CN203278676U - Power supply device - Google Patents
Power supply device Download PDFInfo
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- CN203278676U CN203278676U CN2013202243598U CN201320224359U CN203278676U CN 203278676 U CN203278676 U CN 203278676U CN 2013202243598 U CN2013202243598 U CN 2013202243598U CN 201320224359 U CN201320224359 U CN 201320224359U CN 203278676 U CN203278676 U CN 203278676U
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- power supply
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
- H02M1/4208—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
- H02M1/4216—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input operating from a three-phase input voltage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/06—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes without control electrode or semiconductor devices without control electrode
- H02M7/066—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes without control electrode or semiconductor devices without control electrode particular circuits having a special characteristic
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
- H02M1/4208—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
- H02M1/4291—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input by using a Buck converter to switch the input current
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/05—Capacitor coupled rectifiers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Rectifiers (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses a power supply device, and aims to avoid using resistor elements to divide input electromotive force and to prevent related energy losses and to reduce cost of the power supply device. For this purpose, a theme is adopted as follows: the power supply device comprises an input stage; a rectifier arranged to generate a DC voltage; a capacitor stage connected to the rectifier and arranged to share a part of an AC voltage on the capacitor stage; a latch circuit provided with a first operating state of current and a second operating state of the current, wherein the latch circuit is arranged to be that when a threshold-exceeded voltage is applied, the latch circuit is operated at the first operating state, and at the second operating state otherwise; and a switch induced voltage converter, wherein the input of the switch induced voltage converter is connected with the output of the latch circuit, and the switch induced voltage converter is arranged to convert a first DC voltage into a second DC voltage and to supply the second DC voltage. The power supply device has the advantages that the requirement that the resistor elements are used to divide the input electromotive force can be eliminated, the related energy losses can be prevented, and cost and size of the power supply device can be reduced.
Description
Technical field
The disclosure relates to power supply unit.Particularly, the utility model relates to but the voltage that is not limited in power supply unit changes.
Background technology
Electric power can provide use with the form that exchanges (AC) voltage.Electric power can provide by single concussion voltage (single-phase alternating current) or a plurality of concussion voltage (many phase alternating current).The three-phase alternating voltage distribution system that uses in Britain is an example of many phase alternating current, wherein, electric power provides by the voltage waveform that three near sinusoidal centered by 0v change, and first voltage waveform in the voltage waveform that described three near sinusoidal change shifts to an earlier date about 120 degree with respect to second voltage waveform and the 3rd voltage waveform postpones about 120 degree with respect to second voltage waveform.
Electric power can produce, transmit and/or distribute by the voltage different from the expectation voltage of the final use of user, and therefore, power supply unit can be used to change the voltage that provides, and normally voltage is progressively reduced.Power supply unit also can have more function, for example, can rectified AC voltage alternating voltage being converted to direct current (DC) voltage, and can smooth dc voltage.
The utility model content
Characteristics of the present utility model and feature are stated in claims.For fear of cutting apart demand and the relative energy loss of inputting electromotive force with resistive element and reducing the cost of power supply unit and proposed according to power supply unit of the present utility model.
in an example of the present utility model, a kind of power supply unit is disclosed, it comprises input stage, this input stage is used for receiving alternating voltage, rectifier, this rectifier has input and output, and is arranged to: when when described rectifier input provides alternating voltage, produce direct voltage in described rectifier output place, capacitor level, this capacitor level is connected to the input stage of described power supply unit the input of described rectifier, described capacitor level is arranged to: when the output that connects loads to described rectifier and when described input stage place provides alternating voltage, the part of the alternating voltage that provides at described input stage place is formed on described capacitor level, latch cicuit, this latch cicuit has input and output, this input is connected to the output of described rectifier, described latch cicuit has the second operating state that electric current can flow between the first operating state that flows between the input and output of described latch cicuit and electric current can not the input and output at described latch cicuit, described latch cicuit is arranged to: in the time will being applied to the input of described latch cicuit over the voltage that threshold value latchs voltage, described latch cicuit is operated in described the first operating state, otherwise, described latch cicuit is operated in described the second operating state, and inductive switching electric pressure converter, this inductive switching electric pressure converter has input and output, the input of described inductive switching electric pressure converter is connected to the output of described latch cicuit, described inductive switching electric pressure converter conversion is arranged to: first direct voltage that will provide in described inductive switching electric pressure converter input converts the second direct voltage to, and provides described the second direct voltage in output place of described inductive switching electric pressure converter.
