CN203278433U - Motor device with velocity measurement apparatus - Google Patents
Motor device with velocity measurement apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN203278433U CN203278433U CN 201320150389 CN201320150389U CN203278433U CN 203278433 U CN203278433 U CN 203278433U CN 201320150389 CN201320150389 CN 201320150389 CN 201320150389 U CN201320150389 U CN 201320150389U CN 203278433 U CN203278433 U CN 203278433U
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- motor
- permanent magnet
- electric machine
- armature supply
- brush
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Abstract
A motor device with a velocity measurement apparatus is disclosed and comprises: a permanent magnetism direct current motor, a current measurement apparatus, and a velocity calculation apparatus. The current measurement apparatus is configured to measure an armature current of the permanent magnetism direct current motor during operation of the permanent magnetism direct current motor; and the velocity calculation apparatus is configured to calculate a rotation speed of the permanent magnetism direct current motor based on analysis of a periodic pulse of a measured armature current. The motor device with the velocity measurement apparatus is characterized in that: in the permanent magnetism direct current motor, the ratio of a quantity of a rotor groove to a quantity of a magnetic pole and the ration of a quantity of a commutator segment to the quantity of the magnetic pole are integers.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to permanent magnet DC motor, is specifically related to the electric machine with measurement mechanism that uses in automotive seat for example.
Background technology
Every field in the permanent magnet DC motor extensive use.For example, in the sedan limousine in modern times, usually can contain tens motors, for example, be used for the permanent magnet DC motor of vehicles seat position.At present, usually adopt the voltage of Hall element to detect motor rotation position and rotating speed, then send electronic control unit (ECU) to.ECU can send fill order after by analysis, by drive unit, the automotive seat position is regulated.This method produces circuit, trigger element and the various electronic component of Hall element due to needs, caused the raising on the motor cost, and each device also takies the motor internal space simultaneously.
For this reason, people have proposed a kind of speed-measuring method without transducer.This method is directly measured motor speed by the alternating current component in the armature supply of analyzing motor.According to the reversing principle of direct current machine as can be known, when commutation, brush can slide between commutator segment, connect and some element of short circuit, so the electromotive force of armature circuit changes, and this will cause the pulsation of the loop current generating period of power supply and motor formation.Different from the technology of using Hall element, this method does not need special circuit output signal, only need directly the alternating current component output signal of electric current to be introduced central processing unit, by detecting the periodic electric current wave mode number in often turning, the particular location that rotor or commutator segment move can be obtained, the rotating speed of motor can be known simultaneously.
The frequency of flutter component satisfies following relation:
Wherein, k is the commutator segment number, and n is motor speed, and p is the magnetic pole logarithm, and c determined by the parity of number of segment, when k is even number, and c=1; When k is odd number, c=2.According to this formula, as long as know the frequency of pulsating current, just can obtain the rotating speed of motor.This method is simple and convenient, and has larger cost advantage.
Yet due to the restriction of jamming in computer CPU ability, armature supply need to satisfy certain specification requirement: for example restriction of the maximum speed of motor, the requirement of the effective value of electric current (as RMS), the proportion requirement that each harmonic is shared.For example,,, require to meet the following conditions with in the SLP technical standard (a kind of European enterprise standard) of permanent magnet DC motor when using armature supply to detect motor speed at relevant automotive seat:
(1) effective value of ripple current is I
rms〉=0.18A;
（2）
Wherein, P
bfBe fundamental frequency power; P
2bfBe two times of fundamental frequency power; P
TotalBe gross power.
(3) sample frequency is:
f
s=3.33kHz
(4) motor speed requires:
Number of segment n for even number
max≤ 84,000/k,
For odd number number of segment n
max≤ 42,000/k,
Wherein k is number of segment.
In above requirement, the effective value of ripple current is even more important.Also do not exist at present the effective value of the ripple current in a kind of armature supply of effective raising permanent magnet DC motor so that the technology of motor speed measuring.
The utility model content
Aspect one of the present utility model, a kind of electric machine with speed measuring device is provided, comprising: permanent magnet DC motor; Current measuring device is used at the operation process of permanent magnet DC motor, the armature supply of permanent magnet DC motor being measured; Speed counting device is used for it is characterized in that by the analysis of the periodically pulsing of measured armature supply being calculated the rotating speed of permanent magnet DC motor that the rotor number of described permanent magnet DC motor and number of segment are integer with the ratio of number of magnetic poles.
The utility model has improved the effective value of the ripple current in the armature supply of permanent magnet DC motor effectively, thereby is conducive to satisfy relevant automotive seat with the SLP technical standard of permanent magnet DC motor, help to realize to motor speed without sensor measurement.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 shows a kind of electric machine 1 with speed measuring device according to embodiment of the present utility model;
Fig. 2 A shows the armature supply waveform of exemplary four utmost point 12 groove motors;
Fig. 2 B shows commutation and the principle of stacking figure of these exemplary four utmost point 12 groove motors;
Fig. 3 A shows the armature supply waveform of exemplary four utmost point six groove motors as a comparison;
Fig. 3 B shows commutation and the principle of stacking figure of these exemplary four utmost point six groove motors;
Fig. 4 shows four utmost point ten groove neodymium iron boron motor examples and four utmost point 12 groove neodymium iron boron motor examples and the current waveform of four utmost point 12 channel oxysome motor examples and the contrast of test result.
