CN203324732U - Single chip microcomputer control time delay relay - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a single chip microcomputer control time delay relay. A circuit comprises a power supply voltage stabilizing circuit, a reset circuit, a single chip microcomputer and an output circuit. The reset circuit comprises resistors R3, R4 and R5, a triode V4 and a voltage stabilizer tube V3. One end of the resistor R3 and an emitting electrode of the triode V4 are connected with a power supply anode terminal of the single chip microcomputer. The other end of the resistor R3 and one end of the resistor R4 are connected with a base electrode of the triode V4. The other end of the resistor R4 is connected with a cathode of the voltage stabilizer tube V3. An anode of the voltage stabilizer tube V3 and one end of the resistor R5 are connected with a power supply cathode terminal of the single chip microcomputer. The other end of the resistor R5 and a collector electrode of the triode V4 are connected with a reset terminal of the single chip microcomputer. According to the utility model, a reset threshold is arranged on the reset terminal of the single chip microcomputer so that the relay is not interfered by slow power on and instant shake off generated when a power supply is started during application and is not influenced by slow power down and an interference source of a residual voltage when the power supply is closed.

Description

Single chip microcomputer control time delay relay

technical field

The utility model relates to a time-delay relay, in particular to a single-chip microcomputer-controlled time-delay relay.

Background technique

In the past ten years, my country's electronic products, especially aerospace, national defense, and communications, have developed rapidly, and have higher requirements for the quality and reliability of components. As a component with high precision for time control, the single-chip microcomputer-controlled delay relay must have high application reliability in order to meet the needs of aerospace and national defense models. The reset of the single-chip microcomputer in the time-delay relay controlled by the existing single-chip microcomputer generally adopts the resistance-capacitance reset (RC mode), that is, the resistance and the capacitance are connected in series, and the connection point of the resistance and the capacitance is connected with the reset terminal (RESET) of the single-chip microcomputer. The characteristics of discharge keep the reset terminal (RESET) low to reset the microcontroller. However, in the whole system or equipment, due to the slow power-on process of the power supply, the slow power-off when the power is turned off, the residual voltage and other interference sources, there is an impact on the reliability of the delay relay controlled by the single-chip microcomputer. Therefore, it is necessary to design and apply a single-chip microcomputer-controlled time-delay relay with higher reliability.

Utility model content

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a high-reliability single-chip microcomputer-controlled time-delay relay.

In order to solve the above problems, the utility model is achieved through the following schemes:

A single-chip microcomputer-controlled time-delay relay, including a body circuit, and its body circuit is mainly composed of a power supply voltage stabilization circuit, a reset circuit, a single-chip microcomputer and an output circuit; the above-mentioned power supply voltage stabilization circuit is connected to the positive and negative terminals of the power supply of the single-chip microcomputer, and the reset circuit is connected to At the reset terminal of the microcontroller, the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the power supply, the output circuit is connected to the drive signal output terminal of the microcontroller and the positive terminal of the power supply; the input terminal of the power supply voltage stabilization circuit forms the input terminal of the body circuit, and the output terminal of the output circuit forms the body circuit The output end of the output terminal; the reset circuit includes resistors R3, R4, R5, triode V4, and voltage regulator tube V3; one end of the resistor R3, the emitter of the triode V4 are connected to the positive terminal of the power supply of the single-chip microcomputer; the other end of the resistor R3, One end of the resistor R4 is connected to the base of the triode V4; the other end of the resistor R4 is connected to the negative pole of the voltage regulator tube V3; the positive pole of the voltage regulator tube V3 and one end of the resistor R5 are connected to the negative terminal of the power supply of the microcontroller; the resistor R5 The other end of the triode, the collector of the triode V4 is connected with the reset end of the microcontroller.

In the above scheme, the power supply voltage stabilizing circuit includes resistors R1, R2, capacitors C1, C2, diode V1 and voltage regulator tube V2; after resistor R2, capacitor C1, and capacitor C2 are connected in parallel, they are connected to the voltage regulator tube V2 Both ends of the positive and negative poles; the negative pole of the regulator tube V2 is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply of the microcontroller, the positive pole of the regulator tube V2 is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply of the microcontroller; one end of the resistor R1 is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply of the microcontroller, and the resistor R1 The other end is connected to the positive pole of the diode V1, the negative pole of the diode V1 forms the negative pole of the input terminal of the main body circuit, and the negative pole of the voltage regulator tube V2 forms the positive pole of the input terminal of the main body circuit.

