CN103378753A - Power supply - Google Patents
Power supply Download PDFInfo
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- CN103378753A CN103378753A CN2012103476345A CN201210347634A CN103378753A CN 103378753 A CN103378753 A CN 103378753A CN 2012103476345 A CN2012103476345 A CN 2012103476345A CN 201210347634 A CN201210347634 A CN 201210347634A CN 103378753 A CN103378753 A CN 103378753A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
- H02M1/4208—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
- H02M1/4216—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input operating from a three-phase input voltage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/06—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes without control electrode or semiconductor devices without control electrode
- H02M7/066—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes without control electrode or semiconductor devices without control electrode particular circuits having a special characteristic
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
- H02M1/4208—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
- H02M1/4291—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input by using a Buck converter to switch the input current
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/05—Capacitor coupled rectifiers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
Abstract
The invention discloses a power supply. A power supply is arranged to receive AC voltage and rectifier AC voltage, and to form part rectifier AC voltage on the capacitor stage. A latching circuit is connects an output of the rectifier to a switched inductive voltage converter arranged to receive a first voltage at its input and covert that first voltage into a second voltage. The latching circuit is arranged to disconnect the switched inductive voltage converter from the rectifier when the voltage at the rectifier output does not exceed a predetermined threshold.
Description
Technical field
The disclosure relates to power supply unit.Particularly, the present invention relates to but the voltage that is not limited in power supply unit changes.
Background technology
Electric power can provide use with the form that exchanges (AC) voltage.Electric power can provide by single concussion voltage (single-phase alternating current) or a plurality of concussion voltage (many phase alternating current).The three-phase alternating voltage distribution system that uses in Britain is an example of many phase alternating current, wherein, electric power provides by the voltage waveform that three near sinusoidal centered by 0v change, and first voltage waveform in the voltage waveform that described three near sinusoidal change shifts to an earlier date about 120 degree with respect to second voltage waveform and the 3rd voltage waveform postpones about 120 degree with respect to second voltage waveform.
Electric power can produce, transmit and/or distribute by the voltage different from the expectation voltage of the final usefulness of user, and therefore, power supply unit can be used to change the voltage that provides, and normally voltage is progressively reduced.Power supply unit also can have more function, for example, can rectified AC voltage alternating voltage being converted to direct current (DC) voltage, and can smooth dc voltage.
Summary of the invention
Characteristics of the present invention and feature are stated in claims.
In one example, power supply unit has the input stage that is configured to receive input ac voltage.Input stage is coupled to rectifier via the capacitor level with one or more capacitor, and described capacitor is arranged to when load is linked into the output of rectifier, and the part of input ac voltage is formed on described one or more capacitor.Latch cicuit is connected to rectifier output, and be arranged to output voltage when rectifier be lower than preset latch threshold value the time, make electric current flow to ground from rectifier.When the output voltage of rectifier latchs threshold value when above what preset, latch cicuit makes electric current flow to the inductive switching electric pressure converter from rectifier, and the inductive switching electric pressure converter is arranged to its input is converted into other direct voltage through commutating voltage.Selectively, voltage limitator can be connected to rectifier output, and is arranged to flow to ground when the electric current that makes that is provided by rectifier from rectifier when commutating voltage surpasses the overvoltage threshold that presets.
In another example, power supply unit has with the capacitor of input and output and is connected to the rectifier that capacitor is exported.Power supply unit also has deferred mount, and this deferred mount sends to the inductive switching DC-to-DC voltage converter with activation signal after being arranged in alternating voltage being received a period of time after the capacitor input.The inductive switching DC-to-DC voltage converter is arranged to when it receives activation signal will be by the direct voltage of at least part of voltage transitions Cheng Xin of rectifier rectification.
Use capacitor input stage and pay(useful) load impedance to come together to reduce input voltage, advantageously avoided demand and the relative energy loss of inputting electromotive force to cutting apart with resistive element.More advantageously, the power supply unit of describing in the literary composition is at a low price, and does not adopt the high frequency transformer of heavy or huge transformer, high-voltage diode, high-voltage rectifier bridge, high-voltage electric switch or customization.
