CN203224264U - Multiphase-flow metering device based on curved pipe - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a multiphase-flow metering device based on a curved pipe and the device comprises a pipe with at least one section of the curved pipe, a gamma ray detector and a total volume flow metering device. A cross section of the at least one section of the curve pipe is circular; a plane on which the curved pipe rests is vertical; the curved pipe is provided with at least one vertical cross section; the gamma ray detector comprises a gamma ray emitter and a gamma ray detector; the gamma ray emitter and detector are respectively arranged on an upper part and the lower part of the vertical cross section of the curved pipe; gamma rays emitted by the gamma ray emitter passes through the vertical cross section of the curved pipe along a radial direction or non-radial direction and reach to a gamma ray receiver; the gamma ray detector is a mono-energetic or double-energetic gamma ray detector; the total volume flow measurement metering device is arranged on an upstream or lower stream of the curved pipe; and the total volume flow metering device calculates a total volume flow measurement of multiphase-flow. The utility model further relates to a method of measuring volume flow of each phase-flow by the multiphase-flow metering device based on a curved pipe.

Description

A kind of multiphase flow rate measuring apparatus based on curved pipe

Technical field

The utility model belongs to the multiphase flow rate metering field.Particularly, the utility model relates to a kind of multiphase flow rate measuring apparatus based on curved pipe, and relate to a kind of use based on the multiphase flow rate measuring apparatus of curved pipe measure polyphasic flow in the method for each phase flow rate.

Background technology

In the oil recovery industry, often extraction comprises the gas-liquid mixture fluid of liquid and gas from oil well, often is referred to as " moisture " in the industry.Moisture belongs to a kind of polyphasic flow in itself, i.e. the fluid-mixing of gas phase and liquid phase.Wherein said gas phase comprises for example casing-head gas or any gas that does not coagulate at normal temperatures, and wherein this casing-head gas is generally lighter alkane for example methane, ethane, propane, butane etc.Described liquid phase can comprise: oil phase, for example crude oil and be dissolved in liquid additive in the crude oil in the oil extraction process, and water itself for example injects the water of oil well and other liquid additive that is dissolved in aqueous phase in local water, the employing process.In practice, oil phase and water may be separated, and also possibility oil phase and water mix, or complete emulsification.How to measure the volumetric flow rate of gas in the gas-liquid mixture fluid of extraction from oil well and the volumetric flow rate of liquid real-time and accurately, be Reservoir Management and produce and optimize necessary basic data.

A kind of Flow Rate Measurement in Multiphase device principle of work is as follows: by separation vessel the gas-liquid two-phase fluid-mixing is separated into gas phase and liquid phase, this separation vessel generally is to realize gas-liquid separation by gravity, or by cyclone separator realization gas-liquid separation, measure the volumetric flow rate of gas phase and liquid phase then respectively.But tens of tons because separation vessel and relevant affiliated facility weigh take up an area of tens square metres, and controlling unit are many, make that the maintenance and management of separation vessel is very complicated, are unfavorable for the robotization of production run management, especially are unfavorable for using in desert and offshore oilfield.It is not online method for real-time measurement that this elder generation separates the method for afterwards measuring yet, the measuring accuracy height relies on the separating effect of gas-liquid, and gas-liquid separation effect depends critically upon concrete flow condition, generally speaking, rely on the metering method that gravity carries out gas-liquid separation and exist many defectives in actual applications.

Therefore, this area need a kind of can be simply and apparatus and method of gas phase volume flow rate and liquid phase volume flow in the on-line measurement gas-liquid two-phase fluid-mixing accurately.More wish to have a kind of gas phase, oil phase and water apparatus and method of flow separately of measuring in the heterogeneous fluid-mixing.

The utility model content

First aspect of the present utility model provides a kind of multiphase flow rate measuring apparatus, and it comprises with lower member:

The pipeline that comprises at least one section curved pipe, wherein the xsect of described at least curved pipe is circular, and the plane at described curved pipe place is vertically oriented, and described curved pipe has the xsect that at least one is vertically oriented;

Gamma-ray detector, it comprises gamma-ray emission device and the gamma detector of the both sides up and down of the described xsect that is vertically oriented that is arranged in described curved pipe, wherein the gamma ray that sends of gamma-ray emission device passes with the described xsect that is vertically oriented of vertical radial direction along curved pipe, arrives the gamma ray receiver; Wherein said gamma-ray detector is monoenergetic gamma-ray detector or dual intensity gamma-ray detector;

Be positioned at the total volumetric flow rate metering outfit that is used for calculating the polyphasic flow total volumetric flow rate in described curved pipe upstream or downstream.

Second aspect of the present utility model provides a kind of multiphase flow rate measuring apparatus, and it comprises with lower member:

The pipeline that comprises at least one section curved pipe, wherein the xsect of described at least curved pipe is circular, and the plane at described curved pipe place is vertically oriented, and described curved pipe has the xsect that at least one is vertically oriented;

Gamma-ray detector, it comprises gamma-ray emission device and gamma detector in the described xsect that is vertically oriented that is arranged in described curved pipe, wherein the gamma ray that sends of gamma-ray emission device passes with the described xsect that is vertically oriented of non-direction radially along described curved pipe, reaches the gamma ray receiver; Wherein said gamma-ray detector is monoenergetic gamma-ray detector or dual intensity gamma-ray detector;

Be positioned at the total volumetric flow rate metering outfit that is used for calculating the polyphasic flow total volumetric flow rate in described curved pipe upstream or downstream.

