area that makes output piston is only the cross-sectional area of piston rod, therefore the size of output piston can not be subject to the restriction of multiplication factor, to realize improving amplification coefficient on the basis that reduces the stroke amplification device volume, realizes the remarkable amplification of displacement.

To the above-mentioned explanation of the disclosed embodiments, make professional and technical personnel in the field can realize or use the utility model.Multiple modification to these embodiment will be apparent for those skilled in the art, and General Principle as defined herein can be in the situation that do not break away from spirit or scope of the present utility model, realization in other embodiments.Therefore, the utility model will can not be restricted to these embodiment shown in this article, but will meet the widest scope consistent with principle disclosed herein and features of novelty.

Claims (7)

1. the self clamping device expanded based on the thermic line, it is characterized in that, comprise micro-drive unit, stroke amplification device, and the control device of controlling described micro-drive unit operation, described micro-drive unit comprises the temperature-sensitive driver part, and described temperature-sensitive driver part is carried out to thermoregulator temperature control parts;

Described stroke amplification device comprises driven plunger, output piston, piston rod and is sheathed on the back-moving spring on described piston rod, is provided with at least one or a plurality of return port on described output piston; The hydraulic cylinder that the hydraulic cylinder at described output piston place is corresponding with described driven plunger is connected in series mutually.

2. the self clamping device expanded based on the thermic line as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described temperature-sensitive driver part is at least 1 temperature-sensitive drive link, one end of described temperature-sensitive drive link is fixed, the other end is connected with described driven plunger, and described temperature control parts are electrically connected to described temperature-sensitive drive link.

3. the self clamping device expanded based on the thermic line as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described temperature-sensitive driver part is the hollow and thin-walled pipe, described hollow and thin-walled pipe inboard is provided with semiconductor heating/cooling module, one end of described hollow and thin-walled pipe is fixed, and the other end is connected with described driven plunger.

4. the self clamping device expanded based on the thermic line as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, the junction of described hollow and thin-walled pipe and described driven plunger is provided with heat insulating mattress.

5. the self clamping device expanded based on the thermic line as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, on described temperature-sensitive driver part, is provided with the temperature sensor be electrically connected to described control device.

6. the self clamping device expanded based on the thermic line as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, be provided with temperature controller on described semiconductor heating/cooling module, described temperature controller is electrically connected to described control device.

7. the self clamping device expanded based on the thermic line as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described self clamping device also comprises that described pressure transducer is electrically connected to described control device for detection of the pressure transducer of liquid pressure in described output piston rodless cavity.

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