In one embodiment, described input stage comprises that the input of being arranged to make described input stage is coupled to the resistor of described capacitor level.
In one embodiment, described input stage is used for receiving three-phase alternating voltage; Described rectifier is three-phase rectifier; And described capacitor level has the capacitor for each phase of three-phase, each capacitor has for the input that receives one of three alternating voltages and is connected to the output of the input of described rectifier, and be arranged to: when one of described three alternating voltages being applied to described input and connecting loads to the output of described rectifier, the part of the alternating voltage that applies is formed on this capacitor.
In one embodiment, described input stage comprises three resistors, and each resistor is arranged to an input that is coupled to a corresponding capacitor in described capacitor in three inputs of described input stage.
In one embodiment, described power supply unit also comprises the output that is connected to described rectifier and the voltage limitator between ground, wherein said voltage limitator is arranged to: when the voltage in the output of described rectifier surpassed the overvoltage threshold that presets, described voltage limitator flowed electric current between described rectifier output and ground.
In one embodiment, described inductive switching electric pressure converter is arranged to: by stored energy and discharge via diode the energy store and convert the first direct voltage to second direct voltage in inductor alternately.
In one embodiment, described inductive switching electric pressure converter is arranged to: replace between the energy that stored energy and release are stored in inductance by the closed and disconnected switch.
In one embodiment, described inductive switching electric pressure converter is step-down controller.
In another example, power supply unit comprises: capacitor, and this capacitor has input and output; Rectifier, this rectifier is connected to the output of described capacitor; Deferred mount, this deferred mount is arranged to: after alternating voltage being connected to capacitor input after the time period in the past, provide activation signal in output place of described deferred mount; And inductive switching DC-to-DC voltage converter, this inductive switching DC-to-DC voltage converter has the input of the output that is connected to described deferred mount, described inductive switching DC-to-DC voltage converter is arranged to: after the input of described inductive switching DC-to-DC voltage converter receives described activation signal, at least part of voltage of being crossed by described rectifier rectification is carried out the conversion of DC-to-DC.
In one embodiment, the described time period is the time period of presetting.
In one embodiment, described deferred mount comprises be used to the timing circuit that the described time period is set.
In one embodiment, described deferred mount has the second operating state that electric current can flow between the first operating state that flows between the input and output of described deferred mount and electric current can not the input and output at described deferred mount, described deferred mount is arranged to: during input when the voltage-drop loading that will latch voltage over threshold value at described deferred mount, described deferred mount is operated in described the first operating state, otherwise described deferred mount is operated in described the second operating state.
Use capacitor input stage and pay(useful) load impedance to come together to reduce input voltage, advantageously avoided demand and the relative energy loss of inputting electromotive force to cutting apart with resistive element.More advantageously, the power supply unit of describing in literary composition is at a low price, and does not adopt the high frequency transformer of heavy or huge transformer, high-voltage diode, high-voltage rectifier bridge, high-voltage electric switch or customization.
Description of drawings
Example of the present utility model is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 shows the block diagram of power supply unit;
Fig. 2 shows the first of circuit diagram of the element of power supply unit;
Fig. 3 shows the second portion of circuit diagram of the element of power supply unit;
Fig. 4 shows the simulated current of the power supply unit that does not contain latch cicuit and the figure of voltage;
Fig. 5 shows the simulated current of the power supply unit that contains latch cicuit and the figure of voltage;
Fig. 6 shows example (in this case for the BUCK(step-down) transducer of inductive switching electric pressure converter) circuit diagram;
Fig. 7 shows the flow chart of the operation of the inductive switching electric pressure converter in presentation graphs 6;
Fig. 8 shows the circuit diagram of single phase power supply equipment;
Fig. 9 shows the block diagram of the demonstration power supply unit that uses the on-delay strategy;
Figure 10 shows the example of deferred mount; And
Figure 11 shows the circuit diagram of another latch cicuit and inductive switching electric pressure converter.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 shows and is arranged to convert three-phase alternating voltage to amplitude less than the block diagram of the power supply unit of the direct voltage of root mean square (Root Mean Squared, the RMS) voltage of each input phase.In frame 10, the input three-phase alternating voltage.Be capacitor level after the three-phase alternating voltage input, wherein every corresponding input that is connected to rectifier and filter 14 via series capacitor 12.In this case, rectifier is to make smmothing capacitor C8 and decoupling capacitor C12 be connected across the all-wave diode bridge that it is exported.The rectification that rectifier and filter 14 are exported and level and smooth after voltage controlled by overvoltage crowbar 16; make voltage after level and smooth and rectification when overvoltage threshold is above; overvoltage crowbar 16 makes electric current from the bridge rectifier output stream to ground, damages subsequent conditioning circuit to prevent any overvoltage.Then, with rectification and level and smooth after voltage be input to latch cicuit 18, latch cicuit 18 be arranged to when rectification and level and smooth after voltage lower than preset latch threshold value the time prevention electric current output from the inlet flow of latch cicuit 18 to latch cicuit.Rectification and level and smooth after voltage be not less than preset latch threshold value the time, latch cicuit 18 moves under the first operating state, latch cicuit 18 can not stop electric current to be exported to it from its inlet flow in the first operating state, electric current can be offered inductive switching electric pressure converter 20 thus, inductive switching electric pressure converter 20 is arranged to convert the direct voltage of its input to different direct voltage.
