A kind of temperature-rise test device of sealed double-row angular contact ball bearing
Technical field:
The utility model belongs to the bearing test equipment technical field, relates to a kind of temperature-rise test device of sealed double-row angular contact ball bearing, is used for the temperature rise test of sealed double-row angular contact ball bearing, can realize test figure consistance, repeatability and reliability.
Background technology:
Double-row angular contact bal bearing can bear larger radial and axial joint load and moment load, and two square shafts of restrictive axes, to displacement, are mainly used in the parts of restrictive axes and the displacement of shell bi-directional axial; Compare with single-row angular contact ball bearing, double-row angular contact bal bearing has better rigidity, can bear upsetting moment, bearing is Nonseparation, be applicable to the application scenario that high rigidity requires, often be used in the fields such as lathe, machinery, automobile, the temperature rise meeting of bearing produces certain influence to associated mechanical or parts, particularly the lubricated of bearing had an immense impact on, thus the life-span of shortening bearing.The sealed double-row angular contact ball bearing is compared with seal deep groove ball bearing, and bearing arrangement is different: the first, and seal deep groove ball bearing is a row steel ball, the sealed double-row angular contact ball bearing is two row steel balls; The second, the seal deep groove ball bearing steel ball contacts with raceway groove is vertical, and sealed double-row angular contact ball bearing steel ball and raceway groove be in contacts side surfaces, with vertical direction, is the angle of certain precision, and the contact point of two row steel balls and center line symmetrical.Temperature rise test for seal deep groove ball bearing, test unit and test method that comparative maturity has been arranged at present, stipulated the temperature-raising experimental method of seal deep groove ball bearing in industry standard JB/T8571-2008 " the rolling bearing seal deep groove ball bearing prevents dust, leaks fat, temperature rise performance test code ", but this standard has only been listed testing requirements and acceptance criteria, there is no the concrete regulation test unit, and seal deep groove ball bearing temperature-rise test device and method are unsuitable for also the temperature rise of sealed double-row angular contact ball bearing is studied.
Bearing temperature rise test unit of the prior art is when carrying out sealed double-row angular contact ball bearing temperature rise test, there is following shortcoming: first, can not make two row steel ball uniform stresseds, always present a row steel ball stressed large, the one stressed little situation of row steel ball, and not of uniform size the causing of shaft strength will cause temperature rise inhomogeneous, cause test findings inaccurate, and two row steel balls are stressed under high-speed case inconsistently also can cause steel ball motion inconsistent, and the phenomenon such as extra generation is skidded, deflection also exerts an influence to bearing temperature rise; Second, aspect the installation of test bearing, present testing program is to adopt clearance fit between bearing outer ring and stationary housing, also adopt clearance fit between bearing inner race and installation mandrel, although this scheme makes the test unit installation and removal more for convenience, but shortcoming is the inner ring of rotation and meeting generation crawl between mandrel is installed, and causes test bearing to skid and produces amount of heat, affects the test findings of bearing temperature rise; Therefore seek to design a kind of temperature-rise test device that can overcome the sealed double-row angular contact ball bearing of the shortcomings such as the inconsistent and poor reliability of test figure, have good realistic meaning and economic worth.
Summary of the invention:
The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the shortcoming that prior art exists, and seeks to design the temperature-rise test device that a kind of sealed double-row angular contact ball bearing is provided, with consistance and the reliability of warranty test data.
