CN203278727U - Motor speed-regulating system - Google Patents
Motor speed-regulating system Download PDFInfo
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- CN203278727U CN203278727U CN 201320289511 CN201320289511U CN203278727U CN 203278727 U CN203278727 U CN 203278727U CN 201320289511 CN201320289511 CN 201320289511 CN 201320289511 U CN201320289511 U CN 201320289511U CN 203278727 U CN203278727 U CN 203278727U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a motor speed-regulating system. The motor speed-regulating system comprises a single-chip microcomputer, a motor drive circuit, a motor, a transmission mechanism, a grating disc and a speed-measuring photosensitive tube. The single-chip microcomputer generates a drive signal, the drive signal drives the motor to rotate through the motor drive circuit, and the motor drives the grating disc to rotate through the transmission mechanism. One side of the grating disc is provided with a light source, and the other side of the grating disc is provided with the speed-measuring photosensitive tube. Light of the light source can arrive at the speed-measuring photosensitive tube through holes disposed on the grating disc, and an output end of the speed-measuring photosensitive tube is connected to an input end of a timer/counter module of the single-chip microcomputer. Digital gratings are adopted for speed measurement, so a time that the motor can turn a circle can be divided into several portions, and the number of the gratings can be controlled according to an actual speed to achieve the objects of accurate measurement and motor speed control. And, through adoption of the method, the actual scheme is simple to implement and easy to operate. Furthermore, users can control a motor speed and real-timely broadcast the actual speed of the motor through a voice processing circuit and a voice broadcasting circuit.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to motor speed regulation system, relates in particular to the motor speed regulation system of Micro Controller Unit (MCU) driving.
Background technology
Existing motor all adopts single-chip microcomputer to drive usually, so is convenient to motor is controlled, and also facilitates on the other hand system test the speed and regulate and control.And in the process of carrying out electric machine speed regulation, be all that direct rate signal with motor directly feeds back to the control that single-chip microcomputer is realized motor speed usually.This control method control precision is low, also needs in addition complicated feedback circuit to be controlled.Make rate control process relatively complicated.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is, overcomes the above problems, and proposes to export by digital pulse signal the digital feedback of controlling motor rotation, and the method control precision is high, and control method is simple.
Based on above purpose, the technical solution of the utility model is:
Motor speed regulation system, comprise single-chip microcomputer, motor-drive circuit, motor, transmission mechanism, grating disk, described single-chip microcomputer produces and drives signal, rotate through the motor-drive circuit drive motors, motor drives the grating disk by transmission mechanism and rotates, and in a side of grating disk, light source is arranged, the opposite side photosensitive tube that tests the speed, described light source arrives through the hole on the grating disk photosensitive tube that tests the speed, and the output of the photosensitive tube that tests the speed is connected to the input of the Timer/Counter module of single-chip microcomputer.
Described motor is direct current machine, and described single-chip microcomputer also comprises the PWM modulation module, and the output of described PWM modulation module is connected to the input of motor-drive circuit.
Described motor is stepping motor, and described single-chip microcomputer also comprises I/O mouth module, produces the multiphase digital code signal by Single-chip Controlling I/O mouth module, and the output of described I/O mouth module is connected to respectively the heterogeneous input of motor-drive circuit.
Described single-chip microcomputer also comprises comparison circuit and PWM control module, and the output of described comparison circuit is connected to the input of PWM control module, and the output of PWM control module is connected to the input of PWM modulation module.
Described single-chip microcomputer also comprises comparison circuit and I/O mouth control module, and the output of comparison circuit is connected to the input of I/O mouth control module, and the output of I/O mouth control module is connected to the input of I/O mouth module.
Also comprise microphone, speech processing circuit, speech memory, voice broadcast circuit and loud speaker, the output of described microphone is connected to speech processing circuit, the output of described speech processing circuit is connected to single-chip microcomputer, described speech memory is connected with single-chip microcomputer, the output of single-chip microcomputer is connected to the voice broadcast circuit, and the output of voice broadcast circuit is connected to loud speaker.
Beneficial effect:
Owing to adopting digital raster to test the speed, the time that motor can be turned over like this a week is divided into some parts, so just can control according to the rotating speed of reality the quantity of grating, thereby reaches the purpose of accurate measurement, control motor speed.Adopt equally such its practical solution of method simple, easy operating.The user also can realize that motor speed is controlled and the actual speed of real-time broadcasting motor by speech processing circuit and voice broadcast circuit in addition.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic block circuit diagram of the utility model the first embodiment motor speed regulation system;
Fig. 2 is the schematic block circuit diagram of the utility model the second embodiment motor speed regulation system.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, motor speed regulation system, comprise single-chip microcomputer, motor-drive circuit, motor, transmission mechanism, grating disk and the photosensitive tube that tests the speed, described single-chip microcomputer produces and drives signal, rotate through the motor-drive circuit drive motors, motor drives the grating disk by transmission mechanism and rotates, a side at the grating disk has light source, the opposite side photosensitive tube that tests the speed, described light source can arrive the photosensitive tube that tests the speed through the hole on the grating disk, and the output of the photosensitive tube that tests the speed is connected to the input of the Timer/Counter module of single-chip microcomputer.
