CN110611461B - Brushless direct current motor rotating speed indicating device and indicating method - Google Patents
Brushless direct current motor rotating speed indicating device and indicating method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110611461B CN110611461B CN201910988745.6A CN201910988745A CN110611461B CN 110611461 B CN110611461 B CN 110611461B CN 201910988745 A CN201910988745 A CN 201910988745A CN 110611461 B CN110611461 B CN 110611461B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P23/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by a control method other than vector control
- H02P23/14—Estimation or adaptation of motor parameters, e.g. rotor time constant, flux, speed, current or voltage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
- H02P6/06—Arrangements for speed regulation of a single motor wherein the motor speed is measured and compared with a given physical value so as to adjust the motor speed
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Abstract
The invention discloses a brushless direct current motor rotating speed indicating device and an indicating method, comprising a driving module, a three-phase stator winding of a brushless direct current motor and a controller, wherein the driving module is connected with the three-phase stator winding of the brushless direct current motor; 6 IO interfaces P1-P6 of the controller are respectively connected with 6 grid inputs of the driving module; 6 IO interfaces P7-P12 of the controller send pulses in PWM dead time, change the instantaneous stress condition of the motor rotor, and are used for vibrating and sounding the motor relative to the initial position. The using method comprises the following steps: when the controller controls the rotating speed of the motor through PWM, the invalid PWM time is provided for MOS tube pulses through interfaces P7-P12 of the controller, so that the motor vibrates and sounds; and the longer the PWM invalid time, the wider the pulse provided for the MOS tube, the stronger the motor vibration, the larger the generated sound volume, and then the rotating speed indication function is played.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of brushless direct current motors, and particularly relates to a rotating speed indicating device and a rotating speed indicating method of a brushless direct current motor.
Background
Brushless dc motors have been widely used in recent years, and have the characteristics of simple control, high efficiency, good speed regulation performance, and large output torque. The application and research of the brushless direct current motor are widely regarded in occasions and fields with high requirements on the performance and the control precision of the motor, such as robots, aerospace, precise electronic instruments and equipment, and the like.
At present, for some devices which adopt three-stage rotating speed control like water pumps, fans and the like to operate by direct current motors in the market, the operation state of the brushless direct current motor cannot be judged mostly, and the rotating speed state of the motor cannot be known qualitatively.
In order to solve the problem, the conventional method is to add a sensor on a rotating shaft of a brushless direct current motor to realize speed measurement or paste reflective paper on the rotating shaft and then use a photoelectric speed meter to measure, but the former increases hardware cost, and the latter can bring larger rotating speed measurement errors. And only the brushless direct current motor body is used for vibrating and sounding, so that the state of the rotating speed can be qualitatively determined, and based on the state, the PWM for controlling the motor can be used for sending pulses in the PWM invalid time, changing the tone and the voice frequency of the generated voice, and designing a three-section rotating speed indicating device.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that three-stage rotating speed indication of a brushless direct current motor is difficult in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention discloses a three-stage rotating speed prompting device and an indicating method of a brushless direct current motor, and the specific technical scheme is as follows: a brushless direct current motor rotating speed indicating device comprises a driving module, a three-phase stator winding of a brushless direct current motor and a controller; the driving module is connected with a three-phase stator winding of the brushless direct current motor and is used for driving the motor to rotate and vibrate; 6 IO interfaces P1-P6 of the controller are respectively connected with 6 grid inputs of the driving module and used for sending PWM to the grids of the 6 MOS tubes so that the motor can normally rotate; 6 IO interfaces P7-P12 of the controller send pulses in PWM dead time, change the instantaneous stress condition of the motor rotor, and are used for vibrating and sounding the motor relative to the initial position.
