CN102608438B - Method for determining corresponding relation of phase sequence of stator winding and encoder - Google Patents
Method for determining corresponding relation of phase sequence of stator winding and encoder Download PDFInfo
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- CN102608438B CN102608438B CN201210048862.2A CN201210048862A CN102608438B CN 102608438 B CN102608438 B CN 102608438B CN 201210048862 A CN201210048862 A CN 201210048862A CN 102608438 B CN102608438 B CN 102608438B
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- stator winding
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- encoder
- scrambler
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for determining corresponding relation of a phase sequence of a stator winding of a brushless direct current motor and an encoder and a detecting device. The method determines the phase sequence of the stator winding according to a zero crossing point of voltage among the stator windings based on the potential zero crossing point of a counter electromotive force and a commutation point (rising edge and descending edge of an output signal of the encoder); and determines the corresponding relation between an interface of the encoder and the stator winding according to the corresponding relation of the zero crossing point of the stator winding and the rising edge and descending edge of an output signal of the encoder. The device provided by the invention uses a microprocessor system as an operational processing unit, combines a periphery hardware detection unit to detect the zero crossing point of voltage among the stator windings and the rising edge and descending edge of the output signal of the encoder so as to judge the phase at one time and determine the corresponding relation between the windings of phases and the interface of the encoder. The invention avoids the problem caused by delay of an electric angle, has the advantages of intuitive and accurate steps and simple structure of the detection device, and is appropriate for detection and judgment of the brushless direct current motor.
Description
The application is that application number is 200910311111.3, the applying date is on Dec 9th, 2009, name be called < < stator winding phase sequence and with the dividing an application of the patented claim of scrambler corresponding relation determining method and device > >.
Technical field
The present invention relates to brushless direct current motor, particularly brushless DC motor stator winding phase sequence and with scrambler corresponding relation determining method and pick-up unit.
Background technology
Brshless DC motor adopts electronic commutating device to replace the mechanical commutation device of traditional direct current generator, has and the similar mechanical property of direct current generator, and brushless direct current motor magnet steel is placed on rotor, and stator winding distributes at space uniform.For threephase stator winding, be separated by the respectively space angle of 2 π/3 of its U phase winding, V phase winding, W phase winding.By constantly converting threephase stator winding step mode, produce rotating magnetic field and drive rotor to rotate.For the brushless direct current motor with multi phase stator winding, except the space angle difference that stator winding distributes, its principle of work is identical.The commutation of brushless DC motor stator winding is controlled by inverter, make brshless DC motor rotate, and must give in sequence stator winding electrifying.Scrambler is by the position of magnetic pole of detection rotor, and output commutation drives signal, and servo-drive system drives signal according to the commutation of scrambler output, and switching tube turn-on and turn-off in control inverter, realize the correct commutation of stator winding.Determining the relation of stator winding phase sequence and encoder output and corresponding winding, is the basis of realizing correct commutation.
When direct current motor dispatches from the factory, need its scrambler output pin definition of complete demarcation and the definition of motor winding leads.In reality, if motor data loss or cannot determine rotor magnetic pole position and stator winding corresponding relation because motor is of the remote past, motor cannot use so.Because the confusion of motor phase sequence or rotor-position and stator winding corresponding relation are indefinite, cannot provide correct information for motor commutation, may cause brshless DC motor cannot start or step-out, although motor can rotate sometimes, damage most probably electric machine controller.Even if there is related data, if position signalling and winding relation are incorrect, easily there is damaging the problem of controller, institute thinks to guarantee safe their relation to be verified to be also necessary.
When direct current motor occurs that phase sequence is chaotic, scrambler corresponding relation is unclear, or while alternating coding the situations such as device, the general method adopting of prior art is: 1, rotor is turned to ad-hoc location, stator winding electrifying is detected.The method is complicated to polyphase windings brshless DC motor testing process, and winding electrical current is not easy to control, and has certain risk.2, oscillograph carries out the method for waveform comparison, has certain subjectivity, and degree of accuracy is not high.
Summary of the invention
This technical matters to be solved of the present invention, complicated for prior art stator winding phase sequence detecting method exactly, judge problem inaccurate, poor accuracy, provide a kind of simple phase sequence to determine method and phase sequence and scrambler corresponding relation determining method and pick-up unit thereof.
