CN203339303U - Antenna with multiple directional-diagram reconstructible features - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an antenna with multiple directional-diagram reconstructible features. The antenna is characterized in that metal pasters are used as a radiation unit or the ground by controlling PIN diodes loaded between the pasters and a grounding metal strip in a capacitive coupling feed manner, thereby enabling the antenna to possess omnidirectional scanning or horizontal omnidirectional radiation features. The antenna comprises the radiation unit, a pedestal and a feed network. The PIN diodes control connection and disconnection between the pasters and the ground, thereby realizing multiple reconstructible features as horizontal scanning and omnidirectional radiation of radiated wave beams. The antenna with multiple directional-diagram reconstructible features has the advantages including small scan stepping, high gain, novel design ideas and simple feed network, and can be widely applied to the fields such as a novel wireless communication system and a wireless tracking and positioning system.

Description

A kind of directional diagram has the antenna of multiple restructural characteristic

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of reconfigurable antenna, relates in particular to the antenna that a kind of directional diagram has multiple restructural characteristic.

Background technology

Reconfigurable antenna is the advanced subject of current field of antenna research, is also the developing direction of following antenna.Fast development along with wireless communication system, the design of antenna system need to meet the requirements such as high channel capacity, high transfer rate, for complexity, simplification electromagnetic environment, the energy savings that reduces system, often require an antenna to there is multiple different mode of operation, and can be switched between different mode easily.Directional diagram reconstructable aerial is a large research direction of reconfigurable antenna, scanning by directional diagram, rotation etc. can concentrate on electromagnetic energy needs the scope covered, can realize energy and space resources effective utilization, improve system gain, can improve again communications security, avoid noise jamming, therefore, directional diagram reconstructable aerial is the focus of reconfigurable antenna research.

The method that realizes directional diagram reconstructable mainly contains two kinds of mechanical scanning and electric scannings, and mechanical scanning is by mechanical control antenna, to be rotated mobilely etc., and this method needs complicated control system, and cost is higher and be unfavorable for the miniaturization of system; The most frequently used method of electric scanning is to adopt phased array antenna, yet phased array antenna is subject to again the restriction of scanning angle and needs the complicated feeding network of design.Therefore, realize that by simple control circuit omnidirectional's scanning of directional diagram becomes the difficult point of directional diagram reconstructable aerial.

The advantages such as PIN diode has to be convenient to control, cheap, existing many scientific research personnel are applied in the design of directional diagram reconstructable aerial both at home and abroad.Select surface as people's proportions such as Mahmoud Niroo Jazi and surround a cylindrical outside that is wrapped in dipole antenna, load PIN diode on the resonant element of frequency-selective surfaces, by controlling the break-make of PIN diode, can regulate its resonance frequency, thereby go out the Electromgnetically-transparent window at the directional structure vectorical structure that needs radiation, be equivalent to reflecting surface in the direction that does not need radiation and [see N. Jazi, T. A. Denidni, " Agile Radiation-pattern Antenna Based on Active Cylindrical Frequency Selective Surfaces, " IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 9, 2010.], but this method needs the PIN diode of a greater number, and feeding network more complicated.The people such as Xiaotao Cai adopts the six wave beam omnidirectional reconfigurable antennas that planar structure realizes for another example, by PIN diode, select the minor matters of different directions to carry out radiation [X. T. Cai, A. G. Wang, N. Ma, W. Leng, " A Novel Planar Parasitic Array Antenna with Reconfigurable Azimuth Pattern; " IEEE IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 11,2012], yet it can only be to the six direction radiation, and scanning accuracy is not high, gain also only has 4 dB.The utility model has proposed micro-strip paster antenna paster and the interchangeable concept in ground first, and designs thus directional diagram omnidirectional reconfigurable antenna.Because the utility model is designed based on micro-strip paster antenna, radiating element gain than the monopole adopted in existing document or dipole form is higher, the related antenna of the utility model has multiple-working mode simultaneously, scanning accuracy and flexibility have been improved, have simultaneously feeding classification simple, the advantages such as be convenient to control, low-cost, there is important application prospect.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is to provide the antenna that a kind of directional diagram has multiple restructural characteristic.Possesses the reconfigurable while of directional diagram omnidirectional on performance, can also improve as required scanning accuracy and multiple-working mode, and control and feeding network are fairly simple, to overcome, conventional omni-directional wave beam reconfigurable antenna feed structure is complicated, limited, the shortcoming such as scanning accuracy is not enough gains.