When rectification and level and smooth after voltage lower than preset latch threshold value the time, latch cicuit 18 moves under the second operating state, latch cicuit 18 stops or prevents that electric current from exporting to it from its inlet flow in the second operating state.
In operation, three-phase input 10 voltages that provide are shared between the equivalent load impedance of the capacitor 12 that is connected in series and the circuit element after rectifier and filter 14.In addition, connect under full load current because of inductive switching electric pressure converter 20 when therefore presenting low pay(useful) load impedance, latch cicuit 18 is used for guaranteeing after connecting, and comes work for inductive switching electric pressure converter 20 provides sufficient voltage.
Below, referring to figs. 2 and 3 the exemplary circuit of describing in detail according to Fig. 1 block diagram.Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 show to have by empty vertical line jointly to be cut apart and corresponding to the circuit diagram of the circuit of the element of the frame 12 to 20 in Fig. 1.Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 show so that represent as separating accompanying drawing, but in fact the some A of Fig. 2 and some B are electrically connected to some C and the some D of Fig. 3 respectively.
In the left-hand side of Fig. 2, three-phase input stage 10 is represented by tie point L1, L2 and L3.Each input that is connected to rectifier and filter 14 by resistor and the capacitor of each series connection in each input L1 to L3.For example, input L1 is connected to the base stage of the diode D1 of rectifier and filter 14 via resistor R1 and capacitor C1.In this example, elect the value of resistor R1 as 68 Ω, elect the value of capacitor C1 as 330nF.Therefore, at 50Hz, the impedance C1=1/ of capacitor (2 π * f*C)=1/ (2*3.14*50*330)=9651 Ω, 9651 Ω are far longer than impedance 68 Ω of resistors in series R1.Therefore, in order to calculate the pressure drop in the combination of capacitor C1 and resistor R1, the resistance of resistor R1 is very little, to such an extent as to can ignore.Yet resistor R1 and capacitor C1 collaborative work reduce the peak current that can be used for to capacitor C1 charging.The voltage that provides may distortion and/or may be met with instantaneous voltage surge.The Fourier analysis of this distorted waveform shows that the impedance at capacitor C1 is the harmonic components that 96 Ω places may have nearly the harmonic wave of 100 times.Can find out, when having the resistor R1 that stops peak current, become the peak current of office may reduce factor 58% at 100 subharmonic.
In the example of Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, rectifier and filter 14 comprise the three-phase full-wave bridge rectifier that is formed to D6 by diode D1, and the output of bridge rectifier is level and smooth and by capacitor C12 decoupling by capacitor C8.
The output of rectifier and filter 14 is connected to overvoltage crowbar 16.Overvoltage crowbar 16 plays the voltage that stops some VCC1 place over the effect of the overvoltage threshold that presets.Overvoltage is a specific question, progressively descends because of the relative size of the input capacitor that the three-phase input voltage of power supply unit basis is connected in series and load impedance; Therefore, when load impedance was large especially, the voltage at some VCC1 place also may be very large, consequently damages the subsequent element of power supply unit.Overvoltage protection is by back-biased Zener diode D10 and be used separately as voltage clamp and resistor R9 and the R8 of voltage divider realize, in order to provide preset voltage in the base stage of transistor Q1 in Fig. 2 circuit.In the example of Fig. 2, the threshold voltage of Zener diode D10 is 56V, so the voltage of the base stage of transistor Q1 is a little more than 56V.When the voltage at some VCC1 place adds that higher than the base voltage of transistor Q1 the Base-Emitter of transistor Q1 is connected pressure drop, transistor Q1 will connect, electric current flows to ground from VCC1 via resistor R7, to reduce the voltage of VCC1, until this voltage is lower than the overvoltage threshold that presets.A kind of sample situation that transistor Q1 connects is when load current is very little.In this case, the voltage at VCC1 place can raise so that transistor Q1 connects, and then the voltage at VCC1 place will discharge by resistor R7, to reduce the voltage at VCC1 place.When the voltage at VCC1 place turned back to base voltage less than transistor Q1 and adds the base emitter junction turn-on voltage of transistor Q1, transistor Q1 turn-offed, and the voltage at VCC1 place stops discharging via resistor R7.Therefore, the layout of the overvoltage circuit 16 of Fig. 2 is the maximum that presets with the limiting voltage at VCC1 place.In the example of Fig. 2, the base emitter junction of transistor Q1 is by capacitor C4 decoupling.