The third aspect of the present utility model relates to a kind of method of measuring gas phase flow and liquid phase flow in the polyphasic flow, comprising:

A. make polyphasic flow flow through the pipeline that comprises at least one section curved pipe, so that this polyphasic flow is separated into gas phase layer and liquid phase layer under centrifugal action; Wherein the xsect of described at least curved pipe is circular, and the plane at described curved pipe place is vertically oriented, and described curved pipe has the xsect that at least one is vertically oriented;

B. measure along the gas phase radially of the described xsect that is vertically oriented of described curved pipe and the straight line phase fraction α of liquid phase by gamma-ray detector _RgAnd α _Rl(annotate: in this specification, subscript g represents gas phase, subscript l represents liquid phase, subscript r represents radially, subscript n is represented radially non-, subscript o represents oil, subscript w represents water), wherein this gamma-ray detector comprises gamma-ray emission device and the gamma detector of the both sides up and down that are arranged in the described xsect that is vertically oriented, wherein the gamma ray that sends of gamma-ray emission device passes with the described xsect that is vertically oriented of vertical radial direction along curved pipe, arrives the gamma ray receiver; Wherein said gamma-ray detector is monoenergetic gamma-ray detector or dual intensity gamma-ray detector;

C. the total volumetric flow rate Q that is recorded by the total volumetric flow rate metering outfit that is positioned at described curved pipe upstream or downstream _tAnd above-mentioned radially gas phase and liquid phase straight line phase fraction α _RgAnd α _Rl, calculate gas phase flow Q _gWith liquid phase flow Q _l

Fourth aspect of the present utility model relates to a kind of method of measuring gas phase flow and liquid phase flow in the polyphasic flow, comprising:

A. make polyphasic flow flow through the pipeline that comprises at least one section curved pipe, so that this polyphasic flow is separated into gas phase layer and liquid phase layer under centrifugal action; Wherein the xsect of described at least curved pipe is circular, and the plane at described curved pipe place is vertically oriented, and described curved pipe has the xsect that at least one is vertically oriented;

B. measure along the non-straight line phase fraction α radially of the described xsect that is vertically oriented of described curved pipe by gamma-ray detector _NgAnd α _NlWherein this gamma-ray detector comprises gamma-ray emission device and the gamma detector in the described xsect that is vertically oriented that is arranged in described curved pipe, wherein the gamma ray that sends of gamma-ray emission device passes with the described xsect that is vertically oriented of non-direction radially along described curved pipe, reaches the gamma ray receiver; Wherein said gamma-ray detector is monoenergetic gamma-ray detector or dual intensity gamma-ray detector;

C. the total volumetric flow rate Q that is recorded by the total volumetric flow rate metering outfit that is positioned at described curved pipe upstream or downstream _tAnd the non-radial alignment phase fraction α of above-mentioned gas phase and liquid phase _NgAnd α _Nl, calculate gas phase flow Q _gWith liquid phase flow Q _l

The 5th aspect of the present utility model relates to a kind of method of measuring gas phase flow in the polyphasic flow, oil phase flow and water flow, comprising:

A. make polyphasic flow flow through the pipeline that comprises at least one section curved pipe, so that this polyphasic flow is separated into gas phase layer, oil phase layer and aqueous layer under centrifugal action; Wherein the xsect of described at least curved pipe is circular, and the plane at described curved pipe place is vertically oriented, and described curved pipe has the xsect that at least one is vertically oriented;

B. by the straight line phase fraction α of gamma-ray detector mensuration along gas phase radially, oil phase and the water of the described xsect that is vertically oriented of described curved pipe _Rg, α _RoAnd α _RwWherein gamma-ray detector comprises gamma-ray emission device and the gamma detector of the both sides up and down that are arranged in the described xsect that is vertically oriented, wherein the gamma ray that sends of gamma-ray emission device passes with the described xsect that is vertically oriented of vertical radial direction along curved pipe, arrives the gamma ray receiver; Wherein said gamma-ray detector is the dual intensity gamma-ray detector;

C. the total volumetric flow rate Q that is recorded by the total volumetric flow rate metering outfit that is positioned at described curved pipe upstream or downstream _tAnd the radial alignment phase fraction α of above-mentioned gas phase, oil phase and water _Rg, α _RoAnd α _Rw, calculate gas phase flow Q _g, oil phase flow Q _oWith water flow Q _w

The 6th aspect of the present utility model relates to a kind of method of measuring gas phase flow in the polyphasic flow, oil phase flow and water flow, comprising:

A. make polyphasic flow flow through the pipeline that comprises at least one section curved pipe, so that this polyphasic flow is separated into gas phase layer, oil phase layer and aqueous layer under centrifugal action; Wherein the xsect of described at least curved pipe is circular, and the plane at described curved pipe place is vertically oriented, and described curved pipe has the xsect that at least one is vertically oriented;

B. by the straight line phase fraction α of gamma-ray detector mensuration along gas phase, oil phase and the water of the non-radial direction of the described xsect that is vertically oriented of described curved pipe _Ng, α _NoAnd α _NwThis comprises interior gamma-ray emission device and the gamma detector of the described xsect that is vertically oriented that is arranged in described curved pipe this gamma-ray detector, wherein the gamma ray that sends of gamma-ray emission device passes with the described xsect that is vertically oriented of non-direction radially along described curved pipe, reaches the gamma ray receiver; Wherein said gamma-ray detector is the dual intensity gamma-ray detector;

C. the total volumetric flow rate Q that is recorded by the total volumetric flow rate metering outfit that is positioned at described curved pipe upstream or downstream _tAnd the non-radial alignment phase fraction α of above-mentioned gas phase, oil phase and water _Ng, α _NoAnd α _Nw, calculate gas phase flow Q _g, oil phase flow Q _oWith water flow Q _w

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram of the multiphase flow rate measuring apparatus based on curved pipe of the present utility model, and one section semicircle arc pipe has wherein only schematically drawn;

Fig. 2 is the distribution schematic diagram of the cross-section gas-oil that the is vertically oriented-water three-phase based on the curved pipe in the multiphase flow rate measuring apparatus of curved pipe of the present utility model;

Fig. 3 is the synoptic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present utility model.