The technical scheme that realizes the utility model purpose is: a kind of directional diagram has the antenna of multiple restructural characteristic, comprises radiating element, base and feeding network; Described radiating element is natural number by being printed on equally distributed N(N on substrate, and N >=2) individual rectangle microband paste, be distributed in grounded metal bar and 2N PIN diode formation around microband paste; Microband paste, bonding jumper all is attached on the outer surface of medium substrate, medium substrate is end to end surround one cylindrical, and microband paste has identical width with the gap between the grounded metal bar; The anodic bonding of PIN diode is connected on the centre on the narrow limit of microband paste, and cathode weld is on the grounded metal bar; Described base is a round-meshed rosette in centre, and this disk is positioned at grounded metal bar below, and welds together with the grounded metal bar; Described feeding network comprises DC control circuit, metal cylinder piece and coaxial line; DC control circuit is connected to each microband paste by DC wire PIN diode is controlled; The metal cylinder piece is positioned at the inside of radiating element, and with the central axes of radiating element; The impedance of coaxial line is 50 ohm, and its outer conductor and base lower surface weld together, and inner wire is connected with the metal cylinder piece through the circular hole of base central authorities.

Compared with prior art, the utlity model has following advantage:

(1) the utlity model has multiple directional diagram reconstructable characteristic.The related antenna of the utility model has several working ways, the paster of any amount and position combines and can construct a kind of working method: as single paster as radiating element, during other paster ground connection, beam position has N optional radiation direction; Two adjacent patch are as radiating element, and during other paster ground connection, beam position, in the middle of two pasters, has other N optional radiation direction; All pasters are during all as radiating element, and antenna is horizontal omnidirectional radiation etc.

(2) the utility model scanning stepping is little and can reduce as required the stepping angle.While adopting N paster, the related antenna of the utility model has 2 ⁿplant working method, if increase the quantity of paster, can obtain more working method.

(3) the utlity model has the advantage of high-gain.As the situation for six pasters, during single paster work, antenna gain is 7.60 dB; During two adjacent patch work, antenna gain is 8.79 dB; During all paster work, antenna gain is 2.93 dB etc.

(4) the utlity model has the advantage that feeding network is simple, be convenient to control.Owing to adopting paster and ground restructural but not the restructural of feeding network is realized scanning, therefore can adopt simple feeding network design.And PIN diode directly is welded between paster and ground, does not need the additional designs DC bias circuit, has reduced the processed complex degree.

The purpose of this utility model, feature and advantage, in connection with embodiment, are made following further instruction with reference to accompanying drawing.

The accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the structural representation that the utility model directional diagram has multiple restructural characteristic antenna

Fig. 2 is the reflection coefficient S of the utility model antenna structure ₁₁the amplitude simulation result

Fig. 3 is the E face Direction Pattern Simulation result of the utility model antenna structure under three kinds of working methods

Embodiment

Referring to Fig. 1, the utility model radiating element adopts the end to end cylinder that surrounds high 57.4 mm, diameter 90 mm of domestic F4B substrate, and internal surface of column is dielectric layer, and outer surface is uniformly distributed N=6 rectangular patch copper layer (P ₁, P ₂, P ₃, P ₄, P ₅, P ₆), high 45 mm of each rectangular patch, wide 35.3 mm, with the substrate base back gauge be 6.2 mm, adjacent two pasters are at a distance of 11.7 mm.Between adjacent two pasters, be distributed with for making the bonding jumper of PIN diode ground connection between lower limb on paster and substrate, wide 5.5 mm of bonding jumper between two pasters, with the distance of two pasters, equate, the bonding jumper on paster and substrate between bottom is wide is 5.4 mm.For one of above-mentioned rectangular patch (as P ₁), PIN diode (PIN ₁₁) an end be welded on substrate lower limb bonding jumper, the other end is welded in the middle of this rectangular patch lower limb, PIN diode (PIN ₁₂) an end be welded in the middle of this rectangular patch top edge, the other end is welded on substrate top edge bonding jumper.Above-mentioned six each pasters of paster weld two PIN diode in an identical manner, and whole radiating element needs 2N=12 PIN diode altogether.