In a further improvement of the invention, the driving module comprises a direct current power supply VDC, a MOS tube S1, a MOS tube S2, a MOS tube S3, a MOS tube S4, a MOS tube S5, a MOS tube S6, a MOS tube S7, a MOS tube S8, a MOS tube S9, a MOS tube S10, a MOS tube S11 and a MOS tube S12; the positive electrode of the direct-current power supply VDC is respectively connected with the drain electrode of the MOS tube S1, the drain electrode of the MOS tube S3, the drain electrode of the MOS tube S5, the drain electrode of the MOS tube S7, the drain electrode of the MOS tube S9 and the drain electrode of the MOS tube S11; the negative electrode of the direct current power supply is respectively connected with the source electrode of the MOS tube S4, the source electrode of the MOS tube S6, the source electrode of the MOS tube S2, the source electrode of the MOS tube S8, the source electrode of the MOS tube S10 and the source electrode of the MOS tube S12; the source electrode of the MOS tube S1, the source electrode of the MOS tube S7, the drain electrode of the MOS tube S4 and the drain electrode of the MOS tube S8 are connected with A in the three-phase stator winding of the brushless direct current motor, the source electrode of the MOS tube S1 is connected with the drain electrode of the MOS tube S4, and the source electrode of the MOS tube S7 is connected with the drain electrode of the MOS tube S8; the source electrode of the MOS tube S3, the drain electrode of the MOS tube S6, the source electrode of the MOS tube S9 and the drain electrode of the MOS tube S10 are connected with B in a three-phase stator winding of the brushless direct current motor, the source electrode of the MOS tube S3 is connected with the drain electrode of the MOS tube S6, and the source electrode of the MOS tube S9 is connected with the drain electrode of the MOS tube S10; the source electrode of the MOS tube S5, the drain electrode of the MOS tube S2, the source electrode of the MOS tube S11 and the drain electrode of the MOS tube S12 are connected with the C in the three-phase stator winding of the brushless direct current motor, the source electrode of the MOS tube S5 is connected with the drain electrode of the MOS tube S2, and the source electrode of the MOS tube S11 is connected with the drain electrode of the MOS tube S12.
In a further development of the invention, the controller comprises: interfaces P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, P7, P8, P9, P10, P11, P12; the gate of the MOS tube S1 is connected with the interface P1 of the controller, and the gate of the MOS tube S7 is connected with the interface P7 of the controller; the gate of the MOS tube S2 is connected with the interface P2 of the controller, and the gate of the MOS tube S12 is connected with the interface P12 of the controller; the gate of the MOS tube S3 is connected with the interface P3 of the controller, and the gate of the MOS tube S9 is connected with the interface P9 of the controller; the gate of the MOS tube S4 is connected with the interface P4 of the controller, and the gate of the MOS tube S8 is connected with the interface P8 of the controller; the gate of the MOS tube S5 is connected with the interface P5 of the controller, and the gate of the MOS tube S11 is connected with the interface P11 of the controller; the gate of the MOS transistor S6 is connected to the interface P6 of the controller, and the gate of the MOS transistor S10 is connected to the interface P10 of the controller.
The invention also provides an indication method of the brushless direct current motor rotating speed indication device, which comprises the following specific steps: step 1: setting a PWM period and PWM effective time of a controller; step 2: the pulse is sent through an IO interface of the controller within PWM invalid time, the pulse duration accounts for 3% -8% of the PWM invalid time, and with the difference of the PWM invalid time, the pulse width sent by the IO interface is different, and sounds with different loudness are generated; alternatively, the width H of the transmitted pulse may be calculated by the following equation:. Where T is the PWM period, K is the PWM duty cycle, and C is the percentage of the pulse sent to the PWM dead time.
Optionally, the duration of the sent pulse accounts for 3% -8% of the PWM dead time, so that the motor generates clear sound in the pulse duration, when the rotating speed is reduced, the PWM dead time is shortened, the dead time is lengthened, the pulse width provided for the MOS tube accounts for 3% -8% of the PWM dead time, and the motor vibrates to generate sound; on the contrary, when the rotating speed is increased, the PWM effective time is prolonged, the invalid time is shortened, the pulse width provided for the MOS tube accounts for 3% -8% of the PWM invalid time, the pulse is narrower than that when the rotating speed is reduced, the motor vibration is weakened, the generated volume is smaller than that when the rotating speed is reduced, and therefore the rotating speed indicating effect is achieved.