Description of drawings
Example of the present invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 shows the block diagram of power supply unit;
Fig. 2 shows the first of circuit diagram of the element of power supply unit;
Fig. 3 shows the second portion of circuit diagram of the element of power supply unit;
Fig. 4 shows the simulated current of the power supply unit that does not contain latch cicuit and the figure of voltage;
Fig. 5 shows the simulated current of the power supply unit that contains latch cicuit and the figure of voltage;
Fig. 6 shows example (in this case for the BUCK(step-down) transducer of inductive switching electric pressure converter) circuit diagram;
Fig. 7 shows the flow chart of the operation of the inductive switching electric pressure converter in the presentation graphs 6;
Fig. 8 shows the circuit diagram of single phase power supply equipment;
Fig. 9 shows the block diagram of the demonstration power supply unit that uses the on-delay strategy;
Figure 10 shows the example of deferred mount; And
Figure 11 shows the circuit diagram of another latch cicuit and inductive switching electric pressure converter.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 shows and is arranged to convert three-phase alternating voltage to amplitude less than the block diagram of the power supply unit of the direct voltage of root mean square (Root Mean Squared, the RMS) voltage of each input phase.In frame 10, the input three-phase alternating voltage.After the three-phase alternating voltage input, be capacitor level, wherein every corresponding input that is connected to rectifier and filter 14 via series capacitor 12.In this case, rectifier is to make smmothing capacitor C8 and decoupling capacitor C12 be connected across the all-wave diode bridge that it is exported.The rectification that rectifier and filter 14 are exported and level and smooth after voltage be subjected to overvoltage crowbar 16 controls; so that the voltage after level and smooth and rectification is when overvoltage threshold is above; overvoltage crowbar 16 makes electric current from the bridge rectifier output stream to ground, damages subsequent conditioning circuit to prevent any overvoltage.Then, with rectification and level and smooth after voltage be input to latch cicuit 18, latch cicuit 18 be arranged to when rectification and level and smooth after voltage be lower than preset latch threshold value the time prevention electric current output from the inlet flow of latch cicuit 18 to latch cicuit.Rectification and level and smooth after voltage be not less than preset latch threshold value the time, latch cicuit 18 moves under the first operating state, latch cicuit 18 can not stop electric current to be exported to it from its inlet flow in the first operating state, electric current can be offered inductive switching electric pressure converter 20 thus, inductive switching electric pressure converter 20 is arranged to convert the direct voltage of its input to different direct voltage.
When rectification and level and smooth after voltage be lower than preset latch threshold value the time, latch cicuit 18 moves under the second operating state, latch cicuit 18 stops or prevents that electric current from exporting to it from its inlet flow in the second operating state.
In operation, three-phase input 10 voltages that provide are shared between the equivalent load impedance of the capacitor 12 that is connected in series and the circuit element after rectifier and filter 14.Therefore in addition, connect under full load current when presenting low pay(useful) load impedance because of inductive switching electric pressure converter 20, latch cicuit 18 is used for guaranteeing after connecting, and comes work for inductive switching electric pressure converter 20 provides sufficient voltage.
Below, referring to figs. 2 and 3 the exemplary circuit of describing in detail according to Fig. 1 block diagram.Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 show to have by empty vertical line jointly to be cut apart and corresponding to the circuit diagram of the circuit of the element of the frame 12 to 20 among Fig. 1.Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 show so that represent as separating accompanying drawing, but in fact the some A of Fig. 2 and some B are electrically connected with some C and the some D of Fig. 3 respectively.
In the left-hand side of Fig. 2, three-phase input stage 10 is represented by tie point L1, L2 and L3.Each input that is connected to rectifier and filter 14 by resistor and the capacitor of each series connection among each input L1 to L3.For example, input L1 is connected to the base stage of the diode D1 of rectifier and filter 14 via resistor R1 and capacitor C1.In this example, elect the value of resistor R1 as 68 Ω, elect the value of capacitor C1 as 330nF.Therefore, at 50Hz, the impedance C1=1/ of capacitor (2 π * f*C)=1/ (2*3.14*50*330)=9651 Ω, 9651 Ω are far longer than impedance 68 Ω of resistors in series R1.Therefore, in order to calculate the pressure drop in the combination of capacitor C1 and resistor R1, the resistance of resistor R1 is very little, to such an extent as to can ignore.Yet resistor R1 and capacitor C1 collaborative work reduce the peak current that can be used for to capacitor C1 charging.The voltage that provides may distortion and/or may be met with instantaneous voltage surge.The Fourier analysis of this distorted waveform shows that the impedance at capacitor C1 is the harmonic components that 96 Ω places may have the harmonic wave that reaches 100 times.Can find out, when having the resistor R1 that stops peak current, become the peak current of office may reduce factor 58% at 100 subharmonic.