Above accompanying drawing only is used for technical conceive of the present invention and technical scheme exemplarily are described, and do not limit the present invention in any way.

Embodiment

For the ease of understanding the utility model, at first some terms in the polyphasic flow metering field simply are described below:

" polyphasic flow " refers to the fluid-mixing that is made of gas phase and liquid phase.Wherein liquid phase can be divided into oil phase and water again, and oil phase and water be immiscible basically.Therefore, polyphasic flow can be biphase gas and liquid flow, also can be gas and oil water three-phase stream.In the oil-gas mining field, gas phase can be for example various alkane of stratum associated gas, and oil phase mainly is crude oil, employed water when water mainly carries out waterfrac treatment from underground water and for recover petroleum.Aqueous phase can also contain and is dissolved in wherein each kind of material for example surfactant, salt etc.

" volumetric flow rate " refers to the volume of the fluid that flows through in the unit interval, and in the SI system of units, its dimension can be m ³/ s.According to the difference of the residing temperature and pressure of fluid, volumetric flow rate is divided into operating mode volumetric flow rate and standard volume flow again.The former is the actual volumetric flow rate that records under the actual temperature pressure of condition of work, and the latter carries out the former to be converted in the status of criterion (298K, 101.325kPa) volumetric flow rate under after PVT converts.

" phase fraction " refers to each mutually shared number percent in the polyphasic flow.Distinguish according to mete-wand, phase fraction can be divided into straight line phase fraction, area phase fraction and volume phase fraction.Its cathetus phase fraction refers to that point-blank for example along on the gamma rays transmission direction, gas phase and liquid phase absorption path-length separately accounts for the ratio of the total absorption path-length of gas-liquid two-phase, is called gas phase straight line phase fraction α _gWith liquid phase straight line phase fraction α _l, wherein following table g represents gas, subscript l express liquid; Perhaps the straight line phase fraction refers to that gas phase, oil phase, water absorption path-length separately accounts for the ratio of the total absorption path-length of gas and oil water three-phase, is called α _g, α _oAnd α _w, wherein subscript g represents gas, and subscript o represents oil phase, and subscript w represents water.And the area phase fraction refers on a certain xsect, and the occupied area of gas-liquid or liquid phase accounts for the number percent of total cross-sectional area, also can be called gas phase area phase fraction α _gWith liquid phase area phase fraction α _lPerhaps the area phase fraction refer to gas phase, oil phase, water separately occupied area account for the number percent of total cross-sectional area, be called gas phase area phase fraction α _g, oil phase area phase fraction α _oWith water area phase fraction α _w, the subscript implication as mentioned above.The volume phase fraction refers to that then gas-liquid two-phase volumetric flow rate separately accounts for the number percent of polyphasic flow total volumetric flow rate, or gas, oil, water three-phase volumetric flow rate separately account for the number percent of polyphasic flow total volumetric flow rate.No matter all phase fractions are straight line phase fraction, area phase fraction and volume phase fraction, are nondimensional number percent, and meet the following conditions: α _g+ α _l=1 or α _g+ α _o+ α _w=1.For clarity, when mentioning this term of phase fraction, it is straight line phase fraction or area phase fraction that the utility model can indicate especially.

" void fraction " refers to the volume phase fraction of gas phase.

" radially " refer to along the diameter of a circle direction.

" radially non-" refers to that any except diameter intersects at 2 rectilinear direction with circumference.

" vertically " refer to the acceleration of gravity direction in the same way or oppositely.

Hereinafter will describe in detail to the included member of multiphase flow rate measuring apparatus disclosed in the utility model and the method for using this polyphasic flow measuring apparatus to measure each phase flow rate of polyphasic flow.

First aspect of the present utility model and second aspect relate to the multiphase flow rate measuring apparatus.

Multiphase flow rate measuring apparatus of the present utility model is used the pipeline that comprises at least one section curved pipe.Described polyphasic flow flows through from this pipeline.Wherein, the pipeline that comprises at least one section curved pipe refers to that a certain section or several sections of this pipeline is curved pipe.Wherein, " arc " this term has the common implication of understanding of those skilled in the art, i.e. at least a portion of circular order.On the geometry, arc can be divided into major arc (corresponding central angle is more than or equal to 180 degree), minor arc (corresponding central angle is less than 180 degree), can use major arc in the utility model, also can use minor arc." curved pipe " and " straight tube " refer to the crooked conglobate at least a portion of this segment pipe comparatively speaking, and namely this pipe is shaped as arc.In the utility model, the xsect of this curved pipe is circular at least, but to the shape of the xsect of the pipeline of curved pipe upstream and downstream without limits.In preferred embodiment of the present utility model, all pipelines comprise curved pipe and upstream and downstream pipeline, and xsect is circular.Relation between long-pending to the tube section between curved pipe and its upstream and downstream pipeline does not have specific (special) requirements yet.In preferred embodiments, curved pipe has the sectional area that equates with its upstream and downstream pipeline.The utility model has certain requirement to the arrangement of described curved pipe, the plane that is described curved pipe place will be vertically oriented basically, that is to say, if the circumference at this arc place is drawn complete along described curved pipe, then the plane that surrounds of this circumference should be vertically oriented basically, namely is arranged essentially parallel to gravity direction.Described curved pipe also should have the xsect that at least one is vertically oriented.As hereinafter being explained in more detail, require the plane at described curved pipe place to be vertically oriented and to require described curved pipe also should have the xsect that at least one is vertically oriented basically, will make the cross-section that is vertically oriented at this, centrifugal force suffered when fluid flows through this curved pipe overlaps (in the same way or oppositely) with gravity direction, the symmetry of flow pattern in this will be conducive to manage is simplified and is calculated.In preferred embodiments, described at least one section curved pipe forms a plurality of curved pipes of series connection or forms solenoid, to prolong the action of centrifugal force time.The radius-of-curvature of described a plurality of curved pipes can be identical or different, and is preferably identical, more preferably be from upstream to the downstream and diminish successively, in order in the shortest path, make between the gas-liquid two-phase fully layering, perhaps make bring about the desired sensation, fully layering between the oil, water three-phase.Randomly, between described a plurality of curved pipes the straight-run of pipe road can be arranged, can certainly not have.

