CN203243239U - Low-rectification loss synchronous rectifier of optical coupler automobile generator - Google Patents
Low-rectification loss synchronous rectifier of optical coupler automobile generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN203243239U CN203243239U CN 201320251315 CN201320251315U CN203243239U CN 203243239 U CN203243239 U CN 203243239U CN 201320251315 CN201320251315 CN 201320251315 CN 201320251315 U CN201320251315 U CN 201320251315U CN 203243239 U CN203243239 U CN 203243239U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a low-rectification loss synchronous rectifier of an optical coupler automobile generator. The rectifier comprises an execution rectification circuit, a detection rectification circuit, a drive circuit, and a power supply input end; the execution rectification circuit, the detection rectification circuit, and the drive circuit are connected step by step; the execution rectification circuit is in matching connection with three pairs of field effect transistors; the detection rectification circuit and the drive circuit jointly use three pairs of optical couplers, a three-phase rectifier bridge is formed by luminous diodes of the optical couplers, a detection rectification circuit is formed by the three-phase rectifier bridge, a current-limiting resistor R1 and a diode D1 form, the drive circuit is formed by photosensitive triodes of the optical couplers and a drive resistor R, or the drive circuit is formed by the photosensitive triodes of the optical couplers, a drive resistor R and a capacitor C. The rectifier uses the luminous diodes of the optical couplers to form the three-phase full bridge rectifier circuit, so as to provide the drive circuit for the field effect transistor. The rectifier can effectively reduce rectification loss and improve motor efficiency, reliably simplify a circuit structure and achieve synchronous rectification, and is advantaged by being simple in structure, reliable in detection, isolated in detection control, and low in cost.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of car electrics, particularly a kind of low rectifier loss type optical coupling type automobile current generator synchronous rectifier.
Background technology
In the prior art, the automobile alternative electric generation mainly adopts the diode rectification mode with three-phase rectifier, and its defective is: rectifier loss is high, electric efficiency is low, electric machine temperature rise is high and structural volume is large.Novel field effect transistor rectification circuit although be conducive to realize synchronous rectification, is not used at automobile current generator on the one hand, and its manufacturing cost is higher on the other hand, peripheral circuit is numerous and jumbled.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is that a kind of low rectifier loss type optical coupling type automobile current generator synchronous rectifier will be provided.It can effectively reduce rectifier loss and improve electric efficiency, simplifies reliably circuit structure and realizes synchronous rectification.
The technical solution of the utility model is:
Design a kind of low rectifier loss type optical coupling type automobile current generator synchronous rectifier, it forms by carrying out rectification circuit, detection rectification circuit drive circuit and power input, and execution rectification circuit, detection rectification circuit are connected with drive circuit and are connected; Carry out rectification circuit and be provided with three pairs of field effect transistor that pairing connects; Detect rectification circuit and drive circuit and share three pairs of optocouplers, the light-emitting diode of three pairs of optocouplers forms three-phase commutation bridge, three-phase commutation bridge and current-limiting resistance R1 and diode D1 form the detection rectification circuit, the phototriode of three pairs of optocouplers forms drive circuit with the driving resistance R, and perhaps the phototriode of three pairs of optocouplers forms drive circuit with driving resistance R and interelectrode capacitance C.
Carry out rectification circuit and be provided with P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe Q1, P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe Q2, P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe Q3, N channel field-effect pipe Q4, N channel field-effect pipe Q5 and N channel field-effect pipe Q6; P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe Q1, P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe Q2, P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe Q3 common source, and connect output cathode POS, N channel field-effect pipe Q4, N channel field-effect pipe Q5, N channel field-effect pipe Q6 common source, and connect output negative pole GND; The drain electrode of P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe Q1, P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe Q2, P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe Q3 is connected respectively the drain electrode of N channel field-effect pipe Q4, N channel field-effect pipe Q5, N channel field-effect pipe Q6, forms power input Pa, power input Pb, power input Pc; Be connected with respectively the driving resistance R between the gate pole of P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe Q1, P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe Q2, P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe Q3, N channel field-effect pipe Q4, N channel field-effect pipe Q5 and N channel field-effect pipe Q6 and the source electrode, perhaps be connected with respectively and drive resistance R and interelectrode capacitance C.