The inventor has been found that when inductive switching electric pressure converter 20 couples directly to the output of rectifier and filter 14, inputs 10 if the three-phase power input is connected to three-phase, and inductive switching electric pressure converter 20 will begin with operation at full load.For the needs of describing, if suppose that inductive switching electric pressure converter 20 efficient are 100% under ideal conditions, whole power of exporting of inductive switching electric pressure converter 20 are 1W, and whole power of the VCC3 of Fig. 3 are 5V*200MA, and equivalent load resistance is 5V/200MA=25 Ω.Fig. 4 show when three-phase input voltage be 380V and the emulation voltage and current waveform at VCC1 place when being connected with 25 Ω resistor between VCC1.Fig. 4 clearly show that VCC1 is 0.8V when VCC1 has loaded the equivalent load resistance of 25 Ω.Yet inductive switching electric pressure converter 20 can not be operated under so low voltage, and the inductive switching electric pressure converter 20 that therefore couples directly to the output of rectifier and filter 14 is not worked fully.
The inventor utilizes their discovery, inserts latch cicuit 18 between rectifier and filter 14 and inductive switching electric pressure converter 20.The characteristics of latch cicuit 18 are illustrated in Fig. 3, and there is shown works together with the resistor R4 that is used separately as voltage clamp and voltage divider and R5 provides the Zener diode D9 of preset voltage with the base stage at transistor Q3.When the voltage at VCC1 place adds the base emitter junction turn-on voltage of transistor Q3 higher than the base voltage of transistor Q3, transistor Q3 connect and the voltage at some VCC2 place very approaching with the voltage of putting the VCC1 place.Yet when the voltage at some VCC1 place added the base emitter junction turn-on voltage of transistor Q3 lower than the base voltage of transistor Q3, transistor Q3 turn-offed, and the load impedance of inductive switching electric pressure converter 20 is from a VCC1 electricity disconnection.When the pay(useful) load impedance of inductive switching electric pressure converter 20 disconnected from a VCC1, VCC1 did not have load, therefore put the voltage increase at VCC1 place, until transistor Q3 connects.Therefore, the voltage that low pressure latch cicuit 18 is used for making VCC2 preset latch threshold value more than be enough to make its work so that offer the voltage of inductive switching electric pressure converter 20.In the example of Fig. 3, the puncture voltage of Zener diode D9 is 47V, and the base emitter junction of transistor Q3 is by capacitor C14 uncoupling, and the output of low pressure latch cicuit 18 is by capacitor C13 decoupling.
The input of inductive switching electric pressure converter 20 is connected to the output of latch cicuit 18, and Fig. 3 shows illustrative switch induced voltage transducer 20.The voltage transitions that inductive switching electric pressure converter 20 shown in Fig. 3 is arranged to will to put via DC-DC BUCK transducer VCC2 becomes another voltage VCC3.Because the BUCK transducer is the firm power transducer, and the efficient of BUCK transducer is usually above 80%, and therefore, the electric current of VCC2 is: the power output of VCC3/step-down conversion efficiency (BUCK converting efficiency)/VCC2 voltage.If the power output of VCC3 is 1W, the VCC2 output current is so: 1W/80%/56V=22.3mA, equiva lent impedance is: voltage/current=56V/22.3mA=2511 Ω.Fig. 5 shows the figure of the emulation voltage and current waveform of putting the VCC2 place after the circuit that three-phase input is connected to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3.Can see, compare with the figure of Fig. 4, the voltage and current after connecting enough makes 20 work of inductive switching electric pressure converter.It is the TPS57060-Q1 that produced by Texas Instrument's (Texas Instruments, registered trade mark) as 20, one such integrated circuits of inductive switching electric pressure converter that Fig. 3 has used integrated circuit.