The present invention solve the technical problem the stator winding phase sequence of employing and determines method, comprises the following steps:
A, rotation DC motor rotor produce electromotive force in stator winding;
Voltage over zero between b, detection stator winding;
C, according to the order of voltage over zero between stator winding, determine stator winding phase sequence;
Concrete:
In step b, described stator winding is three phase windings, adopts Y shape to connect, and setting certain winding is U phase winding, detects voltage over zero between other windings and U phase winding;
In step c, the winding that voltage first arrives zero crossing is V phase winding, and another winding is W phase winding.
Stator winding phase sequence of the present invention and scrambler corresponding relation determining method, comprise the following steps:
α, rotation DC motor rotor produce electromotive force in stator winding;
β, detection stator winding be voltage over zero between any two;
γ, detection scrambler outputs level signals rising edge and negative edge;
δ, according to the stator winding corresponding relation of voltage over zero and scrambler outputs level signals rising edge or negative edge between any two, determine direct current motor stator winding phase sequence and scrambler corresponding relation;
Concrete:
In step β, described stator winding is three phase windings, and stator winding adopts Y shape to connect, and detects respectively voltage e between U phase winding and V phase winding
uvvoltage e between zero crossing, W phase winding and U phase winding
wuvoltage e between zero crossing and V phase winding and W phase winding
vwzero crossing;
In step δ, work as e
uvduring zero crossing, rising edge or the negative edge of certain output terminal of scrambler detected, this output terminal of scrambler is corresponding with V phase winding; Work as e
wuduring zero crossing, rising edge or the negative edge of another output terminal of scrambler detected, this output terminal of scrambler is corresponding with U phase winding; The output terminal of scrambler remainder is corresponding with W phase winding.
Stator winding phase sequence of the present invention and scrambler output level pick-up unit, comprise the first detecting unit, microprocessor unit and the second detecting unit; Described the first detecting unit is for connecting stator winding, detects between stator winding voltage over zero and to microprocessor unit signal transmission; Described the second detecting unit is used for connecting scrambler output terminal, detects the rising edge of encoder output and negative edge and to microprocessor unit signal transmission; Described microprocessor unit is processed the signal of the first detecting unit and the transmission of the second detecting unit, according to voltage zero-cross dot sequency between stator winding, determine stator winding phase sequence, and according to the rising edge of voltage over zero between stator winding and encoder output or negative edge, determine the corresponding relation of stator winding and encoder interfaces;
Further: described the first detecting unit comprises matched filtering circuit, voltage comparator and signal isolation circuit, described matched filtering circuit connecting stator winding and voltage comparator, described voltage comparator connects signal isolation circuit, and described signal isolation circuit is connected with microprocessor unit;
Further: described the second detecting unit consists of differential signal receiver, and described differential signal receiver is connected with encoder interfaces, and by buffer circuit to microprocessor unit signal transmission.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, due to alternating voltage zero-crossing point, pulse signal edge (rising edge and negative edge), can detect accurately by simple hardware circuit, according to these parameters determine stator winding phase sequence and very simple with the hardware circuit of the corresponding relation of encoder interfaces, testing result is directly perceived, accurately, can determine fast brushless DC motor stator winding phase sequence and with the corresponding relation of encoder interfaces.The present invention is in whole testing process, stator winding does not need energising, can pass through hand rotation motor rotor, utilize the induction electromotive force (or being called back electromotive force) producing in stator winding to complete detection, meanwhile, scrambler also produces low and high level signal, and back electromotive force and encoder output exist certain relation, can determine accordingly encoder interfaces and stator winding corresponding relation, above-mentioned detection can once complete.Along with the development of Power Electronic Technique, the application of brshless DC motor is more and more extensive, and the present invention has broad application prospects.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the pick-up unit electrical block diagram of embodiment;
Fig. 2 is that brushless DC motor stator winding distributes and annexation schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is brushless direct current motor illustrative position sensor configuration relation and the scrambler output interface corresponding relation schematic diagram of embodiment;
Fig. 4 is voltage corresponding relation schematic diagram between the encoder output of embodiment and stator winding;
Fig. 5 is the process flow diagram of embodiment.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, describe technical scheme of the present invention in detail.