In the example of Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, rectifier and filter 14 comprise the three-phase full-wave bridge rectifier that is formed to D6 by diode D1, and the output of bridge rectifier is level and smooth and by capacitor C12 decoupling by capacitor C8.
The output of rectifier and filter 14 is connected to overvoltage crowbar 16.Overvoltage crowbar 16 plays the effect that the voltage that stops some VCC1 place surpasses the overvoltage threshold that presets.Overvoltage is a specific question, progressively descends because of the relative size of the input capacitor that the three-phase input voltage of power supply unit basis is connected in series and load impedance; Therefore, when load impedance was large especially, the voltage at some VCC1 place also may be very large, so that damage the subsequent element of power supply unit.Overvoltage protection is by back-biased Zener diode D10 and be used separately as voltage clamp and resistor R9 and the R8 of voltage divider realize, in order to provide preset voltage in the base stage of transistor Q1 in Fig. 2 circuit.In the example of Fig. 2, the threshold voltage of Zener diode D10 is 56V, so the voltage of the base stage of transistor Q1 is a little more than 56V.When the base voltage that is higher than transistor Q1 when a voltage at VCC1 place adds that the Base-Emitter of transistor Q1 is connected pressure drop, transistor Q1 will connect, electric current flows to ground from VCC1 via resistor R7, to reduce the voltage of VCC1, until this voltage is lower than the overvoltage threshold that presets.A kind of sample situation that transistor Q1 connects is when load current is very little.In this case, the voltage at VCC1 place can raise so that transistor Q1 connects, and then the voltage at VCC1 place will be by resistor R7 discharge, to reduce the voltage at VCC1 place.When the voltage at VCC1 place turned back to base voltage less than transistor Q1 and adds the base emitter junction turn-on voltage of transistor Q1, transistor Q1 turn-offed, and the voltage at VCC1 place stops to discharge via resistor R7.Therefore, the layout of the overvoltage circuit 16 of Fig. 2 is the maximum that presets with the limiting voltage at VCC1 place.In the example of Fig. 2, the base emitter junction of transistor Q1 is by capacitor C4 decoupling.
The inventor has been found that when inductive switching electric pressure converter 20 couples directly to the output of rectifier and filter 14 if the three-phase power input is connected to three-phase input 10, then inductive switching electric pressure converter 20 will begin with operation at full load.For the needs of describing, if supposing inductive switching electric pressure converter 20 efficient is 100% under ideal conditions, then whole power of exporting of inductive switching electric pressure converter 20 are 1W, and whole power of the VCC3 of Fig. 3 are 5V*200MA, and equivalent load resistance is 5V/200MA=25 Ω.Fig. 4 show when three-phase input voltage be 380V and the emulation voltage and current waveform at VCC1 place when between VCC1, being connected with 25 Ω resistor.Fig. 4 clearly show that VCC1 is 0.8V when VCC1 has loaded the equivalent load resistance of 25 Ω.Yet inductive switching electric pressure converter 20 can not be operated under the so low voltage, and the inductive switching electric pressure converter 20 that therefore couples directly to the output of rectifier and filter 14 is not worked fully.
The inventor utilizes their discovery, inserts latch cicuit 18 between rectifier and filter 14 and inductive switching electric pressure converter 20.The characteristics of latch cicuit 18 are illustrated among Fig. 3, and there is shown works with the resistor R4 that is used separately as voltage clamp and voltage divider and R5 provides the Zener diode D9 of preset voltage with the base stage at transistor Q3.When the base voltage that is higher than transistor Q3 when the voltage at VCC1 place adds the base emitter junction turn-on voltage of transistor Q3, transistor Q3 connect and the voltage at some VCC2 place very approaching with the voltage of putting the VCC1 place.Yet when the base voltage that is lower than transistor Q3 when a voltage at VCC1 place added the base emitter junction turn-on voltage of transistor Q3, transistor Q3 turn-offed, and the load impedance of inductive switching electric pressure converter 20 is from a VCC1 electricity disconnection.When the pay(useful) load impedance of inductive switching electric pressure converter 20 disconnected from a VCC1, then VCC1 did not have load, and the voltage of therefore putting the VCC1 place increases, until transistor Q3 connects.Therefore, the voltage that low pressure latch cicuit 18 is used for making VCC2 latchs more than the threshold value presetting, and is enough to make its work so that offer the voltage of inductive switching electric pressure converter 20.In the example of Fig. 3, the puncture voltage of Zener diode D9 is 47V, and the base emitter junction of transistor Q3 is by capacitor C14 uncoupling, and the output of low pressure latch cicuit 18 is by capacitor C13 decoupling.