Detect rectification circuit and be provided with optocoupler U1, optocoupler U2, optocoupler U3, optocoupler U4, optocoupler U5 and optocoupler U6; The light-emitting diode of optocoupler U1, optocoupler U2 and optocoupler U3 is composed of three-phase commutation bridge with the light-emitting diode of optocoupler U4, optocoupler U5 and optocoupler U6 respectively, three-phase commutation bridge is connected in parallel to current-limiting resistance R1 and the diode of serial connection, three inputs of three-phase commutation bridge are respectively optocoupler input Oa, optocoupler input Ob and optocoupler input Oc, and optocoupler input Oa, optocoupler input Ob and optocoupler input Oc are connected respectively power input Pa, power input Pb and power input Pc.
Drive circuit is provided with optocoupler U1, optocoupler U2, optocoupler U3, optocoupler U4, optocoupler U5 and optocoupler U6; Optocoupler U1, optocoupler U2 are connected the phototriode common collector and are connected with optocoupler U3, and connect output cathode POS, and optocoupler U4, optocoupler U5 are connected the phototriode common emitter and are connected with optocoupler U6, and connect output negative pole GND; Optocoupler U1, optocoupler U2 are connected the phototriode emitter and are connected respectively the gate pole of N channel field-effect pipe Q4, N channel field-effect pipe Q5 and N channel field-effect pipe Q6 with optocoupler U3, optocoupler U4, optocoupler U5 are connected the phototriode collector electrode and are connected respectively the gate pole of P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe Q1, P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe Q2, P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe Q3 with optocoupler U6.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are: be provided with three pairs of optocouplers that input is the bridge-type connection owing to detecting rectification circuit, the light-emitting diode of each optocoupler inside forms three-phase bridge rectification circuit, by being connected to form independent loop with the current-limiting resistance R1 and the diodes in parallel that are connected in series, the light-emitting diode of optocoupler inside is in rectification, with its break-make information with luminous form pass to optocoupler inside phototriode, finally provide the driving signal by driving resistance for field effect transistor, and then realize the synchronous rectification of the body diode of field effect transistor and field effect transistor inside.Simultaneously owing to carrying out three pairs of field effect transistor that rectification circuit arranges, its on-state drain-source resistance only has the milliohm level, this means that for the automobile current generator system its on-state voltage drop only has about 0.3V, therefore can reduce rectifier loss, improves power output, reduce motor volume.In addition owing to detecting rectification circuit and be provided with input and be three pairs of optocouplers that bridge-type connects, thereby concerning whole automobile current generator commutation system, improved antijamming capability, realized contactless conducting.That the utility model also has advantages of is simple in structure, it is reliable to detect, prosecution isolation and with low cost.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is circuit theory diagrams.
Fig. 2 detects the rectification circuit schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is driving circuit principle figure.
Fig. 4 is the driving circuit principle figure with interelectrode capacitance C.
Among the figure, 1. carry out rectification circuit, 2. detect rectification circuit, 3. drive circuit, 4. power input, 5. P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe Q1,6.P channel field-effect pipe Q2,7. P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe Q3,8. N channel field-effect pipe Q4,9. N channel field-effect pipe Q5,10. N channel field-effect pipe Q6,11. optocoupler U1,12. optocoupler U2,13. optocoupler U3,14. optocoupler U4,15. optocoupler U5,16. optocoupler U6,17. drive resistance R, 18. interelectrode capacitance C, 19. current-limiting resistance R1,20. diode D1,21. optocouplers input Oa, 22. optocouplers input Ob, 23. optocoupler input Oc, 24. power supply input Pa, 25. power supplys input Pb, 26. power supplys input Pc, 27. output cathode POS, 28. output negative pole GND.
Embodiment
The embodiment that provides below in conjunction with accompanying drawing divides two parts that the utility model is further specified.
First, circuit structure.
Embodiment described in the utility model comprises: carry out rectification circuit (1), detect rectification circuit (2), drive circuit (3), power input (4).
Carrying out rectification circuit (1) comprising: P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe Q1 (5), P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe Q2 (6), P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe Q3 (7), N channel field-effect pipe Q4 (8), N channel field-effect pipe Q5 (9), N channel field-effect pipe Q6 (10).
Detecting rectification circuit (2) comprising: optocoupler U1 (11), optocoupler U2 (12), optocoupler U3 (13), optocoupler U4 (14), optocoupler U5 (15), optocoupler U6 (16), current-limiting resistance R1 (19), diode D1 (20).