Multiphase flow rate measuring apparatus of the present utility model also comprises gamma-ray detector, it comprises gamma-ray emission device and the gamma detector of the both sides of the described xsect that is vertically oriented that is arranged in described curved pipe, wherein the gamma ray that sends of gamma-ray emission device with radially or non-radial direction pass along the described xsect that is vertically oriented of curved pipe, arrive the gamma ray receiver; Wherein said gamma-ray detector is monoenergetic gamma-ray detector or dual intensity gamma-ray detector.

Gamma ray detectors is a kind of detector commonly used in the multiphase flow rate meter field, and its principle of work is, is sent by the radioactive source of the gamma-ray emission device that is arranged in pipeline one side that to have certain initial strength be emissive porwer N ₀Gamma rays, be preferably the gamma rays through collimation, when this gamma rays passes absorbing medium, can because of with interactions such as absorbing medium generation photoelectric effect, Compton scattering and electron pair generation, and the generation strength retrogression, namely be absorbed medium and sponge at least a portion, the gamma ray intensity that the gamma detector that is positioned at the pipeline opposite side then detects after the decay is intensity in transmission N, and calculates the absorption coefficient of absorbing medium based on certain formula.Wherein said radioactive source can adopt various suitable radioactive sources.

Under the situation of heterogeneous fluid as absorbing medium, because gas phase, liquid phase (this liquid phase is divided into oil phase and water again) have different absorption coefficients for gamma rays, therefore, the polyphasic flow for having different gas phase-oil phases-water three-phase ratio will have different absorption coefficients.In conjunction with pure gas, pure oil phase and pure water absorption coefficient mutually, the absorption coefficient of the three-phase mixture that records is carried out analytical calculation, the information of the phase fraction of each phase might be provided.

According to the energy situation of the gamma rays that uses, gamma ray detectors is divided into monoenergetic gamma ray detectors and dual intensity gamma ray detectors again.Wherein the monoenergetic gamma ray detectors is used the gamma rays with single energy, for example uses ²⁴¹Am radioactive source, the energy of the gamma rays that it sends are 59.5keV; Or ¹³⁷The Cs radioactive source, the energy of that sends: 662keV.And the dual intensity gamma ray detectors is used the gamma rays with two kinds of energy, for example, is using ²⁴¹Under the situation of Am radioactive source, produce the gamma rays of 59.5keV, make wherein first strand of gamma rays directly pass absorbing medium and absorb, thereby another strand then bombards the target sheet of being made by silver excites silver hair to go out the relatively low gamma rays of energy that energy is 22keV, and be absorbed by this absorbing medium along the path identical with first strand of gamma rays, and detected their intensity in transmission by gamma ray detector together.Use the dual intensity gamma rays, the information of more forming about heterogeneous fluid inside can be provided.In the selection of dual energy gamma ray detector, those skilled in the art can select concrete two kinds of energy that use according to the specific nature of object to be measured.For example, measure dense medium and need select the higher gamma-rays of energy.To light substance, as oil water mixture, two only scopes of energy roughly at 20KeV between the 100KeV.Usually energy in the gamma-rays of two kinds of energy higher call energetic gamma rays, another then is low-energy.

In brief, gamma-ray detector is a kind of method of information of each phase composition with noncontact, non-invasive mode measuring tube inner fluid.Wherein, the monoenergetic gamma ray detectors is mainly used in providing the gas-liquid two-phase percent information along on the gamma rays transmission path, and so-called straight line phase fraction information namely is provided.And the dual intensity gamma ray detectors is the straight line phase fraction information of each phase except the gas and oil water three-phase percent information on the gamma rays transmission path can be provided, and the information such as hybrid density of fluid can also be provided.The gamma ray detectors of using in the utility model is known, about its more the multiplex (MUX) make principle and device specifics, can be referring to relevant monograph.This paper repeats no more.

In basic embodiment of the present utility model, the gamma ray detectors in the multiphase flow rate measuring apparatus of the present utility model can be used the monoenergetic gamma ray detectors, also can use the dual intensity gamma-ray detector.Use this multiphase flow rate measuring apparatus of monoenergetic gamma ray detectors to can be used for gas phase and the two flow separately of liquid phase in the online measurement polyphasic flow.And use this multiphase flow rate measuring apparatus of dual intensity gamma ray detectors to can be used for gas phase in the online measurement polyphasic flow, oil phase and water three flow separately.

In the device of the present utility model, the gamma ray detectors radial arrangement also can non-radial arrangement.Wherein radial arrangement preferably curved pipe the vertical diametric(al) of the described xsect that is vertically oriented arrange.Wherein non-radial arrangement will make gamma rays pass gas-liquid two-phase or pass water, oil phase, this three-phase of gas phase.In the practice, those skilled in the art can select this non-concrete direction radially as the case may be.In the practice, usually with this radially non-and vertically the angle between radially represent this non-concrete direction radially.