The input of inductive switching electric pressure converter 20 is connected to the output of latch cicuit 18, and Fig. 3 shows illustrative switch induced voltage transducer 20.The voltage transitions that inductive switching electric pressure converter 20 shown in Fig. 3 is arranged to will to put via DC-DC BUCK transducer VCC2 becomes another voltage VCC3.Because the BUCK transducer is the firm power transducer, and the efficient of BUCK transducer is usually above 80%, and therefore, the electric current of VCC2 is: the power output of VCC3/step-down conversion efficiency (BUCK converting efficiency)/VCC2 voltage.If the power output of VCC3 is 1W, the VCC2 output current is so: 1W/80%/56V=22.3mA, equiva lent impedance is: voltage/current=56V/22.3mA=2511 Ω.Fig. 5 shows the figure that puts the emulation voltage and current waveform at VCC2 place after the circuit that the three-phase input is connected to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3.Can see, compare with the figure of Fig. 4 that the voltage and current after connecting enough makes 20 work of inductive switching electric pressure converter.It is the TPS57060-Q1 that produced by Texas Instrument's (Texas Instruments, registered trade mark) as 20, one such integrated circuits of inductive switching electric pressure converter that Fig. 3 has used integrated circuit.
Above reference switch induced voltage transducer 20 is described, and inductive switching electric pressure converter 20 is the BUCK transducer preferably.Below, the operation of inductive switching electric pressure converter 20 is briefly described with reference to Fig. 6 and Fig. 7.Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 show respectively the operation of circuit diagram He this circuit of BUCK transducer.Especially, BUCK transducer 100 comprises voltage source 102, switch 104, diode 106, inductor 108, capacitor 110 and resistor 112 and has pair of output 114.BUCK transducer 100 is by alternately disconnecting and Closing Switch 104 is worked, in order to distinguish: i) voltage source 102 is connected to inductor 108 with storage power in inductance; And the energy that ii) will be stored in the inductance discharges to lead-out terminal 114.
Fig. 7 has listed the function of the BUCK transducer among Fig. 6.With before switch 104 closures, the voltage source 102 of BUCK transducer 100 does not connect, thereby does not have current flowing in BUCK transducer 100 in step 200.In step 202, switch closure, and flow through inductance 108 with respect to the obstruction of the reactance of inductor 108 from the electric current of voltage source 102.At this moment, therefore diode 106, does not have current flowing through comprising the leg of circuit of diode 106 because of voltage source 102 reverse bias.When switch 104 is closed and electric current when flowing through inductance 108, electric current increases with constant speed, and inductance 108 magnetic field that produces the storage additional energies.In step 204, after time T 1, switch 104 is disconnected.Be stored in the energy generation current in remaining circuit in the magnetic field of inductor 108, then diode 106 forward bias.When switch 104 remained open, electric current reduced with constant speed.In step 206, again with switch 104 closures, and repeat from the process of step 202 beginning after the elapsed time T2.The transistor that switch 104 in the BUCK transducer normally turns on and off at a certain frequency place, and can change transistorized duty factor with pulse width modulation, thus can change output voltage.The switchtype example of using in the inductive switching electric pressure converter comprises transistors such as MOSFET, JFET, PNP transistor and NPN transistor.The BUCK transducer of least cost time quantum in height dissipates conversion etc., thereby the BUCK transducer can be very effective, its efficient is usually above 80%.The BUCK transducer is especially preferred, and is because they do not comprise transformer, therefore less than many other power reduction devices.
Will be understood by those skilled in the art that; be described although top reference has the power supply unit of three-phase input, under the situation that does not break away from the scope of the invention, can utilize single-phase or the n cross streams is inputted and realized equivalently having capacitor, rectifier and filter, latch cicuit, the inductive switching electric pressure converter that is connected in series and the power supply unit that also may have overvoltage crowbar.As example, Fig. 8 shows single-phase input 810, have the capacitor level 812 of the capacitor that is connected in series and can be connected to the overvoltage crowbar 16 among Fig. 2 and can be connected to equivalently/alternatively the low pressure latch cicuit 18 of Fig. 3 and rectifier and the filter 814 of inductive switching transducer 20.