Base 2 is 90 mm by a diameter, the rosette that center cuts out the circular hole that diameter is 2.3 mm forms, radiating element is placed on this disk, bonding jumper and this rosette on radiating element substrate base weld together, thereby rosette plays a supporting role to radiating element, be again the reference ground of whole antenna simultaneously.

High 35 mm that feeding network employing aluminium block is made, the cylinder 321 of diameter 66 mm, and be connected with feed coaxial line 322 inner wires, this cylinder 321 is positioned at the inside of radiating element, the central axes of cylinder and coaxial line, alternating-current feeding network cylindrical wall is parallel with paster 11, thereby form a coupling capacitance between double layer of metal, reach the purpose of coupling feed; The edge of coaxial line 322 outer conductors and base central metal circular hole links together simultaneously, thereby is connected with the ground of antenna system, and the base of cylinder 321 is 10 mm apart from the height of base 2.

Fig. 2 is reflection coefficient S of the present utility model ₁₁the amplitude simulation result.By reflection coefficient S ₁₁the amplitude simulation result can find out that this operating frequency of antenna is 2.4 GHz, reflection coefficient S ₁₁be less than-10 dB.

Fig. 3 is the E surface radiation Direction Pattern Simulation result of the utility model antenna structure under three kinds of mode of operations.Paster and ground conducting during the conducting simultaneously of two PIN diode on same paster, the operating state of this paster is designated as 0, and when above-mentioned two PIN diode disconnect simultaneously, paster disconnects with ground, and the operating state of paster is designated as 1.The E surface radiation Direction Pattern Simulation result that solid line is operating state 100000, its peak gain is 7.60 dB, the E surface radiation Direction Pattern Simulation result that chain-dotted line is operating state 000110, its peak gain is 8.79 dB, the E surface radiation Direction Pattern Simulation result that dotted line is operating state 111111, its gain is 2.93 dB.

Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that, embodiment described here is in order to help reader understanding's principle of the present utility model, should be understood to that protection range of the present utility model is not limited to such special statement and embodiment.Those of ordinary skill in the art can make various do not break away from other various concrete distortion and combinations of the present utility model according to disclosed these technology enlightenments of the utility model, and these distortion and combination are still in protection range of the present utility model.

Claims (1)

1. the antenna that directional diagram has multiple restructural characteristic, comprise radiating element, base (2) and feeding network, it is characterized in that: described radiating element is natural number by being printed on equally distributed N(N on substrate, and N >=2) individual rectangle microband paste (11), be distributed in grounded metal bar (12) and 2N PIN diode (13) formation around microband paste; Microband paste (11), bonding jumper (12) all is attached on the outer surface of medium substrate, medium substrate is end to end surround one cylindrical, and microband paste (11) has identical width with the gap between grounded metal bar (12); The anodic bonding of PIN diode (13) is connected on the centre on the narrow limit of microband paste (11), and cathode weld is on grounded metal bar (12); Described base (2) is a round-meshed rosette in centre, and this disk is positioned at grounded metal bar (12) below, and welds together with grounded metal bar (12); Described feeding network comprises DC control circuit (31), metal cylinder piece (321) and coaxial line (322); DC control circuit (31) is connected to each microband paste (11) by DC wire PIN diode (13) is controlled; Metal cylinder piece (321) is positioned at the inside of radiating element, and with the central axes of radiating element; The impedance of coaxial line (322) is 50 ohm, and its outer conductor and base (2) lower surface welds together, and inner wire is connected with metal cylinder piece (321) through the circular hole of base (2) central authorities.

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