To achieve these goals, the temperature-rise test device agent structure of the utility model design comprises drive motor, drive pulley, small belt pulley, speed probe, driving shaft, control system, main shaft, sleeve, iron plate, test bearing, reinforcing and measurement mechanism, set nut, moves back removing nut, sleeve, body, driving belt, housing and double-screw bolt; On the drive motor output shaft that is connected with control system, drive pulley is installed, drive pulley rotates and passes through to drive belt and drives the small belt pulley rotation, small belt pulley is arranged on the rear end of driving shaft and becomes one to drive the driving shaft rotation, the rear of small belt pulley is installed with speed probe, speed probe detects the tach signal of small belt pulley and is converted to electrical signal transfer in control system, and control system demonstrates the rotating speed of small belt pulley and driving shaft by the signal conversion; Driving shaft is fixedly mounted between test bearing and housing, supported by test bearing, together with the front end of driving shaft is positioned at by precision-fit with main shaft, to guarantee right alignment, the screw thread by driving shaft inside screws both is connected with the screw thread of main shaft right-hand member; The right side of test bearing contacts with the positioning step of main shaft, sleeve is filled in circumferential weld between test bearing and main shaft, the external diameter of sleeve contacts with the internal diameter of test bearing, and the internal diameter tapering of sleeve contacts with the mandrel tapering of main shaft, and with the sleeve jam-pack; The left end of spindle taper mandrel is shaped with screw thread, after the sleeve jam-pack, set nut is aimed at rotation installs with the screw thread of main shaft mandrel left end, until set nut contacts with the left end face of sleeve, sleeve upwards produces acting force in the diameter footpath under the effect of screwing force; Sleeve has long and narrow gap at axial direction, and diametric(al) produces distortion and causes the sleeve inside/outside diameter size to change, and test bearing and main shaft are connected as one; The end contact of the right side of test bearing and sleeve endoporus, use double-screw bolt that sleeve is connected with measurement mechanism with being connected at the external diameter of the sleeve position corresponding with the test bearing center, afterburning main body with measurement mechanism is S type sensor, one end of S type sensor is fixedly connected with an end of double-screw bolt, the other end of double-screw bolt is connected with the nut on body, fastening nut produces and moves axially by screw thread and double-screw bolt, pull S type sensor distortion afterburning and measurement mechanism, the radial force F that distortion produces is test load; The top of sleeve fixedly is shaped with L shaped iron plate, and iron plate one end is fixedly connected with sleeve, and the heat that the sleeve inner test bearing distributes is delivered on iron plate, and iron plate is used for measures ambient temperature.
The drive motor that the utility model relates to is selected the ac variable frequency speed regulation motor, and its rotating speed is regulated by the frequency converter in control system, to realize stepless speed regulation; The left end of main shaft is the cone of external diameter with tapering, and the tapering of cone is identical with the tapering of sleeve endoporus, and the external diameter of sleeve and the endoporus of test bearing are measure-alike; Test bearing is relevant with the screwing force on set nut with the firm degree that main shaft connects, and by the screw-down torque of controlling set nut, controls screwing force, uses dial torque wrench to measure to determine the screw-down torque in different temperature rise tests to screw-down torque; Carry out on the iron plate of the selection of measuring point of environment temperature in the scope of radius 100~200mm around test bearing; The external diameter of test bearing matches so that mount and dismount with the interior interporal lacuna of sleeve.
The test method that the utility model relates to comprises arranging under test parameters and starting characteristics test device, initial speed to measure under bearing temperature and environment temperature, rated speed to be measured bearing temperature and environment temperature and dismounting bearing and to measuring temperature statistics, calculates four steps:
(1) test parameters and starting characteristics test device are set: first allow the test bearing in testing at the uniform velocity rotate, rotating speed is 1000~10000r/min, the radial load of confirmed test is 3% of test bearing dynamic load rating, for example the dynamic load rating of model 5203-2RS bearing is 15000N, the radial load of test is set to 15000N * 3%=450N, the dynamic load rating of model 5307-2RS bearing is 52000N, and the radial load of test is set to 52000N * 3%=1560N; Set initial rotating speed and the rated speed of test bearing on control system, rated speed is chosen according to the 75-80% of bearing limit speed, sets initial test period under initial rotating speed; The starting characteristics test device starts initial test, test bearing turns the nut on body after starting rotation, and test bearing is progressively applied radial force F, and adjust at any time the size of radial force F, until the radial load that shows on control system is consistent with the radial load that test arranges;
(2) measure bearing temperature and environment temperature under initial speed: start drive motor until test bearing reaches initial rotating speed, measure in real time the temperature of test bearing at measuring temperature of bearing point under initial speed, measures ambient temperature on iron plate, temperature survey uses infrared sensor to measure, or use patch sensor to measure, if the test bearing temperature rise surpasses specified value, test stops and checks or adjust test unit; , if temperature rise surpasses specified value, after zero-time reaches, by hand or automatically the test bearing adjustment of rotational speed is arrived rated speed;
(3) measure bearing temperature and environment temperature under rated speed: after the test bearing temperature reaches steady state (SS), test bearing is brought up to rated speed, and the radial load of adjusting at any time test bearing within the limits prescribed, every 15min measures the temperature of single test bearing and the environment temperature on the iron plate line item of going forward side by side, the bearing temperature selection of measuring point is measured on the test bearing O-ring seal, perhaps measure on the test bearing external diameter, adopt contact or non-contact measurement, measure in the scope of the selection of measuring point of environment temperature radius 100~200mm around test bearing, or use patch sensor to carry out temperature survey, and control system is set alarm temperature, system automatic alarm and shutting down after surpassing design temperature, and control system records bearing temperature and the environment temperature of measurement automatically simultaneously,
(4) dismounting bearing and to measuring temperature statistics, calculating: after off-test with reinforcing and measurement mechanism dismounting, take off sleeve, unclamp set nut, be installed on the screw thread of sleeve left end moving back removing nut, tighten and move back removing nut it is contacted with the left side of test bearing, continue to tighten retreat removing nut to sleeve produce left acting force so that sleeve be moved to the left, ablation experiment bearing and main shaft gradually, after taking off sleeve, dismantle again test bearing, to realize the undamaged dismounting of test bearing and conveniently to carry out Measurement and analysis; Calculate the mean value of bearing temperature of measurement as bearing temperature, the mean value of environment temperature is as environment temperature, and according to formula: bearing temperature rise=bearing temperature-environment temperature draws test findings.