Embodiment
Referring now to Fig. 1, it shows a kind of electric machine 1 with speed measuring device according to embodiment of the present utility model.As shown in the figure, this electric machine 1 comprises: permanent magnet DC motor 2, current measuring device 3, and speed counting device 4.
Described current measuring device 3 is used at the operation process of permanent magnet DC motor, the armature supply of permanent magnet DC motor being measured, and sends measured armature supply to speed counting device 4.Described speed counting device 4 is used for by the analysis of the periodically pulsing of measured armature supply being calculated the rotating speed of permanent magnet DC motor.
In one embodiment, this current measuring device 3 can be a current transformer, this speed counting device 4 can comprise a data collecting card and a processor, the binding post of this current transformer is connected with data collecting card, thereby by data collecting card, measured current delivery is processed to processor.Described speed counting device 4 also can comprise memory and display, store in memory and for basis, the analysis of the periodically pulsing of armature supply is calculated the software of motor speed, processor can be completed its function by carrying out this software, and can be presented at result of calculation in display or otherwise export to the user.In one embodiment, described calculation element 4 is the ECU on automobile.
In embodiment more of the present utility model, the rotor number of described permanent magnet DC motor and number of segment are integer with the ratio of number of magnetic poles.For example, this permanent magnet DC motor can be 12 motors of 4 utmost point 12 grooves.In other embodiment of the present utility model, the rotor number of described permanent magnet DC motor is non-integer with the ratio of number of magnetic poles, and the ratio of number of segment and number of magnetic poles is integer.For example, this permanent magnet DC motor can be 12 motors of 4 utmost point 6 grooves.
According to a specific embodiment of the present utility model, the number of magnetic poles of described permanent magnet DC motor is 4, and rotor number and number of segment are 12, and the brush number is 2, and two brushes are positioned on circumference the position at a distance of 1/4 girth.
Fig. 2 A shows the armature supply waveform of exemplary four utmost point 12 groove motors.Fig. 2 B shows commutation and the principle of stacking figure of these exemplary four utmost point 12 groove motors.As shown in Fig. 2 B, the commutator of this motor has 12 commutator segments corresponding with 12 grooves of rotor, and two brushes contact with the winding in rotor with commutator segment electric current is provided.Commutator with rotor rotation process in, brush is successively from the contact of different commutator segment with leave, thereby stops successively to previous commutator segment power supply, and beginning is to next commutator segment power supply, this is commutation process.As shown in the drawing, because the ratio of rotor number (thereby number of segment) and number of magnetic poles is integer, two brushes will be crossed over an integer commutator segment on week at commutator cylindrical, thereby make two brushes will commutate simultaneously in the commutator rotary course, namely two brushes are synchronizeed with the commutation process that commutator occurs, and short-circuited coil is symmetrical, so the peak value of a plurality of winding current stack is higher, thereby the effective value of armature supply waveform is also higher, as shown in Fig. 2 A.
Fig. 3 A shows the armature supply waveform of exemplary four utmost point six groove motors as a comparison.Fig. 3 B shows commutation and the principle of stacking figure of these exemplary four utmost point six groove motors.As shown in Fig. 3 B, the commutator of this motor has 6 commutator segments corresponding with 6 grooves of rotor, and two brushes contact with the winding in rotor with commutator segment electric current is provided.Because the ratio of rotor number (thereby number of segment) and number of magnetic poles is non-integer, two brushes will be crossed over a non-integer commutator segment on week at commutator cylindrical, thereby make the not commutation simultaneously in the commutator rotary course of two brushes, namely the commutation process that occurs of two brushes and commutator is nonsynchronous, short-circuited coil is asymmetric, the one high and one low phenomenon of current peak can occur, cause the effective value of whole current waveform can't be within the scope of meeting the demands, as shown in Figure 3A.In an embodiment of the present utility model, ratio for this groove number and number of magnetic poles is non-integral motor, can be integer by number of segment being doubled make number of segment and the ratio of number of magnetic poles, thereby realize synchronous communicating, improve peak value and the effective value of armature supply, to satisfy the requirement of standard.
In addition, owing to there being the brush permanent magnet DC motor to contain this particularity of brush, short circuit during commutation is to produce with contacting of two commutator segments by brush, and from microcosmic angle, it can not be closely that brush contacts with commutator segment, but present rugged, the closing of contact that has in moving process, and some contacts have separated, the contact separates moment due to the impact of self induction electromotive force, to produce electric spark, this can make normal current produce the high frequency burr.So, need to adopt suitable brush material to suppress the generation of electric spark.For this reason, in an embodiment of the present utility model, the copper content of the brush of described permanent magnet DC motor is about 30%.Such material can suppress the generation of electric spark effectively.