Drive circuit (3) comprising: optocoupler U1 (11), and optocoupler U2 (12), optocoupler U3 (13), optocoupler U4 (14), optocoupler U5 (15), optocoupler U6 (16) drives resistance R (17), interelectrode capacitance C (18).
Power input (4) comprising: optocoupler input Oa (21), optocoupler input Ob (22), optocoupler input Oc (23), power supply input Pa (24), power supply input Pb (25), power supply input Pc (26), output cathode POS (27), output negative pole GND (28).
Second portion, circuit theory.
One, the formation of optocoupler path.
Three-phase alternating current accesses respectively optocoupler input Oa (21), optocoupler input Ob (22), optocoupler input Oc (23), relative size according to the instantaneous voltage of three-phase alternating current has the diode of two optocoupler inside to enter conducting state among optocoupler U1 (11), optocoupler U2 (12), optocoupler U3 (13), optocoupler U4 (14), optocoupler U5 (15), the optocoupler U6 (16) automatically.If a certain moment: optocoupler input Oa (21) voltage is the highest, and optocoupler input Ob (22) voltage is minimum, the simultaneously conducting of the diode of the inside of optocoupler U2 (12) and optocoupler U4 (14).Electric current consists of the loop through optocoupler input Oa (21), optocoupler U4 (14), diode D1 (20), current-limiting resistance R1 (19), optocoupler U2 (12), optocoupler input Ob (22).The interior light emitting diodes of optocoupler U2 (12), optocoupler U4 (14) is luminous, the light-emitting diode of remaining optocoupler U1 (11), optocoupler U3 (13), optocoupler U5 (15), optocoupler U6 (16) extinguishes, the phototriode conducting of the inside of optocoupler U2 (12), optocoupler U4 (14), remaining optocoupler U1 (11), optocoupler U3 (13), the inner phototriode cut-off of optocoupler U5 (15), optocoupler U6 (16).
Two, carry out the operation of rectification circuit (1).
Drive resistance R (17) owing to being connected with respectively between P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe Q1 (5), N channel field-effect pipe Q5 (9) source electrode and the gate pole, or be connected with respectively in parallel driving resistance R (17) and interelectrode capacitance C (18), when not having the optocoupler signal, P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe Q1 (5) and N channel field-effect pipe Q5 (9) are in off state.After the phototriode conducting of the inside of optocoupler U4 (14) and optocoupler U2 (12), P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe Q1 (5) is because gate voltage is pulled to low level, the gate voltage of N channel field-effect pipe Q5 (9) is pulled to high level, thereby P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe Q1 (5) and N channel field-effect pipe Q5 (9) conducting.
At next constantly, the voltage of supposing optocoupler input Oa (21) still maintains the highest, and the voltage of optocoupler input Oc (23) becomes minimum, the light-emitting diode of the inside of optocoupler U2 (12) automatically shuts down, thereby the inner phototriode of optocoupler U2 (12) is turn-offed, and then N channel field-effect pipe Q5 (9) is turn-offed; The simultaneously automatic conducting of light-emitting diode of the inside of optocoupler U3 (13), thereby make the inner phototriode conducting of optocoupler U3 (13), and then make N channel field-effect pipe Q6 (10) conducting, finish N channel field-effect pipe Q5 (9) to the commutation process of N channel field-effect pipe Q6 (10), dynamic change along with three-phase alternating current, have the optocoupler and the field effect transistor that do not have conducting and alternately enter the turn-on and turn-off state, thereby finish the commutation process of all field effect transistor, and then form execution rectification circuit (1).
Three, carry out rectification circuit (1) and the operation that detects rectification circuit (2).
Owing in detecting rectification circuit (2), being provided with diode D1 (20) and current-limiting resistance R1 (19), detect rectification circuit (2) and be independently loop, also be communicated with execution rectification circuit (1) simultaneously.The effect of diode D1 (20) is to increase oppositely withstand voltage ability of commutating circuit; The effect of current-limiting resistance R1 (19) is restriction optocoupler loop current; The effect that drives resistance R (17) is to have guaranteed that field effect transistor can not turn-off when having the optocoupler control signal reliably yet, when the phototriode conducting of optocoupler inside, drive resistance R (17) and can also limit the loop current that detects rectification circuit (3), avoid damaging the phototriode of optocoupler output.In order to improve the responding ability of field effect transistor, can be in the two ends parallel connection that drives resistance R (17) interelectrode capacitance C (18).