The utility model compared with prior art, is applicable to the temperature rise test of double-row angular contact bal bearing, can realize that test findings repeats to show, and the test figure consistance is high; Its apparatus structure is simple, and principle is reliable, and experimentation cost is low, and test findings is accurate, and test condition is easily controlled, environmental friendliness.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the agent structure principle schematic of the utility model device.
Fig. 2 is the structural principle schematic diagram of the sealed double-row angular contact ball bearing that relates to of the utility model.
Fig. 3 is the test bearing mounting structure schematic diagram that the utility model relates to.
Embodiment:
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and by embodiment, embodiment of the present utility model is elaborated.
Embodiment:
The agent structure of the present embodiment comprise drive motor 1, drive pulley 2, small belt pulley 3, speed probe 4, driving shaft 5, control system 6, main shaft 7, sleeve 8, iron plate 9, test bearing 10, afterburning with measurement mechanism 11, set nut 12, move back removing nut 13, sleeve 14, body 15, driving belt 16, housing 17 and double-screw bolt 18; On drive motor 1 output shaft that is connected with control system 6, drive pulley 2 is installed, drive pulley 2 rotates and passes through to drive belt 16 and drives small belt pulley 3 rotations, small belt pulley 3 is arranged on the rear end of driving shaft 5 and becomes one to drive driving shaft 5 rotations, the rear of small belt pulley 3 is installed with speed probe 4, speed probe 4 detects the tach signal of small belt pulley 3 and is converted to electrical signal transfer in control system 6, and control system 6 demonstrates the rotating speed of small belt pulley 3 and driving shaft 5 by the signal conversion; Driving shaft 5 is fixedly mounted between test bearing 10 and housing 17, supported by test bearing 10, together with the front end of driving shaft 5 is positioned at by precision-fit with main shaft 7, to guarantee right alignment, the screw thread by driving shaft 5 inside screws both is connected with the screw thread of main shaft 7 right-hand members; The right side of test bearing 10 contacts with the positioning step of main shaft 7, sleeve 14 is filled in circumferential weld between test bearing 10 and main shaft 7, the external diameter of sleeve 14 contacts with the internal diameter of test bearing 10, and the internal diameter tapering of sleeve 14 contacts with the mandrel tapering of main shaft 7, and with sleeve 14 jam-packs; The left end of main shaft 7 tapering mandrels is shaped with screw thread, after sleeve 14 jam-packs, set nut 12 is aimed at rotation installs with the screw thread of main shaft 7 mandrel left ends, until set nut 12 contacts with the left end face of sleeve 14, sleeve 14 upwards produces acting force in the diameter footpath under the effect of screwing force; Sleeve 14 has long and narrow gap at axial direction, and diametric(al) produces distortion and causes sleeve 14 inside/outside diameter sizes to change, and test bearing 10 and main shaft 7 are connected as one; The end contact of the right side of test bearing 10 and sleeve 8 endoporus, use double-screw bolt 18 that sleeve 8 is connected with measurement mechanism 11 with being connected at the external diameter of sleeve 8 position corresponding with test bearing 10 centers, afterburning main body with measurement mechanism 11 is S type sensor, one end of S type sensor is fixedly connected with an end of double-screw bolt 18, the other end of double-screw bolt 18 is connected with the nut on body 15, fastening nut produces and moves axially by screw thread and double-screw bolt 18, pull S type sensor distortion afterburning and measurement mechanism 11, the radial force F that distortion produces is test load; The top of sleeve 8 fixedly is shaped with L shaped iron plate 9, and iron plate 9 one ends are fixedly connected with sleeve 8, and the heat that sleeve 8 closed test bearings 10 distribute is delivered on iron plate 9, and iron plate 9 is used for measures ambient temperature.