Above reference switch induced voltage transducer 20 is described, and inductive switching electric pressure converter 20 is the BUCK transducer preferably.Below, the operation of inductive switching electric pressure converter 20 is briefly described with reference to Fig. 6 and Fig. 7.Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 show respectively the operation of circuit diagram He this circuit of BUCK transducer.Especially, BUCK transducer 100 comprises voltage source 102, switch 104, diode 106, inductor 108, capacitor 110 and resistor 112 and has pair of output 114.BUCK transducer 100 is by alternately disconnecting and Closing Switch 104 is worked, in order to distinguish: i) voltage source 102 is connected to inductor 108 with storage power in inductance; And the energy that ii) will be stored in inductance discharges to lead-out terminal 114.
Fig. 7 has listed the function of the BUCK transducer in Fig. 6.With before switch 104 closures, the voltage source 102 of BUCK transducer 100 does not connect, thereby there is no current flowing in BUCK transducer 100 in step 200.In step 202, switch is closed, and flows through inductance 108 with respect to the obstruction of the reactance of inductor 108 from the electric current of voltage source 102.At this moment, therefore diode 106, does not have current flowing through comprising the leg of circuit of diode 106 because of voltage source 102 reverse bias.When switch 104 is closed and electric current when flowing through inductance 108, electric current increases with constant speed, and inductance 108 magnetic field that produces the storage additional energies.In step 204, after time T 1, switch 104 is disconnected.Be stored in the energy generation current in remaining circuit in the magnetic field of inductor 108, then diode 106 forward bias.When switch 104 remained open, electric current reduced with constant speed.In step 206, again with switch 104 closures, and repeat from the process of step 202 beginning after elapsed time T2.The transistor that switch 104 in the BUCK transducer normally turns on and off at a certain frequency place, and can change transistorized duty factor with pulse width modulation, thus can change output voltage.The switchtype example of using in the inductive switching electric pressure converter comprises transistors such as MOSFET, JFET, PNP transistor and NPN transistor.The BUCK transducer of least cost time quantum in height dissipates conversion etc., thereby the BUCK transducer can be very effective, its efficient is usually above 80%.The BUCK transducer is especially preferred, and is because they do not comprise transformer, therefore less than many other power reduction devices.
Will be understood by those skilled in the art that; although be described above with reference to the power supply unit with three-phase input, can utilize single-phase under the situation that does not break away from the utility model scope or the n cross streams is inputted and realized equivalently having capacitor, rectifier and filter, latch cicuit, the inductive switching electric pressure converter that is connected in series and the power supply unit that also may have overvoltage crowbar.As example, Fig. 8 shows single-phase input 810, has the capacitor level 812 of the capacitor that is connected in series and can be connected to the overvoltage crowbar 16 in Fig. 2 and can be connected to equivalently/alternatively the low pressure latch cicuit 18 of Fig. 3 and rectifier and the filter 814 of inductive switching transducer 20.
As a kind of possibility, can use timer or delay circuit or software, be configured to not start with inductive switching electric pressure converter and input decoupling or with the inductive switching electric pressure converter when being connected to the input of power supply unit with convenient three-phase alternating voltage and switch or so that the idle mode of inductive switching electric pressure converter is switched.Do not work under full load by power supply unit being configured to when three-phase alternating voltage is connected to the input of power supply unit the inductive switching electric pressure converter, before the inductive switching electric pressure converter was attempted to work under full load, the input of the voltage of inductive switching electric pressure converter rose to the level that is enough to run switch induced voltage transducer if having time.As a kind of possibility, the low pressure latch cicuit can be configured to provide above-mentioned delay.
Resistor-capacitor circuit-rectifier as shown in Figure 2-capacitor circuit (12,14) is effective as voltage limited current source and carries out work.As can be seen from Figure 5, only can obtain 22.3mA, so available horsepower depends in Fig. 2 the voltage on the C8, i.e. VCC1.VCC1 is higher, and power output may be higher.In this case, when only having voltage on VCC1 higher than 56V, the BUCK transducer just may be worked under full load.If VCC1 is lower than 56V, the input impedance of BUCK transducer will reduce, thereby cause VCC1 further to reduce.By preventing that the BUCK transducer from drawing over 22.3mA, can prevent the VCC1 collapse.