Multiphase flow rate measuring apparatus of the present utility model also comprises the total volumetric flow rate metering outfit that is used for measuring the polyphasic flow total volumetric flow rate that is positioned at described curved pipe upstream or downstream.The effect of these total volumetric flow rate metering outfits is to measure total volumetric flow rate, and can adopt the known any flowmeter that is suitable for the meter fluid total volumetric flow rate in fluid flow metering field.Such as, but not limited to, elbowmeter, Venturi meter, spinner-type flowmeter, suspended body flowmeter, orifice flowmeter etc.About principle of work and the device specifics of total volumetric flow rate metering outfit, also can be referring to the product description of relevant textbook or equipment producer.This paper repeats no more.In the utility model, preferably use Venturi meter or elbowmeter.Elbowmeter most preferably, because do not contain the aditus laryngis that narrows down as the actual internal area in Venturi meter or the orifice flowmeter in the elbowmeter, can effectively prevent or reduce because for example sand or dust stop up the measuring accuracy that causes and reduce or lost efficacy by the toughening oil in the polyphasic flow or solid impurity.

Perhaps, described total volumetric flow rate metering outfit also can be selected from rate of flow of fluid metering equipment, and this flow velocity metering outfit can be measured the mean flow rate of polyphasic flow, then by multiply by the long-pending total volumetric flow rate that obtains of pipeline section.A kind of exemplary rate of flow of fluid metering equipment can be the equipment of measuring rate of flow of fluid by cross-correlation method.The ultimate principle of cross-correlation method is to locate to arrange two sensors along liquid flow direction known 2 of distance, and this sensor can be based on the sensor of microwave, ray, differential pressure or electrical impedance, can be used for density, conductivity or the inductance of test fluid.During work, two sensors detect same signal through the needed time of this known distance, calculate the average velocity of fluid then.Principle and employed computing formula thereof that should " cross-correlation method " be that prior art is known, " the Handbook of multiphase flow metering " that publishes referring to Norway oil gas metering association for example, in March, 2005, second edition.

The third aspect of the present utility model relates to the method for measuring gas phase flow and liquid phase flow in the polyphasic flow, and step is as described in the novel overview section of practicality.Set forth in more detail with regard to each step below.

Among the step a therein, no matter the original flow pattern of polyphasic flow how, those skilled in the art are by experience or limited number of time experiment or pass through the fluid mechanics analog computation, can select the radius-of-curvature of suitable flow velocity and curved pipe, to regulate the size of polyphasic flow suffered centrifugal force in curved pipe, make polyphasic flow in curved pipe, form the flow pattern of gas-liquid layering.Wherein, liquid be thrown toward the outer circumferential sides of curved pipe under centrifugal action, and gas is subjected to less centrifugal force owing to density is little owing to density is subjected to bigger centrifugal force greatly, then mainly move along the inner circumferential side of curved pipe, therefore in curved pipe, realized the gas-liquid layering.The cross-section that is vertically oriented at described curved pipe, centrifugal force overlaps (in the same way or oppositely) with gravity direction, the distribution plan of fluid this moment after this cross-section layering is that as shown in Figure 2, this will bring very big facility to flow measurement and calculating along vertically diametric(al) is symmetrical.

Among the step b therein, record vertical diametric gas phase and liquid phase straight line phase fraction α along this xsect that is vertically oriented by gamma ray detectors _RgAnd α _RlWherein the selection of gamma ray detectors type, arrangement etc. are as described in the multiphase flow rate measuring apparatus in the first aspect of the present utility model.

Among the step c therein, the selection of total volumetric flow rate metering outfit and arrangement etc. are also as described in the multiphase flow rate measuring apparatus in the first aspect of the present utility model.Then in conjunction with the situation shown in Fig. 2, under the situation of only using the gamma ray detectors of arranging along vertical diameter, adopt following formula in the computation process:

1. calculate the area phase fraction of liquid phase and liquid phase:

${\mathrm{\α}}_g=\frac{{\cos }^{-1}(1-2{\mathrm{\α}}_{\mathrm{rg}})-4(1-2{\mathrm{\α}}_{\mathrm{rg}})\sqrt{{\mathrm{\α}}_{\mathrm{rg}}(1-{\mathrm{\α}}_{\mathrm{rg}})}}{\mathrm{\π}}$ Dimensionless

α _l=1-α _gDimensionless

α _RgVertical gas phase straight line phase fraction dimensionless radially

2. calculate total flow (only be example with the venturi, when the total volumetric flow rate timing of using other type, can adopt corresponding computing formula)

$Q_t=C\frac{\mathrm{\π}{d}^2}{4}\frac{1}{\sqrt{1-{\mathrm{\β}}^4}}\sqrt{\frac{2(\mathrm{\ΔP}-{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{\mathrm{mix}}\mathrm{gh})}{{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{\mathrm{mix}}}}$

Q _tTotal flow m ³/ s

C efflux coefficient dimensionless

The internal diameter m of d venturi throat

D is the pressure point place internal diameter of the pipeline dimensionless before the venturi larynx footpath

Δ P differential pressure Pa

ρ _MixThe hybrid density of fluid calculates face formula kg/m as follows ³

G acceleration of gravity m/s ²

The vertical throw m at h differential pressure pressure point place

Wherein mix density p _MixCan be estimated by historical data, or the data computation that is recorded by phase seperated flowmeter, or be calculated by following formula

ρ _Mix=ρ _gα _g+ ρ _lα _lKg/m when gas-liquid two-phase ³

α _gGas phase area phase fraction dimensionless

α _lLiquid phase area phase fraction dimensionless

ρ _gDensity of gas phase kg/m ³

ρ _lDensity of liquid phase kg/m ³

ρ _g, ρ _lCan get gas phase and liquid phase independent measurement or obtained by historical data by back that polyphasic flow is separated

3. calculate the volumetric flow rate of each phase

Q _g＝Q _t×α _g

Q _t＝Q _t×α _l

Q _gGas phase volume flow rate m ³/ s

Q _lLiquid phase volume flow m ³/ s

Fourth aspect of the present utility model relates to the method for measuring gas phase flow and liquid phase flow in the polyphasic flow, and step is as described in the novel overview section of practicality.Set forth in more detail with regard to each step below.