It is basis that back electromotive force electromotive force zero crossing and commutation point (encoder output rising edge and negative edge) between line are take in the present invention, and there is no the back electromotive force of direct-detection stator winding, because stator winding back electromotive force and commutation point have 30 ° of electrical angles to postpone, generally, this delay-angle can produce certain error, this will affect test result, even can not get result.And voltage over zero corresponding commutation point just between stator winding does not exist electrical angle to postpone 30 ° of problems of bringing.
Embodiment
This routine pick-up unit circuit as shown in Figure 1, comprise containing microprocessor unit 10, the first detecting unit 50, the second detecting unit, i.e. differential signal receiver in Fig. 1 60, buffer circuit 20, display module 70 and photoelectric coder interface 30 and motor winding interface 40.
In the present embodiment, microprocessor contains capturing unit, also comprises in addition the arithmetical unit of storage unit and microprocessor indispensability, controller and register group.In storage unit, store capturing unit state, scrambler output terminal is in winding mapping table etc., and capturing unit is used for catching back electromotive force zero-crossing between encoder output rising edge and negative edge and threephase stator winding.Microprocessor is a DSP minimum system, contain six road capturing units, three tunnels are used for catching code device signal rising edge and negative edge, other three tunnels are used for catching back electromotive force zero-crossing between line, inner FLASH stores 6 road capturing unit states, arithmetical unit utilizes capturing unit state to carry out computing, obtains matching result the storage of 6 road signals, by parallel port, is sent to display module 70.
As Fig. 2 a, in the present embodiment, motor stator winding adopts Y shape connected mode, and coil is on stator silicon steel punching, rotor is permanent magnet, and three phase winding ends are connected to a common point com, 3 tops that line is motor three phase windings of drawing, be respectively W1, W2, W3.Correspondence is connected to stator winding interface.When uncertain winding phase order relation, first constant mark W1 winding is linked as U phase winding, to determine V phase and W phase winding and encoder interfaces and winding corresponding relation, description below is all set as basis with this.
In the present embodiment, encoder interfaces 30, except comprising 6 interfaces accepting code device signal, is designated respectively A1, A2; B1, B2; C1, C2; As shown in Figure 3, also comprise 2 interface Vcc and the GND of scrambler power supply, 6 interfaces connect differential signal receivers 60.
In Fig. 3, scrambler 80 comprises the shadow shield that difference channel 802,803,804,8011 is photoelectric encoder, and 8012 is three luminotrons (A, B, C, in figure, luminotron B, C are covered by shadow shield 8011), respectively 2 π/3, interval.Shadow shield 8011 is along with machine shaft rotates together, when shadow shield 8011 covers luminotron 8012, and corresponding luminotron output low level, otherwise output high level.In 0～360 ° of electrical angle, three luminotron A, B, C common properties are given birth to 6 kinds of level signals, as motor, provide commutation clock signal.Difference channel 802,803,804 carries out difference by the signal of three luminotron outputs, through encoder interfaces 30, deliver to differential signal receiver 60, You San road difference channel 601,602,603 is converted to CAP1, CAP2, CAP3 tri-road pulse signals, through buffer circuit 20 input microprocessors, processes.
This example the first detecting unit 50 comprises matched filtering circuit 51 and voltage comparator 52.Matched filtering circuit 51 is first adjusted to back electromotive force certain amplitude range, after filtering after, input voltage comparer 52 detects voltage over zero.In the present embodiment, matched filtering circuit 51 is connecting stator winding W1W2, W1W3, W2W3 respectively, detects this 3 road voltage.Filtering adopts low-pass filter, and filtering high-frequency signal can not Direct Recognition sinusoidal signal zero crossing due to microprocessor capturing unit, and it is suitable utilizing voltage comparator to detect.When two input end pressure reduction of voltage comparator are zero, its output voltage generation saltus step, detects skip signal point and has just obtained back electromotive force zero-crossing.The signal that in this example, microprocessor receives comprises: CAP1, CAP2, CAP3 tri-road pulse signals; The 3 road voltage signals of stator winding W1W2, W1W3, W2W3, are caught by 6 road capturing units of microprocessor respectively.