Fig. 9 shows the block diagram of the power supply unit example of using the switch on delay strategy.In frame 910, the input three-phase alternating voltage, the part voltage of each phase is formed in capacitor stage 912 on each capacitor.The output of capacitor level is received as the input of rectifier and filter 914, and in this case, the three-phase full-wave diode bridge has level and smooth output, and the output of rectifier and filter stage 914 is received by deferred mount 916.Deferred mount 916 has following output: i.e. this output until receive rectification from rectifier and filter stage 914 in deferred mount 916 inputs and level and smooth after voltage or just be activated after a period of time after three-phase voltage is connected to three-phase input stage 910.As an example, deferred mount can be implemented as and postpone or timer circuit.
Figure 10 shows the example of deferred mount 1000.In this circuit, resistor R6 and capacitor C4 are as the RC circuit with constant correlation time.This delay circuit receives the output of rectifier and filter 914 in its input.Capacitor C4 charges gradually by resistor R6, until the voltage on C4 equals the Base-Emitter turn-on voltage of transistor Q4.At this moment the Darlington drive current amplifier that is comprised of transistor Q4 and Q5 is connected, the voltage divider that electric current is flowed through and formed by resistor R4 and R5, the Base-Emitter that is formed on transistor Q6 higher than the voltage of the base-emitter conducting voltage of transistor Q6 is tied, and forms at a VCC2 electromotive force that approaches with some VCC1.Due to the time constant of resistor-capacitor circuit network R6-C4, the voltage that provides in some VCC1 place and occur postponing between a formed voltage in VCC2 place.As another possibility, deferred mount can be realized by software, and this software is arranged to make connection to three-phase alternating voltage (for example at input frame 910, in the output of capacitor level 912, in the output of rectifier and filter 914 or in other a kind of mode) to monitor when carrying out on processor.Through after the time period of presetting, activate the output of deferred mount 916, with the non-limiting operation of activator switch induced voltage transducer 918.Can be by the current signal that can work under full load of indicator cock induced voltage transducer (for example a rising edge signal or trailing edge signal) be sent to the activation that inductive switching electric pressure converter 918 is realized inductive switching electric pressure converter 918.As another kind of possibility, the output that the activation of inductive switching electric pressure converter 918 can be connected to by the input with inductive switching electric pressure converter 918 rectifier and filter 914 realizes.Also have another possibility, the activation of inductive switching electric pressure converter 918 can be connected or not connect to change its behavior and realize by one or more impedance is switched to the output stage of inductive switching electric pressure converter 918.
As another possibility, Figure 11 shows the circuit diagram of another kind of latch cicuit and inductive switching electric pressure converter.Latch cicuit 1102 is arranged to activation signal be offered inductive switching electric pressure converter 1104 at the voltage that latchs that presets when above when the input voltage of VCC1.In this example, inductive switching electric pressure converter 1104 is by ONNN (ON Semiconductor, registered trade mark) NCP3063BDR2G that provides, it has is arranged to the comparator anti-phase input that inductive switching electric pressure converter 1104 is activated when the comparator anti-phase input is very low.In the latch cicuit 1102 of Figure 11, paired reverse biased Zener diode D29 and D25 are used separately as voltage divider and the voltage clamp of the voltage that forms some VCC1 place together with resistor R97 and R102.Latch threshold value when above when the voltage at some VCC1 place what preset, the base-emitter voltage of transistor T R23 will be higher than the Base-Emitter turn-on voltage of transistor T R23, electric current will flow to emitter from the collector electrode of transistor T R23 thus, thereby the base voltage of transistor T R24 is descended and transistor T R24 shutoff.In this case, inductive switching electric pressure converter integrated circuit is very low at the voltage of reverse comparator input, and inductive switching electric pressure converter 1104 is activated.Lower than presetting when latching voltage, transistor T R23 turn-offs when the voltage at some VCC1 place, and transistor T R24 connects, and the voltage of the anti-phase comparator input of inductive switching electric pressure converter 1104 is very high, thereby inductive switching electric pressure converter 1104 is not activated.
It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art, in the situation that the inductive switching electric pressure converter is connected under full load the time, latch cicuit work described here so that after the incoming transport voltage of input, surpasses to produce before latching threshold value at the voltage at some VCC1 place and postpones.Therefore, the output of latch cicuit is activator switch induced voltage transducer after a period of time after incoming transport voltage only, and the inductive switching electric pressure converter is arranged to: only just operate after the output of latch cicuit receives activation signal in the input of inductive switching electric pressure converter.