The beneficial effect of this hair: 1. under the condition of not using an additional rotating speed detection device, PWM and pulse are sent out only by different IO interfaces of the controller, so that the motor vibrates and pronounces when running normally, and the effect of rotating speed indication is realized by a very simple method; 2. the pulse duration time of the given pulse accounts for 3% -8% of the PWM invalid time by utilizing the PWM invalid time to pulse the corresponding MOS transistor, and the effect is achieved as follows: the slower the rotating speed is, the longer the PWM invalid time is, the wider the pulse sent by the IO interface is, and the larger the generated volume is; conversely, the rotation speed is increased, the PWM dead time is shortened, and the narrower the pulse sent by the IO interface is, the smaller the generated sound volume is.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a rotation speed indicating device of a brushless dc motor according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of an indicating method of the rotating speed indicating device of the brushless dc motor according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the PWM inactive time and the single pulse condition a of the apparatus for indicating the rotation speed of a brushless dc motor according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the PWM inactive time and the single pulse condition B of the apparatus for indicating the rotational speed of a brushless dc motor according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of enhancing the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, which are provided for the purpose of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Example (b): as shown in fig. 1, a device for indicating the rotation speed of a brushless dc motor includes a driving module, a three-phase stator winding of the brushless dc motor, and a controller; the driving module is connected with a three-phase stator winding of the brushless direct current motor and is used for driving the motor to rotate and vibrate; 6 IO interfaces P1-P6 of the controller are respectively connected with 6 grid inputs of the driving module and used for sending PWM to the grids of the 6 MOS tubes so that the motor can normally rotate; 6 IO interfaces P7-P12 of the controller send pulses in PWM dead time, change the instantaneous stress condition of the motor rotor, and are used for vibrating and sounding the motor relative to the initial position.
In this embodiment, the driving module includes a dc power source VDC, a MOS transistor S1, a MOS transistor S2, a MOS transistor S3, a MOS transistor S4, a MOS transistor S5, a MOS transistor S6, a MOS transistor S7, a MOS transistor S8, a MOS transistor S9, a MOS transistor S10, a MOS transistor S11, and a MOS transistor S12; the positive electrode of the direct-current power supply VDC is respectively connected with the drain electrode of the MOS tube S1, the drain electrode of the MOS tube S3, the drain electrode of the MOS tube S5, the drain electrode of the MOS tube S7, the drain electrode of the MOS tube S9 and the drain electrode of the MOS tube S11; the negative electrode of the direct current power supply is respectively connected with the source electrode of the MOS tube S4, the source electrode of the MOS tube S6, the source electrode of the MOS tube S2, the source electrode of the MOS tube S8, the source electrode of the MOS tube S10 and the source electrode of the MOS tube S12; the source electrode of the MOS tube S1, the source electrode of the MOS tube S7, the drain electrode of the MOS tube S4 and the drain electrode of the MOS tube S8 are connected with A in the three-phase stator winding of the brushless direct current motor, the source electrode of the MOS tube S1 is connected with the drain electrode of the MOS tube S4, and the source electrode of the MOS tube S7 is connected with the drain electrode of the MOS tube S8; the source electrode of the MOS tube S3, the drain electrode of the MOS tube S6, the source electrode of the MOS tube S9 and the drain electrode of the MOS tube S10 are connected with B in a three-phase stator winding of the brushless direct current motor, the source electrode of the MOS tube S3 is connected with the drain electrode of the MOS tube S6, and the source electrode of the MOS tube S9 is connected with the drain electrode of the MOS tube S10; the source electrode of the MOS tube S5, the drain electrode of the MOS tube S2, the source electrode of the MOS tube S11 and the drain electrode of the MOS tube S12 are connected with C in a three-phase stator winding of the brushless direct current motor, the source electrode of the MOS tube S5 is connected with the drain electrode of the MOS tube S2, and the source electrode of the MOS tube S11 is connected with the drain electrode of the MOS tube S12; the controller comprises interfaces P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, P7, P8, P9, P10, P11 and P12; the gate of the MOS tube S1 is connected with the interface P1 of the controller, and the gate of the MOS tube S7 is connected with the interface P7 of the controller; the gate of the MOS tube S2 is connected with the interface P2 of the controller, and the gate of the MOS tube S12 is connected with the interface P12 of the controller; the gate of the MOS tube S3 is connected with the interface P3 of the controller, and the gate of the MOS tube S9 is connected with the interface P9 of the controller; the gate of the MOS tube S4 is connected with the interface P4 of the controller, and the gate of the MOS tube S8 is connected with the interface P8 of the controller; the gate of the MOS tube S5 is connected with the interface P5 of the controller, and the gate of the MOS tube S11 is connected with the interface P11 of the controller; the gate of the MOS transistor S6 is connected to the interface P6 of the controller, and the gate of the MOS transistor S10 is connected to the interface P10 of the controller.