In the present embodiment, display module 70 contains controller, storage unit, and display panel and parallel port/serial ports, parallel port/serial ports receives the demonstration information sending from microprocessor 10, is stored in storage unit, and controller calling data shows on panel.
In the present embodiment, buffer circuit uses low speed photoelectrical coupler, and the peripheral connecting circuit of photoelectrical coupler need be debugged and be designed.
Derive the below corresponding relation of stator winding back electromotive force and encoder output:
The back electromotive force of brushless direct current motor threephase stator winding can be decomposed into first-harmonic, 3 subharmonic and more high order odd harmonics, and while take forward, winding back emf waveform is example, U, V, W phase back electromotive force can be expressed as:
e
U＝E[sin(wt+30°)+k
3sin(3wt+30°)+k
5sin(5wt+30°)+…](1)
e
V＝E[sin(wt-90°)+k
3sin(3wt-90°)+k
5sin(5wt-90°)+…](2)
e
W＝E[sin(wt+150°)+k
3sin(3wt+150°)+k
5sin(5wt+150°)+…](3)
By formula (1), (2), (3) are subtracted each other and are obtained back electromotive force e between line
uV, e
vW, e
wUfor:
Between line, back electromotive force is containing 3 times and 3 multiple order harmonic components, and 5 subharmonic and more higher hamonic wave are negligible with respect to first-harmonic, and the formula of reduction that obtains back electromotive force between line is:
From (4), (5), (6), as wt=0 °; 60 °; 120 °; 180 °; 240 °; In the time of 300 °, between line there is zero crossing in back electromotive force, just in time corresponding threephase stator winding commutation point---rising edge and the negative edge of the corresponding encoder output of position transducer shown in Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 show this routine brushless DC motor stator winding phase sequence and with the process flow diagram of encoder interfaces corresponding relation determining method, it comprises the following steps:
A1, pick-up unit power on, and bring into operation;
A2, microprocessor unit initialization;
A3, the moving at the uniform velocity spin motor shaft of technician;
A4, microprocessor 6 road capturing units are caught respectively back electromotive force zero-crossing between 3 encoder output rising edges and negative edge and threephase stator winding;
When a5, microprocessor produce capture interrupt, 6 road capturing unit states are deposited in respectively in 6 arrays or pointer at every turn, comprise which road produces interruption, does not interrupt on which road;
Between a6, comparison winding, back electromotive force zero-crossing is sequentially determined stator winding U, V, W phase sequence;
Fig. 2 a shows voltage between winding W1W2 and first arrives zero crossing, arrives the situation of zero crossing between winding W1W3 after voltage.Its winding phase sequence is as shown in Figure 2 a: at winding W1, be decided to be under the condition of U phase, winding W2 is V phase, and winding W3 is W phase.
Fig. 2 b illustrates the three phase winding annexations that adopt △ connected mode, and under above-mentioned detection case, phase order relation is identical with Fig. 2 a, shown in Fig. 2 b.
Fig. 2 c shows multi phase stator winding Y type (star-like) annexation, and in figure, winding phase sequence relation represents that between winding, voltage zero-cross dot sequency is: winding W1W2, W1W3, W1W4, W1W5, W1W6 sequentially reach zero crossing.For polyphase windings, coder structure has respective change, and those skilled in the art can consult related data and inquire about.
For the end to end annular connected mode of polyphase windings (the △ connected modes of corresponding three phase windings), winding phase sequence is determined method and said method roughly the same, those skilled in the art can reasonably obtain its concrete detection method according to foregoing description, at this, do not repeat for this reason.
A7, the stator winding phase sequence obtaining according to encoder interfaces output signal rising edge or negative edge and step a6 are determined its corresponding relation, formulate encoder interfaces and winding mapping table, use in step a5 and be stored in capturing unit state in array or pointer, the acquisition corresponding relation of tabling look-up;
In a8, determining step a7, whether 3 pairs of corresponding relations are all determined, no, go to step a4; To go to next step;
A9, call LCD MODULE, show test encoder interface and winding one-to-one relationship;
A10, finish this device operation, power-off.