Because three-phase capacitor BUCK power supply unit reduces voltage with capacitor, thereby do not need heaviness and expensive transformer.In addition, because the pressure drop voltage afterwards at some VCC1 place may be lower than 100V, so, common rectifier bridge can be used, and high-voltage diode/rectifier needn't be used.And, use the DC-DC converter of BUCK type that stable output voltage can be arranged, and then can use inductor small-sized and that cost is low.
It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art, although be described above with reference to the example of using the three-phase full-wave diode bridge rectifier, can use the rectifier of other types, for example can use two-phase diode bridge or half-wave rectifier.
It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art, although above-mentioned series capacitor be with input resistor R1, R2, the mode of R3 and R810 series connection is described and is illustrated, but here described power supply unit also can be realized under one or more situation in there is no these resistors equivalently.For example, in the situation that the supply voltage distortion is low, just do not need these resistors.
It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art, although be described above with reference to the overvoltage crowbar of Fig. 2, under the condition that does not break away from the utility model scope, can use other overvoltage circuit.Those skilled in the art be also to be understood that alternatively, can omit overvoltage crowbar in power supply unit described herein.
It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art, what relate to here is connected to electronic component the electrical connection that one or more electric current can be flowed that other electronic component refers to these elements between these elements.
The particular value of the electronic component of here mentioning is used for supplementary explanation, it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art, under the condition that does not break away from the utility model scope, these values can change.Similarly, although use especially the time BUCK transducer of TPS57060-Q1 and NCP3063BDR2G element to be illustrated above with reference to the BUCK transducer, can adopt equivalently the inductive switching electric pressure converter of other types.And, provided the Reference numeral of particular element in literary composition, providing them is to use other similar elements for the ease of explaining, those skilled in the art will appreciate that under the condition that is not separated from the utility model scope, can substituting.
Claims (17)
1. power supply unit is characterized in that comprising:
Input stage, this input stage are used for receiving alternating voltage;
Rectifier, this rectifier has input and output, and is arranged to: when when described rectifier input provides alternating voltage, produce direct voltage in described rectifier output place;
Capacitor level, this capacitor level is connected to the input stage of described power supply unit the input of described rectifier, described capacitor level is arranged to: when the output that connects loads to described rectifier and when described input stage place provides alternating voltage, the part of the alternating voltage that provides at described input stage place is formed on described capacitor level;
latch cicuit, this latch cicuit has input and output, this input is connected to the output of described rectifier, described latch cicuit has the second operating state that electric current can flow between the first operating state that flows between the input and output of described latch cicuit and electric current can not the input and output at described latch cicuit, described latch cicuit is arranged to: in the time will being applied to the input of described latch cicuit over the voltage that threshold value latchs voltage, described latch cicuit is operated in described the first operating state, otherwise, described latch cicuit is operated in described the second operating state, and
The inductive switching electric pressure converter, this inductive switching electric pressure converter has input and output, the input of described inductive switching electric pressure converter is connected to the output of described latch cicuit, described inductive switching electric pressure converter conversion is arranged to: first direct voltage that will provide in described inductive switching electric pressure converter input converts the second direct voltage to, and provides described the second direct voltage in output place of described inductive switching electric pressure converter.
2. power supply unit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described input stage comprises that the input of being arranged to make described input stage is coupled to the resistor of described capacitor level.
3. power supply unit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described input stage is used for receiving three-phase alternating voltage;
Described rectifier is three-phase rectifier; And
Described capacitor level has the capacitor for each phase of three-phase, each capacitor has for the input that receives one of three alternating voltages and is connected to the output of the input of described rectifier, and be arranged to: when one of described three alternating voltages being applied to described input and connecting loads to the output of described rectifier, the part of the alternating voltage that applies is formed on this capacitor.
4. power supply unit as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that described input stage comprises three resistors, and each resistor is arranged to an input that is coupled to a corresponding capacitor in described capacitor in three inputs of described input stage.
5. power supply unit as described in any one in aforementioned claim, characterized by further comprising the output that is connected to described rectifier and the voltage limitator between ground, wherein said voltage limitator is arranged to: when the voltage in the output of described rectifier surpassed the overvoltage threshold that presets, described voltage limitator flowed electric current between described rectifier output and ground.
6. power supply unit as described in any one in claim 1 to 4 is characterized in that described inductive switching electric pressure converter is arranged to: by stored energy and discharge via diode the energy of storing and convert the first direct voltage to second direct voltage in inductor alternately.
7. power supply unit as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that described inductive switching electric pressure converter is arranged to: by stored energy and discharge via diode the energy of storing and convert the first direct voltage to second direct voltage in inductor alternately.