Based on above circuit, motor generally divides two kinds of direct current machine and stepping motors, adopts respectively different technical schemes according to these two groups of motors.Wherein the first embodiment is: described motor is direct current machine, and described single-chip microcomputer also comprises the PWM modulation module, and the output of described PWM modulation module is connected to the input of motor-drive circuit.the PWM module output PWM ripple that the single-chip microcomputer utilization includes, the PWM ripple is the adjustable square wave of a kind of duty ratio, regulate the duty ratio of waveform, namely regulated the average voltage of waveform, control direct current machine with this PWM ripple by direct current motor drive circuit, the voltage that direct current machine obtains is higher, rotating speed is just faster, otherwise, the voltage that direct current machine obtains is lower, rotating speed is just slower, motor is with running part, the grating disk has been installed on running part, circular one by one perforate is arranged on disk, arrange by circumferential, the perforate that light source emits beam on the grating disk arrives the photosensitive tube that tests the speed, when direct current machine drives the grid disc rotary by running part, grating disk cutting light, the photosensitive tube that tests the speed obtains a series of pulse signals, these pulse signals are by single-chip microcomputer Timer/Counter counting, timer T0 regularly.Obtain dc motor speed computing formula: n=Am/ (N1TN) (rpm)
Wherein: n is dc motor speed, and N is the grid number, and N1 is the T0 interruption times, and m is the umber of pulse that timer T1 records at the appointed time, and T is that timer T0 regularly overflows the time, and A is constant, as 60.
After single-chip microcomputer calculates the rotating speed of actual measurement direct current machine, to survey on the one hand rotating speed reports by the voice broadcast circuit or the liquid crystal display screen demonstration, compare by comparison circuit and default rotating speed on the other hand, if the rotating speed of actual measurement direct current machine is greater than default rotating speed, the PWM control module of single-chip microcomputer is controlled the PWM ripple of PWM module output, makes duty ratio reduce, otherwise, make duty ratio increase, so just consisted of a closed-loop system, rotating speed that can the stable regulation direct current machine.The hardware circuit of above control procedure is as follows: described single-chip microcomputer also comprises comparison circuit and PWM control module, and the output of described comparison circuit is connected to the input of PWM control module, and the output of PWM control module is connected to the input of PWM modulation module.
As shown in Figure 2, the utility model the second embodiment is: described motor is stepping motor, described single-chip microcomputer also comprises I/O (I/O) mouthful module, produce the multiphase digital code signal by Single-chip Controlling I/O mouth module, the output of described I/O mouth module is connected to respectively the heterogeneous input of motor-drive circuit.stepping motor generally is divided into several mutually several bats, and as four phase eight beat, four is A mutually, B, C, D four phases give respectively four to send mutually 1000, 1100, 0100, 0110, 0010, 0011, 0001, 1001, (1 represents high level, 0 represents low level), motor just can rotate, send successively several time intervals shorter, the stepping motor rotating speed is faster, otherwise, send successively several time intervals longer, the stepping motor rotating speed is slower, the Timer/Counter module that the single-chip microcomputer utilization includes, produce regularly, this regularly is used for single-chip microcomputer and send several time intervals, motor is with running part, the grating disk has been installed on running part, circular one by one perforate is arranged on disk, arrange by circumferential, the perforate that light source emits beam on the grating disk arrives the photosensitive tube that tests the speed, when stepping motor drives the grid disc rotary by running part, grating disk cutting light, the photosensitive tube that tests the speed obtains a series of pulse signals, these pulse signals are by single-chip microcomputer Timer/Counter counting, timer T0 regularly.Obtain dc motor speed computing formula: n=Am/ (N1TN) (rpm)
Wherein: n is dc motor speed, and N is the grid number, and N1 is the T0 interruption times, and m is the umber of pulse that timer T1 records at the appointed time, and T is that timer T0 regularly overflows the time, and A is certain constant, as 60.
after single-chip microcomputer calculates the rotating speed of actual measurement stepping motor, to survey on the one hand rotating speed reports by the voice broadcast circuit or the liquid crystal display screen demonstration, compare with default rotating speed by the comparison circuit of single-chip microcomputer on the other hand, if the rotating speed of actual measurement stepping motor is greater than default rotating speed, the I/O mouth control module of the single-chip microcomputer input that is connected to I/O mouth module is controlled and to be sent several time intervals, make and send successively several time intervals to increase, the stepping motor rotating speed is slack-off, otherwise, make and send successively several time intervals to reduce, so just consisted of a closed-loop system, rotating speed that can the stable regulation stepping motor.The hardware circuit of above control procedure is as follows: described single-chip microcomputer also comprises comparison circuit and I/O mouth control module, and the output of comparison circuit is connected to the input of I/O mouth control module, and the output of I/O mouth control module is connected to the input of I/O mouth module.