In the above scheme, the output circuit can include resistors R6, R7, field effect transistor V6, diode V5, and electromagnetic relay K; one end of resistor R6 is connected to the drive signal output terminal of the single-chip microcomputer, the other end of resistor R6, one end of resistor R7 It is connected to the gate of the field effect transistor V6; the other end of the resistor R7 and the source of the field effect transistor V6 are connected to the positive terminal of the power supply of the microcontroller; the drain of the field effect transistor V6 is connected to the negative pole of the diode V5, and the positive pole of the diode V5 Connect the positive pole of the diode V1; the input circuit of the electromagnetic relay K is connected to the positive and negative poles of the diode V5, and the output circuit of the electromagnetic relay K forms the output end of the body circuit.

In the above scheme, the output circuit can also include resistors R6, R7, and a field effect transistor V6; one end of the resistor R6 is connected to the drive signal output terminal of the single-chip microcomputer, the other end of the resistor R6, one end of the resistor R7 and the field effect transistor V6 The grid is connected; the other end of the resistor R7 and the source of the field effect transistor V6 are connected to the positive terminal of the power supply of the microcontroller; the source and drain of the field effect transistor V6 form the output end of the body circuit.

In the above solution, the rated working voltage of the regulator tube V3 is slightly lower than or equal to the minimum working voltage of the single-chip microcomputer. The rated working voltage of the regulator tube V2 is slightly greater than or equal to the rated working voltage of the single-chip microcomputer.

The working principle of the utility model is: a reset threshold is set at the reset end of the single-chip microcomputer, and the opening value of the threshold of the reset circuit is slightly higher than the minimum working voltage of the single-chip microcomputer. When the working voltage is added to the input terminal, the power supply voltage stabilization circuit performs voltage stabilization, and the power supply terminal of the single-chip microcomputer has a voltage, which is the same as the voltage of the voltage stabilization circuit. Due to the phenomenon of slow power-on of the power supply, when the working voltage of the single-chip microcomputer reaches the minimum working voltage of the single-chip microcomputer but does not reach the threshold set by the threshold reset circuit, the reset terminal is a low-level signal, and the single-chip microcomputer enters and maintains the reset state to ensure reliable reset of the single-chip microcomputer; When the voltage of the voltage stabilizing circuit rises above the threshold voltage, the threshold circuit is turned on, the reset terminal becomes high level, and the reset signal ends. And when the power supply drops below the threshold voltage and higher than the minimum operating voltage of the single-chip microcomputer during the power-off process, the single-chip microcomputer enters the reset state.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model is not affected by the interference of slow power-on and instantaneous shake-off when the power is turned on, nor is it affected by the interference source of slow power-off and residual voltage when the power is turned off in the whole system or equipment , has the characteristics of high working reliability.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single-chip microcomputer-controlled time-delay relay.

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the circuit of the delay relay controlled by the single-chip microcomputer of the first embodiment.

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the circuit of the delay relay controlled by the single-chip microcomputer in the second embodiment.

Detailed ways

Embodiment one:

A single-chip microcomputer-controlled delay relay, as shown in Figure 1, is mainly composed of a housing, a single-chip microcomputer-controlled time-delay relay circuit 1, a printed board assembly 2 and a bracket base assembly 3 arranged inside the housing. In this single-chip microcomputer control time-delay relay, its single-chip microcomputer control time-delay relay circuit 1 is the core of the utility model, which is mainly composed of a power supply voltage stabilizing circuit, a reset circuit, a single-chip microcomputer and an output circuit. The above-mentioned power supply voltage stabilizing circuit is connected to the positive terminal and negative terminal of the power supply of the single-chip microcomputer, the reset circuit is connected to the reset terminal of the single-chip microcomputer, the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the power supply, and the output circuit is connected to the driving signal output terminal of the single-chip microcomputer and the positive terminal of the power supply. The input end of the power supply voltage stabilizing circuit forms the input end of the body circuit, and the output end of the output circuit forms the output end of the body circuit.

The above power supply voltage stabilization circuit includes resistors R1, R2, capacitors C1, C2, diode V1 and voltage regulator tube V2; resistor R2, capacitor C1, and capacitor C2 are connected in parallel to the positive and negative terminals of the voltage regulator tube V2 ; The negative pole of the regulator tube V2 is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply of the microcontroller, and the positive pole of the regulator tube V2 is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply of the microcontroller; one end of the resistor R1 is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply of the microcontroller, and the other end of the resistor R1 is connected to the diode V1 The positive pole of the diode V1 forms the negative pole of the input terminal of the body circuit, and the negative pole of the Zener diode V2 forms the positive pole of the input terminal of the body circuit. In the selection of the regulator tube V2, the rated working voltage of the regulator tube V2 is required to be slightly greater than or equal to the rated working voltage of the single-chip microcomputer.