8. power supply unit as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that described inductive switching electric pressure converter is arranged to: between the energy that stored energy and release are stored in inductance by the closed and disconnected switch alternately.
9. power supply unit as described in any one in claim 1 to 4, is characterized in that described inductive switching electric pressure converter is step-down controller.
10. power supply unit as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that described inductive switching electric pressure converter is step-down controller.
11. power supply unit as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that described inductive switching electric pressure converter is step-down controller.
12. power supply unit as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that described inductive switching electric pressure converter is step-down controller.
13. power supply unit as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that described inductive switching electric pressure converter is step-down controller.
14. a power supply unit is characterized in that comprising:
Capacitor, this capacitor has input and output;
Rectifier, this rectifier is connected to the output of described capacitor;
Deferred mount, this deferred mount is arranged to: after alternating voltage being connected to capacitor input after the time period in the past, provide activation signal in output place of described deferred mount; And
The inductive switching DC-to-DC voltage converter, this inductive switching DC-to-DC voltage converter has the input of the output that is connected to described deferred mount, described inductive switching DC-to-DC voltage converter is arranged to: after the input of described inductive switching DC-to-DC voltage converter receives described activation signal, at least part of voltage of being crossed by described rectifier rectification is carried out the conversion of DC-to-DC.
15. power supply unit as claimed in claim 14 is characterized in that the described time period is the time period of presetting.
16. power supply unit as described in claims 14 or 15 is characterized in that described deferred mount comprises be used to the timing circuit that the described time period is set.
17. power supply unit as described in claims 14 or 15, it is characterized in that described deferred mount has the second operating state that electric current can flow between the first operating state that flows between the input and output of described deferred mount and electric current can not the input and output at described deferred mount, described deferred mount is arranged to: during input when the voltage-drop loading that will latch voltage over threshold value at described deferred mount, described deferred mount is operated in described the first operating state, otherwise described deferred mount is operated in described the second operating state.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB1207665.9A GB2501723B (en) | 2012-04-30 | 2012-04-30 | Power supply |
| GB1207665.9 | 2012-04-30 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN203278676U true CN203278676U (en) | 2013-11-06 |
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Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012103476345A Pending CN103378753A (en) | 2012-04-30 | 2012-09-18 | Power supply |
| CN2013202243598U Expired - Fee Related CN203278676U (en) | 2012-04-30 | 2013-04-27 | Power supply device |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012103476345A Pending CN103378753A (en) | 2012-04-30 | 2012-09-18 | Power supply |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (2) | CN103378753A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2501723B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU2014206162B2 (en) | 2014-07-24 | 2019-03-14 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Electrical power conversion system |
| FR3090243A1 (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2020-06-19 | Valeo Systemes De Controle Moteur | Electric circuit for charging a DC voltage source |
| CN111781871B (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2021-10-01 | 镇江宇诚智能装备科技有限责任公司 | Intelligent body structure and multi-peripheral module splicing and identifying method thereof |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4600982A (en) * | 1984-02-22 | 1986-07-15 | Rolm Corporation | Low power consuming AC to DC converter |
| SE515541C2 (en) * | 1994-09-30 | 2001-08-27 | Emerson Energy Systems Ab | Device at a rectifier bridge |
| US7362599B2 (en) * | 2004-12-13 | 2008-04-22 | Thomas & Betts International, Inc. | Switching power supply with capacitor input for a wide range of AC input voltages |
| CN101236445A (en) * | 2007-01-30 | 2008-08-06 | 刘世安 | Power consumption free voltage stabilizing power source circuit |
| CN201478790U (en) * | 2009-08-03 | 2010-05-19 | 江苏国星电器有限公司 | Electromagnetic undervoltage release |
| CN101867168B (en) * | 2010-05-21 | 2014-04-02 | 海洋王照明科技股份有限公司 | Power protecting circuit and LED lamp |
| CN102005942B (en) * | 2010-11-05 | 2012-10-10 | 烟台东方威思顿电气有限公司 | Method for acquiring low-voltage power from high-voltage electric line |
-
2012
- 2012-04-30 GB GB1207665.9A patent/GB2501723B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2012-09-18 CN CN2012103476345A patent/CN103378753A/en active Pending
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2013
- 2013-04-27 CN CN2013202243598U patent/CN203278676U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN103378753A (en) | 2013-10-30 |
| GB201207665D0 (en) | 2012-06-13 |
| GB2501723A (en) | 2013-11-06 |
| GB2501723B (en) | 2017-08-23 |
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