Four, the operation of drive circuit (3).
In the power input (4), optocoupler input Oa (21), optocoupler input Ob (22), optocoupler input Oc (23) and power supply input Pa (24), power supply input Pb (25), power supply input Pc (26) is corresponding to be connected, at the beginning of the circuit start, consist of the P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe Q1 (5) that carries out rectification circuit (1), the inner body diode of N channel field-effect pipe Q5 (9) also can corresponding conducting, thereby provide operating voltage for drive circuit (3), after the circuit working, P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe Q2 (6), P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe Q3 (7), N channel field-effect pipe Q4 (8), N channel field-effect pipe Q6 (10) conducting is for drive circuit (3) with carry operating voltage is provided.
Five, the forming process of synchronous rectification.
Suppose a certain moment: optocoupler input Oa (21) voltage is the highest, optocoupler input Ob (22) voltage is minimum, also be that power supply input power input Pa (24) voltage is the highest, power supply input Pb (25) voltage is minimum, if do not detect the effect of optocoupler U4 (14) and the optocoupler U2 (12) of rectification circuit (2) and drive circuit (3) this moment, then carry out P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe Q1 (5) and N channel field-effect pipe Q5 (9) and the same off state that is in of residue field effect transistor in the rectification circuit (1), only have the body diode of the inside of P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe Q1 (5) and N channel field-effect pipe Q5 (9) to enter conducting state this moment, carry out rectification circuit (1) this moment only is a common three-phase bridge rectifier circuit, the forward on-state voltage drop of its each brachium pontis still is about 0.75V, therefore can not play and reduce the system loss effect.If have P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe Q2 (6), Q3 (7) and other field effect transistor conductings such as N channel field-effect pipe Q4 (8), Q6 (10) this moment, then can burn these field effect transistor.If but made P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe Q1 (5) and simultaneously conducting of N channel field-effect pipe Q5 (9) by U4 (14) and optocoupler U2 (12) this moment, and other field effect transistor would be turn-offed.Then can guarantee to carry out the correct work of rectification circuit (1) and shell and guarantee that the forward on-state voltage drop of each brachium pontis is reduced to about 0.3V, because the turn-on and turn-off of the diode of the same position on the turn-on and turn-off of each field effect transistor moment and the general-purpose diode three-phase commutation bridge synchronously, therefore form synchronous rectification constantly.
Claims (4)
1. one kind low rectifier loss type optical coupling type automobile current generator synchronous rectifier, it forms by carrying out rectification circuit (1), detection rectification circuit (2), drive circuit (3) and power input (4), and it is characterized in that: execution rectification circuit (1), detection rectification circuit (2) are connected 3 with drive circuit) connect step by step; Carry out rectification circuit (1) and be provided with three pairs of field effect transistor that pairing connects; Detect rectification circuit (2) and drive circuit (3) and share three pairs of optocouplers, the light-emitting diode of three pairs of optocouplers forms three-phase commutation bridge, three-phase commutation bridge and current-limiting resistance R1 (19) and diode D1 (20) form detection rectification circuit (2), the phototriode of three pairs of optocouplers forms drive circuit (3) with driving resistance R (17), and perhaps the phototriode of three pairs of optocouplers forms drive circuit (3) with driving resistance R (17) and interelectrode capacitance C (18).
2. low rectifier loss type optical coupling type automobile current generator synchronous rectifier according to claim 1 is characterized in that: carry out rectification circuit (1) and be provided with P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe Q1 (5), P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe Q2 (6), P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe Q3 (7), N channel field-effect pipe Q4 (8), N channel field-effect pipe Q5 (9) and N channel field-effect pipe Q6 (10); P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe Q1 (5), P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe Q2 (6), P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe Q3 (7) common source, and connect output cathode POS (27), N channel field-effect pipe Q4 (8), N channel field-effect pipe Q5 (9), N channel field-effect pipe Q6 (10) common source, and connect output negative pole GND (28); The drain electrode of P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe Q1 (5), P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe Q2 (6), P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe Q3 (7) is connected respectively the drain electrode of N channel field-effect pipe Q4 (8), N channel field-effect pipe Q5 (9), N channel field-effect pipe Q6 (10), forms power input Pa (24), power input Pb (25), power input Pc (26); Be connected with respectively between the gate pole of P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe Q1 (5), P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe Q2 (6), P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe Q3 (7), N channel field-effect pipe Q4 (8), N channel field-effect pipe Q5 (9) and N channel field-effect pipe Q6 (10) and the source electrode and drive resistance R (17), perhaps be connected with respectively and drive resistance R (17) and interelectrode capacitance C (18).