As shown in fig. 2, an indication method of a rotation speed indication device of a brushless dc motor, which takes conducting MOS transistors S1, S6 when the motor works normally as an example to describe the specific operation steps: the method comprises the following steps: setting the PWM period and the PWM effective time of the controller; step two: the method comprises the following steps that a pulse is sent to MOS tubes S7 and S10 through an IO interface of a controller in PWM invalid time of an MOS tube S1 and an MOS tube S6, the duration time of the two pulses accounts for 3% -8% of the PWM invalid time, and a brushless direct current motor enables the pulse width sent by the IO interface to be different along with the difference of the PWM invalid time, so that sounds with different loudness are generated;
alternatively, the width H of the transmitted pulse may be calculated by the following equation:. Where T is the PWM period, K is the PWM duty cycle, and C is the percentage of the pulse sent to the PWM dead time.
Optionally, the duration of the sent pulse accounts for 3% -8% of the PWM dead time, so that the motor generates clear sound in the pulse duration, when the rotating speed is reduced, the PWM dead time is shortened, the dead time is lengthened, the pulse width provided for the MOS tube accounts for 3% -8% of the PWM dead time, and the motor vibrates to generate sound; on the contrary, when the rotating speed is increased, the PWM effective time is prolonged, the invalid time is shortened, the pulse width provided for the MOS tube accounts for 3% -8% of the PWM invalid time, the pulse is narrower than that when the rotating speed is reduced, the motor vibration is weakened, the generated volume is smaller than that when the rotating speed is reduced, and therefore the rotating speed indicating effect is achieved.
As shown in fig. 3, it is a relationship diagram of the PWM inactive time of the brushless dc motor speed indicating apparatus of the present embodiment and the pulse condition a given through the interfaces P7 and P10. At the moment, the PWM period selected by the rotating speed is 0.1ms, the duty ratio is 0.8, the PWM effective time is 0.08ms, and the invalid time is 0.02 ms. When the MOS tube S1 and the MOS tube S6 are conducted, the rotor is subjected to a magnetic field force at the moment and is in PWM invalid time, a pulse is respectively sent to the MOS tube S7 and the MOS tube S10 through the interfaces P7 and P10, the duration of the pulse is selected to account for 5% of the PWM invalid time, namely the pulse duration is 0.001ms, at the moment, the stress condition of the rotor is changed due to the influence of the pulse, so that the rotor generates vibration relative to the original position, and then sound is generated.
As shown in fig. 4, it is a relationship diagram of the PWM dead time and the pulse condition B given through the interface of the brushless dc motor rotation speed indicating apparatus of the present embodiment. At the moment, the rotating speed is slower than that of the situation A, the selected PWM period is 0.1ms, the duty ratio is 0.2, the PWM effective time is 0.02ms, and the invalid time is 0.08 ms. When the MOS transistor S1 and the MOS transistor S6 are conducted, the rotor is also subjected to a magnetic field force, at the moment, in PWM invalid time, a pulse is respectively sent to the MOS transistor S7 and the MOS transistor S10 through the interfaces P7 and P10, and the duration of the pulse is selected to account for 5% of the PWM invalid time, namely the pulse duration is 0.004 ms. Compared with the situation A, the pulse duration is longer, and the influence of the pulse on the stress of the rotor is larger, so that the vibration generated by the rotor relative to the original position is stronger, and the volume of the generated sound is larger.