The drive motor 1 that relates in the present embodiment is selected the ac variable frequency speed regulation motor, and its rotating speed is regulated by the frequency converter in control system 6, to realize stepless speed regulation; The left end of main shaft 7 is the cone of external diameter with tapering, and the tapering of cone is identical with the tapering of sleeve 14 endoporus, and the endoporus of the external diameter of sleeve 14 and test bearing 10 is measure-alike; Test bearing 10 is relevant with the screwing force on set nut 12 with the firm degree that main shaft 7 connects, and by the screw-down torque of controlling set nut 12, controls screwing force, uses dial torque wrench to measure to determine the screw-down torque in different temperature rise tests to screw-down torque; Carry out on the iron plate 9 of the selection of measuring point of environment temperature in the scope of radius 100~200mm around test bearing 10; The external diameter of test bearing 10 matches so that mount and dismount with the interior interporal lacuna of sleeve 8.
In the present embodiment, the double-row angular contact bal bearing temperature-raising experimental method specifically comprises arranging under test parameters and starting characteristics test device, initial speed to measure under bearing temperature and environment temperature, rated speed and measures bearing temperature and environment temperature and dismounting bearing and to measuring temperature statistics, calculate four steps:
(1) test parameters and starting characteristics test device are set: first allow the test bearing 10 in testing at the uniform velocity rotate, rotating speed is 1000~10000r/min, the radial load of confirmed test is 3% of test bearing 10 dynamic load rating, for example the dynamic load rating of model 5203-2RS bearing is 15000N, the radial load of test is set to 15000N * 3%=450N, the dynamic load rating of model 5307-2RS bearing is 52000N, and the radial load of test is set to 52000N * 3%=1560N; Set initial rotating speed and the rated speed of test bearing 10 on control system 6, rated speed is chosen according to the 75-80% of bearing limit speed, sets initial test period under initial rotating speed; The starting characteristics test device starts initial test, test bearing 10 turns the nut on body 15 after starting rotation, and test bearing 10 is progressively applied radial force F, and adjust at any time the size of radial force F, until the radial load that shows on control system 6 is consistent with the radial load of test setting;
(2) measure bearing temperature and environment temperature under initial speed: start drive motor 1 until test bearing 10 reaches initial rotating speed, measure in real time the temperature of test bearing 10 at measuring temperature of bearing point under initial speed, measures ambient temperature on iron plate 9, temperature survey uses infrared sensor to measure, or use patch sensor to measure, if test bearing 10 temperature rises surpass specified value, test stops and checks or adjust test unit; , if temperature rise surpasses specified value, after zero-time reaches, by hand or automatically test bearing 10 adjustment of rotational speed are arrived rated speed;
(3) measure bearing temperature and environment temperature under rated speed: after test bearing 10 temperature reach steady state (SS), test bearing 10 is brought up to rated speed, and the radial load of adjusting at any time test bearing 10 within the limits prescribed, every 15min measures the temperature of single test bearing 10 and the environment temperature on iron plate 9 line item of going forward side by side, the bearing temperature selection of measuring point is measured on test bearing 10 O-ring seals, perhaps measure on test bearing 10 external diameters, adopt contact or non-contact measurement, the selection of measuring point of environment temperature is measured in the scope of radius 100~200mm around test bearing 10, or use patch sensor to carry out temperature survey, control system 6 is set alarm temperatures, system automatic alarm and shutting down after surpassing design temperature, control system 6 bearing temperature and the environment temperature measured of record automatically simultaneously,
(4) dismounting bearing and to measuring temperature statistics, calculating: after off-test with reinforcing and measurement mechanism 11 dismountings, take off sleeve 8, unclamp set nut 12, be installed on the screw thread of sleeve 14 left ends moving back removing nut 13, tighten and move back removing nut 13 its left side with test bearing 10 is contacted, continue to tighten retreat 13 pairs of sleeves of removing nut 14 produce left acting force so that sleeve 14 be moved to the left, ablation experiment bearing 10 and main shaft 7 gradually, after taking off sleeve 14, dismantle again test bearing 10, to realize the undamaged dismounting of test bearing and conveniently to carry out Measurement and analysis, calculate the mean value of bearing temperature of measurement as bearing temperature, the mean value of environment temperature is as environment temperature, and according to formula: bearing temperature rise=bearing temperature-environment temperature draws test findings.