The above-mentioned reset circuit includes resistors R3, R4, R5, triode V4, and voltage regulator tube V3; one end of resistor R3, the emitter of transistor V4 are connected to the positive end of the power supply of the single-chip microcomputer; the other end of resistor R3, one end of resistor R4 are connected to The base of the transistor V4 is connected; the other end of the resistor R4 is connected to the negative pole of the voltage regulator tube V3; the positive pole of the voltage regulator tube V3 and one end of the resistor R5 are connected to the negative terminal of the power supply of the microcontroller; the other end of the resistor R5, the triode The collector of V4 is connected with the reset terminal of the one-chip computer. In the selection of the voltage regulator tube V3, the rated working voltage of the voltage regulator tube V3 is required to be slightly less than or equal to the minimum working voltage of the single-chip microcomputer.

The above-mentioned single-chip microcomputer adopts the currently commonly used single-chip microcomputer IC chip and its peripheral circuits to form.

The above-mentioned output circuit includes resistors R6, R7, and a field effect transistor V6; one end of the resistor R6 is connected to the drive signal output terminal of the microcontroller, and the other end of the resistor R6 and one end of the resistor R7 are connected to the grid of the field effect transistor V6; the resistor R7 The other end of the field effect transistor V6 is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply of the microcontroller; the source and drain of the field effect transistor V6 form the output end of the body circuit. See Figure 2.

The working principle of the first embodiment is as follows:

When no voltage is applied to the input terminal, the power supply voltage stabilization circuit has no voltage, so the threshold reset circuit does not work, the single-chip microcomputer delay control circuit cannot work, the field effect tube V6 is blocked, and there is no output. When the voltage is applied to the input terminal, the power supply voltage stabilization circuit starts to stabilize the voltage. When the voltage value of the voltage stabilization circuit does not reach the opening threshold value of the threshold reset circuit, the microcontroller resets. When the voltage of the voltage stabilization circuit reaches the opening threshold of the threshold reset circuit When the limit value is reached, the microcontroller completes the reset and starts to run the delay program. When the set delay time is up, the single-chip microcomputer outputs a driving signal to cause the field effect transistor V6 to turn on and output.

When the power supply voltage is removed from the input terminal, the field effect transistor V6 has no output, and when the power supply drops below the threshold voltage and is higher than the minimum operating voltage of the microcontroller, the microcontroller enters the reset state. At the end, the microcontroller stops working.

Embodiment two:

Embodiment 2 is generally the same as Embodiment 1, except that the output circuit of Embodiment 2 is different from that of Embodiment 1, that is, the output circuit of Embodiment 1 uses field effect transistors to realize electrical isolation, and the output circuit of Embodiment 2 The output circuit adopts field effect transistors and electromagnetic relays. In addition to the electrical isolation of the field effect transistors, it also has the physical isolation of the electromagnetic relays. Therefore, the isolation effect of the second embodiment is better than that of the first embodiment.

In the second embodiment, the output circuit includes resistors R6, R7, field effect transistor V6, diode V5, and electromagnetic relay K; one end of resistor R6 is connected to the drive signal output terminal of the single-chip microcomputer, the other end of resistor R6, resistor R7 One end of the resistor R7 is connected to the gate of the field effect transistor V6; the other end of the resistor R7, the source of the field effect transistor V6 is connected to the positive end of the power supply of the microcontroller; the drain of the field effect transistor V6 is connected to the negative pole of the diode V5, and the diode V5 The positive pole of the diode V1 is connected to the positive pole of the diode V1; the input circuit of the electromagnetic relay K is connected to the positive and negative poles of the diode V5, and the output circuit of the electromagnetic relay K forms the output terminal of the body circuit. See Figure 3.

The working principle of the second embodiment is as follows:

When no voltage is applied to the input terminal, the power supply voltage stabilization circuit has no voltage, so the threshold reset circuit does not work, the MCU delay control circuit does not work, the field effect tube V6 does not work, the electromagnetic relay K does not work, and the output contact remains in the initial state (moving The closed contact is normally open, and the normally closed contact is normally closed). When the voltage is applied to the input terminal, the power supply voltage stabilization circuit starts to stabilize the voltage. When the voltage value of the voltage stabilization circuit does not reach the opening threshold value of the threshold reset circuit, the microcontroller resets. When the voltage of the voltage stabilization circuit reaches the opening threshold of the threshold reset circuit When the limit value is reached, the microcontroller completes the reset and starts to run the delay program. When the set delay time is up, the single-chip microcomputer outputs the driving signal to cause the field effect transistor V6 to conduct, the electromagnetic relay K coil is energized to work, and the output circuit contact is closed and output (the moving contact is closed, the normally closed contact is open ).