As a kind of possibility, can use timer or delay circuit or software, be configured to not start with inductive switching electric pressure converter and input decoupling or with the inductive switching electric pressure converter when being connected to the input of power supply unit with convenient three-phase alternating voltage and switch or so that the idle mode of inductive switching electric pressure converter is switched.Do not work under full load by power supply unit being configured to when three-phase alternating voltage is connected to the input of power supply unit the inductive switching electric pressure converter, before the inductive switching electric pressure converter was attempted to work under full load, the input of the voltage of inductive switching electric pressure converter rose to the level that is enough to run switch induced voltage transducer if having time.As a kind of possibility, the low pressure latch cicuit can be configured to provide above-mentioned delay.
Resistor-capacitor circuit-rectifier as shown in Figure 2-capacitor circuit (12,14) is effective as voltage limited current source and carries out work.As can be seen from Figure 5, only can obtain 22.3mA, so available horsepower depends among Fig. 2 the voltage on the C8, i.e. VCC1.VCC1 is higher, and then power output may be higher.In this case, when only having voltage on the VCC1 to be higher than 56V, the BUCK transducer just may be worked under full load.If VCC1 is lower than 56V, then the input impedance of BUCK transducer will reduce, thereby cause VCC1 further to reduce.By preventing that the BUCK transducer from drawing above 22.3mA, can prevent the VCC1 collapse.
Fig. 9 shows the block diagram of the power supply unit example of using the switch on delay strategy.In frame 910, the input three-phase alternating voltage, the part voltage of each phase is formed in the capacitor stage 912 on each capacitor.The output of capacitor level is received as the input of rectifier and filter 914, and in this case, the three-phase full-wave diode bridge has level and smooth output, and the output of rectifier and filter stage 914 is received by deferred mount 916.Deferred mount 916 has following output: i.e. this output until deferred mount 916 inputs receive from rectifier and filter stage 914 rectification and level and smooth after voltage or just be activated after a period of time after three-phase voltage is connected to three-phase input stage 910.As an example, deferred mount can be implemented as and postpone or timer circuit.
Figure 10 shows the example of deferred mount 1000.In this circuit, resistor R6 and capacitor C4 are as the RC circuit with constant correlation time.This delay circuit receives the output of rectifier and filter 914 in its input.Capacitor C4 charges gradually by resistor R6, until the voltage on the C4 equals the Base-Emitter turn-on voltage of transistor Q4.At this moment the Darlington drive current amplifier that is comprised of transistor Q4 and Q5 is connected, the voltage divider that electric current is flowed through and formed by resistor R4 and R5, the voltage that is higher than the base-emitter conducting voltage of transistor Q6 is formed on the Base-Emitter of transistor Q6 and ties, and forms an electromotive force that approaches with some VCC1 at a VCC2.Because the time constant of resistor-capacitor circuit network R6-C4 occurs postponing at a voltage that the VCC1 place provides with between a formed voltage in VCC2 place.As another possibility, deferred mount can be realized by software, this software be arranged to when when processor is carried out so that the connection of three-phase alternating voltage (for example at input frame 910, in the output of capacitor level 912, in the output of rectifier and filter 914 or in other a kind of mode) is monitored.Through after the time period of presetting, activate the output of deferred mount 916, with the non-limiting operation of activator switch induced voltage transducer 918.Can be by the current signal that can work under full load of indicator cock induced voltage transducer (for example a rising edge signal or trailing edge signal) be sent to the activation that inductive switching electric pressure converter 918 is realized inductive switching electric pressure converter 918.As another kind of possibility, the output that the activation of inductive switching electric pressure converter 918 can be connected to by the input with inductive switching electric pressure converter 918 rectifier and filter 914 realizes.Also have another possibility, the activation of inductive switching electric pressure converter 918 can be connected or not connect to change its behavior with the output stage of inductive switching electric pressure converter 918 and realize by one or more impedance is switched to.
As another possibility, Figure 11 shows the circuit diagram of another kind of latch cicuit and inductive switching electric pressure converter.Latch cicuit 1102 is arranged to activation signal be offered inductive switching electric pressure converter 1104 at the voltage that latchs that presets when above when the input voltage of VCC1.In this example, inductive switching electric pressure converter 1104 is by ONNN (ON Semiconductor, registered trade mark) NCP3063BDR2G that provides, it has is arranged to the comparator anti-phase input that inductive switching electric pressure converter 1104 is activated when the comparator anti-phase input is very low.In the latch cicuit 1102 of Figure 11, paired reverse biased Zener diode D29 and D25 are used separately as with resistor R97 and R102 and form voltage divider and a voltage clamp of the voltage at VCC1 place.When a voltage at VCC1 place latchs threshold value when above what preset, the base-emitter voltage of transistor T R23 will be higher than the Base-Emitter turn-on voltage of transistor T R23, electric current will flow to emitter from the collector electrode of transistor T R23 thus, thereby the base voltage of transistor T R24 is descended and transistor T R24 shutoff.In this case, inductive switching electric pressure converter integrated circuit is very low at the voltage of reverse comparator input, and inductive switching electric pressure converter 1104 is activated.Preset when latching voltage when a voltage at VCC1 place is lower than, transistor T R23 turn-offs, and transistor T R24 connects, and the voltage of the anti-phase comparator input of inductive switching electric pressure converter 1104 is very high, thereby inductive switching electric pressure converter 1104 is not activated.