Step a wherein is identical with the step a of third part of the present utility model.

Step b wherein measures along the non-radial alignment phase fraction α of the described xsect that is vertically oriented of described curved pipe by gamma-ray detector _NgAnd α _Nl

Among the step c wherein, the selection of total volumetric flow rate metering outfit and arrangement etc. are as described in the multiphase flow rate measuring apparatus in the second aspect of the present utility model.In conjunction with the situation shown in Fig. 2, under the situation of the gamma ray detectors of using non-radial arrangement, adopt following formula in the computation process:

1. calculate two phase area phase fractions:

α _Rg=α _Ng* cos ²θ+sin ²The θ dimensionless

${\mathrm{\α}}_g=\frac{{\cos }^{-1}(1-2{\mathrm{\α}}_{\mathrm{rg}})-4(1-2{\mathrm{\α}}_{\mathrm{rg}})\sqrt{{\mathrm{\α}}_{\mathrm{rg}}(1-{\mathrm{\α}}_{\mathrm{rg}})}}{\mathrm{\π}}$ Dimensionless

α _l=1-α _gDimensionless

α _NgThe gas phase straight line phase fraction dimensionless of measuring along the non-radial direction gamma rays

The radian angle radian of θ non-radial direction and vertical radial direction

2. calculate total flow (only be example with the venturi, when the total volumetric flow rate timing of using other type, can adopt corresponding computing formula)

$Q_t=C\frac{\mathrm{\π}{d}^2}{4}\frac{1}{\sqrt{1-{\mathrm{\β}}^4}}\sqrt{\frac{2(\mathrm{\ΔP}-{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{\mathrm{mix}}\mathrm{gh})}{{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{\mathrm{mix}}}}$

Q _tTotal flow m ³/ s

C efflux coefficient dimensionless

The internal diameter m of d venturi throat

D is the pressure point place internal diameter of the pipeline dimensionless before the venturi larynx footpath

Δ P differential pressure Pa

ρ _MixThe hybrid density of fluid calculates face formula kg/m as follows ³

G acceleration of gravity m/s ²

The vertical throw m at h differential pressure pressure point place

Wherein mix density p _MixCan be estimated by historical data, or the data computation that is recorded by phase seperated flowmeter, or be calculated by following formula

ρ _Mix=ρ _gα _g+ ρ _lα _lKg/m when gas-liquid two-phase ³

α _gGas phase area phase fraction dimensionless

α _lLiquid phase area phase fraction dimensionless

ρ _gDensity of gas phase kg/m ³

ρ _lDensity of liquid phase kg/m ³

ρ _g, ρ _lCan get gas phase and liquid phase independent measurement or obtained by historical data by back that polyphasic flow is separated

3. calculate the volumetric flow rate of each phase

Q _g＝Q _t×α _g

Q _l＝Q _t×α _l

Q _gGas phase volume flow rate m ³/ s

Q _lLiquid phase volume flow m ³/ s

The 5th aspect of the present utility model relates to the method for measuring gas phase flow, oil phase flow and water flow in the polyphasic flow, and step is as described in the novel overview section of practicality.Set forth in more detail with regard to each step below.

Step a wherein and the step a of the third aspect of the present utility model are basic identical, and difference only is that polyphasic flow is not as being divided into gas phase in the third aspect described and liquid phase is two-layer, but are divided into three layers of gas phase, oil phase and waters.In liquid phase, because the density of water is greater than oil phase, so water is positioned at outer circumferential sides, oil phase is more close relatively inner circumferential side then.

Step b wherein uses dual intensity gamma-ray detector mensuration along the straight line phase fraction α of vertical gas phase, oil phase and the water radially of the described xsect that is vertically oriented of described curved pipe _Rg, α _RoAnd α _Rw

The total volumetric flow rate Q that step c is wherein recorded by the total volumetric flow rate metering outfit that is positioned at described curved pipe upstream or downstream _tAnd the radial alignment phase fraction α of above-mentioned gas phase, oil phase and water _Rg, α _RoAnd α _Rw, calculate gas phase flow Q _g, oil phase flow Q _oWith water flow Q _w, concrete formula is as follows:

1. calculate gas phase, oil phase and water area phase fraction separately:

${\mathrm{\α}}_g=\frac{{\cos }^{-1}(1-2{\mathrm{\α}}_{\mathrm{rg}})-4(1-2{\mathrm{\α}}_{\mathrm{rg}})\sqrt{{\mathrm{\α}}_{\mathrm{rg}}(1-{\mathrm{\α}}_{\mathrm{rg}})}}{\mathrm{\π}}$ Dimensionless

${\mathrm{\α}}_w=\frac{{\cos }^{-1}(1-2{\mathrm{\α}}_{\mathrm{rw}})-4(1-2{\mathrm{\α}}_{\mathrm{rw}})\sqrt{{\mathrm{\α}}_{\mathrm{rw}}(1-{\mathrm{\α}}_{\mathrm{rw}})}}{\mathrm{\π}}$ Dimensionless

α _o=1-α _w-α _gDimensionless

α _RgVertical gas phase straight line phase fraction dimensionless radially

α _RwVertical water straight line phase fraction dimensionless radially

2. calculate total flow (only be example with the venturi, when the total volumetric flow rate timing of using other type, can adopt corresponding computing formula)

$Q_t=C\frac{\mathrm{\π}{d}^2}{4}\frac{1}{\sqrt{1-{\mathrm{\β}}^4}}\sqrt{\frac{2(\mathrm{\ΔP}-{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{\mathrm{mix}}\mathrm{gh})}{{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{\mathrm{mix}}}}$