The input terminal removes the power supply voltage, the electromagnetic relay K coil loses power, the electromagnetic relay has no output, the circuit contacts return to the initial state (the moving contact is disconnected, the normally closed contact is closed), and the power supply drops below the threshold voltage and is higher than the microcontroller. When the minimum working voltage of the single chip microcomputer enters the reset state, when the power supply of the voltage stabilizing circuit drops below the minimum working voltage of the single chip microcomputer, the reset ends and the single chip microcomputer stops working.

Claims (6)

1. the Single-chip Controlling timing relay, comprise the body circuit, and its body main circuit will be comprised of power supply stabilization circuit, reset circuit, single-chip microcomputer and output circuit; Above-mentioned power supply stabilization circuit is connected to power positive end and the negative pole end of single-chip microcomputer, and reset circuit is connected to reset terminal, power positive end and the negative pole end of single-chip microcomputer, and output circuit is connected to driving signal output part and the power positive end of single-chip microcomputer; The input end of power supply stabilization circuit forms the input end of body circuit, and the output terminal of output circuit forms the output terminal of body circuit; It is characterized in that:

Described reset circuit comprises resistance R 3, R4, R5, triode V4, and stabilivolt V3; One end of resistance R 3, the emitter of triode V4 are connected with the power positive end of single-chip microcomputer; One end of the other end of resistance R 3, resistance R 4 is connected with the base stage of triode V4; The other end of resistance R 4 is connected with the negative pole of stabilivolt V3; One end of the positive pole of stabilivolt V3, resistance R 5 extremely is connected with the power-of single-chip microcomputer; The collector of the other end of resistance R 5, triode V4 is connected with the reset terminal of single-chip microcomputer.

2. Single-chip Controlling timing relay according to claim 1 is characterized in that:

The rated operational voltage of described stabilivolt V3 is less than or equal to the minimum operating voltage of single-chip microcomputer.

3. Single-chip Controlling timing relay according to claim 1 is characterized in that:

Described power supply stabilization circuit comprises resistance R 1, R2, capacitor C 1, C2, diode V1 and stabilivolt V2; After resistance R 2, capacitor C 1, capacitor C 2 threes are in parallel, be connected on positive pole and the negative pole two ends of stabilivolt V2; The negative pole of stabilivolt V2 is connected with the power positive end of single-chip microcomputer, and the positive pole of stabilivolt V2 extremely is connected with the power-of single-chip microcomputer; The power-of one end connection single-chip microcomputer of resistance R 1 is extreme, and the other end of resistance R 1 connects the positive pole of diode V1, and the negative pole of diode V1 forms the input cathode of body circuit, and the negative pole of stabilivolt V2 forms the input anode of body circuit.

4. Single-chip Controlling timing relay according to claim 3 is characterized in that:

The rated operational voltage of described stabilivolt V2 is more than or equal to the rated operational voltage of single-chip microcomputer.

5. Single-chip Controlling timing relay according to claim 3 is characterized in that:

Described output circuit comprises resistance R 6, R7, field effect transistor V6, diode V5 and electromagnetic relay K; One end of resistance R 6 connects the driving signal output part of single-chip microcomputer, and an end of the other end of resistance R 6, resistance R 7 is connected with the grid of field effect transistor V6; The other end of resistance R 7, the source electrode of field effect transistor V6 are connected with the power positive end of single-chip microcomputer; The drain electrode of field effect transistor V6 connects the negative pole of diode V5, the positive pole of the cathode connecting diode V1 of diode V5; The input circuit of electromagnetic relay K is connected on the both positive and negative polarity of diode V5, and the output loop of electromagnetic relay K forms the output terminal of body circuit.

6. Single-chip Controlling timing relay according to claim 1 is characterized in that:

Described output circuit comprises resistance R 6, R7 and field effect transistor V6; One end of resistance R 6 connects the driving signal output part of single-chip microcomputer, and an end of the other end of resistance R 6, resistance R 7 is connected with the grid of field effect transistor V6; The other end of resistance R 7, the source electrode of field effect transistor V6 are connected with the power positive end of single-chip microcomputer; The source electrode of field effect transistor V6 and drain electrode form the output terminal of body circuit.

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