It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art, in the situation that the inductive switching electric pressure converter was connected in full load lower time, the latch cicuit work of here describing so that behind the incoming transport voltage of input, postpones above producing before latching threshold value at a voltage at VCC1 place.Therefore, the output of latch cicuit is activator switch induced voltage transducer after a period of time behind incoming transport voltage only, and the inductive switching electric pressure converter is arranged to: only just operate after the output of latch cicuit receives activation signal in the input of inductive switching electric pressure converter.
Because three-phase capacitor BUCK power supply unit reduces voltage with capacitor, thereby do not need heaviness and expensive transformer.In addition, because the voltage after the pressure drop at some VCC1 place may be lower than 100V, so, common rectifier bridge can be used, and high-voltage diode/rectifier needn't be used.And, use the DC-DC converter of BUCK type that stable output voltage can be arranged, and then can use inductor small-sized and that cost is low.
It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art, although top reference uses the example of three-phase full-wave diode bridge rectifier to be described, can use the rectifier of other types, for example can use two-phase diode bridge or half-wave rectifier.
It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art, although above-mentioned series capacitor be with input resistor R1, R2, the mode of R3 and R810 series connection is described and is illustrated, but here described power supply unit also can be realized under one or more situation in not having these resistors equivalently.For example, in the low situation of supply voltage distortion, just do not need these resistors.
It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art, although top overvoltage crowbar with reference to figure 2 is described, under the condition that does not break away from the scope of the invention, can use other overvoltage circuit.Those skilled in the art be also to be understood that alternatively, can omit overvoltage crowbar in the power supply unit described herein.
It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that what relate to is connected to electronic component the electrical connection that one or more electric current can be flowed that other electronic component refers to these elements here between these elements.
The particular value of the electronic component of here mentioning is used for supplementary explanation, it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that under the condition that does not break away from the scope of the invention, these values can change.Similarly, although the top BUCK transducer of TPS57060-Q1 and NCP3063BDR2G element that uses especially the time with reference to the BUCK transducer is illustrated, can adopt equivalently the inductive switching electric pressure converter of other types.And, provided the Reference numeral of particular element in the literary composition, providing them is to use other similar elements for the ease of explaining, those skilled in the art will appreciate that under the condition that is not separated from the scope of the invention, can substituting.
Claims (24)
1. power supply unit comprises:
Input stage, this input stage are used for receiving alternating voltage;
Rectifier, this rectifier has input and output, and is arranged to: when providing alternating voltage in described rectifier input, produce direct voltage in described rectifier output place;
Capacitor level, this capacitor level is connected to the input stage of described power supply unit the input of described rectifier, described capacitor level is arranged to: when providing alternating voltage when the output that connects loads to described rectifier and at described input stage place, the part of the alternating voltage that provides at described input stage place is formed on the described capacitor level;
Latch cicuit, this latch cicuit has input and output, this input is connected to the output of described rectifier, described latch cicuit has the second operating state that electric current can flow between the first operating state that flows between the input and output of described latch cicuit and electric current can not the input and output at described latch cicuit, described latch cicuit is arranged to: in the time will being applied to the input of described latch cicuit above the voltage that threshold value latchs voltage, described latch cicuit is operated in described the first operating state, otherwise described latch cicuit is operated in described the second operating state; And
The inductive switching electric pressure converter, this inductive switching electric pressure converter has input and output, the input of described inductive switching electric pressure converter is connected to the output of described latch cicuit, described inductive switching electric pressure converter conversion is arranged to: first direct voltage that will provide in described inductive switching electric pressure converter input converts the second direct voltage to, and provides described the second direct voltage in output place of described inductive switching electric pressure converter.
2. power supply unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein said input stage comprise that the input of being arranged to make described input stage is coupled to the resistor of described capacitor level.