Therefore, the motor is rotated by constant magnetic field force in the PWM effective time, and a pulse is sent in the PWM ineffective time, so that the stress condition of the motor rotor is changed instantly, the rotor vibrates relative to the initial position, and sound is generated. Meanwhile, when the rotating speed is increased, the PWM invalid time is shorter, the pulse width given by the interface is narrower, and the sound generated by the vibration of the motor is smaller; when the rotating speed is reduced, the PWM invalid time is longer, the pulse width given by the interface is wider, the sound generated by the vibration of the motor is larger, and then the effect of indicating the rotating speed of the brushless direct current motor is achieved.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a brushless DC motor rotational speed indicating device which characterized in that, includes drive module, brushless DC motor's three-phase stator winding, controller, wherein: the driving module is connected with a three-phase stator winding of the brushless direct current motor and is used for driving the motor to rotate and vibrate; 6 IO interfaces P1-P6 of the controller are respectively connected with 6 grid inputs of the driving module and used for sending PWM to the grids of 6 MOS tubes so that the motor can normally rotate; 6 IO interfaces P7-P12 of the controller send pulses within PWM invalid time, change the instantaneous stress condition of a motor rotor and are used for vibrating and pronouncing the motor relative to an initial position; the driving module comprises a direct-current power supply VDC, an MOS tube S1, an MOS tube S2, an MOS tube S3, an MOS tube S4, an MOS tube S5, an MOS tube S6, an MOS tube S7, an MOS tube S8, an MOS tube S9, an MOS tube S10, an MOS tube S11 and an MOS tube S12; the positive electrode of the direct-current power supply VDC is respectively connected with the drain electrode of the MOS tube S1, the drain electrode of the MOS tube S3, the drain electrode of the MOS tube S5, the drain electrode of the MOS tube S7, the drain electrode of the MOS tube S9 and the drain electrode of the MOS tube S11; the negative electrode of the direct current power supply is respectively connected with the source electrode of the MOS tube S4, the source electrode of the MOS tube S6, the source electrode of the MOS tube S2, the source electrode of the MOS tube S8, the source electrode of the MOS tube S10 and the source electrode of the MOS tube S12; the source of the MOS tube S1, the source of the MOS tube S7, the drain of the MOS tube S4, the drain of the MOS tube S8 and A in the three-phase stator winding of the brushless direct current motor are connected, the source of the MOS tube S1 is connected with the drain of the MOS tube S4, and the source of the MOS tube S7 is connected with the drain of the MOS tube S8; the source of the MOS tube S3, the drain of the MOS tube S6, the source of the MOS tube S9, the drain of the MOS tube S10 and the B in the three-phase stator winding of the brushless direct current motor are connected, the source of the MOS tube S3 is connected with the drain of the MOS tube S6, and the source of the MOS tube S9 is connected with the drain of the MOS tube S10; the source electrode of the MOS tube S5, the drain electrode of the MOS tube S2, the source electrode of the MOS tube S11, the drain electrode of the MOS tube S12 and the C in the three-phase stator winding of the brushless direct current motor are connected, the source electrode of the MOS tube S5 is connected with the drain electrode of the MOS tube S2, and the source electrode of the MOS tube S11 is connected with the drain electrode of the MOS tube S12.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the controller comprises interfaces P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, P7, P8, P9, P10, P11, P12; the gate of the MOS tube S1 is connected with the interface P1 of the controller, and the gate of the MOS tube S7 is connected with the interface P7 of the controller; the gate of the MOS tube S2 is connected with the interface P2 of the controller, and the gate of the MOS tube S12 is connected with the interface P12 of the controller; the gate of the MOS tube S3 is connected with the interface P3 of the controller, and the gate of the MOS tube S9 is connected with the interface P9 of the controller; the gate of the MOS tube S4 is connected with the interface P4 of the controller, and the gate of the MOS tube S8 is connected with the interface P8 of the controller; the gate of the MOS tube S5 is connected with the interface P5 of the controller, and the gate of the MOS tube S11 is connected with the interface P11 of the controller; the gate of the MOS transistor S6 is connected to the interface P6 of the controller, and the gate of the MOS transistor S10 is connected to the interface P10 of the controller.
3. A method for indicating a rotational speed indicating apparatus of a brushless dc motor, using the rotational speed indicating apparatus of a brushless dc motor according to claim 2, comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: setting a PWM period and PWM effective time of a controller;
step two: sending pulses through an IO interface of a controller in PWM invalid time, wherein the pulse duration accounts for 3% -8% of the PWM invalid time, and the width of the sent pulsesCan be calculated by the following formula:
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JP4128703B2 (en) * | 1999-10-20 | 2008-07-30 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | Motor drive device |
JP2004364366A (en) * | 2003-06-02 | 2004-12-24 | Seiko Epson Corp | Pwm control system |
JP4860379B2 (en) * | 2006-07-07 | 2012-01-25 | ミネベアモータ株式会社 | Brushless motor drive circuit and motor provided with the same |
JP5731753B2 (en) * | 2009-02-17 | 2015-06-10 | ローム株式会社 | Motor drive circuit, drive method, and cooling device |
CN107834916A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-03-23 | 魏海峰 | A kind of inexpensive velocity indicating device of brshless DC motor |
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