Q _tTotal flow m ³/ s

C efflux coefficient dimensionless

The internal diameter m of d venturi throat

D is the pressure point place internal diameter of the pipeline dimensionless before the venturi larynx footpath

Δ P differential pressure Pa

ρ _MixThe hybrid density of fluid calculates face formula kg/m as follows ³

G acceleration of gravity m/s ²

The vertical throw m at h differential pressure pressure point place

Wherein mix density p _MixCan be estimated by historical data, or the data computation that is recorded by phase seperated flowmeter, or be calculated by following formula

ρ _Mix=ρ _gα _g+ ρ _oα _o+ ρ _wα _wKg/m when oil gas water three phase ³

α _gGas phase area phase fraction dimensionless

α _oOil phase area phase fraction dimensionless

α _wWater area phase fraction dimensionless

ρ _gDensity of gas phase kg/m ³

ρ _oOil phase density kg/m ³

ρ _wWater density kg/m ³

ρ _g, ρ _o, ρ _wCan be by after polyphasic flow is separated gas phase, oil phase and water independent measurement being got or being obtained by historical data

3. calculate the volumetric flow rate of each phase

Q _g＝Q _t×α _g

Q _o＝Q _t×α _o

Q _w＝Q _t×α _w

Q _gGas phase volume flow rate m ³/ s

Q _oOil phase volumetric flow rate m ³/ s

Q _wWater volumetric flow rate m ³/ s

The 6th aspect of the present utility model relates to the method for measuring gas phase flow, oil phase flow and water flow in the polyphasic flow, and step is as described in the novel overview section of practicality.Set forth in more detail with regard to each step below.

Step a wherein is identical with the step a of the 5th aspect of the present utility model.

Step b wherein uses dual intensity gamma-ray detector mensuration along the straight line phase fraction α of non-gas phase, oil phase and the water radially of the described xsect that is vertically oriented of described curved pipe _Ng, α _NoAnd α _Nw

The total volumetric flow rate Q that step c is wherein recorded by the total volumetric flow rate metering outfit that is positioned at described curved pipe upstream or downstream _tAnd the non-radial alignment phase fraction α of above-mentioned gas phase, oil phase and water _Ng, α _NoAnd α _Nw, calculate gas phase flow Q _g, oil phase flow Q _oWith water flow Q _w, concrete formula is as follows:

1. calculate gas phase, oil phase and water area phase fraction separately:

α _Rg=α _Ng* cos ²θ+sin ²The θ dimensionless

α _Ro=α _No* cos ²The θ dimensionless

α _Rw=α _Nw* cos ²The θ dimensionless

${\mathrm{\α}}_g=\frac{{\cos }^{-1}(1-2{\mathrm{\α}}_{\mathrm{rg}})-4(1-2{\mathrm{\α}}_{\mathrm{rg}})\sqrt{{\mathrm{\α}}_{\mathrm{rg}}(1-{\mathrm{\α}}_{\mathrm{rg}})}}{\mathrm{\π}}$ Dimensionless

${\mathrm{\α}}_w=\frac{{\cos }^{-1}(1-2{\mathrm{\α}}_{\mathrm{rw}})-4(1-2{\mathrm{\α}}_{\mathrm{rw}})\sqrt{{\mathrm{\α}}_{\mathrm{rw}}(1-{\mathrm{\α}}_{\mathrm{rw}})}}{\mathrm{\π}}$ Dimensionless

α _o=1-α _w-α _gDimensionless

α _NgThe gas phase straight line phase fraction dimensionless of measuring along the non-radial direction gamma rays

α _NwThe water straight line phase fraction dimensionless of measuring along the non-radial direction gamma rays

α _NoThe oil phase straight line phase fraction dimensionless of measuring along the non-radial direction gamma rays

The radian angle radian of θ non-radial direction and vertical radial direction

2. calculate total flow (only be example with the venturi, when the total volumetric flow rate timing of using other type, can adopt corresponding computing formula)

$Q_t=C\frac{\mathrm{\π}{d}^2}{4}\frac{1}{\sqrt{1-{\mathrm{\β}}^4}}\sqrt{\frac{2(\mathrm{\ΔP}-{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{\mathrm{mix}}\mathrm{gh})}{{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{\mathrm{mix}}}}$

Q _tTotal flow m ³/ s

C efflux coefficient dimensionless

The internal diameter m of d venturi throat

D is the pressure point place internal diameter of the pipeline dimensionless before the venturi larynx footpath

△ P differential pressure Pa

ρ _MixThe hybrid density of fluid calculates face formula kg/m as follows ³

G acceleration of gravity m/s ²

The vertical throw m at h differential pressure pressure point place

Wherein mix density p _MixCan be estimated by historical data, or the data computation that is recorded by phase seperated flowmeter, or be calculated by following formula

ρ _Mix=ρ _gα _g+ ρ _oα _o+ ρ _wα _wKg/m when oil gas water three phase ³

α _gGas phase area phase fraction dimensionless

α _oOil phase area phase fraction dimensionless

α _wWater area phase fraction dimensionless

ρ _gDensity of gas phase kg/m ³

ρ _oOil phase density kg/m ³

ρ _wWater density kg/m ³

ρ _g, ρ _o, ρ _wCan be by after polyphasic flow is separated gas phase, oil phase and water independent measurement being got or being obtained by historical data