3. low rectifier loss type optical coupling type automobile current generator synchronous rectifier according to claim 1 is characterized in that: detect rectification circuit (2) and be provided with optocoupler U1 (11), optocoupler U2 (12), optocoupler U3 (13), optocoupler U4 (14), optocoupler U5 (15) and optocoupler U6 (16); Optocoupler U1 (11), the light-emitting diode of optocoupler U2 (12) and optocoupler U3 (13) respectively with optocoupler U4 (14), the light-emitting diode of optocoupler U5 (15) and optocoupler U6 (16) is composed of three-phase commutation bridge, three-phase commutation bridge is connected in parallel to current-limiting resistance R1 (19) and the diode (20) of serial connection, three inputs of three-phase commutation bridge are respectively optocoupler input Oa (21), optocoupler input Ob (22) and optocoupler input Oc (23), optocoupler input Oa (21), optocoupler input Ob (22) and optocoupler input Oc (23) are connected respectively power input Pa (24), power input Pb (25) and power input Pc (26).
4. low rectifier loss type optical coupling type automobile current generator synchronous rectifier according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: drive circuit (2) is provided with optocoupler U1 (11), optocoupler U2 (12), optocoupler U3 (13), optocoupler U4 (14), optocoupler U5 (15) and optocoupler U6 (16); Optocoupler U1 (11), optocoupler U2 (12) are connected 13 with optocoupler U3) the phototriode common collector connect, and connect output cathode POS (27), optocoupler U4 (14), optocoupler U5 (15) are connected 16 with optocoupler U6) the phototriode common emitter connect, and connect output negative pole GND (28);
Optocoupler U1 (11), optocoupler U2 (12) are connected 13 with optocoupler U3) the phototriode emitter connect respectively the gate pole of N channel field-effect pipe Q4 (8), N channel field-effect pipe Q5 (9) and N channel field-effect pipe Q6 (10), optocoupler U4 (14), optocoupler U5 (15) are connected 16 with optocoupler U6) the phototriode collector electrode connect respectively the gate pole of P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe Q1 (5), P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe Q2 (6), P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe Q3 (7).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201320251315 CN203243239U (en) | 2013-05-10 | 2013-05-10 | Low-rectification loss synchronous rectifier of optical coupler automobile generator |
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| CN 201320251315 CN203243239U (en) | 2013-05-10 | 2013-05-10 | Low-rectification loss synchronous rectifier of optical coupler automobile generator |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103746577A (en) * | 2013-05-10 | 2014-04-23 | 东风汽车电气有限公司 | Low-rectification loss type optocoupler type automobile generator synchronous rectifier |
| WO2017059662A1 (en) * | 2015-10-09 | 2017-04-13 | 张萍 | Extended-range hybrid power system for new energy vehicles |
| RU185925U1 (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2018-12-25 | федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Алтайский государственный технический университет им. И.И. Ползунова" (АлтГТУ) | Reversible transistor bridge |
| RU211320U1 (en) * | 2022-02-14 | 2022-05-31 | федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Алтайский государственный технический университет им. И.И. Ползунова" (АлтГТУ) | Transistor reverser |
-
2013
- 2013-05-10 CN CN 201320251315 patent/CN203243239U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103746577A (en) * | 2013-05-10 | 2014-04-23 | 东风汽车电气有限公司 | Low-rectification loss type optocoupler type automobile generator synchronous rectifier |
| CN103746577B (en) * | 2013-05-10 | 2016-02-03 | 东风汽车电气有限公司 | Low rectifier loss type optical coupling type automobile current generator synchronous rectifier |
| WO2017059662A1 (en) * | 2015-10-09 | 2017-04-13 | 张萍 | Extended-range hybrid power system for new energy vehicles |
| RU185925U1 (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2018-12-25 | федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Алтайский государственный технический университет им. И.И. Ползунова" (АлтГТУ) | Reversible transistor bridge |
| RU211320U1 (en) * | 2022-02-14 | 2022-05-31 | федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Алтайский государственный технический университет им. И.И. Ползунова" (АлтГТУ) | Transistor reverser |
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