In addition, for further suppressing the generation of electric spark, in an embodiment of the present utility model, by suitable structure, size design and allowance control, make the brush of described permanent magnet DC motor and the swing of brush holder in the operation process of permanent magnet DC motor less.
According to an embodiment of the present utility model, this electric machine 1 also comprises the high-frequency filter circuit for the high fdrequency component of eliminating measured armature supply.This high-frequency filter circuit can be between described current measuring device 3 and speed counting device 4.
Fig. 4 shows four utmost point ten groove neodymium iron boron motor examples and four utmost point 12 groove neodymium iron boron motor examples and the current waveform of four utmost point 12 channel oxysome motor examples and the contrast of test result.As shown in the drawing, the peak value of the current waveform of four utmost point ten groove neodymium iron boron motor examples is one high and one low phenomenon, and current effective value is 0.116A, does not reach the standard-required of 0.18A; The peak value of the current waveform of four utmost point 12 groove neodymium iron boron motor examples is all more regular, and current effective value is 0.425A, has reached standard-required; The peak value of the current waveform of four utmost point 12 channel oxysome examples is also more regular, and current effective value is 0.323A, has also reached standard-required.
More than show embodiment of the present utility model, be to be noted that above description only is exemplary illustration, rather than to restriction of the present utility model.In other embodiment of the present utility model, can comprise more, still less or different features.Claimed scope of the present utility model only is defined by the following claims.
Claims (8)
1. electric machine with speed measuring device comprises:
Permanent magnet DC motor;
Current measuring device is configured in the operation process of permanent magnet DC motor the armature supply to permanent magnet DC motor and measures;
Speed counting device is configured to by the analysis of the periodically pulsing of measured armature supply being calculated the rotating speed of permanent magnet DC motor,
It is characterized in that, the rotor number of described permanent magnet DC motor and number of segment are integer with the ratio of number of magnetic poles.
2. according to claim 1 electric machine, wherein, the number of magnetic poles of described permanent magnet DC motor is 4, and rotor number and number of segment are 12, and the brush number is 2, and two brushes are positioned on circumference the position at a distance of 1/4 girth.
3. according to claim 1 electric machine, wherein, the copper content of the brush of described permanent magnet DC motor is about 30%.
4. according to claim 1 electric machine, wherein, the swing in the operation process of permanent magnet DC motor of the brush of described permanent magnet DC motor and brush holder is less.
5. according to claim 1 electric machine, also comprise the high-frequency filter circuit that is configured to eliminate the high fdrequency component in measured armature supply.
6. electric machine with speed measuring device comprises:
Permanent magnet DC motor;
Current measuring device is configured in the operation process of permanent magnet DC motor the armature supply to permanent magnet DC motor and measures;
Speed counting device is configured to by the analysis of the periodically pulsing of measured armature supply being calculated the rotating speed of motor,
It is characterized in that, the rotor number of described permanent magnet DC motor is non-integer with the ratio of number of magnetic poles, and the ratio of the number of segment of described permanent magnet DC motor and number of magnetic poles is integer.
7. according to claim 6 electric machine, wherein, the swing in the operation process of permanent magnet DC motor of the brush of described permanent magnet DC motor and brush holder is less.
8. according to claim 6 electric machine, also comprise the high-frequency filter circuit that is configured to eliminate the high fdrequency component in measured armature supply.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201320150389 CN203278433U (en) | 2013-03-29 | 2013-03-29 | Motor device with velocity measurement apparatus |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201320150389 CN203278433U (en) | 2013-03-29 | 2013-03-29 | Motor device with velocity measurement apparatus |
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| CN203278433U true CN203278433U (en) | 2013-11-06 |
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| CN 201320150389 Expired - Fee Related CN203278433U (en) | 2013-03-29 | 2013-03-29 | Motor device with velocity measurement apparatus |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106548814A (en) * | 2015-09-21 | 2017-03-29 | 大亚湾核电运营管理有限责任公司 | Auxiliary water feed system of nuclear power plant pneumatic pump rotation-speed measuring device method of calibration and device |
| CN108351365A (en) * | 2015-11-18 | 2018-07-31 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | The method and apparatus of rotating speed in generator unit for identification |
-
2013
- 2013-03-29 CN CN 201320150389 patent/CN203278433U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106548814A (en) * | 2015-09-21 | 2017-03-29 | 大亚湾核电运营管理有限责任公司 | Auxiliary water feed system of nuclear power plant pneumatic pump rotation-speed measuring device method of calibration and device |
| CN106548814B (en) * | 2015-09-21 | 2018-07-03 | 大亚湾核电运营管理有限责任公司 | Auxiliary water feed system of nuclear power plant pneumatic pump rotation-speed measuring device method of calibration and device |
| CN108351365A (en) * | 2015-11-18 | 2018-07-31 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | The method and apparatus of rotating speed in generator unit for identification |
| CN108351365B (en) * | 2015-11-18 | 2020-06-26 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Method and device for detecting the rotational speed in a generator unit |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20131106 Termination date: 20210329 |