3. calculate the volumetric flow rate of each phase

Q _g＝Q _t×α _g

Q _o＝Q _t×α _o

Q _w＝Q _t×α _w

Q _gGas phase volume flow rate m ³/ s

Q _oOil phase volumetric flow rate m ³/ s

Q _wWater volumetric flow rate m ³/ s

An exemplary preferred embodiment of the present utility model as shown in Figure 3, the size relationship of each pipeline also is plotted among the figure.Wherein, d is internal diameter of the pipeline.Wherein pipeline can comprise the multistage arc pipe, and the radius of curvature R of each arc pipe also is plotted among the figure.See that along fluid flow direction wherein first curved pipe (R=4d) can be used as a upstream formula elbowmeter use, is used for measuring total flow.The straight-run of pipe road of randomly flowing through then, flow into second curved pipe (R=4d) then, wherein can be used as the phase fraction measurement candidate at vertical section 1 place and locate 1, can settle described gamma-ray detector with vertical diametric(al) or non-radial direction at this, this gamma ray detectors is monoenergetic or dual intensity detector when carrying out the gas-liquid two-phase measurement, when carrying out gas, oil, the measurement of water three-phase, this gamma ray detectors is the dual intensity detector.Perhaps, if want to make centrifugal action to talk about more fully, also can set up as required the 3rd curved pipe (R=1.5d) or even the 4th curved pipe (R=1.5d) so that make between the gas-liquid two-phase or gas and oil water three-phase between layering more clear.Correspondingly, vertical section 2 and 3 places can be used as the phase fraction measurement candidate and locate 2 and 3, can settle described gamma-ray detector with vertical diametric(al) or non-radial direction at this, this gamma ray detectors is monoenergetic or dual intensity detector when carrying out the gas-liquid two-phase measurement, when carrying out gas, oil, the measurement of water three-phase, this gamma ray detectors is the dual intensity detector.At last, fluid flows out.Perhaps, in a more preferred, the 5th curved pipe (R=2.5d) that fluid is also flowed through optional before outflow, the 5th curved pipe has constituted a downstream formula elbowmeter, in order to total flow is further measured, and the reading of the upstream formula total flow meter that constitutes with aforementioned first curved pipe is averaged, to improve the measurement accuracy of total volumetric flow rate.

With respect to traditional flowmeter, multiphase flow rate meter of the present utility model has the following advantages:

1, need not complicated sampling technique, on-line measurement can be guaranteed the representativeness of sample, and can be in the one way pipeline on-line measurement gas-liquid two-phase flow or gas phase, oil phase, liquid phase three-phase flow; And traditional flowmeter or the complicated sampling technique of needs, or need separate (for example gravity separation or cyclonic separation) mutually to each earlier, in different pipelines, respectively each is measured mutually then; Obviously not only faster the but also facility that needs is still less for the utility model.

2. the scope of application is wideer, to the flow pattern of polyphasic flow almost without limits; In the utility model, under the powerful gravitational field that is constituted by centrifugal force, the fluctuation of liquid-gas interface and the turbulent extent of fluid all can weaken, it is very straight that the shape of gas liquid film and profit phase interface all can become, the complicacy of instantaneous flowing state all can reduce, and this is very beneficial for improving measurement accuracy.And the area phase fraction strictness of each phase is calculated by the ratio of the area of each phase, and the simple property of fluidised form has guaranteed stability and the accuracy of the phase fraction measurement under the various conditions.

3. compact in design is convenient to install and transform.No consumable accessory, long service life.

Below only for illustrational purpose the utility model has been described; it will be understood to those of skill in the art that; listed arrangement, concrete numeral etc. only are schematic among the embodiment; those skilled in the art can change many details of the present utility model according to concrete actual conditions under the situation that does not deviate from the protection domain of the present utility model that claim limits.

Claims (5)

1. multiphase flow rate measuring apparatus, it comprises with lower member:

The pipeline that comprises at least one section curved pipe, wherein the xsect of described at least curved pipe is circular, and the plane at described curved pipe place is vertically oriented, and described curved pipe has the xsect that at least one is vertically oriented;

Gamma-ray detector, it comprises gamma-ray emission device and the gamma detector of the both sides up and down of the described xsect that is vertically oriented that is arranged in described curved pipe, wherein the gamma ray that sends of gamma-ray emission device passes with the described xsect that is vertically oriented of vertical radial direction along curved pipe, arrives the gamma ray receiver; Wherein said gamma-ray detector is monoenergetic gamma-ray detector or dual intensity gamma-ray detector;

Be positioned at the total volumetric flow rate metering outfit that is used for calculating the polyphasic flow total volumetric flow rate in described curved pipe upstream or downstream.

2. multiphase flow rate measuring apparatus, it comprises with lower member:

The pipeline that comprises at least one section curved pipe, wherein the xsect of described at least curved pipe is circular, and the plane at described curved pipe place is vertically oriented, and described curved pipe has the xsect that at least one is vertically oriented;

Gamma-ray detector, it comprises gamma-ray emission device and gamma detector in the described xsect that is vertically oriented that is arranged in described curved pipe, wherein the gamma ray that sends of gamma-ray emission device passes with the described xsect that is vertically oriented of non-direction radially along described curved pipe, reaches the gamma ray receiver; Wherein said gamma-ray detector is monoenergetic gamma-ray detector or dual intensity gamma-ray detector;

Be positioned at the total volumetric flow rate metering outfit that is used for calculating the polyphasic flow total volumetric flow rate in described curved pipe upstream or downstream.

3. according to the multiphase flow rate measuring apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein said total volumetric flow rate metering outfit is selected elbowmeter, Venturi meter, spinner-type flowmeter, suspended body flowmeter, orifice flowmeter, perhaps, wherein said total volumetric flow rate metering outfit is selected from the rate of flow of fluid measuring equipment.

4. according to the multiphase flow rate measuring apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein said at least one section curved pipe forms a plurality of curved pipes of series connection or forms solenoid, and wherein said a plurality of curved pipes or solenoidal radius-of-curvature are identical or different.

5. according to the multiphase flow rate measuring apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein said at least one section curved pipe forms a plurality of curved pipes of series connection or forms solenoid, and wherein said a plurality of curved pipes or solenoidal radius-of-curvature are from upstream to the downstream and diminish successively.

Images