In above-mentioned steps a4, the second detecting unit detects respectively CAP1～CAP3 output pulse signal rising edge and negative edge, the first detecting unit detects respectively the zero crossing of W1W2 between winding, W1W3, W2W3 back electromotive force, contact conditions is rising edge, negative edge and zero crossing, there are each time two capturing units to have capturing function, in following step a5, will catch each time result and be stored in and in array, wait for microprocessor processes.
In above-mentioned steps a6, the voltage over zero sequencing that judgement the first detecting unit is caught, output result is as shown in Table 1.
Table one
| Winding W1W2 | Winding W1W3 | Winding W1 | Winding W2 | Winding W3 |
| First | After | U phase | V phase | W phase |
| After | First | U phase | W phase | V phase |
In the present embodiment, take W1 mouth as U phase winding in step a6, W2 mouth is V phase winding, and W3 mouth is that W is example mutually, and in step a7, when winding W1W2 detects zero crossing, encoder position output signal corresponding to interface that meanwhile produces capturing events in CAP1～3 is H
v; When winding, W1W3 detects zero crossing, and encoder position output signal corresponding to interface that meanwhile produces capturing events in CAP1～3 is H
w; When winding, W2W3 detects zero crossing, and encoder position output signal corresponding to interface that meanwhile produces capturing events in CAP1～3 is H
u, referring to Fig. 4.
Claims (1)
1. stator winding phase sequence and scrambler corresponding relation determining method, comprise the following steps:
α, rotation DC motor rotor produce electromotive force in stator winding;
β, detection stator winding be voltage over zero between any two, and described stator winding is three phase windings, and stator winding adopts Y shape to connect, and detects respectively voltage e between U phase winding and V phase winding
uvvoltage e between zero crossing, W phase winding and U phase winding
wuvoltage e between zero crossing and V phase winding and W phase winding
vwzero crossing;
γ, detection scrambler outputs level signals rising edge and negative edge;
δ, according to the stator winding corresponding relation of voltage over zero and scrambler outputs level signals rising edge or negative edge between any two, determine direct current motor stator winding phase sequence and scrambler corresponding relation, work as e
uvduring zero crossing, rising edge or the negative edge of certain output terminal of scrambler detected, this output terminal of scrambler is corresponding with V phase winding; Work as e
wuduring zero crossing, rising edge or the negative edge of another output terminal of scrambler detected, this output terminal of scrambler is corresponding with U phase winding; The output terminal of scrambler remainder is corresponding with W phase winding.
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| CN201210048862.2A CN102608438B (en) | 2009-12-09 | 2009-12-09 | Method for determining corresponding relation of phase sequence of stator winding and encoder |
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| CN201210048862.2A CN102608438B (en) | 2009-12-09 | 2009-12-09 | Method for determining corresponding relation of phase sequence of stator winding and encoder |
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| CN2009103111113A Division CN101718843B (en) | 2009-12-09 | 2009-12-09 | Stator winding phase sequence, corresponding relation determining method of stator winding phase sequence and coder, and device |
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| CN102608438B true CN102608438B (en) | 2014-09-10 |
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| CN103825523B (en) * | 2014-03-05 | 2016-02-24 | 华侨大学 | Multiphase permanent magnet synchronous motor Phase sequence detection and rotor initial angle navigation system and method |
| CN105162369B (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2019-11-22 | 成都爱控电子科技有限公司 | Control method and system based on brushless motor phase sequence automatic adaptation |
| CN107576910A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2018-01-12 | 广东威灵电机制造有限公司 | For the detection device and detection method of the balance for detecting stator |
| CN110470985A (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2019-11-19 | 上海鲍麦克斯电子科技有限公司 | A kind of system and method detecting servo motor timing |
| CN110572101B (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2021-06-22 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Three-phase alternating current motor phase sequence checking method and system |
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| US4083001A (en) * | 1976-12-29 | 1978-04-04 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Measurement of motor winding temperature |
| JPH07227096A (en) * | 1994-02-09 | 1995-08-22 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Electric motor failure diagnosing device |
| CN201096871Y (en) * | 2007-08-20 | 2008-08-06 | 北京中纺锐力机电有限公司 | Winding phase device for switch magnetic resistance motor |
| CN101414800B (en) * | 2008-11-27 | 2012-08-22 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | Calibration system and calibration method for position sensor of motor rotor |
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