3. power supply unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
Described input stage is used for receiving three-phase alternating voltage;
Described rectifier is three-phase rectifier; And
Described capacitor level has the capacitor for each phase of three-phase, each capacitor has for the input that receives one of three alternating voltages and is connected to the output of the input of described rectifier, and be arranged to: when one of described three alternating voltages being applied to described input and connecting loads to the output of described rectifier, the part of the alternating voltage that applies is formed on this capacitor.
4. power supply unit as claimed in claim 3, wherein, described input stage comprises three resistors, each resistor is arranged to an input that is coupled to a corresponding capacitor in the described capacitor in three inputs of described input stage.
5. such as each described power supply unit in the aforementioned claim, also comprise the output that is connected to described rectifier and the voltage limitator between the ground, wherein said voltage limitator is arranged to: when the voltage in the output of described rectifier surpassed the overvoltage threshold that presets, described voltage limitator flowed electric current between described rectifier output and ground.
6. each described power supply unit as in the aforementioned claim, wherein said inductive switching electric pressure converter is arranged to: by stored energy and discharge the energy store via diode and convert the first direct voltage to second direct voltage in inductor alternately.
7. power supply unit as claimed in claim 6, wherein said inductive switching electric pressure converter is arranged to: between the energy that stored energy and release are stored in inductance by the closed and disconnected switch alternately.
8. such as each described power supply unit in the aforementioned claim, wherein said inductive switching electric pressure converter is step-down controller.
9. power supply unit comprises:
Capacitor, this capacitor has input and output;
Rectifier, this rectifier is connected to the output of described capacitor;
Deferred mount, this deferred mount is arranged to: after alternating voltage being connected to capacitor input after the in the past time period, provide activation signal in output place of described deferred mount; And
The inductive switching DC-to-DC voltage converter, this inductive switching DC-to-DC voltage converter has the input of the output that is connected to described deferred mount, described inductive switching DC-to-DC voltage converter is arranged to: after the input of described inductive switching DC-to-DC voltage converter receives described activation signal, at least part of voltage of being crossed by described rectifier rectification is carried out the conversion of DC-to-DC.
10. power supply unit as claimed in claim 9, the wherein said time period is the time period of presetting.
11. such as claim 9 or 10 described power supply units, wherein said deferred mount comprises be used to the timing circuit that the described time period is set.
12. such as claim 9 or 10 described power supply units, wherein said deferred mount has the second operating state that electric current can flow between the first operating state that flows between the input and output of described deferred mount and electric current can not the input and output at described deferred mount, described deferred mount is arranged to: when the input of the voltage-drop loading that will latch voltage above threshold value at described deferred mount, described deferred mount is operated in described the first operating state, otherwise described deferred mount is operated in described the second operating state.
13. a method that is used for power supply unit comprises:
Receive alternating voltage at the input stage place;
The part alternating voltage that described input stage place is received is formed on the capacitor level, and described capacitor level is connected to the input stage of described power supply unit the input of rectifier;
The voltage that is provided by described capacitor level in the place's rectification of described rectifier;
When surpassing threshold value through the voltage of rectification and latch voltage, make the current direction that flows out from described rectifier be used for the inductive switching electric pressure converter of DC-to-DC conversion, otherwise, make electric current from the output stream of described rectifier to ground.
14. method as claimed in claim 13 also comprises: when receiving alternating voltage at described input stage place, use the resistor that described capacitor level is coupled in the input of described input stage to reduce electric current.
15. such as claim 13 or 14 described methods, wherein:
The alternating voltage that receives is three-phase alternating voltage;
The part of the every cross streams voltage that receives is formed on the capacitor level; And
Described rectification comprises: the three-phase voltage that rectification is provided by described capacitor level.
16. such as each described method in the aforementioned claim 13 to 15, also comprise: when the voltage through rectification surpasses predetermined overvoltage threshold, make the current direction ground that flows out from described rectifier.
17. such as each described method in the aforementioned claim 13 to 16, also comprise: when the voltage through rectification latched voltage above threshold value, first direct voltage that will provide in the input of described inductive switching electric pressure converter converted the second direct voltage to.
18. method as claimed in claim 17 is wherein by stored energy and discharge the energy store via diode and carry out voltage transitions in inductor alternately.
19. method as claimed in claim 18 is wherein come in inductor stored energy by the closed and disconnected switch and is released energy from inductor.