Based on above technical scheme, the utility model also comprises microphone, speech processing circuit, speech memory, voice broadcast circuit, loud speaker, display, keyboard and power supply, the output of described microphone is connected to speech processing circuit, the output of described speech processing circuit is connected to single-chip microcomputer, described speech memory is connected with single-chip microcomputer, the output of single-chip microcomputer is connected to the voice broadcast circuit, and the output of voice broadcast circuit is connected to loud speaker.The control end of single-chip microcomputer is connected to display.The output of keyboard is connected to single-chip microcomputer.Power supply is powered to each several part.Adopt this technical scheme, system can preset motor speed by voice or keyboard, and will preset motor speed and report by the voice broadcast circuit or the liquid crystal display screen demonstration.In addition, the user can prerecord some rotating speeds commonly used control acoustic informations and be kept in speech memory, in the course of the work, the user is by microphone typing sound, this sound is compared by acoustic information pre-stored in single-chip microcomputer and speech memory, after comparison conforms to after first processing through speech processing circuit, obtain operation implication corresponding to this sound by single-chip microcomputer, motor is carried out rotating speed control.In the Electric Machine Control process, the actual speed of motor also can be transferred the acoustic information of storing in speech memory by single-chip microcomputer, by the voice broadcast circuit through the loud speaker real-time broadcasting.
Claims (6)
1. motor speed regulation system, is characterized in that; Comprise single-chip microcomputer, motor-drive circuit, motor, transmission mechanism, grating disk, described single-chip microcomputer produces and drives signal, rotate through the motor-drive circuit drive motors, motor drives the grating disk by transmission mechanism and rotates, a side at the grating disk has light source, the opposite side photosensitive tube that tests the speed, described light source arrives through the hole on the grating disk photosensitive tube that tests the speed, and the output of the photosensitive tube that tests the speed is connected to the input of the Timer/Counter module of single-chip microcomputer.
2. motor speed regulation system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described motor is direct current machine, and described single-chip microcomputer also comprises the PWM modulation module, the output of described PWM modulation module is connected to the input of motor-drive circuit.
3. motor speed regulation system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described motor is stepping motor, described single-chip microcomputer also comprises I/O mouth module, produce the multiphase digital code signal by Single-chip Controlling I/O mouth module, the output of described I/O mouth module is connected to respectively the heterogeneous input of motor-drive circuit.
4. motor speed regulation system according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described single-chip microcomputer also comprises comparison circuit and PWM control module, the output of described comparison circuit is connected to the input of PWM control module, and the output of PWM control module is connected to the input of PWM modulation module.
5. motor speed regulation system according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described single-chip microcomputer also comprises comparison circuit and I/O mouth control module, the output of comparison circuit is connected to the input of I/O mouth control module, and the output of I/O mouth control module is connected to the input of I/O mouth module.
6. according to claim 1 and 2 or 3 described motor speed regulation systems, it is characterized in that: also comprise microphone, speech processing circuit, speech memory, voice broadcast circuit and loud speaker, the output of described microphone is connected to speech processing circuit, the output of described speech processing circuit is connected to single-chip microcomputer, described speech memory is connected with single-chip microcomputer, the output of single-chip microcomputer is connected to the voice broadcast circuit, and the output of voice broadcast circuit is connected to loud speaker.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201320289511 CN203278727U (en) | 2013-05-24 | 2013-05-24 | Motor speed-regulating system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201320289511 CN203278727U (en) | 2013-05-24 | 2013-05-24 | Motor speed-regulating system |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104373952A (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2015-02-25 | 天津安节特电子仪表有限公司 | Flame monitor |
| CN105048719A (en) * | 2015-08-25 | 2015-11-11 | 石忠 | Opening and closing curtain motor |
| CN105305932A (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2016-02-03 | 珠海格力节能环保制冷技术研究中心有限公司 | Motor speed regulation control method and apparatus, and smoke ventilator |
| CN106788006A (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2017-05-31 | 西京学院 | A kind of DC motor speed-regulating control system and control method based on PI controls |
-
2013
- 2013-05-24 CN CN 201320289511 patent/CN203278727U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104373952A (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2015-02-25 | 天津安节特电子仪表有限公司 | Flame monitor |
| CN105048719A (en) * | 2015-08-25 | 2015-11-11 | 石忠 | Opening and closing curtain motor |
| CN105305932A (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2016-02-03 | 珠海格力节能环保制冷技术研究中心有限公司 | Motor speed regulation control method and apparatus, and smoke ventilator |
| CN105305932B (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2018-09-25 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Electric machine speed regulation control method, device and smoke exhaust ventilator |
| CN106788006A (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2017-05-31 | 西京学院 | A kind of DC motor speed-regulating control system and control method based on PI controls |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20131106 Termination date: 20140524 |