20. a method that is used for power supply unit comprises:
Alternating voltage is connected to input stage;
The part of the alternating voltage that receives is formed on to be connected to described input stage on the capacitor level of input of rectifier;
The voltage that is provided by described capacitor level in the place's rectification of described rectifier;
After the in the past time period, activator switch is responded to DC-to-DC voltage converter after alternating voltage is connected to described input stage.
21. method as claimed in claim 20, the wherein said time period is the time period of presetting.
22. such as claim 20 or 21 described methods, comprising: activate described inductive switching DC-to-DC voltage converter by making electric current flow to described inductive switching DC-to-DC voltage converter from described rectifier.
23. such as each described method in the aforementioned claim 20 to 22, also comprise: after the described time period of process, first direct voltage that will provide in the input of described inductive switching electric pressure converter is converted into the second direct voltage.
24. one kind basically such as the method that electric power is provided or power supply unit that describe in the literary composition and/or as shown in the drawing.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB1207665.9 | 2012-04-30 | ||
| GB1207665.9A GB2501723B (en) | 2012-04-30 | 2012-04-30 | Power supply |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103378753A true CN103378753A (en) | 2013-10-30 |
Family
ID=46330671
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012103476345A Pending CN103378753A (en) | 2012-04-30 | 2012-09-18 | Power supply |
| CN2013202243598U Expired - Fee Related CN203278676U (en) | 2012-04-30 | 2013-04-27 | Power supply device |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2013202243598U Expired - Fee Related CN203278676U (en) | 2012-04-30 | 2013-04-27 | Power supply device |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (2) | CN103378753A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2501723B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106575924A (en) * | 2014-07-24 | 2017-04-19 | 西门子公司 | Electrical power conversion system |
| CN111781871A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-10-16 | 镇江宇诚智能装备科技有限责任公司 | Intelligent body structure and multi-peripheral module splicing and identifying method thereof |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR3090243A1 (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2020-06-19 | Valeo Systemes De Controle Moteur | Electric circuit for charging a DC voltage source |
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| CN1136369A (en) * | 1994-09-30 | 1996-11-20 | 艾利森电话股份有限公司 | Rectifer bridge apparatus |
| US20060126368A1 (en) * | 2004-12-13 | 2006-06-15 | Thomas & Betts International, Inc | Switching power supply with capacitor input for a wide range of AC input voltages |
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| CN101867168A (en) * | 2010-05-21 | 2010-10-20 | 海洋王照明科技股份有限公司 | Power protecting circuit and LED lamp |
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| US4600982A (en) * | 1984-02-22 | 1986-07-15 | Rolm Corporation | Low power consuming AC to DC converter |
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- 2012-04-30 GB GB1207665.9A patent/GB2501723B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2012-09-18 CN CN2012103476345A patent/CN103378753A/en active Pending
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2013
- 2013-04-27 CN CN2013202243598U patent/CN203278676U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| CN1136369A (en) * | 1994-09-30 | 1996-11-20 | 艾利森电话股份有限公司 | Rectifer bridge apparatus |
| US20060126368A1 (en) * | 2004-12-13 | 2006-06-15 | Thomas & Betts International, Inc | Switching power supply with capacitor input for a wide range of AC input voltages |
| CN101236445A (en) * | 2007-01-30 | 2008-08-06 | 刘世安 | Power consumption free voltage stabilizing power source circuit |
| CN201478790U (en) * | 2009-08-03 | 2010-05-19 | 江苏国星电器有限公司 | Electromagnetic undervoltage release |
| CN101867168A (en) * | 2010-05-21 | 2010-10-20 | 海洋王照明科技股份有限公司 | Power protecting circuit and LED lamp |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106575924A (en) * | 2014-07-24 | 2017-04-19 | 西门子公司 | Electrical power conversion system |
| US10091885B2 (en) | 2014-07-24 | 2018-10-02 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Electrical power conversion system |
| CN106575924B (en) * | 2014-07-24 | 2019-10-08 | 西门子公司 | Electric power conversion system |
| CN111781871A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-10-16 | 镇江宇诚智能装备科技有限责任公司 | Intelligent body structure and multi-peripheral module splicing and identifying method thereof |
| CN111781871B (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2021-10-01 | 镇江宇诚智能装备科技有限责任公司 | Intelligent body structure and multi-peripheral module splicing and identifying method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2501723A (en) | 2013-11-06 |
| GB2501723B (en) | 2017-08-23 |
| GB201207665D0 (en) | 2012-06-13 |
| CN203278676U (en) | 2013-11-06 |
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Application publication date: 20131030 |